研究機構 Gartner 於2010 年10 月評選出未來一年的十大策略科 技與趨勢供企業作為策略擬定時的重要參考。Gartner 所謂的策略科 技，指的是非常具有潛力的科技，能在未來三年明顯的影響企業。而 今年選出的十大策略科技第一名就是：雲端運算(Cloud Computing)。 另外根據 Gartner 的統計，2011 年第一季全球手機終端銷售量達 到4 億2,780 萬支，較上年同季成長19%。智慧型手機的市場表現持 續勝過其他行動通訊裝置，近來競爭日趨激烈的中階智慧型手機市場 將帶動智慧型手機更為普及，並加速此一趨勢。此可以看出，這種新 一代智慧行動裝置已深深的影響我們的日常生活。 目前，我們算是處在新一代智慧行動裝置與雲端運算發展的初世 代，但這些新的技術和概念正逐步影響人類的生活方式與改變企業的 未來發展。面對這些重大的外在競爭條件改變，本研究試圖探討一向 保守的銀行業是否有採用雲端運算或服務的意願？若有意願，那銀行 業會偏好運用私有雲、公有雲或是混合雲呢？又如果有一個好的公有 雲端服務概念，銀行業會考慮加入或利用這樣的公有雲嗎？是否會基 於智慧型手機的熱銷與普及，慎重考慮將智慧手機行動銀行這樣的服 務與公有雲端服務結合等問題。 本研究主要係針對雲端運算的發展現況及在銀行業的實務應用 趨勢作一深入分析，並透過與八位銀行業界高階資訊主管的深入訪 談，探討保守的金融服務業是否有採用行動化與雲端化結合之智慧手 機行動銀行雲端服務之可行性。

雲端運算帶來商機，同時也產生經營挑戰，各種雲端服務於眾說紛[雲]或各自表述的狀況下，從界定雲端服務內容、產業分析、科技發展、產品生命週期、新市場機會及個案公司營運…等方向探討後，提出系統整合商T公司如何有方法來選擇新市場機會，及明確的定位其因應雲端的策略。 協助T公司持續於競爭的產業鏈下，以白地策略來分辨新市場機會及提出可能的雲端運算新商業模式建議。 / Cloud computing brings not only business opportunities but also managerial challenges. All kinds of cloud computing vary in defining the cloud service, industry analysis, technology development, production life cycle, new market opportunities, T company business direction …and etc. By considering all topics, we will provide a system solution to assist T company locating the stand, making cloud market strategy, and finding their way in a right direction. Under keen challenges from the supply chain and apply white space strategy, we will continuously assist T company discovering new market opportunities and providing suggestions for new business models with potential cloud computing.

雲端運算是近來全世界最熱門的資訊議題，任何設備只要能夠連上網路，就可以享有各種不同的網路服務，這些服務可能建置在不同的機器設備上，甚至可能在相隔遙遠的雲端裡，因此也稱之為雲端服務，在操作過程中，使用者不需要擔心服務安裝在哪裡，亦不用擔心服務如何達成，可想而知網路服務的背後，隱藏著很複雜的技術與架構。 網路服務的開發方式相當地簡單且快速，為系統帶來更大的便利與彈性，不過在管理的部份，卻變得越來越複雜，例如不易瞭解網路的結構與狀態、潛在的無窮迴圈及冗餘的流程問題，甚至是在資源共享的情況下，因等待或其他因素而導致死結的情況產生。這些問題將使得網路服務組合在執行時期，可能發生無法預期的錯誤。情況嚴重時，系統可能會完全鎖死或停止，對公司將造成重大的財務及商譽上的損失。這些流程的問題，需要在網路服務組合執行前先進行驗證，本研究透過流程轉換成派翠網路的分析，以確保流程設計的正確性與穩定性。 因此，本論文運用網路服務標準，將雲端服務轉換成派翠網路模型，再以派翠網路中的針織法為分析基礎，檢驗模型的狀態，避免死結發生，並提供網路特徵報告書，以降低管理的複雜度，進而提升服務的穩定性。 / Cloud computing is regarded as the most popular recent ICT topic. Any equipment which can be connected to Internet can provide its user have the access to the various services, which may be built on different machines, or even may exist in the distant 'clouds' far away. However, in the operating process, the user has no need to worry where the service locates, needless to say how the service operates, which means that a considerably amount of data and techniques hide behind the Web service. Web service is an artifical piece of art, the user and the manager can concatenate several Web services online into a bigger one according to the conditions they need, which is a considerably simple and fast developing method bringing more convenience and flexibility for the system. Nonetheless, the managerial part also becomes more complex in problems like potential infinite loops and abundant procedures, for instance. What is worse is under the circumstance of resource sharing, the deadlocks happen while pending or other factors occur. These issues will lead to severe errors while the Web service compound operates. If the system completely locks and stops, serious financial damage and loss of commercial reputation will be caused to the company. Hence the design of procedures needs to be validated and transformed as Petri Net analysis before the Web service compound operates in order to assure the accuracy and stability of the procedure design. Therefore, this paper uses Web service standards, turning Web services into Petri Net models with knitting technique as analytical base, to validate the accuracy and stability of the model to avoid deadlock to happen in order to enhance the reliability of the service.

