Idag är en stor andel av eleverna i svensk skola flerspråkiga. Lärarna måste alltså räkna med att eleverna i klassen behärskar svenska språket i varierande grad. Forskning visar att för att andraspråkselever ska få samma chans som förstaspråkselever att mötas utifrån sina förutsättningar och behov, krävs att alla lärare har kunskaper om hur andraspråksutveckling går till och hur man kan planera och genomföra undervisning som är samtidigt språkutvecklande och kunskapsutvecklande. Men lärarutbildningen prioriterar inte dessa ämnen. Inte heller finns det några formella krav på att grundlärare ska ha dessa kunskaper.   Genom intervjuer med två lärare i årskurs tre undersöks i föreliggande studie hur stor betydelse lärarnas eget driv har för att skapa förutsättningar för en framgångsrik språk- och kunskapsutveckling för andraspråkselever. Resultatet visar att lärarnas eget intresse och engagemang har en nyckelroll i detta. / A large percentage of students in Swedish schools today are multilingual. Consequently teachers must expect varying degrees of Swedish language proficiency of the students in the classroom. Research shows that in order to give second language students the same chance of being met on the basis of their capacities and needs as students with Swedish as their first language have, it is important that all teachers have knowledge of second language development as well as of educational planning and implementation that is developing both language and subject-matter knowledge. Regardless of this finding the teacher education programme does not prioritize these subjects; nor are there any formal requirements that primary school teachers should have these skill sets.   In this study interviews were conducted with two third grade teachers to probe the significance of the teacher's own enthusiasm in creating optimal conditions for the development of the student's language skills and learning. The results show that the teachers' own interest and commitment play a key role in this matter.

In recent years the fashion industry has experienced a high frequency of famous Creative Directors departing the companies for unknown reasons. The same problem does not seem to occur in the Scandinavian fashion industry. This study’s purpose is to explore why Scandinavia does not experience the same problem, contribute a deeper understanding of the leader-designer relationship in the Swedish fashion industry, and to examine how the Scandinavian Cooperative Advantage is applicable in the Swedish fashion industry. Three case studies were conducted at the Swedish fashion companies TRIWA, Baron and Weriseg where both leaders and designers were interviewed. The findings showed that the leaders view their designers as an essential part of the organisation but how they are prioritised depend on the situation. Further more, this study indicates that all of the studied companies have a stakeholder approach, uses a value creating strategy based on cooperation with their stakeholders, are aligned with a typical Swedish organizational culture, and has a Swedish Management Style. Thus this study indicates that the notion of Scandinavian Cooperative Advantage is applicable at the Swedish fashion industry and that this might be a factor for their success.

The Germanic initial sound combination wr (e.g. in *wrītan 'write') has not been preserved in any standard language. In the Scandinavian languages the development of this sound combination has resulted in five different initial sounds or sound combinations, namely rw, r, w, br and vr. The aim of this study is to describe the occurrence of these sound combinations, and to explain their age and origin. A limited number of words, mainly from Swedish dialects, has been investigated. The Swedish material has been assembled in a collection that has largely also been mapped, and so has a collection of Norwegian dialect material. The result shows that br is frequent in the Swedish dialects and that it also occurs in Trøndelagen and Østlandet in Norway, and on Jutland. R is widespread in Norway and occurs in Sweden in some words in Norrland, Dalarna, Värmland, Dalsland, Uppland and on the island of Gotland. Rw has been documented in Upper Dalarna, and w in the same area, as well as in the Kalix dialect in northernmost Sweden. The author demonstrates that the Norwegian loss of w might have started already in the 6th century in western Norway. The loss on Gotland is independent and can be demonstrated in Old Gutnish. The metathesis rw is found in Swedish and Norwegian 13-14th century sources from Uppland, Västmanland, Östergötland and southeastern Norway. The developments wr &gt; r and wr &gt; rw probably have their roots in a difference between the west Norwegian wr and the east Norwegian and Swedish war which is documented from PrimScand times. W is a secondary development of rw. The change wr &gt; br can be dated by place-name material to the early 15th century. The change wr &gt; vr appears to have taken place at approximately the same time. The author demonstrates that the result, wr &gt; br or wr &gt; yr, is apparently governed by certain phonetic factors. The failure of the Germanic wr to survive depends on the combination being phonetically complex. The risk that w would be lost was therefore considerable. However, differentiating forces worked for its retention. All developments emanating from wr, apparently disparate, can be seen as features of a larger process where a general linguistic tendency towards a weakening of sounds is confronted by conservative forces, with the above results as a consequence. / <p>Doktorsavhandling vid Uppsala universitet 1991</p>

