The doctoral thesis is devoted to analyzing the perception of attractiveness of Poland as a tourism space from the perspective of Czech citizens in a broader context of mutual Czech -Polish relations in tourism. The thesis is primarily based on theoretical concepts of geography of tourism and at the same time it also follows other geographical and scientific disciplines. The methodological framework of the thesis benefits from the openness and multi-disciplinary nature of tourism. Part of the thesis was created using traditional methods and techniques applied in geography, among others: questionnaire research among students, structured interviews with employees of travel agencies, semi-structured interviews with representatives of the Polish governmental institutions, and analyses of the Internet and printed sources. Additionally, there were utilized methods and techniques used more frequently in other disciplines, including: Delphi method, SWOT analysis, mystery shopping, analysis of travelogues, Internet sources of information about Poland, and content of textbooks. The empirical part of the thesis serves to realize four main aims. The most important aim of thesis can be considered the identification and evaluation of opinions of selected groups of Czechs on the attractiveness of Poland as a...

This diploma thesis focuses on the application of system thinking and its methods to the issues of decision making within destination management and its organizations. The main aim of the thesis was to create a model to support decision making of destination management organization and to plan sustainable and responsible tourism development in the destination. A partial aim was to create a simplified model in which a simulation of the given system was performed. This aim has been applied to the destination of Cesky Krumlov. The contribution of the work is to find optimal decisions, policies and individual processes in order to assess the subsequent impacts and manage the development of tourism destination towards sustainability.

Titel: “Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.” Författare: Malin Nyberg Institution: Fakultetsnämnden för ekonomi och design, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU Kurs: Turismvetenskap III – Examensarbete, 15 hp. Handledare: Martin Gren, (Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för ekonomi och design, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU) Examinator: Stefan Gössling, (Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för ekonomi och design, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU) Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka på vilket sätt och varför Öland som turistdestination är sårbar inför vädervariationer ur turismaktörernas perspektiv. Studien avser även att belysa på vilket sätt marknadsföring av Öland och medias rapportering om destinationens väderförhållanden är bidragande krafter till väderkänsligheten. Metodik: I undersökningen har en kvalitativ fallstudie använts som forskningsmetod med en induktiv ansats. Informationsinsamling har skett via semi-strukturerade intervjuer med respondenter från fyra turismverksamheter på Öland. Urvalet av fallstudieområde och respondenter har skett genom ett bekvämlighetsurval med hänsyn till access och karaktär av forskningsområdet. Slutsats: De viktigaste betydelserna av forskningsresultatet har bland annat visat att brist på alternativa turismprodukter innebär en stor sårbarhet för turismaktörernas verksamheter vid ogynnsamma väderförhållanden för de huvudsakliga aktiviteterna Forskningsresultaten har även påvisat att fokus på specifika väderattribut i marknadsföringen av destinationen medverkar till destinationens sårbarhet tillsammans med förväntningar om specifika väderförhållanden bland besökare. / Title: “Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.” Author: Malin Nyberg Institution: School of Business and Economics Course: Tourism Studies III – Bachelors Thesis, 15 credits Supervisor: Martin Gren, (Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, ELNU) Examiner: Stefan Gössling, (Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, ELNU) Purpose: The study aims to examine how and why Öland as a tourist destination is vulnerable to weather variations from tourism operators’ perspective. The study also aims to shed light on how the marketing of Öland and media coverage of the weather conditions of the destination are contributing forces to weather sensitivity. Methodology: The study was conducted with a qualitative case study research method together with an inductive approach. Information has been collected through semi-structured interviews with respondents from four tourism businesses on Öland. The selection of the case study area and respondents have been through a convenience sample with respect to access and the nature of the research. Conclusion: The most important findings of the research results has shown that the lack of alternative tourism products is a major vulnerability for tourism operators in adverse weather conditions for the main activities. Research results have also shown that the focus of the marketing of the destination on specific weather attributes contributing to the destination vulnerability together with expectations on specific weather conditions among visitors.