Implementing cultural change is a huge project for any company. Not only is it time consuming, there are also many factors that determine the success of a cultural change. This study aims to explore a number of these success factors from a social perspective of sustainability, in particular the employees’ perspective. The employee’s psychological perspective is more difficult to expose compared to the economic and environmental perspectives, because it has a qualitative nature and cannot be easily captured in quantitative models. However, this does not make the employees’ psychological perspective less important. Recent studies show that psychological safety supports the individual learning process and creates an openness and motivation for change. Results of this study show that a stronger sense of psychological safety can be created by a positive atmosphere among colleagues, a high level of trust, supportive leader behaviors, and systems that facilitate efficient information and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the study contributes to the field of organizational theory by investigating the role, effect and perception of psychological safety within one multinational company.

Background: Innovation is usually connected with benefits inside companies, the most cited by researchers is the competitive advantage. However, the pursuit of innovation may lead to a harmful working environment that can increase stress levels among employees. An industry that is well known by its innovativeness is the tech industry, therefore an investigation on their working environment is important. Purpose: Our purpose is to analyse if tech companies are creating a stressful working environment for their own employees, what are the factors that creates this and what kind of techniques and methods are companies using to tackle the increase stress in their working environment. Understanding these topics, we provide a contribution to the theory and a suggestion for companies follow in order to reduce stress among employees without losing their pursuit for innovativeness. Method: We utilize secondary data collected from different type of sources. Also, we use real life examples of companies that are trying tackle stress in their working environment, providing insights on their actions and the outcome of them. Conclusion: The results show that technology companies have several factors that increase stress in their working environment, some of them associated with company characteristics, and other associated with the industry that the tech companies are competed in. Also, some of those stressors are not being tackled by methods or techniques that companies areiiusing in order to reduce the stress among employees. In order to improve their working environment, we suggest technology companies to follow our proposed strategy based in three pillars: flexibility, support and communication.

Se indaga sobre la relación que existe entre el bienestar psicológico y la autoeficacia en una muestra de 153 universitarios migrantes de Lima Metropolitana, con una edad promedio de 21,43 años (D.E.= 2.12), de los cuales el 62% fueron mujeres y el 38% varones de universidades privadas de Lima. Se emplearon como instrumento de medida, la escala de bienestar psicológico, adaptada al contexto peruano por Domínguez (2014) y la escala de autoeficacia General empleada por Terry (2008). Los resultados muestran una correlación positiva entre la autoeficacia y las variables de aceptación y control (r = .295, p< .01) y autonomía (r = .411, p< .01). Además, se muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar el bienestar psicológico entre quienes tienen y no pareja; mientras que se observan estadísticamente significativas al comparar la autoeficacia en función a tener o no pareja, género y edad. Se concluye que algunas dimensiones del bienestar psicológico se relacionan con la autoeficacia; además se observan diferencias significativas al comparar ambas variables entre otras de tipo sociodemográfico. / The relationship between psychological wellbeing and self-efficacy is investigated in a sample of 153 university migrants from the province to Metropolitan Lima, with an average age of 21.43 years (SD = 2.12), of which 62% were women and 38% men from private universities in Lima. The scale of psychological wellbeing, which is adapted to our environment by Domínguez (2014) and the scale of general self-efficiency used by Terry (2008), was used as a measuring instrument. The results show a positive correlation in relation to self-efficacy and acceptance and control variables (r = .295, p <.01) and autonomy (r = .411, p <.01). In addition, statistically significant differences are shown when comparing psychological well-being between those who have and not a partner; while it is observed statistically to compare when comparing self-efficacy according to having or not having a partner, gender and age. It is concluded that some dimensions of psychological well-being are related to self-efficacy; In addition, different differences are observed when comparing both variables among others of sociodemographic type. / Tesis

