1 |
主機板產業未來經營策略之個案研究劉明雄 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要針對主機板產業的未來發展進行探討。探索在主機板產業的發展固然已漸走向成熟型市場後,仍占有世界市場一半以上的臺灣主機板生產業者,他們將如何持續地維持競爭優勢,並且強化目前既有的優勢以發展出更有利的策略來創造股東與國家財富。本研究的分析是依照Aaker的策略分析架構,從外在環境因素到內在現況分析,期發現個案公司與其競爭對手間,在目前所遇到的困境與難題,發展上的限制與瓶頸。從而了解個案公司何以制定現行的策略,其追求的短期目標與長期目標為何?是否有衝突?最後探討他們如何在既有的機會與本身的優勢下,去發展一套可行的方略,值得同業與高科技產業的學習與效法。
本研究運用個案研究法,分別訪問了個案公司與其競爭對手等三家業者,在策略層面的可能方案,透過受訪者的答覆,我們整理了相關的資料,如報章雜誌的訪問稿、年報、公開說明書、聯合知識庫中有關三家企業的新聞與工業研究院的產業研究報告等。在這些外部資料與內部訪問的結合下,讓本研究得以充分地描繪出個案公司的可行策略並由本研究提出合理的建議。
從個案的探討上讓我們發現,主機板產業的關鍵成功因素為研發人才、技術能力、資金及規模經濟,而個案公司之所以在主機板產業中維持相當良好的競爭地位,也與其具備了良好的通路與行銷能力有極大的關係,且在他與主要競爭對手的互動上,資源整合能力更是個案公司的優勢之一。
|
2 |
國際逆向物流系統設計之研究~以自有品牌主機板廠為例 / Design of motherboard global reverse logistics system林志青, Lin, Michael Unknown Date (has links)
近年來因地球暖化及環境變化,所帶來日益高漲的環保議題,從節能、減碳、無毒的環境要求等,都對企業或個人帶來一定的衝擊,進而產生個人行為的改變及企業策略的再思考。也因此,在以往常不被重視,甚至經常被當成支援性流程來管理,而非主流程的售後服務之逆向物流系統,開始漸漸受到了重視。在則,企業的誕生有不同的優勢及成因來驅動即能產生,而企業是否可持續成長或永續經營,則必須要有好的領導人,加上好的企業文化,從巨觀與微觀中產生相對的創新、品質與服務等來內化成長一個企業。而其中的品質與服務是外部客戶最直接直覺的感受,而企業逆向物流系統的建置與運籌,則與品質與服務有著高度的關聯性。基於上述的原因,逆向物流系統的設計,就成為本論文研究的主題。
本論文透過對一自有品牌主機板廠商的全球維修服務體系,做全新的審視,從客戶需求面及其原系統所面臨的問題與挑戰,加入環保考量,品質成本的回饋與最佳化,及客戶滿意等角度的看法,再透過個案深度訪談與分析,對其原全球售後服務維修體系,從國際據點挑選與建置、服務模式的規劃、全球運籌等面相,提出相關的建議,將其原僅以主機板維修服務功能為主的系統,重新設計成為以逆物流系統思考的主機板逆向物流管理系統。
因台灣主機板產業的市占率為全世界之冠,而自有品牌主機板的商業模式及其維修服務體系,都是透過客戶需求慢慢演變而來,皆無前例可循。本論文研究後的發現,可為主機板廠的逆向物流的系統設計、建置或發展,提出相關的建議。而主機板為電子產品組裝設計中,最具代表性的零組件,了解其相關的逆物流設計後,亦可為其他資訊相關電腦商品的逆物流系統設計,要如何提供更深一層的服務,可做有關的參考。最後,逆物流系統設計不僅能服務客戶,亦能作品質回饋,及滿足未來環保的訴求,甚至延伸新的商業模式,為企業做加值,提升內外部客戶與顧客的滿意。
|
3 |
消費型電腦主機板廠商跨足工業電腦產業市場之服務成效-以A公司為例 / The study on the effectiveness of pioneering to industrial computer market from consumer-oriented computer company陳嘉展, Chen, Michael Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要針對消費型電腦主機板廠商跨入工業電腦嵌入式主機板產業的未來發展進行探討。台灣的工業電腦產業屬於客製化,少量多樣的利基型產業,由於資訊產業的上中下游供應鏈完整,使得台灣廠商具有相對的競爭優勢。工業電腦也由早期的工廠自動化,機器自動化,延伸應用到產業生活自動化及航太,醫療等等的領域,使工業電腦的發展前景相當看好。
但工業電腦嵌入式主機板產業的競爭也越來越激烈,本研究將依照研究者的策略分析架構,從內在現況分析到外在環境因素,期待能夠發現個案公司跨入工業電腦嵌入式主機板將所遇到的困境與難題以及發展上的限制與瓶頸。進而使個案公司得以制訂現行的策略,以期追求的短期目標與長期目標,最後探討如何在既有的機會與本身的優勢下,去發展一套可行的策略方案。