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:45:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Maiochi Silverio.pdf: 1989511 bytes, checksum: 10a5be105d7200e7fe6d3950dfe4a9dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation had the primary objective of analyzing the relevance of associating tourism marketing to strategic image management in acquiring destinations and furthermore explores the tourism image of the city of São Paulo, aiming at providing a verification method for the phenomenon studied and lending more credibility to the work. To that end, we performed a bibliographical review on tourism marketing and the image of destinations and presented a case study about the image of São Paulo based on the work developed by São Paulo Turismo, a tourism and events company in São Paulo/SP. The principal results show that a progressive increase in tourism in the global market implies a competitive situation among locations interested in developing tourism, so that the efficient marketing management of the activities becomes a prerogative given market competitiveness; the results also show that the destination's image is ever more relevant given its recognition as one of the most important aspects in the process of selecting a destination, as well as in satisfaction and possible repeat visits. The theme has become prevalent internationally as an important research subject and existing investigations show that external and internal factors are extremely important and influence a tourism destination's image perception; therefore the strategic management of the destination's image is essential in the tourism marketing process. The case study evidenced the interest on the part of the tourism company in the city of São Paulo in expanding the city's image to encompass leisure and entertainment, given that the image is currently essentially focused on business and work, which hinders the full development of tourism in the city / Esta dissertação objetivou primordialmente, analisar a relevância da associação do marketing turístico à administração estratégica de imagem para aquisição de destinos e ainda, explorar a imagem turística da cidade de São Paulo, visando fornecer um meio de verificação do fenômeno estudado e conferir maior legitimidade ao trabalho. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do marketing turístico e da imagem de destinos e apresentamos um estudo de caso sobre a imagem da cidade de São Paulo baseado no trabalho desenvolvido pela São Paulo Turismo, empresa de turismo e eventos da cidade de São Paulo/SP. Como principais resultados temos que a progressiva ascendência do turismo no mercado global implica um quadro de concorrência entre as localidades interessadas em desenvolvê-lo fazendo com que uma gestão mercadológica eficiente da atividade passe a ser uma prerrogativa ante a competitividade do mercado e ainda, que a imagem do destino torne-se cada vez mais relevante, ante o reconhecimento desta como um dos aspectos mais importantes no processo de escolha de uma destinação, bem como na satisfação e possível repetição dela. O tema vem impondo-se internacionalmente como importante área de pesquisa e as investigações existentes apontam que fatores externos e internos, são extremamente importantes e influenciam a percepção da imagem de um destino turístico e que, neste sentido a administração estratégica de imagens torna-se fundamental no processo de marketing turístico. O estudo de caso evidenciou o interesse por parte da empresa de turismo da cidade de São Paulo em expandir a imagem do município posicionando-a para o lazer e entretenimento, visto que o mesmo encontra-se fundamentalmente ligado a uma imagem de negócios e trabalho que impede o pleno desenvolvimento do turismo na cidade

Um dos principais problemas enfrentados atualmente pelo Poder Público e pela sociedade é a destinação adequada de resíduos sólidos. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é avaliar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) implantada no Rio Grande do Sul e verificar a existência de melhorias após a promulgação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). Este trabalho ainda apresenta o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos no Brasil e na Europa, as formas de tratamento e disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, os tipos de tratamento de lixiviados existentes, identifica alternativa de reuso do lixiviado após tratamento, analisa os tratamentos de lixiviado utilizados em Aterros Sanitários localizados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) e em Portugal, o cumprimento das metas estipuladas para RSU nos Planos de Resíduos Sólidos e identifica e compara a legislação existente em Portugal e no Brasil que regulamenta a instalação e operação dos Aterros Sanitários. Para a elaboração foram analisados dados de destinação de