The aim of this study was to examine how immigrant women in middle-sized community municipalities in the middle of Sweden describe factors of importance for their wellbeing. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted with the women and different themes were identified from the data collected using thematic analysis. The themes included family and relationships, Employment and economy, language, education, culture, and spirituality. These themes describe the factors of importance in the wellbeing of the immigrant women. To analyze the data, we applied the PERMA framework as our basic concept, because it describes the five important factors of the wellbeing and happiness that is reflected in our results. The results describe personal, social conditions and the community factors that positively affected the wellbeing of the immigrant women and helped them achieve a life of fulfilment, meaning and happiness.  The result from this study showed that family, employment, economic stability, language, education, culture, and spirituality were important factors that contributed to immigrant women’s wellbeing.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mental health among young elite athletes aged16-19 years old at Växjö municipality sports high schools. The focus area was anxiety anddepression disorders, which were measured using the General Health Questionnaire. Theprimary issues was to examine how common these disorders are and whether it differsbetween individual and team athletes. By actualizing the subject, there are also hopes that thesubject will be less stigmatized.A quantitative method has been used to reach out to as many people as possible. Thequestionnaire included for example questions about injury background and amount oftraining, to have a material for an analysis. Some of the conclusions are that anxiety anddepression disorders are common among students at Växjö municipality sports high schoolsand that many students consider that they don’t receive sufficient support for mental illness.

Bakgrund: Ett fysiskt trauma kan innebära att människan blir påverkad fysiologiskt och existentiellt. Hälsa och välbefinnande är viktigt för att undvika psykisk ohälsa med ångest, depression, posttraumatiskt stressyndrom. Rädslor efter fysiskt trauma kunde påverka vardagen negativt för människan. Sårbarhet och lidande är något sjuksköterskan behöver kunskap om för att få en förförståelse för patientens hälsa och minska risken för vårdlidande. Sjuksköterskans vårdande har en viktig roll för att patienten ska få stöd. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters erfarenhet av stöd efter fysiskt trauma och stödets betydelse för välbefinnandet ur ett patientperspektiv. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Resultatet visade att patienter som utsatts för ett fysiskt trauma är i behov av en tydlig och konkret information från hälso- och sjukvården för att få ett ökat välbefinnande. Patienter var även i behov av stöttning som exempelvis rehabilitering för att få en ökad trygghet och minskad osäkerhet gällande skadorna. Emotionellt stöd var viktigt för patienterna för att uppnå känsla av hälsa och välbefinnande. Konklusion: Patienter önskade tydlig information och kommunikation för att uppleva trygghet och välbefinnande efter ett fysiskt trauma. Bristande information och kommunikation ledde till osäkerhet och minskat välbefinnande. Emotionellt stöd är viktigt för patienten att kunna återhämta sig och uppleva hälsa och välbefinnande. / Background: A physical trauma can mean that the person is affected physiologically and existentially. Health and well-being were important to avoid mental illness with anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder. Fears of physical trauma could also affect everyday life negatively for people. Vulnerability and suffering were something the nurse needed to experience for a pre-understanding of the patient's health. The nurse's caregiver played an important role in ensuring that the patient received support. Aim: The aim was to shed light on the patient's experience of support after physical trauma´s and the significance of the support for well-being from a patient perspective. Method: The study was conducted as a qualitative literature review. Results: The results showed that patients who have been subjected to physical trauma are in need of clear and concrete information from the health service in order to increase well-being. Patients were also in need of support, such as rehabilitation, in order to have increased sense of security and reduced uncertainty regarding the injuries. Emotional support was important for patients to achieve a sense of health and well-being. Conclusion: Patients wanted clear information and communication to have increased sense of security and well-being after a physical trauma. Lack of information and communication could lead to insecurity and reduced well-being. Emotional support was important for the patient to be able to recover and experience health and well-being.

