人們對於錯誤訊息處理經由自我覺察或外在回饋之管道，可藉由事件關聯電位分別測得ERN (error-related negativity) 及FRN (feedback-related negativity)。過去研究曾指出雙側作業(Flanker task)中錯誤所引發的ERN會受到以圖片呈現的短期情緒所調節，然而對於回饋誘發的FRN與個體情緒調節的關係則未曾被探討過。過去FRN的研究認為唯有當受試者所進行的作業為增強學習作業時，受試者對於回饋結果的預期狀態才能反映於FRN的反應強度。本研究利用兩個實驗分別採用非增強學習作業及增強學習作業，其中並以IAPS情緒圖片進行短期情緒的引發，在受試者於實驗中對其反應結果的不同預期狀態，探測受試者FRN受短期情緒調節的效果。 實驗一利用非增強學習作業，結果顯示FRN的強度可以反映受試者對於回饋結果的預期狀態，其中以非預期時FRN的強度為最大，預期時FRN的強度為最小；另外，正向情緒圖片對於FRN具有調節效果，正向情緒下FRN反應強度小於中性以及負向情緒下FRN反應強度。實驗二利用增強學習作業，前述的FRN強度反映受試者對回饋結果的預期效果，只有在實驗前半段的嘗試次中被觀測到，此效果未見於全部嘗試次納入分析；另外，實驗二中沒有觀察到情緒對於FRN的調節效果。 綜合而言，本研究發現受試者唯有持續處於學習的情形下，FRN才能反映受試者對於回饋結果的預期狀態，情緒對FRN的調節效果也僅於此情況下才能被觀測到。 / Error-related information in human can be processed via self-awareness and/or feedback given externally, which are measurable by the use of event-related potential (ERP) and termed error-related negativity (ERN) and feedback-related negativity (FRN) respectively. Previous studies showed that short-term affective stimuli would modulate the magnitude of ERN elicited by Flanker task. However, such modulation effect has not been tested on FRN. Furthermore, the magnitude of FRN is indicated to be related to the expectancy states toward feedback when the subject is undergoing a reinforcement learning task. Present study, thus, was designed to test the affective modulation effect on FRN in two separate tasks. In which, emotional pictures adopted from IAPS were used as the short-term affective stimuli, and different expectancy states in both non-reinforcement learning task (Experiment1) and reinforcement learning task (Experiment 2) were manipulated. In the results of Experiment 1, the magnitude of FRN was larger under the unexpected condition in comparing to the expected one. Modulation effect of short-term affective stimuli on FRN was obtained when positive emotion pictures were presented in non-reinforcement learning task, which FRN amplitude was significantly smaller in comparing to those measured after the presentation of neutral and negative pictures. In the results of Experiment 2, FRN elicited in the unexpected condition was only obtained from analyzing the dada collected in the first half of trails. Such effect was not confirmed when the data from all trials were analyzed. A lack of modulation effect of short-term affective stimuli on FRN appeared in Experiment 2. In conclusion, it is indicated that the expectancy depended FRN is most apparent when the subject is undergoing a continuous learning-demanded process. Meanwhile, short-term affective stimuli can modulate such FRN.