RSU no Brasil, com especial ênfase ao estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e em Portugal. Através dos dados obtidos verifica-se que houve melhorias na destinação final dos RSU no Brasil após a homologação da PNRS, por exemplo houve um aumento de 138% de municípios que implantaram a coleta seletiva após a PNRS. Verificou-se que a forma mais utilizada de destinação final dos RSU no país é por meio de aterro sanitário, porém havendo ainda disposição inadequada por meio de aterros controlados e lixões. No RS em 2015, observou-se que houve uma redução na disposição final adequada em comparação ao ano de 2014, devido à má operação dos aterros sanitários, porém foi atingida a Meta 1 do Plano Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PLANARES), uma vez que em 2015 não havia lixões em operação no RS. Foi possível observar que no RS a maioria das áreas classificadas como inadequadas são administradas pelos próprios municípios, isto se dá devido à falta de recurso financeiro para gerenciar e operar um aterro sanitário. Com relação ao tratamento de lixiviado gerado nos aterros sanitários do RS, verificou-se que estes não possuem implantado um sistema eficaz e acredita-se que somente um tratamento combinado, apresentando tratamento avançado, seja a forma mais adequada para tratar este efluente, devido à grande variabilidade de características e complexidade do lixiviado. Fazendo uma comparação da legislação referente à gestão de resíduos no Brasil e em Portugal, observa-se que em 1996 foi aprovado o Plano Estratégico Setorial dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (PERSU) em Portugal, que promoveu uma grande alteração na gestão de RSU, havendo grandes investimentos em infraestrutura visando atender as metas do PERSU. Já no Brasil somente em 2010 foi proposta esta alteração por meio da PNRS, e é possível observar que não houve o atendimento das metas estipuladas nos Planos Nacionais e Estadual, no caso do RS, devido à falta de conscientização do Poder Público e investimentos nesta área, de forma a promover uma destinação final adequada para os RSU gerados no país. / One of the main problems currently faced by the Government and the society is the appropriate destination of solid waste. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the management of municipal solid waste (MSW) introduced in Rio Grande do Sul and to verify possible improvements achieved after the promulgation of the National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP). This paper also describes the management of solid waste in Brazil and Europe, the way of treatment and final disposal of municipal solid waste, the existing leachate treatment process, identifies leachate reuse alternatives, analyzes the leachate treatment operations used in landfills located in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and in Portugal, the achievement of goal set for MSW in Solid Waste Plans and identifies and compares the legislation existing in Portugal and Brazil which regulates the installation and operation of Landfills. For the work accomplishment, data of the MSW disposal in Brazil, with special emphasis on the State of Rio Grande do Sul, and Portugal were analyzed. Through the data obtained it appears that there were improvements in the final disposal of MSW in Brazil after the approval of NSWP, for example an increase of 138% of municipalities that have implemented selective collection after NSWP. It was found that the most used form of final disposal of MSW in the country is through landfill, but there is still inadequate disposal in controlled landfills and dumps. In RS in 2015, it was observed that there was a reduction in the number of adequate final disposal sites, compared to 2014, due to wrong operation of landfills. Nevertheless, Goal 1 of the National Plan of the Solid Waste (NPSW) was achieved, since in 2015 there was no dumps operating in RS. It was observed that in RS most of the areas classified as inadequate are administered by the municipalities themselves. This, is due to lack of financial resources to manage and operate a landfill. Regarding the treatment of leachate generated in landfills of RS, it was found that these have not implemented an effective system and it is believed that only a combined treatment, with advanced treatment, will be the best way to treat this effluent due to the large variability of characteristics and complexity of the leachate. Making a comparison of the legislation on waste management in Brazil and in Portugal, it is observed that in 1996 the Sector Strategic Plan for Municipal Solid Waste (SSPMSW) was approved in Portugal, promoting a major change in the MSW management, with large investments in infrastructure to deal the goals of the SSPMSW. On the other hand, in Brazil only in 2010 this change was proposed by NSWP. It is possible to observe that goals set in the National and State Plans were not met, in the case of RS, due to lack of awareness of the government and investments in this area in order to promote an appropriate final destination for the MSW generated in the country.