本研究以訪談和問卷調查的方式,分別訪問了對個案公司與其購買產品之廠商等業者,在策略層面的可能方案,透過受訪者的答覆,以及對該業者公司發放的問卷並蒐集之資料,將所有資訊統合整理,讓本研究得以充分的描繪出個案公司的可行策略並由本研究提出可行的建議。
|
4 |
主機板製造廠商策略群組與經營績效關聯性之研究陳學庸, Chen, Hsueh-Yung Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以策略群組(strategic groups)之觀念為核心,檢視我國主機板製造廠商是否存在不同之策略群組,同時並探討不同策略群組在經營績效上之表現。
本研究採用Hofer and Schendel(1978)之「領域」、「資源投入」、「競爭優勢」三個構面發展出24項競爭策略變數,經由因素分析萃取出二個因素構面,再利用層次式集群法對樣本廠商在二項因素構面進行分群。本研究經由上述分析過程得到3個策略群組,並以三者在策略因素構面上的表現分別命名為「前瞻者策略群」、「分析者策略群」及「防禦者策略群」。確認三個策略群組後,接著以無母數統計檢定三策略群組在市場、生產力、財務結構、償債能力、經營能力、獲利能力、現金流量、槓桿度與成長機會等九個經營績效構面上是否有顯著差異,實證結果發現三群組在大多數經營績效變數中均有顯著差異。
由於主機板製造廠商環境變動快速,且其客戶重視產品品質勝於價格,因此強調「外部導向」、顧客滿意度的前瞻者策略群在市場、經營能力與獲利能力等構面之績效最佳,兼具穩定與變化特質的分析者策略群次之,重視成本控制而專注維持穩定產品市場的防禦者策略群則最差。此外,由於前瞻者的理財態度多趨向保守,因而在財務結構、償債能力、現金流量與財務槓桿方面的表現顯得穩健。至於防禦者較佳的固定資產週轉率正好與其較低之營運槓桿相呼應,映證其為維持成本領先地位所作的成本控管。從應收款項週轉率、存貨週轉率與淨營業週期可以得知,防禦者利用與金融機構間的短期融資,並取得較寬鬆的應付帳款支付期限,壓低利息費用,因而產生較低之財務槓桿。
整體而言,前瞻者策略群在九項經營績效構面上表現最佳,因此,在主機板製造廠商中,採行前瞻者策略群的差異化策略,似乎能獲致較佳之經營績效表現。 / Based on the literature on strategic groups, this thesis first investigates the existence of strategic typology among twelve motherboard manufacturers in Taiwan, and then examines the differences in operating performance across strategic groups.
Appeal to three strategic dimensions-scope, resources commitment and competitive advantage, proposed by Hofer and Schendel (1978), twenty-four strategy variables are developed. Employing a factor analysis approach first to extract two factor dimensions, and a hierarchical cluster method followed, three strategic groups are identified. The three strategic groups are named accordingly based upon their features shown on the common factor dimensions: Prospector, Analyzer and Defender respectively. Using a nonparametric statistical method, this thesis empirically tests the cross-group differences in operating performance. The empirical results indicate that there are significant cross-group differences in most of the operating performance dimensions examined in this thesis.