數位影像，尤以數位影片和動畫為目前數位典藏授權模式之主流，惟我國數位典藏計畫執行至今，仍係在「典藏」文物，未達到「推廣」典藏文物之層次。於是，本研究參酌國外教育影音網站之推廣模式，如iTunes U和YouTube EDU等，探討如何利用免費分享的模式，達到有效宣傳影音內容之目的，進而創造出有利的經營模式。 本研究以個案訪談的方式，選擇頑石創意公司和格林文化公司作為探討之對象。研究發現，目前數位影像典藏產業中加值廠商的經營模式，已不再以數位動畫資源作為主要營利來源，改變既有之經營模式才是重點所在，改以數位動畫資源為互補性資源，透過經營模式之改造而使價值網上之參與者的轉變。 研究顯示，頑石創意公司未來之經營模式為舉辦數位文創巡迴展，從原本動畫製造商角色，轉變為文化創意產業發展的整合角色。相對地，格林文化公司則以Telly Bear電子閱讀器做為未來發展的經營模式，惟初期的成功仍會受到後來競爭者模仿、封閉式硬體和軟體等挑戰。 最後的結論與建議，本研究主要針對政府和產業加值廠商方面，自之前的研究論述之中發現的，思考現存的問題。 / This research aims to focus on digital video, because it will be the mainstream of the digital archive in the future. With respect to the lack of promotion of digital archives in Taiwan, this research will examine the promotion model from well-known educational video websites, for example iTunes U and YouTube EDU, and research how free-sharing model works and how to achieve the goal of promotion, and further create a profitable business model. This research will take Bright Ideas Design and Grimm Press as case study companies. The survey reveals that the business models for digital video archives in the industry have changed from digital video based to digital video as complementary asset for the business model. By transforming the business model, it can also transform the participants in the value net of the company. According to the above surveys, the new business model for Bright Ideas Design would be hosting a Digital Creative and Cultural Exhibition Tour, which instead of being an animation producer the company could become an integrator of the creative and cultural industry. In the final part of conclusion and suggestion, this research aims at government and the participants in the industry and provides solutions towards existing problems regarding previously found issues and referred cases.

隨全球經濟發展、環保意識抬頭，以及食品安全衛生議題的日益重視，運用資訊科技維護人們食的安全已是一股不可擋的趨勢。本論文以資訊科技導入農產品生產控管以及維護生產品質、建立所謂農產履歷為研究目的；並以豬隻生產為例，深入探討在豬隻的生產過程中如何導入這新的科技技術，以及所搭配的生產履歷資訊平台。 文中首先針對所謂「農產履歷」作一詳細介紹，其中包括農產履歷的來由、推動農產履歷原因，以及目前各國所推展的農產履歷的現況如何。另外，在導入農產履歷之前也必須先了解所謂的「追溯系統」，在農產品整個生產過程中有哪些東西或流程是必須追蹤記錄。 本研究案在眾多的農產品中選擇以豬隻的生產過程作為導入「農產履歷」的研究標的其原因是因為： 1、 豬隻為我國農產品中產值最高。 2、 豬隻的生產過程短，從出生到送入屠宰僅六個半月。 3、 豬隻的生產過程中所需控管的項目較多，例如：飼料、添加劑、藥品、種源等。 本研究選擇以RFID作為農產履歷的記錄介質，在豬隻的身上打上所謂的RFID晶片，借以控管並記錄豬隻的生產過程，然，RFID晶片的外在形式有兩種，一種是外在耳掛式的晶片，稱之為「RFID耳標」，另ㄧ種是皮下植入式的，我們稱之為「植入式晶片」，本研究亦會針對這兩種不同的晶片同時導入加以評估，選擇一個最適合於豬隻生產所應搭配的形式。 除此之外，搭配RFID晶片所需的生產資訊系統，意即「畜牧場管理系統」也是不可或缺的，本研究案同時也針對了該管理系統有一深入的研究並提出該系統的設計理念，以及相關的系統設計方式，以期在本研究結束後能夠提出一套完整的豬隻生產過程的「農產履歷系統」。 / As the global economic development, environmental awareness and the attention to food safety, applying technology to safeguard people's food security is an irreversible trend. The purposes of this paper are to addresses the methods of introducing technology into agricultural production and control, and the maintenance of production quality. Take the production of pigs for example to investigate the introduction of technology to agricultural production as well as the operation and usage of information platform. The thesis is aimed at so-called “agro-biographical”, containing the origins, the motivations and the current status of introduction of agro-biographical all around the world. On the other hand, the so-called "tracing system" is acknowledged before the introduction of agro-biography, which indicates what and how the detailed data should be included or recorded. The case studies were selected in many agricultural production processes as a force to pigs "agro-biographical" because of the research subjects: 1. Pigs generate the highest value among Taiwan’s agricultural products and they are the necessity. 2. The production process of pigs is short, only six and a half months from birth to slaughter. 3. The more attentions are required to pigs production process and control, such as feed, additives, drugs, plant sources. The study selected RFID as agro-biographical recording media, which control and record pig production process. These RFID chips are in two forms, one is the external ear TAGs, the so called “RFID ear TAG”, and the other is in subcutaneous implantation style in the heads, known as “Subcutaneous Implantation TAG”. The study made comparison between these two kinds of RFIDs and the evaluated them to choose the better one. In addition, the mix of RFID chips for the production of information systems, namely, “The livestock management system” is also indispensable. The research also investigated in the management system , concepts of design, and related systems topics. Finally, the results are hoped to make contribution to the introduction of technology to agro-biography.