Introducion Southern Sweden is an emerging wine region. Two things have made wine growing possible on our latitude: slowly rising temperature and new crossings of hereditary grape varieties. Grapes is a culturally new product in the Swedish farming landscape, which requires an introductory period. Consumers in an emerging wine region are faced with a tough choice between more familiar, non-local wines and new locally produced wines. This work is aimed at researching Swedish consumers attitude towards locally produced wines. Background Despite the importance of understanding new markets, it is often assumed that local residents automatically accept local products. However, this is not always the case. Consumers' attitude to local wines in the emerging wine region is of great value to local wine producers, as their attitude affects whether positive information about new products will spread among potential customers. Purpose The purpose is to examine Swedish consumers' attitude to Swedish wines. Method Web survey Results Result shows that there are more women than men who have tasted Swedish wines. 47% of those who have tasted have positive attitude, 29% did not think it is woth the money and 13% did not like the taste. Conclusion The majority of respondents have a positive attitude towards Swedish wines. / Inledning Södra Sverige är en framväxande vinregion. Två saker har möjliggjort vinodling på våra breddgrader: stigande temperatur och nya korsningar av härdiga druvsorter. Vindruvor är en kulturellt ny produkt i det svenska odlingslandskapet, vilket kräver en introduktionsperiod. Konsumenter i en framväxande vinregion ställs framför ett tufft val mellan mer bekanta, icke lokala viner och nya lokalproducerade viner. Detta arbete är inriktad på att genom en enkät undersöka vad svenska konsumenter tycker om lokalproducerade viner. Bakgrund Trots vikten av att förstå nya marknader antas det ofta att lokalbefolkningen automatiskt accepterar lokalproducerade viner med tanke på trenden att handla närproducerat, men det är inte alltid så självklart. Konsumenters attityd till lokala viner i framväxande vinregion är av stort värde för lokala vinproducenter, eftersom deras attityd påverkar huruvida positiv information om nya produkter kommer spridas bland potentiella kunder. Syfte Syftet är att undersöka svenska konsumenters attityd till svenska viner. Metod Webbundersökning Resultat Resultat visar att det är fler kvinnor än män som har smakat svenska viner. 47% av de som har smakat är positiva, 29% tycker inte det är prisvärt och 13% tycker inte om smaken. Slutsats Majoriteten av respondenter är har positiv attityd till svenska viner.

The topic of this essay is about teachers, who teaches in the subject Swedish, opinions in a literary canon. This study will present how they argue about a formally decided literary canon and how the teachers argue in using canon in their education. I have used an argumentative analysis to analyse the teachers’ arguments. The earlier research in the field concluded that the canon debate is polarized and mostly discussing whether canon is good or bad, and not so much on trying to discuss it in a constructive way on how to use canonized literature in school. My research concludes that the teachers’ opinions on canon are essentially polarized, but many teachers also think that a canon is at the same time beneficial, important and problematic. A majority of the arguments used on both sides are the same arguments that are used by the scientific literary field which studies canon. The biggest difference is the alignment to an educational context. The result show that the teachers’ use different pro-arguments and suggestions on how to establish a definite literary canon that could be used within the school system. Some argue for a formally decided literary canon established by the state and mean that the education will be equal and distinct, and students will develop the same cultural references. But not all teachers are positive to the proposition of a state established literary canon. The arguments on why and how teachers use canon in the education are similar to why there should be a definite literary canon in all schools. The contra-arguments the teachers’ use for a formally decided literary canon are that it will intrude in the teachers’ possibilities to adapt the education to the students. They also use contra-arguments that says the canonized literature is not adaptable to the students’ interests and that it is narrow and exclusive. They also mean that it is time consuming and will remove teachers’ possibilities to plan their education and make it adaptable for the students. The teachers’ contra-arguments on using canon in the education are similar to the above contra-arguments that the canonized literature is problematic in the perspective of authors and adaptiveness to different groups of students.

The purpose of this study is to explore the different experiences and perceptions that second language learners in the Swedish upper secondary school have of the Swedish langague and swedish as a second language. The purpose is also to examine differences and relations between second language learners´ attitudes and some background factors that may influence their attitudes. The study is based on a survey containing two parts: the first concerning background factors of the respondents and the second part consisting of statements combined with a likert scale. The survey was given to students studying swedish as a second language in the upper secondary school. The most important result is that the student´s attitudes to swedish and swedish as a second language are affected by the number of years they have lived in Sweden.

This thesis examines the Swedish speaking minority in the area of Finland. Because Finland had been a part of the Kingdom of Sweden for some centuries, the Swedish language had a dominant position in Finland for quite some time. The Swedish language kept its high prestige even during the period of the Russian rule that began in 1809. In the 2nd part of the 19th century the status of the Swedish language weakened to a large extent and today it is considered to be a minority language of Finland. The purpose of this thesis is in the first instance to define the term of identity and the specifics of minority identity. Subsequently I will focus on the the Swedish speaking minority in Finland, its self- concept, history and literature. In the last part of my thesis I will investigate the work of the Finland- Swedish writer Kjell Westö, in particular his depiction of his own Finland- Swedish identity. KEY WORDS: identity, minority groups, the Swedish speaking minority in Finland, Swedish literature in Finland, Kjell Westö