Prospectors, with emphases on external orientation and customer satisfaction, outperform Analyzers and Defenders in the dimensions of market share, activity, and profitability. Defenders, with foci on cost control and stable product market have the lowest performance with aforementioned performance dimensions. Analyzers who put mixed emphasis on both external orientation and stable product market earn the second place in the related performance. With respect to dimensions of financial structure, liquidity, cash flow adequacy, and financial leverage, the findings indicate that Prospectors exhibit a more conservative attitude toward financing activities than Analyzers and Defenders. The results also show that in concert with their strategy in cost leadership, Defenders have higher fixed asset turnover accompanied with lower operating leverage. Defenders are also found to have lower financial leverage through obtaining an extended period of paying their account payables, which in turn reduce their interest expense.
Operating in a turbulent environment, manufacturers in the motherboard industry face customers who value quality more than prices. The empirical results found in this thesis thus suggest that it may be beneficial for participants in the industry to adopt a Prospectors strategy that seems to be able to reap from the product differentiation.
|
5 |
內製外包網路策略之研究-以台灣主機板工業為研究對象 / outsourcing network strategy research about mainboard邱紹群, Chiu, Shao Chan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究第一階段乃是研究者嘗試運用網路組織之概念,針對網路組織定義、特性、興起、形成動機、類型與策略進行文獻探討,並建立網路組織之基本架構。然後再運用此架構,進一步針對外包之特性,建立起外包網路組織之架構。而第二階段研究者便選擇自身欲探討的「主機板工業」進行次級資料的收集、問卷之設計與郵寄,最後並進行部份的訪談,以進行「內製外包」理念的實證研究。
本研究的目的有四:1.收集、分析主機板產業中,廠商在各個「價值活動」中,「自製」、「外包」的現況。2.從主機板產業的「自製」、「外包」現況中,找出「外包」對象的類型。3.找出主機板產業中,引發其「外包」行為的動機。4.整合廠商對於「外包對象」的選擇與「外包動機」,確定此產業中所採行的「外包策略」。
本研究乃以台灣主機板工業的所有廠商為研究對象,並採用問卷郵寄、收集與訪談互相搭配的方法,進行問卷的結果分析。其結論如下:
1.主機板產業中,「機板銷售」、「售後服務」、「應用設計」與「機板測試」等價值活動附加價值較高。因此,主機板廠商比較傾向自製。
2.主機板產業中,「母板設計」、「應用設計」、「製程設計」、「機板組裝」、「機板測試」等價值活動容易影響產品的品質與時效。因此,主機板廠商比較傾向選擇與「固定廠商」合作。至於零組件採購方面,比較傾向採「固定與變動廠商」互相搭配的方式,以保持經營的彈性。
3.主機板產業中,對於外包的動機,則依不同的經營考量與不同的價值活動而有所不同。
4.主機板產業中,對於外包策略的選擇,係以「聯盟策略」與「權變策略」為主。
|
6 |
晶片組元件廠商行銷策略之研究 / The research of Marketing Strategy of Chip-Set Manufacturers丁振鐸, Ting,Chen-Tow Unknown Date (has links)
我國資訊工業自 1976 年起政府大力推動發展, 產值從十餘萬美元至1992 年之七十九億美元, 15年間成長超過三百倍, 但是在 1992年卻有佳佳、國勝、強榜等電腦知名大廠不支倒地, 產業情況這兩年來一直不穩定, 而其中世界知名大廠如 IBM、Compaq等公司更因不景氣而向後整合而威脅台灣原先所佔有之市場, 廠商有必要對產業做一重新之評估以找出自己之定位. 故本研究以個人電腦中之主要零組件主機板及其上之重要元件晶片組為實證研究, 探討晶片組廠商之行銷策略, 並延伸至探討主機板廠商對晶片組廠商行銷策略之評估, 目的希望能提供產業一些資訊, 協助從業人員拓展市場之方向.本研究屬於工業行銷之對偶分析 (Dyadic analysis of Indus- trial Marketing ) 之研究, 前段以台灣現有個人電腦晶片組廠商為研究對象, 了解實際現況並經由統計分析分別找出廠商行銷之方向及策略群組. 後段即針對台灣目前之主機板廠商為研究對象,並以晶片組廠商之行銷策略變數為評估準則, 評估晶片組廠商之策略.研究中發現產業環境及大環境對晶片組廠商訂定行銷策略之影響較大, 另亦發現因為晶片組產業國際分工之屬性明顯而使廠商必須先行確定自己之行銷策略重點再以選擇不同之設計地與生產地來發揮行銷上之競爭優勢. 本研究並利用因素分析分析出廠商行銷策略之方向重點, 分別為生產優勢形象、技術整合能力、行銷手段方法、設計能力優勢、專注特殊市場等五點, 其中以生產優勢形象最受廠商重視. 本研究又將廠商分成技術服務、生產開發、目標導向等三個行銷策略組群, 分別描述廠商之策略方向. 本研究並將廠商之行銷策略與主機板廠商評估方向作一相對性之比較, 使晶片組廠商更能了解自己如何配合本身之條件、目標及外在之環境而訂定出最適合之行銷策略.