台灣地區自民國八十四年三月開始實行全民健保，並於同年七月起提供三十歲以上婦女每年一次免費抹片檢查，但我國婦女抹片檢查利用率和先進國家相比仍舊偏低。爰此，本論文主要目的，在探討台灣地區婦女在健保制度下抹片篩檢利用度的影響因素，藉由實證分析結果，期能提供政府當局有效提高篩檢率的具體方針和建議，以有效降低婦女子宮頸癌的發生率和死亡率。 第二章為理論架構，分別應用Becker(1965)的家庭生產函數和Grossman(1972)的健康需求模型，以建構影響抹片檢查需求的理論模型，並為本論文實證分析的理論基礎。本論文實證分析共分三章，首先利用衛生署國民健康局家庭計畫研究所，分別於民國81年及87年進行的「台灣地區家庭與生育力調查」資料，採用Logit迴歸模型做分析。實證結果發現，抹片檢查接受與否的影響因素在健保實施前後有很大差異，而「南部＊全民健保」及「鄉鎮＊全民健保」的變數對30歲以上婦女亦為顯著正相關；意味健保制度的推行，沖消掉大多數變數的影響效果，使得原本具有影響力的因素變為不顯著，亦即健保政策在婦女抹片防癌使用度的增加有很大貢獻。此外，政府除了對30歲以上女性提供免費檢查給付政策外，亦積極加強衛教宣導工作、建立子宮頸抹片篩檢服務網等工作，使得「全民健保」變數不僅對30歲以上婦女，亦對30歲以下婦女有顯著的正影響力，故建議政府可考慮將篩檢給付擴及至所有已婚女性。 接者，在第四章則利用國家衛生研究院於民國90年所進行的「國民健康訪問調查」資料，應用Bivariate Probit 迴歸模型，並將台灣地區所有316個鄉鎮市分成八個都市化層級，探討都市化程度高低對婦女預防保健利用度之影響。結果發現都市化程度不同，的確造成婦女抹片檢查利用率存在顯著差異，居住在第二至第六個都市化層級的婦女，其接受抹片篩檢的比率明顯較都市化程度最高者低；而第七和第八層級(都市化程度最低)並無顯著較第一層級不願做篩檢。究其原因，乃因政府為均衡不同地區抹片篩檢的可近性，積極鼓勵相關醫療院所加入健保特約醫院，以配合健保給付政策並提供篩檢服務，至民國86年，有超過90%約1500家的醫療院所加入；此外，衛生當局亦在偏遠地區提供巡迴車設站採檢服務，以解決偏遠地區醫療資源不足問題。意味全民健保制度在婦女抹片檢查服務上，已達到提昇偏遠地區醫療服務可近性的貢獻。 最後，在第五章我們利用國民健康局於民國91年所進行的「國民健康促進知識、態度與行為調查」資料，應用兩階段最小平方法(2SLS)估計模型，分析健康資訊對抹片檢查的影響程度。應用Kenkel(1990)衡量資訊的方法，將受訪者對子宮頸癌及抹片檢查相關知識的得分加總，以代表婦女健康資訊程度。實證結果發現，健康資訊的確是影響婦女是否接受抹片檢查的重要因素，擁有愈多相關健康資訊的婦女，因愈了解抹片檢查對預防子宮頸癌的重要，故明顯較願意去接受篩檢。因此，政府除了積極全面衛教宣導工作、建立子宮頸抹片篩檢服務網等工作外，也應針對擁有較低健康資訊的婦女多加宣導抹片防癌的重要性，以有效提高我國婦女的篩檢利用率。 / The National Health Insurance program provided free annual cervical cancer screening for women aged above 30 years old since July, 1995, just four months after the inauguration of the NHI. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the demand for Pap-smear utilization among women under NHI program. To explore the factors influencing cervical cancer screening and the empirical results can be of great importance to health policy decisions aimed at reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. In Chapter 2, we attempt to analyze the theoretical foundations applying the household production function developed by Becker (1965) and Grossman’s (1972) health decision-making model and summarize the literatures through a review of the demand for preventive care services. Three empirical essays will proceed in following three chapters. First of all, chapter 3 presents data obtained from the 1992 and 1998 surveys on ‘Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice’ administered by Taiwan’s Provincial Institute of Family, performing a logit model. The results show that factors affecting Pap smear test utilization varied significantly before and after NHI, besides, the coefficient of the South＊NHI and village/town＊NHI interaction variable for women above 30 become significant and positive. This indicates that NHI system plays an important contributor on reducing the disparities in utilization of Pap smear tests between different areas. In addition to NHI coverage, other strategies such as strengthening educational activities and establishing a service network for Pap-smear screening are other vital contributors to increase the utilization rate of Pap smear screening for those aged below 30 years under NHI. To further increase the utilization of cervical cancer screening, the insurance coverage could be extended to all married women regardless of age. In