This thesis is a case study of the Swedish American Bibliography (SWAM), a special subject database in the Swedish Royal Library’s library information system, LIBRIS. The research intentions are to explore and define the bibliography, and, by resolving issues concerning the responsibility for the bibliography, to fulfill the broader intention of clearing the way for its continuation. During the academic year 2006/2007 the qualitative methods of literature analysis, website analysis, email interviews and correspondence were used for investigating the bibliography. Results of research question one showed the SWAM bibliography’s beginnings and its basis in Swedish cultural heritage. Results of research question two showed the bibliography’s relationship to the Royal Library’s duties and instructions. Results of research question three showed the organization of knowledge in the bibliography’s scope, its digital structure and its accessibility. Results of research question four compared the bibliography to similar Nordic bibliographies. Results of research question five covered the Swedish and North American institutions collaborating on the project to keep the bibliography going and addressed the project member institution representatives’ ideas for the bibliography’s future. In addition to the bibliography material’s significance for Swedish cultural heritage, the conclusions revolved around the need for a combination of open communication channels among the member institutions, a sound financial base of operations and strong leadership and around the Royal Library’s ultimate head responsibility for the SWAM bibliography’s continuation. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Sjöfarten står konstant inför nya utmaningar. En av de största utmaningarnasom sjöfartsbranschen står inför i dagsläget är digitaliseringen. Mycket avden traditionella utrusningen ombord fartyg idag är digitaliserat ochintegrerat på bryggan. När utrustning digitaliseras betyder det inte att det blirbättre för operatören. Det är viktigt att se hur förändringen påverkar arbetetombord och att befälen som använder utrustningen har rätt kompetens. Syfteti denna studie är att undersöka svenska sjöbefäls syn på kompetensaspekteninom digitalisering samt hur arbetet med digitalisering sker inom svenskarederier. Metoden för studien är kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer.Resultatet visar att samtliga respondenter ser stora utmaningar ochmöjligheter med digitalisering. Svenska sjöbefäl och svenska redare serpositivt på digitalisering. Respondenterna ser även att utbildningen fördigitalkompetens behöver följa med i den fortskridande digitaliseringen föratt arbetet ombord skall fortsätta vara säkert och effektivt. / Shipping is constantly facing new challenges. One of the biggest challengesfacing the shipping industry today is digitalization. Much of the traditionalequipment on board ships today is digitized and integrated on the bridge.When equipment is digitized it does not mean that it gets better for theoperator. It’s important to see how this affects the work on board and that theofficers have the appropriate competence. This study aims to examineSwedish seafarers&amp;#39; views on the competence aspect in digitization and howthe work on digitization takes place within Swedish shipping companies.This study uses qualitative semi-structured interviews. The result shows thatall respondents see great challenges and opportunities with digitization.Swedish officers and Swedish ship owners are positive about digitization. Allrespondents believe that digital competence needs to follow the fastdeveloping digitalization to ensure that work onboard keeps on being safeand effective.

<p>Uppsatsen belyser invandrade akademikers erfarenheter av Söderhamns kommuns Insteg till Svenskt Arbetsliv, en kurs för att underlätta inträdet på svensk arbetsmarknad samt invandrade akademikers syn på hur de kan få jobb i Sverige. Det är svårt för invandrade akademiker att få arbete som motsvarar deras utbildning.  Metoden för undersökningen har varit semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra invandrade akademiker. Resultatet visade att ISA-kursen gav information om hur man söker jobb i Sverige och hur den svenska arbetsmarknaden fungerar, kontakt med arbetsgivare samt träning i att prata svenska. Resultatet visade att det behövs kurser i svenskt fackspråk och ekonomiskt stöd för att studera svenska på hög nivå. Resultatet överensstämmer med Svenskt Näringslivs åsikt att brist på effektiva utbildningar i svenska gör att Sverige inte kan förvalta hitflyttad välutbildad arbetskraft. Resultatet visar att kommuner behöver fördela rätt kompetens till rätt kommun samt att invandrade akademiker behöver hjälp med kontakter med arbetsgivare. Processen att få ett arbete behöver gå snabbare för att invandrade akademiker inte ska tappa motivation.</p> / <p> </p><p>This thesis explains how academically educated immigrants in Söderhamn, Sweden, have experienced a course aiming to help them enter the Swedish job market. It gives these academically educated immigrants' views on how they can get a job in Sweden. It is difficult for academically educated immigrants to get work in Sweden equivalent to their education. The method used has been semi-structured interviews with four immigrants with academic educations. The result shows that the course gave information about how to apply for a job in Sweden and how the Swedish job market works, contact with Swedish employers and training in speaking Swedish. The result also shows that there is a need for technical language courses in Swedish that gives immigrants the terminology needed to be able to practice their professions in Sweden.  In addition there is a need for financial support to be able to study Swedish at high levels. This result corresponds with the view of Svenskt Näringsliv: There is a lack of effective Swedish courses in Sweden which makes it impossible to make use of highly educated people that move here. Furthermore the result shows that communities in Sweden need to have a better communication and place people with competence to the appropriate community. Finally academically educated immigrants need help in contacting Swedish employers. The process to get a job in Sweden must be quicker or they may lose their motivation to find work in Sweden.</p>