|
7 |
非領導廠商之競爭策略分析-以台灣主機板產業為例李思逸, Li , Szu-yi Unknown Date (has links)
根據相關學術理論,當產業進入成熟期,市場逐漸飽和,成長減緩;加上產品規格趨於標準化,廠商的競爭將日趨激烈,不僅價格競爭壓力變大,在產業領導者大者恆大的趨勢下,不具競爭優勢的小廠商將面臨被淘汰出局的困境。因此對身處成熟型產業的非領導廠商而言,競爭策略的選擇將是關乎其後續存亡的重要關鍵因素。
因此本研究以探討非領導廠商之競爭策略,期透過本研究結果對廠商提出具體策略擬定建議。研究問題為:(1)面臨產業劇烈變動,非領導廠商將採取的競爭策略為何;(2)各廠商採取不同競爭策略的影響因素為何?
針對以上之問題,本研究以台灣主機板產業為例,採個案研究法進行相關研究,研究結果發現,非領導廠商在資源與條件較差的劣勢下,應盡量避免與大廠正面競爭,此時廠商可能採行的策略包括發展差異化策略、或進入利基市場,以避開或減低大廠注意;甚至轉型進入其他產業,採行多角化策略,尋求新的生存空間。
其中最重要的關鍵在於,競爭策略是一動態的調整過程,無論廠商發展何種策略,必須高度注意產業變化,並善用非領導廠商本身的靈活度與彈性,以快速調整適當的因應策略。
除此之外,低成本將不是競爭優勢的來源,而是必要的生存條件,在條件足夠的情況下,廠商應即早將生產活動外移至製造成本較低的地區;若本身規模不足,則可考慮委外生產,將資源集中於其他有利的價值活動上。
|
8 |
資訊產業經營策略與績效之分析研究-以個案公司為例李聰榮 Unknown Date (has links)
資訊工業為我國及世界各國未來最重要的經濟活動,它有許多特殊的屬性,與傳統產業大不相同。本研究的動機,是希望對本國資訊產業的生態作一番深入的瞭解;其次選擇一經營績效卓越的之個案公司,剖析其經營策略及國內資訊產業的關鍵成功因素為何,進一步探討其對於管理上的策略涵意,作為後續研究者參考的依據;最後緣於目前快速變化的產業趨勢,過去成功的經營模式,在未來能否保有持續的競爭優勢,或者必須有所調整做一番檢視。
本研究的研究架構係採用Aaker的理論架構來進行內外在分析與策略規劃。整個研究架構分為四個階段:一、首先進行內外在分析,以界定存在於外在環境中的機會與威脅,以及該產業關鍵成功因素,並了解個案公司所具備之優劣勢。二、根據以上分析。歸納出該公司所面臨的問題。三、擬定數個可行的策略,在該策略下擬定公司的根本策略、競爭策略與營運策略,然後依照適當的準則予以評估與選擇。四、根據選擇的策略方案,擬出與之配合的組織結構與功能性政策,再依據這些執行的指導原則,訂出各種短、中、長期的行動計劃。
本研究經過對策略理論與資訊產業相關研究的文獻探討,並在完成以上四個階段的分析與策略規劃後,提出研究結論以及對個案公司、相關業者、後續研究的建議。
|
9 |
後 PC 時代高科技公司發展策略之研究-以技嘉科技為例 / The Development Strategy of High-technology Company in Post-PC Era-The Case Study of Gigabyte Technology陳以涵 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究採用個案研究法以主機板產業的公司–技嘉科技作為個案公司,再廣泛蒐集次級資料及深度訪談個案公司高階主管。接著,使用PEST、五力分析、價值鏈分析和SWOT分析層層由外部到內部來找出轉型策略的方向。
研究建議認為技嘉單單靠主機板為主要獲利來源是相當危險的。物聯網的成長是目前科技產業相互爭食的大餅,根據技嘉的核心能力和價值鏈的綜效,投入工業電腦是可行的方向。
個案公司為主機板的龍頭公司,且現今大多高科技公司面對後PC時代,有將掀起另一波群雄割據,要如何積極轉型,可作為其他相關產業工作為參考。
|
10 |
我國廠商製程創新活動之整合性探討 / The process innnovation of firms in Taiwan黃怡芳, Yi-Fang Huang Unknown Date (has links)
處於競爭激烈、產品生命週期短暫和快速變動的時代裡,製程創新活動成為廠商競爭優勢的關鍵因素之一。Pisano(1995)研究指出廠商藉由製程創新活動來強化競爭優勢,包括:加速產品上市時間、加快爬坡速度、提高使用者接受性、強化專利產品地位等,其他學者也認為廠商應該重視製程創新活動,以因應未來的環境趨勢。國內製造業向來以製造能力見長於國際舞台,近年來半導體產業和資訊電子產業的表現更顯示廠商優異的製造實力。儘管如此,有關這方面的研究仍然非常少,因此本研究的目的是探討我國廠商製程創新活動之重要關鍵因素,期望能對這方面進行較為整體性的分析。
根據技術創新相關理論,本研究以技術網路、人員、組織和制度四構面探討半導體產業和主機板產業製程創新活動之重要因素和差異性,所得到的研究發現如下:
1. 製程創新活動可區分為四類型:獨立型、依賴型、主導型和協調型。獨立型廠商傾向於獨自開發新製程技術,依賴型廠商則傾向於透過技術網路提升製程技術水準;在對內和對外的製程創新活動上主導型廠商的整合能力較強,協調型廠商則較弱。
