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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

股票市場與匯率動態調整

簡美瑟, JIAN, MEI-SE Unknown Date (has links)
自1976年Dornbusch 發展〞Expectations and Exchange Rate Dyuamics 〞一文 以來,匯率的動態調整一直是近年來國際金額領域中受人囑目的一個問題。許多學者 從各種不同觀點來討論匯率的動態調整,而最近,更逐漸注意到股票市場在匯率調整 中所扮演的角色。在眾多文獻中,朱美麗、曹添旺曾建立一個包括股票市場的小型開 放體系模型來討論匯率、股價和產出等經濟變數受到外生干擾時之調整路徑。 本文修正了朱美麗、曹添旺的模型,進一步加入匯率變動的貨幣效果,試圖討論在本 國採取擴張的財政政策和貨幣政策二種不同政策時,如何影響股價、匯率以及產出的 均衡值和動態調整過程。而文中所採用的模型,假設:(一)國內外財貨價格固定; (二)二人民能夠完全預期;(三)國內外債券可完全替代,也就是「利率平價說」 能夠成立;(四)國內物價水準為國內外財貨本國價格的加權平均數,因此匯率的變 動會產生銀根緊縮或放鬆的效果。 在討論過程中,我們發現,此體系在財政和貨幣政策變動衝擊下,可能為一個穩定的 體系,也可能產生馬鞍調整型態的不穩定體系。其中對於穩定體系,我們探取數值分 析方式加以進一步討論,對於馬鞍型態的不穩定體系,我們分析的結果,得到下列幾 點結論: (一)採取擴張的財政政策時- 1.產出、股價均衡值會提高,匯率則下跌;而匯率下跌產生的銀根放鬆效果會削弱 財政政策對產出和股價的影響力,且體系愈開放其影響力愈小。 2.匯率會產生反向調整現象;而股價則有過度調整和調整不足二種情形。 (二)採取擴張的貨幣政策時- 1.產出、股價均衡值增加,匯率可能上升或下跌。 2.考慮匯率變動的貨幣效果時,在匯率上升會產生銀根緊縮效果使貨幣政策效果會 被削弱;反之,在匯率下跌時,產生銀根放鬆效果,會加強政策效果。 3.匯率產生過度調整、反向調整和調整不足三種情形;股價則僅有調整不足和過度 調整二種情形。
2

資本不完全移動,股價與匯率之動態調整

翁永和, WENG, YONG-HE Unknown Date (has links)
Dornbusch (1976)〞Expectations and Exchange Rete Dynamics〞 一文發表 後,匯率的過度調整現象就成為學者們爭相研究的主題。而最近,學者們更進一步將 股票市場引入,使模型更加完整,其中以朱美麗、曹添旺(1987)一文為最。 本文修正朱美麗、曹添旺(1987)的模型,並假設資本不完全移動、債券不完全 替代,來探討非預期的擴張性貨幣政策及外國利率上升對匯率、股價與產出的影響。 在推論過程中,我們發現,體系受到衝擊後,可能為一穩定體系也可能為馬鞍調整型 的不穩定體系。在此,我們採用電腦數這分析來討論穩定體系的情況,並對衝擊後變 數之行進路徑作模擬,而馬鞍不穩定體系的情況,並對衝擊後變數之行進路徑作模擬 ,而馬鞍不穩定體系的情況可歸納以下幾點結論: 不穩定體系的情況可歸納以下幾點結論: (一)擴張性貨幣政策: 1.長期而言,產出與股價的均衡值上升,而匯率之升貶未定。 2.短期而言,匯率與股價會產生過度調整、反向調整與調整石足等三種情形。 (二)外國利率上升: 1.長期而言,產出的均衡值上升,而匯率與股價之漲跌未定。 2.短期而言,股價產生下跳型與上跳型之調整不足二種情形,而匯率則有過度調整 、反向調整與調整不足等三種情形。
3

日治時期臺灣女性的美容 / The Female Beauty during Japanese Colonial Period

顏儀婷 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著日治時期的開始,臺灣的社會與文化都受到日本相當多的影響,而女性文化中的美容自然也包含在內。透過報紙與雜誌等的宣傳與指導,能將日本的美容保養方式與女性妝容流行趨勢傳入臺灣,除了建立相關衛生觀念與意識之外,更讓臺灣女性了解到美容是需要依照個人膚質情況的不同,而選用適合的產品來使用,如此一來才是保持美麗的根本之道。另一方面,日治時期所展示的化妝方式,說明化妝是可以用來修飾膚色與臉型的一種美容效果,若再搭配季節與場合的不同化妝手法,就能讓女性妝容與美容方式有更多元樣貌的呈現。 在近代化的發展之下,隨著醫學與科學的日益進步,日治時期也將有關健康美的意識與概念傳遞給臺灣女性知道,女性健康美的需求也因此日益增加,並有了進一步的認識。所以美麗不光只是由外在的保養與化妝方式來增添女性的美麗風采而已,擁有健康的身體機也是相當重要的,反而能讓美麗由內散發出來,女性的美麗進而能持久並維持健康。隨著女性邁入職場機會的增加,為了符合社會禮儀的需求,化妝成為女性出社會的禮儀表現,並且能夠透過化妝展現出女性專業與自信的一面。另一方面,在都市化與近代化的推進下,摩登女孩的新穎容貌成為當時的潮流,呈現出女性的自我意識提升與時代的特色。另外,醫學的進步使外科手術漸漸發展到女性美容的層面,女性的容貌因此可以透過整型來改善先天的缺陷或是不完美的部分,讓美容整型成為女性追求美麗的新選擇。 關鍵字:日治時期、美容、保養、化妝、衛生、健康美、摩登女孩、整型
4