Le paysage médiatique arabe a connu un accroissement spectaculaire au cours de ces dernières décennies, notamment avec la création des grandes chaînes satellitaires comme Al-Jazeera, Al-Arabiya et MBC… et plus tard avec l’arrivée des chaînes occidentales arabophones à destination des publics arabes comme la BBC, France 24 et DW-TV Arabia. Les chaînes arabophones à destination du monde arabe constituent un phénomène médiatique pouvant servir des objectifs idéologiques, une diplomatie de séduction et des vecteurs d’influence pour atteindre des buts politiques et économiques. L’étude porte sur une de ces chaînes satellitaires, la DW-TV Arabia, et sur le rôle qu’elle joue pour le rayonnement de la culture et la position politique allemande, mais aussi pour promouvoir les valeurs et les pratiques démocratiques de la République fédérale. L’objet de cette recherche est de définir ses objectifs de création, sa ligne éditoriale dans la mesure où elle garantit la crédibilité, l’intégrité professionnelle, et son aptitude à forger un discours médiatique indépendant. Il convient par ailleurs de la situer dans le champ médiatique arabe mais aussi de montrer son rôle stratégique pour maintenir les intérêts économiques allemands dans le monde arabe. / The media landscape has known in the twentieth last years a spectacular increase, especially after the creation of satellite's channels with international vocation like Aljazeera, Al-Arabiya and MBC. Lately, the creation of occidental arabophones channels, like BBC, France 24 and DW-TV Arabia, comes to add a new dimension to the media field. The occidental arabophones channels that target Arab World can be considered as a phenomenon in the media field. They can be used to serving ideological objectives, to improve diplomatic relationships, and to make gains in politics and economics domains. This research is focalized in one of these channels; the DW-TV Arabia, this German channel in destination to the Arab World created in 2002. His role as a tool in the proliferation of Germany cultural and politics principles of the federal republic of Germany, to the Arab World, is one of the principals axes treated in this work. Therefore, the motifs of the creation of DW-TV Arabia occupy an important part of this study. The principal aspects who characterized the editorial line of this channel is based on the objectivity, credibility and independence; however, he play a strategic role in improving the economic interests of Germany in the Arab World countries.

This thesis presents a real-time autonomous guidance and control method for a quadrotor in a GPS-denied environment. The quadrotor autonomously seeks a destination while it avoids obstacles whose shape and position are initially unknown. We implement the obstacle avoidance and destination seeking methods using off-the-shelf sensors, including a vision-sensing camera. The vision-sensing camera detects the positions of points on the surface of obstacles. We use this obstacle position data and a potential-field method to generate velocity commands. We present a backstepping controller that uses the velocity commands to generate the quadrotor's control inputs. In indoor experiments, we demonstrate that the guidance and control methods provide the quadrotor with sufficient autonomy to fly point to point, while avoiding obstacles.

本研究提出一創新的旅遊推薦服務系統，以意象模型作為旅客意象(包含自我意象和情感需求)、景點意象、以及中小企業所提供服務之意象在系統裡的一致性表達。以上所提及之利益關係人的意象會經由數個系統模組進行建立與管理，並演化以反映出意象擁有者在真實世界的狀態。除此之外，本系統為動態運行，強調旅遊產業裡各個利益關係人角色之間的互動關係。每當互動發生，相關意象模型會進行混合，演繹出額外的意象屬性，以進行意象模型之調整。另外，基於顏色與情緒可相互對應的相關研究，我們將色彩理論運用於意象媒合與意象混合模組之中，藉此為旅客推薦符合其情感需求的旅遊景點或服務。本研究所提出一系列基於意象衍伸的系統化方法，可被應用於各種不同的領域。我們相信本研究可以為其它領域之實務應用與學術探討帶來顯著的貢獻。 / This research presents a recommendation service system that considers the image as a uniform representation of tourist images (include self-image and emotional needs), destinations, and local SMEs. Images carried by each stakeholder roles are modeled and managed by several system modules, and they also evolve to reflect the real time situations of each entity. In addition, the system is dynamic in terms of its emphasis on the relationships among these roles. When interactions occur, image mixing will be conducted to derive extra image attributes for the adjustments of the images. Besides, since colors can be mapped onto emotions, we use colors to operate the image matching and mixing process to find good matches of destinations for the recommendation. This image related approach we proposed is domain-independent. We believe our method could contribute to other areas of practical applications and academic studies.