計算、儲存與傳輸技術自60年代就一直引領資通訊科技(Information and Communication Technology；ICT)產業的發展，隨著ICT技術不斷的創新與擴散，現今ICT產品已經廣泛溶入人類的經濟和社會生活中。近年來，ICT產業已成為全球最具活力、規模最大的產業之一。可預期的未來，資通訊科技將會是牽動全球經濟發展最重要的產業技術。 台灣資通訊產業製造鏈相當完整，但是在全球ICT產業供應鏈的分工體系中大部份偏重在專業代工領域。面臨代工利潤的下滑，台灣ICT代工產業的前景已亮起嚴重的警訊。台灣產業在提供雲端運算服務的起步較晚，雲端運算服務市場的後進者如何從以ICT代工產業的角色轉進高附加價值的雲端運算服務市場，探討雲端運算服務市場的先行領導者之策略佈局將是相關後進者值得研究的議題。本研究將從通訊科技及電腦技術的演進來探究ICT提供雲端運算服務的本質，並藉由分析提供雲端運算服務之市場領導廠的策略佈局，探討初入雲端運算產業的後進者可行的佈局方向。藉此，希望能有助於雲端運算產業後進者對雲端運算服務更進一步的理解，並有助於ICT代工相關業者能在既有的技術下釐定發展策略，朝高附加價值雲端運算服務的方向邁進。 此外，台灣ICT硬體代工產業多年來因專注於製造的專業，對買者需求面資訊的探討不多，亦較忽視對客戶的售後支援與服務等的專業。對雲端服務市場而言，買者的需求是業者能否提供完善雲端服務的最重要資訊。對提供雲端服務者而言，目前企業大多已疲於追求外顯成本的效益（Cost Down），對於釐定整體行銷策略的努力則稍有些不足。本研究將從策略行銷中4C分析理論出發，針對雲端運算買者的觀點與看法，提出雲端服務供應企業較為完整的行銷策略分析。研究中也將藉由4C策略行銷的資訊搜集、道德危機、及專屬陷入資產之成本分析，來分析一般企業較為忽略的內顯成本。文中並進一步探討如何使用策略行銷4C的理論，來探究雲端服務供應企業是否進入雲端市場之決策參考的基礎。 本研究將探討全球大廠IBM與HPQ公司從硬體開發轉型至雲端服務的策略與過程，提供雲端運算服務後進業者的參考，藉此希望能協助企業有方向性與策略性的在未來雲端運算市場中佔有商機，擺脫長久低利代工的命運。相信，本研究之成果將可為企業未來發展全球化雲端服務的經營企圖，建立紮實的研究基礎。 / Computing, storage and communication technology keep leading Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development since 1960. Due to the innovation and diffusion of ICT, the ICT products have broadly dissolved in our economic and social life. Recently, ICT industry has already become the most vigorous and largest one in the world. In future, ICT is anticipated to be the most important technology, which keeps affecting the global economy development. Taiwan’s supply chain for the ICT industry overall is quite intact, but the majority corporates are focus on the OEM/ODM roles. For the gradually reduced profit got as playing the OEM/ODM’s roles in the ICT industry supply chain, Taiwan’s enterprises have sensed the warning message for their perspect due to the low profit return. Comparing with other countries, Taiwan’s industry entering the cloud computing industry is late. As one of the new comer for the cloud computing service industry, knowing how to transform the current ICT role (OEM/ODM) to be one of the high-value-added cloud computing service players, the leading enterprise’s strategic planning history will be a good cases study for those late new comers. This research starts from the technology history study of ICT to find out the essence of the cloud computing service, and also by studying the strategic planning of the cloud computing service market leaders to provide the proper strategic planning suggestion for the new comers. Look forwarding this research to help the new comers of the cloud computing industry to catch more global business management idea about this industry, and also can help the current ICT players based on what they owned competence to well plan the strategy for marching towards the higher-value-added clouds computing service industries. Moreover, in the past, for most of the ICT corporates for years are more focusing on the manufactureing compenetence than pre-study the buyers’ needs, and also focusing on the product launch than pays the needed efforts on watching the after-market needed sustaining activities. For the cloud computing service market, due to catch the buyer’s need will be crical and decides whether a supplier can provide the needed services or not. For years, most of the suppliers are more focusing on the cost-down activities than with less strategic planning approach method for the market. This research will base on the strategic marking 4C theory, from the buyer’s view of points, to provide the corporation more complete strategic marking analysis foundation. This research will also from the strategic marketing 4C analysis coverd topics: information collection, normal hazard, asset specificity cost point of view to study most the corporation neglect the hidden exchange costs. It will also go further study by using the strategic marketing analysis 4C theory to practice the decision making criteria as a method for a corporation evaluating whether to enter the cloud computing service market business or not. This research will do the case study of two global corporations, IBM and HPQ. Their strategic planning and the transformation from the hardware developers to be the cloud service suppliers are closer than others for those hardware makers planning entering the cloud computing business to reference. Look forward this research assisting certain enterprises directionally and strategically get the cloud computing business and get rid of the destiny for running the low-profit business as the OEM/ODM roles. Believe the result of research can bring the different view and needed foundation for Taiwan’s enterprises to develop their strategic business plan for entering the cloud computing business.