自然美的神話:論小資女面容的微整型 / The myth of natural beauty: on the cosmetic surgery of Xiao-Zi-Nu (young working females)

許之瑜 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討小資女的微整型風潮,主要由兩大部分構成全文。第一部分是藉由台灣美容歷史的梳理,凸顯1990年代後由醫學主導的美容場域所塑造出的自然美神話。這神話使得選擇微整型實作的個人從自我認同到人際互動,多少都承載著自然美的價值去展演、觀看。透過訪談,本文進而揭示以微整型為日常保養的小資女,當她們在職場中從面試到工作與團體相處時,是如何發揮那隱而不見的「針」功夫,又如何以各種互動和對話技巧規避他人對自我外貌變化的猜疑。此外,本文也指出小資女身處在美容資訊隨處可見、選擇看似無窮的環境中,其個人決定如何在社會凝視下擺盪。應用Goffman的戲劇互動論,本文指出她們在職場上的儀式行為,尤其探問到在不同職場文化中的自我如何已經成為可以彈性形塑並要求改變的符號-物,甚至連同服裝及儀容也必須轉換為應當的儀式表達。   第二部分則是從自然美神話裡的矛盾元素去探究醫療細微化的科技視野下所呈現的當代生活。透過訪談,本文初步揭示女性在神話結構當中對於自然美的渴求,並且藉由微整型實作完成神話的矛盾要素。應用Baudrillard的消費社會觀,本文指出當女性在尋求差異以強調自我獨特性時,卻正相反地在迎合社會的共同性價值。此處除了小資女的自我敘述之外,本文也結合理論文獻及二手資料進階探究自然美形塑過程的三大面向,亦即物質技術、廣告消費和數位微整型。首先,我們基於物質、技術與醫師經驗等三個判準,將當前四大微整型技術劃出一條自然光譜。其次,我們從醫美診所的廣告文宣,梳理其中針對微整形技術的自然主張,了解業者的自然宣稱及消費者的自然認知。第三,我們還探討了電腦技術下的數位修圖以便凸顯出微整形的自然美意涵。從數位攝影的普及到網路平台的展演,我們在數位自拍與修圖等虛擬真實的媒介實作中探索自然美神話的疆界。 / This research comprised of two parts studies the emerging trend of cosmetic surgery practiced by young working females in Taiwan. In the first part, a short history of cosmetic practices is outlined to mark the formation of a myth of natural beauty since medical science and technology dominated the traditional field of cosmetic practices in the late 1990s. The myth makes the individual who has gone through cosmetic surgery carry the value of natural beauty while regarding one’s self-identity and performing in social interactions. Through in-depth interviews, the study shows that these young working females who have made cosmetic surgery an integral part of their daily beauty maintenance tend to exercise subtle strategies (art or kung-fu) of simulation, acting and interacting as if their beauty were all natural and real beyond suspicion at work-related situations. In addition, our study finds that personal decisions struggle constantly with the injunction of the social value (of natural beauty) as these young females are exposed to an excessive array of beauty information and surgery options. With resort to Goffman's theory of dramaturgical interaction, this study reveals some interaction rituals performed in different workplaces by these young working females. As a result, the individual self has itself become a sign-object malleable to change along with proper ways of clothing and grooming. The second part proceeds to explore contemporary living under the miniaturized purview of medical technology through the contradictory elements embodied in the myth of natural beauty. Once again drawing on in-depth interviews, the study reveals the female desire of natural beauty derived from the mythical structure, as well as their practices of cosmetic surgery which further realizes those contradictory elements in reproducing the myth. By applying Baudrillard’s theory of the consumer society, this study indicates that the more women intend to stress on their unique selves by marking out individual differences, the more they unintentionally cater to the common value of our society. In this regard, our study, apart from the self reports of interviewees, also combines theoretical discourses and secondary data to further explore the natural beauty process in its three main aspects, which might be termed as the cosmetic surgery of the material (technique), the representational (advertising) and the digital (social media). First, we delineate a spectrum of naturalism for the four major techniques of cosmetic surgery based on substance, technology and experience of the physician. Second, we examine the clinical claims and the consumer perceptions of nature shaped by advertising images and slogans circulated in the beauty industry. Third, we observe the trend of digital retouching with computer technology to sharpen the meaning of natural beauty in the practice of cosmetic surgery. From the relay of digital photography to the display of internet platform, we explore the mythical frontier of natural beauty by witnessing the digital retouching of selfies as a mediatory practice of virtual reality.
5