chapter 4, we attempt to explore the impact of urbanization level on the use of female preventive services under NHI, using a bivariate probit model and dataset obtained from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey provided by the National Health Research Institutes. All 316 cities/counties in Taiwan was stratified into 8 levels of urbanization. The results showed that urbanization levels have a significant influence on Pap-smear screening. Those living between the second and sixth levels of urbanized regions were significant negative to the cervical cancer screening compared to the highest urbanization level. In order to balance the accessibility of cervical cancer screening between different areas, the health authorities encourage the obstetric, gynecological hospitals and clinics to contract with the government, more than 90%, about 1,500 medical care institutions were under contract until 1997. Besides, government authorities introduced mobile testing stations to provide specimen collection services in the deeper remote regions. As a result, those living in the areas with the 7th level and the 8th level (the lowest level) of urbanization were not less likely to take Pap-smear test. It means that the implementation of NHI has enhanced the accessibility of taking pap-smear test. Finally, in chapter 5, the nationwide survey dataset was obtained from the 2002 Health Promotion of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice (HPKAP) in Taiwan, provided by the Bureau of Health Promotion and two-stage estimation model was adopted to investigate the association of cervical cancer screenings with the healthcare information. The results showed that women’s healthcare information has a significant positive effect on the utilization of cervical cancer screening; that is, the more informed women are, in terms of information and knowledge on cervical cancer screening, the more likely they are to undergo Pap-smear testing. Therefore, it is important for the healthcare authorities to place greater effort into strengthening the knowledge and information on cervical cancer screening and Pap-smear testing, for those who are currently less informed, so as to enhance the overall efficiency of the screening program.

浮雕是雕刻藝術中重要的表現方法，藉由在平板上雕刻出高低落差，傳達出豐富的形狀視覺線索，是介於3D雕塑和2D畫作中間的一種物體外形的表現方式。本論文將針對淺浮雕這類型相對高度較低的浮雕技法，將要表達的3D場景壓縮到接近平面但盡可能保留細節。我們使用適應性直方圖均衡化技術去壓縮高度的動態範圍並盡可能強化細節，且經由降低取樣點數量的技巧加速適應性直方圖均衡化的計算，以利於使用者進行互動性自訂風格化。另外依照場景特徵的流向，增加特殊的刻紋去豐富淺浮雕的風格表現。 / Relief is a sculptural technique to express the shape feature on a flat surface. It is an art medium between 3D sculpture and 2D painting. In this thesis, we focus on bas-relief, which is a relatively low relief to compress the depth of 3D scene to a shallow overall depth and preserve details of the shape. We use the adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) to compress the depth range and enhance details, and accelerate the AHE computation by sample reduction, which is in favor of the user interaction of custom stylization. Furthermore, adding special carving patterns according to feature flows of the scene enriches the stylization of the relief generation.