There were many technical events held in 2017, like 2017 COMPUTEX, Google I/O, Microsoft Design Forum…etc., and Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most concerned and hottest topics in these events. There is no doubt that in the next few years, AI technology and its further developments will be the major focus in the science and technology industry. As AI technology brings in a lot of new applications and develops commercial values, for the server industry and corresponding supply chain, it will lead to a new wave and benefit the whole ecosystem. Although the growth rate of desktop and laptop computer slows down and smartphone market starts to saturate, the demand for data processing and computing continues to grow. Large datacenter, server hardware and cloud applications supported at the back-end could still keep their momentum of growth. Taiwan-based original design manufacturers (ODMs) maintain a stable growth rate in 90% of the worldwide server manufacturing and many new business models evolved in order to fulfill the demands brought by artificial intelligence (AI). The aim of this study is to analyze the positive and negative impacts of AI technology on server industry, and will focus on four major groups in the industry: datacenter customers, OEM, ODM and component suppliers.

In the modern world, marathon running is taking over the fitness world and studies show that regular running will make people healthier, happier and fit. In India the yearly growth rate of marathon event is more than 150%. As more people gets boarded, the whole running industry is seeing boom and demand arises in all the services associated with these events. The evolution of technology and social media makes all the products and services migrate towards digital platform. Services associated with marathon events include race event management, getting connected with runners and clubs, reliable guidance and training techniques for preparing to run 42+ km, expert feedback on running gadgets like GSM watches, shoes, apparels etc. In current market, all these services served through different channels like runners club, Facebook, health magazines, websites for events and many more. Effective way to serve this group is to come up with “SMART Runners” which is exclusive for runners and serve all the needs associated with running events in single platform. This digital platform will use the crowd sourcing concepts to create contents that fits the Indian market needs with reliable information. For