2. 不同製程創新類型有不同的製程知識來源。在來源方面,半導體產業(流程產業)顯示出較集中的現象,主機板產業(非流程產業)則顯得較分散。
3. 與設備供應商的互動關係為製程創新活動之重要影響因素,不同類型的廠商與設備供應商的互動關係不同。
4. 主機板廠商(非流程產業)藉由製程知識輸出來提高外包廠商的製程品質,製程創新程度越高的廠商與外包廠商的關係越密切。
5. 人員的技術和經驗為製程創新活動中重要的因素之一,半導體廠商(流程產業)特別強調研發人員的量產經驗。
6. 製程創新程度越高,廠商的製程技術單位之主導權越大。
7. 製程創新程度越高,廠商越傾向於設立製程技術協調單位。
目錄 / Abstract
In highly competitive, short product life cycle and quickly changing environment, process innovation is one of a firm’s key competitive advantages. Pisano & Wheelwright (1995) consider that firms which do their best in process innovation can enhance their competitive advantages, including shortening time to market, increasing ramp-up speed, enhancing users’ acceptance, increasing product’s patent status and so on. Hayes & Wheelwright (1984) point out the concept of manufacturing strategy, consider that firms should escalate the role of the manufacturing division to decision-making on top management level, and claim that competitive advantages which are based on manufacturing capabilities will direct the decision-making process of marketing and engineering in future. To catch up adaptability for the trend of the future environment, other scholars also suggest that firms should actively make efforts to execute process innovation activities.
Manufacturing firms in Taiwan display their manufacturing competence on international status, especially in IC industry and in information technology industry. Therefore, Taiwan is always named as “manufacture kingdom”. In the past, industrial firms’ process innovation is mainly thinking about employing cheaper labors and buying newer equipment. However, now they pay more attention to research and develop process technology, to enhance production process integration capabilities, to increase production flexibility and so on. For example, TSMC and UMC in Taiwan have more advanced process technology, which is about at the same technological level as IC industrial leading firms oversea. Their advanced process technology not only creates many benefits but also drives the development of other related industries. Their success shows us that process innovation will bring firms continuously high growing rate and take long-run competitive advantages.