短片《黑夜來臨》述說鄭宇勝－三民高中的王牌投手，正侃侃而談他得到勝利與小聯盟合約的喜悅，這讓他可以逃離充滿恐懼的生活。但其實勝利並不是屬於他的，生涯早已報銷的鄭宇勝，將自己投射在別人的勝利中，逃避現實的威脅，在這場設計成「記者採訪」的心理治療裡，鄭宇勝被迫在幻想中看到矛盾之處，道出一場夢靨與真實的自己，而這又是何其殘酷… 　　《黑夜來臨》以黑色電影手法，從選手心理的角度切入台灣棒球的教育問題，探究選手對其選手生命的心理過程，帶觀眾去經歷這樣的過程，藉由一個極端的遭遇，隱喻當代台灣每一個高中選手面對職涯選擇時，受全球選手交易與高中教育不見全的影想。 　　本創作論述報告包含創作動機、電影表現形式手法、相關心理學研究及高中棒球環境的田野調查報告，亦包含從前製、攝製期與後製期的工作紀錄，並說明本片在試映後的觀眾反應及修改方向。 / In psychiatrist's room, CHENG Yusheng, the ace pitcher from Shan Min Senior High School, was eloquently talking about the wining of the game and the joy of signing his minor league's contract. This is not only a childhood dream but, more important, an escape from a lifelong fear, his mother. But in reality, this victory never belongs to Cheng, his career has ended log time ago. He imagined a victory not his own in order to runaway from the threat of real world. In the process of psychotherapy, Cheng was forced to face the contradictions in his hallucination, and told the story of nightmare and truth. And soon the Darkness is a short film about a Taiwanese high school baseball player’s struggle. The film is produced by skills of film noir, and we look at this situation from the angle of sports psychology, focus on the moment when Taiwanese high school players face their future. The director’s report demonstrates the production background of the story, presents the perspective to make this film, and records the process of the production and screening.

《睜開左眼》真實紀錄了國內四位電視台記者太短又太長，太急又太慢的職業生命。都說記者是無冕王，其實他們像乞丐般一整天蹲在特偵組前面，只為乞求一個不到5秒鐘的約談畫面；或者配合業主拍攝美美的業配新聞。對於一個擔任15年把最精華的人生歲月都給了新聞工作的電視新聞攝影記者來說，究竟「什麼樣的事物是生命當中最重要的註腳」？ 長久以來，觀眾所看到的電視新聞都經過了不只一道的壓縮與過濾，事件真實的樣貌當然是難以窺視。不過在這部紀錄片當中，我們清楚看到了目前商業電視台無法避免的「業配新聞」究竟如何產製？而這些站在第一線見證歷史的攝影記者們又是怎麼面對？ 如果我們把電視媒介生態當成一幅拼圖，那麼「電視新聞攝影記者」與「新聞產製過程」無疑的是兩片重要的拼圖，而紀錄片《睜開左眼》就剛好適時的把這兩片拼圖擺到他應有的位置上。 / The documentary named “Eye on the Left” is literally telling a true story about four TV news cameramen whose life careers in Taiwan were too short, too long, too harsh and too slow. We always said the reporters are the King without Crown, but the truth is, they are little more than a group of beggars sitting in front of the Special Investigation Division all day long, begging for an opportunity to capture the certain person interview by the prosecutor for finding their individual counseling which the content of length is only less than 5 seconds. Thing can be worse that reporters were forced to make a series of nice-looking paid news in order to fulfill the commercial buyers' demand sometimes. As a professional reporter who have been dedicated his prime 15 years to TV news reporting and videos taking, he might ask himself, “what is the most significant thing during my career?” For a long time, the TV news which offer to audiences daily is manipulated by not only but several human interferences and condensed selectively, the truth behind the scene is very hard to reveal to the public. However, in this documentary, we can understand apparently the fact about how the commercial TV company produce the “paid news” which they are just cannot say no to the buyers. And how these TV news cameramen witness and face the historical scenes they encounter in the front line. If we consider that the TV media as an uncompleted jigsaw puzzle, the “TV news cameraman” and the “Process of News Reporting” are undoubtedly the last two essential pieces to assemble together. “Eye on the left”, just put all of them back to their right positions in the best time.