the event organizers, this platform will also act as a cloud service through which they can reach the runners, communicate and manage their race events effectively. As an investor, the proposal for creating a basic SMART Runners portal has positive NPV of INR 3,940,623 with CAGR of 20%. Though it may not be highly attractive however in short span it will become the leading “Running Portal” in India with approximately two million subscriptions. In the future this customer base can help the company to expand into various running related services and has bright prospects.

資料的快速增長與變化以及分析工具日新月異，增加資料分析的挑戰，本研究希望透過一個完整機器學習流程，提供學術或企業在導入大數據分析時的參考藍圖。我們以Spark作為大數據分析的計算框架，利用MLlib的Spark.ml與Spark.mllib兩個套件建構機器學習模型，解決傳統資料分析時可能會遇到的問題。在資料分析過程中會比較Spark不同分析模組的適用性情境，首先使用本地端叢集進行開發，最後提交至Amazon雲端叢集加快建模與分析的效能。大數據資料分析流程將以微博為實驗範例，並使用香港大學新聞與傳媒研究中心提供的2012年大陸微博資料集，我們採用RDD、Spark SQL與GraphX萃取微博使用者貼文資料的特增值，並以隨機森林建構預測模型，來預測使用者是否具有官方認證的二元分類。 / The rapid growth of data volume and advanced data analytics tools dramatically increase the challenge of big data analytics services adoption. This paper presents a big data analytics pipeline referenced blueprint for academic and company when they consider importing the associated services. We propose to use Apache Spark as a big data computing framework, which Spark MLlib contains two packages Spark.ml and Spark.mllib, on building a machine learning model. This resolves the traditional data analytics problem. In this big data analytics pipeline, we address a situation for adopting suitable Spark modules. We first use local cluster to develop our data analytics project following the jobs submitted to AWS EC2 clusters to accelerate analytic performance. We demonstrate the proposed big data analytics blueprint by using 2012 Weibo datasets. Finally, we use Spark SQL and GraphX to extract information features from large amount of the Weibo users’ posts. The official certification prediction model is constructed for Weibo users through Random Forest algorithm.

傳統上著作物與著作權是兩個涇渭分明的概念，購買著作物不當然取得與之相關的著作權，反過來說，即便僅獲得有限的著作授權，亦不影響該著作物的所有權歸屬。為了將利益最大化，著作權人試圖透過契約架空權利耗盡，最常見的方式是透過定型化契約、以授權代替銷售，直接阻斷著作物所有權移轉的發生，但權利耗盡肩負著調和著作物所有權人與著作權人間權利衝突的任務，若允許著作權人以契約打破平衡，將使著作利用人陷入使用處處受制的窘境，亦有損文化推廣、知識傳承的著作權制度本旨。 隨著數位科技的發展，著作物逐漸走向無體化，在無體著作物與著作權本身界線模糊的情況下，權利耗盡應如何適用遂成為一個複雜的問題。本論文以有體物變成無體物的著作物型態轉變做為切入點，討論著作數位化下的權利耗盡面對的挑戰，並對實務上常用的規避手段進行分析，進一步提出著作物授權和銷售契約的辨別標準，同時提出對電子定型化契約適法性的判斷方式。 近年發展蓬勃的著作訂閱服務，更是完全跳脫產品交易模式下存在的耗盡問題。本論文最後便以現存不同數位著作（音樂、電子書、軟體）的服務平台為中心，藉由其運作模式的介紹來分析當著作與雲端結合後，除了傳統存於著作上的使用限制外，還有哪些影響著作利用人的選擇因素。