對於結盟的建立而言，如何選擇夥伴是相當重要的議題。許多的學術研究著重於建立一些選擇夥伴的框架或準則，以求達到資源分享、節省成本的效果。在旅遊產業中，許多文獻舉出了意象建立的重要性，也點出了意象的有效建立有賴於企業體彼此緊密的合作，然而，較少研究探討如果要建立獨特且具有吸引力的意象效果，應該選擇那些夥伴才能到到目標。因此，本研究提出一系統化的方法能幫助使用者分析並找出合適的合作夥伴，以建立獨特且具有吸引力的意象。此一方法利用隱喻計算作為工具，嘗試找出創新的解決方案。本研究提出也提出一個系統架構，並輔以相關的演算法與情境來說明方法上的可用性。從理論上的觀點來看，本研究嘗試透過自動化的方式找出隱喻的意涵，並將之整合到一問題解決的方法上。從實務面來看，本研究提供了中小型企業一個有用的方法能幫助他們找到合適的合作夥伴。透過建立更高品質的夥伴關係，我們期盼在旅遊產業的中小型企業能夠進一步增加其競爭優勢、存活與獲利能力。此外，研究也發現，一個區域的意象多樣性直接影響到中小型企業透過合作來建立市場利基的可能性。 / Partner selection is an important issue in alliance formation. A lot of research works have been done in developing the framework or criteria for selecting partners from the views of resource complement, cost reductions and knowledge sharing. However, research to date suggests relatively little is known about how to select partners for attractive and unique image building, which is essential to the developments of tourism especially for SME owners in the tourism sector. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach for service providers in tourism to identify appropriate partners to form alliances and build their attractive and unique images. This approach employs metaphors as a tool to generate innovative and creative solutions. The system architecture is then provided and elaborated with algorithms and the system scenario. From the theoretical perspective, we attempt to excavate the meaning of metaphors from the web in order to propose a new frame of problem-solving. From the practical perspective, we provide SME owners with a useful approach for managing partner selection and attractive and unique image building. By forming better alliances, SMEs in tourism sector can gain competitive advantages and improve their sustainability and profitability. In addition, the image diversity of a tourism destination is an important factor on market niche creation through alliance formation.

服務產業已在近代成為了世界各個國家的重要產業，台灣尤其，因此推動服務經濟一直是政府主要的推展政策之一。政大服務科學研究中心（SSRC）及資管所AeSL實驗室將服務科學的知識運用在實務上的服務創新，為本國較弱勢的觀光產業中小型商家提升競爭力，進而發展了一個以旅遊意象為引擎的全新網路服務平台，uVoyage。 此平台的目的為幫助弱勢的中小型觀光商家將自己的產品及服務自行行銷，推廣到全國大眾。本經營計畫的最高宗旨為提供一個互動性平台，讓觀光業中小型商家與旅客一起共創價值，達到永續經營。專案在初始挑選了宜蘭縣枕頭山休閒農業區作為開發平台的實驗標的，並於去年就已經完成POC（Proof of Concept）。在持續開發平台的同時，本研究所著重的方向為研討uVoyage平台的實際經營模式，並將其營運計畫做完善的提案。此研究在進行的過程也定時與枕山村休閒農業區的商家辦說明會蒐集意見回饋，讓平台的功能更能夠符合商家的需求。 此論文延續平台的基礎，持續進行完整性的開發，同時將組織管理、財務、營運及獲利模式做完整個規劃。本研究最終目標為完成最後階段的POS（Proof of Service），並提出實際可行的經營計畫。促進台灣地方特色發展、幫助觀光中小企業為uVoyage的最高使命。