My dissertation is based on the appraisal of wooden roof construction in baroque church Nanebevzetí Panny Marie in Vranově nad Dyjí. The main reason of this appraisal was preserving the church´s interior which was newly reconstructed with high historical value. The dissertation includes also the rehabilitation solution. The appraisal was based on the research witch used sense and instrumental methods. In the first part were found out all size of each construction´s parts and was established the type of rafters´ systém. Then the research solved some impaired wooden parts and their reasons. For suitable rehabilitation solution was defined the transition between well and impaired part. The best rehabilitation solution is the construction solution by the conditions using further procedures, e.g. preventive chemical protection.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Problematik der Qualitätssicherung beim wissenschaftlichen Publizieren umfassend diskutiert. Dabei werden die spezifischen Charakteristika hervorgehoben, die sich aus dem elektronischen Publizieren, Open-Access-basierter Geschäftsmodelle und insbesondere bei der Realisierung von Open-Access-Zeitschriften ergeben. Aus den unterschiedlichen Ansätzen, die für die Qualitätsbewertung und deren wesentliche Zielstellung – die Herausfilterung relevanter und geprüfter Informationen – infrage kommen, werden vor allem die Peer-Review-Verfahren näher betrachtet. In diesem Zusammenhang werden Schwachpunkte und prinzipielle Kritik an Peer Review aufgezählt und in den Kontext der bisherigen Untersuchungen auf diesem Gebiet gesetzt. Wesentlicher Bestandteil der Arbeit ist eine Klassifikation von Peer-Review-Verfahren anhand unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften und deren möglicher Ausprägungen. Obwohl Peer Review seit Jahrzehnten Gegenstand teils grundsätzlicher Kritik ist, wird dieser Ansatz noch immer als Mittel der Wahl für die vor der Publikation stattfindende Qualitätssicherung betrachtet. Währenddessen stehen die stets an Bedeutung gewinnenden Open-Access-Zeitschriften unter dem Verdacht, geringere Qualitätsmaßstäbe anzusetzen und Artikel zu publizieren, die zuvor keine oder eine weniger strenge Kontrolle durchlaufen haben. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde für die vorliegende Arbeit eine umfassende Studie durchgeführt, die darauf abzielt, Peer-Review-Verfahren wissenschaftlicher Open-Access-Zeitschriften zu untersuchen. Unter Nutzung der durch das Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) bereitgestellten Daten wurden mehr als 3.000 Herausgeber befragt. Mit einer Rücklaufquote von mehr als 40 % können die gefundenen Ergebnisse als durchaus repräsentativ betrachtet werden. Sie zeigen deutlich, dass die meisten Open-Access-Zeitschriften Peer-Review-Verfahren einsetzen und legen außerdem nahe, dass eine große Bandbreite unterschiedlicher Verfahren und Eigenschaften von Peer Review existieren – etwa die gegenseitige Anonymität von Autoren und Gutachtern, der Informationsfluss, das Verfahren zur Auswahl der Gutachter und formale Regelungen in Bezug auf mögliche Interessenkonflikte. Dabei hängt das Aussehen eines konkreten Peer-Review-Verfahrens wesentlich von dem Wissenschaftsgebiet und der Art des Verlegers der betreffenden Zeitschrift ab. Darüber hinaus können Zusammenhänge zwischen externen Qualitätsindikatoren und Peer-Review-Eigenschaften beobachtet werden. / The present work broadly discusses the problem of quality assurance in the field of scholarly publishing. It highlights the specific characteristics resulting from electronic publishing, business models based on Open Access, and particularly Open Access Journals. Out of the different approaches for quality assessment and its fundamental purpose – filtering relevant and audited information – mainly peer review processes are examined in detail. In this context weak points and basic criticisms on peer review are enumerated and subsequently discussed with respect to known studies in this field. As a major part the present work contains a classification of peer review processes regarding different properties and its potential values. Although it has been subject to fundamental criticism for decades peer review is still widely considered to be the method of choice for pre-publication quality assurance in scholarly publishing. Meanwhile, open access journals which increasingly appear within the scholarly publication market regularly raise suspicion to follow lower quality standards and to publish articles which have passed no or less rigorous editorial examination. Against this background the present work presents a comprehensive survey which aims at analyzing peer review processes of scholarly open access journals. Using the data provided by the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) more than 3.000 editors have been asked to participate. With an overall return rate of about 40 % the resulting findings can be considered as highly representative. They clearly show that most open access journals actually apply peer review processes. Moreover, the analysis indicates that there exists a broad variety of different procedures and characteristics constituting peer review, includ-ing reciprocal anonymity between authors and reviewers, information flow, the reviewer selection process, and formal settlements as for conflicts of interest. Thereby, the nature of the applied peer review process strongly depends on the scholarly discipline of the respective journal and its publisher. In addition, correlations between external quality indicators and peer review properties could be observed.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Improving performance management is a high priority for many organizations that want to improve the performance of their employees. Recently, researchers have focused on the social context to promote behavioral change, and have created new scales to examine context, such as the feedback environment. The current study examined internal and external accountability as mediators of the relationship between the feedback environment and developmental behaviors. Participants each completed three scales measuring the feedback environment, internal and external accountability, and developmental behaviors. Results suggested that internal and external accountability both mediate the relationship between the feedback environment and developmental behaviors, but neither is a stronger mediator than the other. In addition, internal and external accountability both mediate the relationship between each component of the feedback environment and developmental behaviors, but again neither is a stronger mediator than the other. This study contributed to the literature on performance management, and emphasized the importance of training supervisors to use the feedback environment to increase perceptions of accountability for employees.