By forgoing observation, this paper wishes to discover what makes Taiwan the manufacturing kingdom and how do firms increase process advantages and execute process innovation activities. So the purpose of this paper is to find out what influences a firm’s performance of process innovation and how foregoing factors affect new process innovation and existing process innovation. Utterback (1994) finds assembled product and non-assembled product have different characteristics in innovation activities. Skinner (1992) explores how stakeholders are within their cognizance about a firm’s process innovation, and finds that there are different focuses between process industry and non-process industry. Therefore, this paper will go further to study how foregoing factors influence process performance in process industry and in non-process industry.
According to some related technology innovation theories and innovation theories, this paper is conducted based on four key dimensions: technology network, people, structure and management. Then, this paper infers some important items of forgoing dimensions from past studies to build the research framework of the paper. These items in technology network dimension are equipment suppliers, material and component suppliers, satellite factories, group/strategic leaguer/consumer and research institutions. In people dimension, this paper mainly wants to explore how personnel’s skills and experience influence process performance. Structure dimension contains three items, which are organizational structure, task allocation and strategy. This paper lists important items in management dimension, including rewarding system, training & education, information system and coordination mechanism.
Because related studies in the past explore only a part of process innovation, this paper employs case study to examine process innovation more systematically and completely. To explore a firm’s process innovation of high-tech industry in Taiwan, this paper chooses four IC manufacturing firms (process industry) and four motherboard firms (non- process industry) as research samples, which have better performance than others in their industry. Moreover, this paper classifies these samples into four groups according to the industrial characteristics and the process innovation level. In the field of IC industry (process industry), Fab-T and Fab-U are famous for advanced process technology and continuous research on advanced process technology. So this paper explores the development of the new process technology in Fab-T and Fab-U, and the improvement of existing process technology in Fab-M and Fab-K. In the field of motherboard industry, MB-A is the only motherboard firm in Taiwan, which has process patents in Taiwan now. And MB-G actively executes process innovation recently, including package and product vibrating tests. So this paper properly classifies MB-A and MB-G as a group with higher process innovation level, and explores their advanced process innovation activities. Then MB-T and MB-E are classified as lower process innovation on lower level group, and this paper explores how they improve existing process innovation.
By a series of analysis about primary and secondary data of eight firms, the conclusions of this paper are:
1. There are four types in process innovation: Independent Firms, Dependent Firms, Directing Firms and Coordinating Firms. In IC industry, the Independent Firms almost develops new process innovation alone; the Dependent Firms tend to properly aided by members of technology network to enhance process innovation level. In motherboard industry, the Directing Firms have stronger relationship with menders of process innovation activities, which actively respond to the process technology unit, the Coordinating Firms have weaker relationship.
2. Different types in process innovation have different sources of process-related knowledge. The sources of IC Firms are more convergent, however the sources of motherboard firms are more divergent.
3. One of the key factors in process innovation is equipment suppliers, with which different types have different interaction.
4. Motherboard firms actively enhance the production quality of satellite factories through process knowledge output. Motherboard firms with higher process innovative level have more closely cooperating relation with their satellite factories.
5. The people is one of the key factors in process innovation. IC firms put more emphasis on the mass-production experience of engineers.
6. Whether it is in IC industry (process industry) or in motherboard industry (non-process industry), firms with higher process innovation level tend to give the process technology unit more power to integrate activities among different departments.
7. Whether it is in IC industry (process industry) or in motherboard industry (non-process industry), firms with higher process innovation level tend to set up the technology coordination unit.
Finally, this paper has some advises from forgoing conclusions, and wishes to efficiently enhance a firm’s performance and production yields. These advises are:
1. The Depending Firms should do their best to improve relations with members of technology network.
2. To efficiently use resources and to increase performance in short terms, the first thing of the Coordinating Firms should do is to enhance process capabilities, instead of building good cooperative relation with members of technologic network.
3. Firms should set up a special technology-coordinating unit, which can efficiently increase interaction among different departments.
4. Firms should give more power to the process technology unit, so that it can cooperate with other departments more efficiently.
|
Page generated in 0.0176 seconds