履約價格可調整之認購權證研究--財務工程之應用 / The research of strike price adjustable warrants - the application of financial engineering

謝文雄, Hsieh, Wen-Hsiung Unknown Date (has links)
自 1997 年 9 月起,證券商開始獲准發行認購權證,由於證券商發行認購權證的時機與選擇標的物之不當,造成許多投資人之虧損,而機構投資人也多採取觀望態度,加上主管機關對於發行者在法令及課稅上的限制,導致整個認購權證市場交易冷清,未能發揮認購權證應有的避險功能。而本文所研究之可調整型(Adjustable)認購權證,是屬於新型的認購權證,此產品可以在契約內容中規定,在認購權證發行之後,若標的物證券之價格在一定期限之內,標的股價跌破原股價的某一比例(h),可以將履約價格(Strike Price)向下調整某一比例(l),以避免造成認購權證在剛推出不久,就因為標的物價格大跌,而使得投資人蒙受損失。相較於一般的認購權證,「可調整型」認購權證可以造成投資人獲利機會的保障增加、發行者權利金收益增加,並且因此使得衍生性金融市場更加活絡,造成三贏的局面。 Cox, Ross and Rubinstein(1979)提出二項評價模式,其利用風險中立 ( Risk Neutral ) 的論點,以間斷的股價過程代替 Black-Scholes(1973) 模式所假設的連續股價隨機過程,本文研究之「可調整型」認購權證之評價模式,以二項評價模式為出發點,利用此模式在一些特定的限制條件之下,配合路徑決定型選擇權、界線選擇權之概念,對「可調整型」認購權證做出合理的評價,另外,本研究以 Matlab 程式語言,撰寫出「可調整型」認購權證的價格,並使用模擬(Simulation) 的方式,探討「可調整型」認購權證的特性及避險方式與效果,以期提供券商、一般企業及投資者最佳的避險及獲利管道,其主要結果如下: 1.在評價「可調整型」認購權證時,時間間隔(Time Step)愈大時,電腦計算的時間效率愈差,若 Time Step 大於 80 時,其價格差異性會低於百分之二。 2.h 與「可調整型」認購權證價格呈正向變動關係,l 與「可調整型」認購權證價格呈反向變動關係。本文條件之下,h 落於 0.6-0.8 之間、l 落於 0.4-0.6 之間,對於「可調整型」認購權證價格之影響最大。 3.「可調整型」認購權證與一般型認購權證的差價比例,隨波動率增加而增加。 4.隨波動率之增加,一般型認購權證之 vega 值有大於「可調整型」認購權證 vega 值的趨勢。 5.在利用 delta 避險策略之下,以獲利金額來看,波動率大之股票較適合發行「可調整型」認購權證,波動率小之股票較適合發行一般型認購權證。 因為「可調整型」認購權證目前在台灣並沒有實證資料,因此無法評估本文模型之價格與實際價格之誤差,未來若出現此新金融商品時,可以評估理論與實際之差異。本文中並未探討利率對於「可調整型」認購權證之影響,後續研究可以討論利率之變動對於此新型認購權證之影響。 / From September 1997,the SEC permits warrants listing in Taiwan's security market. Because of the improper issuing timing and inappropriate underlying assets, many investors get great loss in warrant investment. Besides, many other restrictions from the government make the warrants market more inactive, and then the warrants cannot proper the hedging market. Researching the strike price adjustable warrants is this thesis subject. This innovative warrant allows the strike price(K) adjusting to lK(0<l<1), when the price of underlying asset is lower than the barrier(hS). This article studies the pricing model and hedging strategies of adjustable warrants. The pricing of the adjustable warrants uses some option pricing formulae, like the binomial option pricing model、path-dependent options、barrier options. This article uses Matlab language to price the adjustable warrants, and then uses simulation method to discuss the characteristics and the hedging strategies of the adjustable warrants. Following are the results: 1.When pricing the adjustable warrants, the more time step we choice, the more computer pricing time we get. If the time step is more than 80, the price difference is less than 2%. 2.Toward adjustable warrants(AW) price, h has the positive effect and l has the negative effect. When 0.6<h<0.8 and 0.4<l<0.6 , the AW price has the most sensitivity. 3.As the volatility raising, the difference from AW price and plain vanilla warrant price will become greater. 4.As the volatility raising, the vega of plain vanilla warrant will become greater than the vega of AW. 5.Using the delta hedge, from the profit aspect, high volatility stock is suitable for AW and low volatility stock is suitable for plain vanilla warrant. Because there are no practical information of AW in Taiwan's warrant market, so we cannot evaluate the pricing error form our model. If this kind of product enters the market in the future, we can compare difference of AW between theoretical and empirical price.

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