Online learning in the present circumstances of the pandemic is unique, unlike common digital learning situations, raises a number of concerns. University students might struggle with adjustment and feel discouraged by changes, as conventional socializing in class is their major loss in online learning. Students should continue to learn, and schools have gone to great lengths to transfer educational content into the digital world, not just online teaching and delivery methods, but also support the students' wellbeing. The project created a framework for students’ wellbeing support, online learning in higher education and crisis preparedness. Moreover, the project used several research methods to collect and analyze data, and design methods to treat and develop ideation. The resulting project is called the ‘Online participation Art Strategy’. Based on the insights that ‘enhancing online learning by enhancing online participation’, the project provides educational materials in the form of campaign design and graphic design, to enhance online participation and thereby support the wellbeing of students. / <p>Online presentation</p>

Vad är lycka och hur uppnås den ultimata lyckonivån? Möjligen är definitionen av begreppet lycka ett av de mest omtvistade. I denna uppsats kommer lycka att preciseras till subjektivt välbefinnande. Subjektivt välbefinnande är ett självupplevt tillstånd om hur tillfreds en individ är med sin tillvaro. Inledningsvis kommer begreppets relevans och mätbarhet att diskuteras, samt hur det förankras i ekonomisk teori, men även de psykologiska aspekterna av hur förändringsbart subjektivt välbefinnande är. Genom historien har länders välstånd mätts i ekonomiska mått där det självupplevda välbefinnandet har hamnat i bakgrunden. Att subjektivt välbefinnande inte är synonymt med ekonomisk framgång har väckt ett intresse bland ekonomer att ta fram kompletterande välfärdsmått för att utveckla välfärden på ett mer hållbart sätt. Baserad på tidigare forskning tar denna uppsats upp faktorer som kan ha en effekt på välbefinnandet. Syftet är således att statistiskt undersöka faktorerna inkomst, kön, ålder, hälsa, utbildning, sysselsättning, familjeförhållande, samt individens personlighet, värderingar och levnadsvillkor påverkan på det subjektiva välbefinnandet för den svenska befolkningen. Detta kommer göras med hjälp av data från SOM-institutet år 2018 och analyseras genom spridningsdiagram, OLS-regressioner och logistiska regressioner. Resultatet från regressionsanalyserna visar exempelvis att högre inkomst, att vara kvinna, att ofta umgås med vänner och inneha en bra självupplevd hälsa har en positiv effekt på det subjektiva välbefinnandet. Att vara arbetslös eller att rösta på något av partierna som ligger i ytterkanterna på den politiska vänster-högerskalan är däremot negativt för det självupplevda välbefinnandet. För att besvara uppsatsens syfte förs en diskussion om resultatets relevans. Är det arbetslösheten som har en negativ effekt på det subjektiva välbefinnandet, eller är det så att individer som upplever ett lägre välbefinnande i större utsträckning har svårare att få ett arbete, samt att behålla ett. Detta skulle innebära att det inte är arbetslösheten i sig som minskar nivån av välbefinnandet, samt är det umgänge med vänner som ökar välbefinnandet eller är realiteten att personer som har ett högre välbefinnande i regel har ett större socialt umgänge. Detta och flera andra diskussioner om kausalitet avslutar denna kvantitativa studie om jakten på lyckan. / What is the true meaning of happiness and how can you achieve the ultimate level of happiness? The definition of happiness is dispersed. In this study happiness will be defined as subjective well-being. Subjective well-being refers to how people experience their quality of life. The relevance of subjective well-being and the method used to measure it will be discussed, as well as the psychological perspective about how changeable happiness is. In recent centuries countries' welfare have been measured in economic terms and measures of well-being has fallen into the shadows. Since subjective well-being is not synonymous with economic success the interest of developing more sustainable measure for comparing countries welfare has increased among economist. The main purpose of this study is to investigate which factors have an impact on the subjective well-being. Based on earlier research this study investigates if and how income, gender, age, health, education, occupation, family conditions and the individual's personality, values and living conditions effect the well-being for the Swedish population from the year 2018. This will be done using data from the SOM-institute and analyzed by computing scatterplots, OLS-regression and logit regression. The results from the regression analysis indicates that higher income, being a woman, often socialize with friends and experience a high level of health has a positive impact on subjective well-being. Being unemployment and vote for parties that lies on the outside corners instead has a negative impact of well-being. To be able to answer the purpose of the study a discussion about the relevance of the result will take place. Is it unemployment that has a negative impact or is the reality that unhappy people are more likely to end up outside the labor market? And is it positive to often hang out with friends or is the veracity that happier people in fact have a greater social interaction. This and several other discussions about causality will summarize this quantitative study about the pursuit of happiness.