憂鬱症是盛行的精神疾病之一。慢性疼痛或是處在長期壓力情境的患者常與憂鬱症產生共病。在動物研究中，類鴉片delta受體制效劑能產生抗憂鬱效果，並且在發炎性疼痛的研究也指出類鴉片delta受體制效劑能展現抗痛覺過敏的效果。本研究主要利用大白鼠腦室內給予類鴉片delta受體制效劑SNC80以及三環抗憂鬱劑amitriptyline，來探討並比較其所產生的抗憂鬱效果在發炎性疼痛或長期壓力情境下與正常情境下的異同。大白鼠強迫游泳試驗被用來比較測試藥物的抗憂鬱效果；佛氏完全佐劑經由皮下注射至大白鼠右後腳掌底板來產生發炎性疼痛；腎上腺皮質酮經由皮下注射且持續21天來產生長期性壓力；西方墨點法用來檢驗在發炎性疼痛或長期壓力下，類鴉片delta受體蛋白質在大白鼠海馬迴的細胞膜上的改變。另外，拮抗劑實驗則用來確認類鴉片delta受體所產生的抗憂鬱效果。實驗結果顯示，大白鼠在正常情境下，SNC80及amitriptyline皆能產生抗憂鬱效果；然而在發炎性疼痛下，SNC80所產生的抗憂鬱效果有提高的表現，並且類鴉片delta受體蛋白質的數量在海馬迴的細胞膜上也隨著疼痛的時間增長而增加，amitriptyline則跟正常情境下的效果相似。另外，大白鼠在長期性壓力下，SNC80的抗憂鬱效果則沒有提高的表現，並且類鴉片delta受體蛋白質的數量在海馬迴的細胞膜上也未受到改變。本研究透過行為實驗提出類鴉片delta受體制效劑的藥理特性，並用分子生物學的方法來對應行為實驗的結果。本研究可做為未來類鴉片delta受體制效劑在治療慢性疼痛的憂鬱症患者上，可能發展為抗憂鬱藥的一個證據。 / Depression is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses all over the world. Patients with chronic pain or stress often have depression. Previous studies have shown that delta opioid receptor (DOR) agonists produced antidepressant-like effects in animal models and that antihyperalgesic effects of DOR agonists can be enhanced in rats under inflammatory pain. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the antidepressant-like effects of a DOR agonist, SNC80, and a tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration in rats under different states. The forced swim test was used to determine the antidepressant-like effects of test compounds. Complete Freund’s adjuvant was injected subcutaneously into the right hind paw of rats to elicit inflammatory pain. Corticosterone was injected subcutaneously once per day for 21 days to induce chronic stress. The western blot was used to quantify the levels of DOR protein on plasma membrane in the hippocampus of rats under inflammatory pain or chronic stress. In addition, antagonist experiment was conducted to verify the receptor mechanism underlying the antidepressant-like effects of DOR agonist. Results indicated that i.c.v. SNC80 and amitriptyline dose-dependently produced antidepressant-like effects in rats under normal state. More importantly, the potency of SNC80-induced antidepressant-like effects, but not amitriptyline, was enhanced in rats under inflammatory pain. In addition, up-regulation of supraspinal DORs was time-dependently associated with enhanced antidepressant-like effects of SNC80 in rats under inflammatory pain. On the other hand, SNC80 did not produce enhanced antidepressant-like effects, and DOR density was not changed in rats under chronic stress. This study provides evidence of the DOR agonist’s state-dependent effects and suggests that DOR agonists may be more effective as potential antidepressants for patients with depression comorbid with chronic pain.