雲端運算的特性在於只要連線上雲端服務提供者的平台，隨時隨地就可以享受到最新最便利的雲端服務。雲端運算因此具有使用彈性、接觸容易、擴充迅速及即用即付費的優勢，不用在像過去套裝軟體時代花費成本在軟硬體升級上，所以有愈來愈多的使用者踏入雲端行列，雲端運算技術及服務已成為資訊產業關注的焦點。但是雲端運算的這項優勢卻容易讓人忽略是建立在將資訊傳至雲端伺服器來進行處理、運算及儲存的模式，這固然讓使用者享受到雲端服務，但雲端服務提供者也同樣掌握了使用者資訊，使用者因而不再完全控制資訊的應用及流向，使得資訊外流的可能性大幅增加。這些資訊安全風險可能來自於雲端平台的穩定性或安全漏洞，或者是雲端業者基於商業考量的洩漏給其他廣告贊助商等第三人。雲端服務提供者針對這些資訊隱私安全的疑義，訂立許多雲端隱私權政策及使用條款來規範與使用者間的法律關係。本研究即先從美國法及歐盟安全指令等國際公約著手，探討可以作為網路雲端時代的規範基礎，並以此分析雲端服務的隱私權政策及服務條款。根據這些分析討論的結果，再探討在我國民法、消費者保護法及新修正通過之個人資料保護法之體系下，這些雲端隱私權政策及服務條款的適法性問題。 關鍵字：雲端運算、雲端服務、隱私權政策、服務條款、歐盟安全指令、 個人資料保護法

「雲端運算」這幾年來成為全世界熱門議題，受到各個先進國家政府的高度重視，相繼積極投入龐大經費與資源來建立雲端運算的基礎建設與協助產業發展，更為產業界帶來了龐大商機，業者無不搭上這股時代潮流，期盼能找到創新營運模式，來提昇公司的核心競爭力。 　　台灣信用合作社受到現行金融法規的規定，限制其經營業務種類、營業區域及交易對象，造成信用合作社的營運範疇、可用的資源、事業網絡、營業額、客戶數及市佔率等等面向都無法與一般商業銀行比較。此先天的限制，也讓信用合作社在資訊設備的投資，資訊人員的配置上，與銀行相比也相對少很多，造成在競爭力上處於不平等的窘境。 　　本研究挑選金融資訊服務產業個案公司和其客戶區隔（信用合作社）做為個案研究對象。試著透過商業模式的理論觀點，探討雲端運算提供的服務模式，分析個案公司ASP營運模式是否能成功轉型成雲端運算SaaS模式，並發展出一套適合台灣信用合作社的雲端服務電子銀行解決方案。本研究結果除了可以提供給台灣信用合作社建置電子銀行系統參考外，亦可以對台灣金融資訊服務業因應雲端運算趨勢，帶來新的商業契機。 / "Cloud computing" has become the world's most popular topics in the past few years. Each advanced countries governments have attached great importance to cloud computing, and have been actively involved in the huge funding and resources to build a cloud computing infrastructure to assist industrial development, but also for the industry to create huge business opportunities. The enterprises have to catch up with this trend, and look forward to find innovative business model to enhance the company's core competitiveness. 　　Taiwan's credit cooperatives types of business, the business region, and trading customers are subject to the limitations of the financial laws and regulations. Result its business region, available resources, business networks, business income, the number of customers and market share, etc., cannot compare with the banks. This inherent limitation caused Taiwan's credit cooperatives invest in IT equipment and IT personnel are much less than the banks, resulting in unfair competition. 　　In this study, we select the financial information services industry, the case company and its customer segmentation (Taiwan's credit cooperatives) as a case study. This study tries to explore the cloud computing service model through the business model of theoretical perspectives to analyze the case of the company's ASP business model is able to successfully transform into cloud computing SaaS model, and tries to develop a set of cloud services for Taiwan's credit cooperatives in e-banking solutions. The results of this study can provide Taiwan's credit cooperatives to build the reference of the electronic banking system, also of Taiwan's financial information services in response to the trend of cloud computing bring new business opportunities.