The intersection of gender and early-career stage on the mental health of physicians is emerging and evident. This qualitative, interview-based study explores the perspectives of early-career female physicians regarding their mental health in the context of their work, their experiences with taking a leave of absence from work, and promising practices and supports that can support early-career female physicians in the workplace with regards to mental health and leaves of absence. Nine interviews with female physicians in the first ten years of practice in Ontario were conducted and analyzed thematically. A conceptual framework borrowed from the Healthy Professional Worker (HPW) Partnership was employed and revised based on the findings. The findings suggest that increased awareness of the challenges faced by early-career female physicians may contribute to the destigmatization of mental health and leaves of absence and foster supports at work. Policy makers and regulatory bodies should consider developing equitable leave of absence policies for physicians and reframing how seeking mental health care is viewed to contribute to positive culture change.

Att förebygga ohälsa och att stärka det friska är centralt för att stödja ett hälsosamt åldrande. Missnöjdhet med måltidsupplevelsen är en bidragande orsak till lågt näringsintag, något som i sin tur är en riskfaktor för undernäring. För att kompensera för nedsatt aptit och matlust är det viktigt att måltidsupplevelsen upplevs bra. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur boende inom vård- och omsorgsboende beskriver sin måltidsupplevelse. För att besvara syftet användes en litteraturstudie av kvalitativ ansats med deskriptiv design där sju studier från Australien, England, Kanada, Spanien, Sverige, USA och Wales kvalitetsgranskades och analyserades. Resultatet från studien kan sammanfattas i tre huvudteman; självbestämmande, identitet och social gemenskap. Resultatet visar att de boende själva vill vara med och utforma sin måltidssituation. De flesta boende upplever det positivt att äta och umgås med andra. Det sociala samspelet under måltiderna ger möjlighet för sociala relationer och en känsla av vardaglighet och normalitet. De tillfrågade önskade att få behålla sin individualitet och bli behandlade som enskilda personer med individuella preferenser. Ett personcentrerat arbetssätt kan förbättra både nutritionsstatus och måltidsupplevelsen samt stärka de boendes egenvårdsförmåga och självbestämmande. Det i sin tur kan leda till friskare individer med högre livskvalité. / Health promotion and disease prevention are central in supporting healthy aging. Dissatisfaction with the meal experience is a contributing factor to low nutritional intake, which in turn is a risk factor for malnutrition. To compensate for decreased appetite and promote healthy eating habits it is important with a good meal experience. The purpose of this literature study was to investigate how residents and staff in care and nursing homes over the age of 65 described the meal experience. To answer the purpose, a literature study of qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used. Seven studies from Australia, England, Canada, Spain, Sweden, USA and Wales were first quality reviewed and then analyzed. The results from the study can be summarized in three main themes: self-determination, identity and social community. The results shows that the residents want to be involved in designing their own meal situation. Most residents would like to eat and socialize with others during mealtimes. Social interactions during the meals provides the opportunity for social relationships and a feeling of normality. The residents wanted to maintain their individuality and to be treated as individuals with individual preferences. A person-centered approach can improve both nutritional status and the meal experience, as well as strengthen the residents' self-care ability and self-determination. This in turn can lead to healthier individuals with a higher quality of life.