攝影問世以來，所帶來的影響與文化一直都是人們研究的對象，數位時代後，攝影的樣貌更是大幅改變。隨著智慧型手機的普及，以及各式後製app的興起，分享後製過照片至社群平台成為人們日常生活的常態；在廣受年輕人歡迎的Instagram上，也可看見許多精心後製、特別設計過的相片。本研究探討當今高中女生如何使用app處理手機相片，並發佈於Instagram上展現個人與集體的美感與風格，並進一步了解攝影於她們的意義。 本研究將以符擔性理論（Affordance Theory）作為切入點，透過深入訪談法與實物分析法，了解高中女生後製照片的實踐想法與過程，並持續追蹤、觀察高中女生Instagram上照片風格的呈現及變化。透過兩種研究方法，以更深入理解高中女生對待相片的心態。 研究發現，智慧型手機與Instagram等科技提供了多種符擔性，高中女生與科技互動，並依不同的需求感知到不同的符擔性，並據此做出不同的行為特性；同時，她們也因應自己所需，翻轉科技符擔性的限制，呈現了更多樣的實踐與互動可能。而在現實與虛擬社群中，她們的創意相片也共享了基本的設計原則，創造出屬於她們自己的藝術世界，並重新召喚了靈光再現。 / Since the time of its emergence, the effects that photography has had on culture has been studied by countless people. When it comes to the face of photography, the digitalization era changed it dramatically. The ubiquitousness of smartphones and rise of phone-editing applications has also made sharing apped photos to become part of our daily routines. On the photo-sharing app known as Instagram, the most popular site among teenagers, many well-crafted and expressive images can be found. This study aimed at exploring how Taiwanese high school girls use apps to manipulate their photos, and share these photos on Instagram, in order to demonstrate their personally creative and collective aesthetics. 　 This research was based on the Affordance Theory and contained two methods: in-depth interviews and methods of practical analysis in order to gain a deeper understanding of high school girls’ attitudes toward photography. 　 The study displayed that smartphones and Instagram provide a variety of affordances. Through interactaction with technology, high school girls perceive different affordances based on their own demands. They also interpret the limits of affordances, and thus do more or less designing practice on their photos, depending on their needs. The creativity of high school girls’ images share basic design principles which enable them to create their own art world and a specific aura with their photos.

隨著YouTube的普及與拍攝影片的門檻降低，愈來愈多使用者將自製影片分享至網路平台，其中也包含以科學為主題的網路影片，加上近年來如PanSci泛科學、Taiwan Bar以及Oisee等知識型YouTube頻道在國內興起，網路科學影片已然成為使用者分享資訊的方法之一，具備傳播知識的潛力。然而，網路科學影片儘管在網路上具有相當高的人氣，卻因其缺乏科學機構或媒體組織的把關，呈現方式和表現手法皆與傳統科學影片不盡相同，所能發揮傳播科學之功能也時常被忽略。故本研究以網路科學影片為研究對象，試圖瞭解網路科學影片所蘊含之人性化特質，及其促進科學參與之可能。 本研究採文本分析法，並以主題分析法作為資料分析的方法，選取國內外與科學主題相關之YouTube頻道及影片進行文本檢視。本研究歸納出網路科學影片人性化特質的三個影響面向，分別是：使得網路科學影片更加強調創作者個人特質、重視人與人之間的互動，並使之蘊含著鼓勵創作的「隨創」精神。 結果發現，網路科學影片強調以「人」為主體之運作方式，將傳統專家至上之科學權威轉移成任何使用者的分享論述，因而更有機會促進民眾認知參與、線上參與以及創作行為的投入，提升科學參與的可能性。整體而言，本研究以人性化的觀點探討網路科學影片之特質，並認為其有機會能夠促進科學的參與，主要之研究目的在於重新審視其在科學傳播所扮演的角色與功能，以帶動更多與網路科學影片相關的討論與研究發展。