[pt] A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo principal contribuir com entendimentos sobre a prática da enfermagem durante o período reconhecido como o de pandemia da COVID-19 no município do Rio de Janeiro. Através da análise de narrativas emergentes na entrevista, objetivo elucubrar sobre as emoções que afloram no discurso (LE BRETON, 2009), as interações sócio discursivas nas quais identidades emergem e interagem entre si (MOITA LOPES, 2001; 2006) e evidências da ação de correntes hegemônicas (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001a; 2001b). A fim de subsidiar tal investigação, amparo-me no Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; ROSE, 2007) em diálogo com a Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY; MATHIESSEN, 2014) para augurar uma análise micro situada e na Linguística Aplicada Contemporânea (MOITA LOPES, 2006) e a Análise do Discurso Crítica (CHOULIARAKI; FAIRCLOUGH, 1999; VAN DJIK, 2005) para conjecturar uma análise macro. Assim, alinhando-me aos conceitos promulgados pela pesquisa qualitativa (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006), analiso as narrativas de sofrimento de enfermeiros e técnicos em enfermagem que vivenciaram a situação pandêmica desde o seu início, observando de que forma situam a si mesmos e os outros, se posicionam axiologicamente perante a sociedade e as correntes hegemônicas e os atravessamentos de suas experiências. Através das entrevistas, foram estruturados quatro blocos de análise sendo estes: O Início da Pandemia, Politica(gem), A Linha de Frente e O Pós (?) pandemia. Os resultados sugerem que estes profissionais suportaram uma fastidiosa carga emocional e física exigida no exercício da profissão no período em questão e evidenciam a interferência de interesses hegemônicos nas práticas discursivas e profissionais desses indivíduos. / [en] The main objective of this research is to contribute to understandings about nursing practice during the period recognized as the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Through the analysis of emerging narratives in the nondirective interview, I aim to elucidate about what emotions emerge in discourse (LE BRETON, 2009), the socio-discursive interactions in which identities emerge and interact with each other (MOITA LOPES, 2001; 2006) and evidence of hegemonic currents in the action (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001a; 2001b). In order to support this investigation, I rely on the Evaluation System (MARTIN; ROSE, 2007) in dialogue with Systemic-Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY; MATHIESSEN, 2014) to inaugurate a micro-situated analysis and on Contemporary Applied Linguistics (MOITA LOPES, 2006) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CHOULIARAKI; FAIRCLOUGH, 1999; VAN DJIK, 2005) to conjecture a macro analysis. Aligning myself with the concepts promulgated by qualitative research (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006), I analyze the suffering narratives of nurses and nursing technicians who have experienced the pandemic situation since its beginning. Thus, observing how they situate themselves and the others, position themselves axiologically before society and the hegemonic currents and the crossings of their experiences. Through the interviews, four blocks of analysis were structured: O Início da Pandemia, Politica(gem), A Linha de Frente and O Pós (?) Pandemia. Results suggest that these professionals bore a lumbering emotional and physical load required in the exercise of the profession at that time and evidence interference of hegemonic interests in the discursive and professional practices of these individuals.

Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur Folkhälsomyndigheten, Socialstyrelsen och Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB) konstruerar identiteter och gemenskaper med de inledande anförandena under de myndighetsgemensamma pressträffarna om covid-19. Materialet utgörs av 40 transkriberade anföranden från perioden mars 2020 till januari 2021 som analyseras i tre steg. I det första identifieras samtliga personliga pronomen i subjektsposition, och VI- och MAN-omtalens klusivitet kategoriseras. I det andra bestäms vilka processtyper som talarna realiserar med omtalen utifrån systemisk-funktionell grammatik. Därefter grupperas omtalen i tre gemenskaper: Myndigheten, Situationen och Allmänheten. I det sista steget analyseras graden av dialogicitet i gemenskaperna utifrån appraisalteorin. Därtill identifieras ett urval samhörighetsmarkörer. Resultatet visar att de tre myndigheterna använder sex typer av VI och fyra typer av MAN. De föredrar att tala om Myndigheten och framställa den som handlingskraftig och kunnig, en karakterisering de också förutsätter att lyssnaren delar. Situationen som gemenskap präglas av beskrivningar och tolkningar, medan Allmänheten formas med uppmaningar och instruktioner. På vilket sätt myndigheterna omtalar gemenskaperna, och i vilken utsträckning de öppnar för andra perspektiv, varierar. Skillnaderna i de språkliga valen kan till viss del förklaras av myndigheternas skilda uppdrag och målgrupper. Men det utbredda användandet av mottagarinkluderande VI bör studeras vidare för att fastställa om inkluderandet är ett uttryck för en tillfällig närhetsskapande kriskommunikationsstrategi eller en indikation på en ytterligare informalisering av myndighetsspråket. / This thesis investigates how three Swedish public authorities – the Public Health Agency of Sweden, the National Board of Health and Welfare, and the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency – establish identities and alliances in their initial statements during the joint press conferences on covid-19. The material consists of 40 statements made between March 2020 and January 2021. The transcribed statements are analysed in three steps. First, each personal pronoun in the subject position is identified, and the clusivity of first-person plural VI (we) and generic MAN (one) are categorized. Second, the process associated with these pronouns is determined using the systemic functional grammar framework. The categories are then grouped into three speaker-included alliances: The Authority, The Situation, and The General public. In the third step, based on the Appraisal framework these alliances are analysed by the level of engagement stated by the speaker. A selection of lexical indicators of belongingness is also identified. The result shows that the three authorities use six types of first-person plural VI and four types of generic pronoun MAN. They prefer to talk about The Authority and portray it as vigorous and knowledgeable, a characterization they expect the listener to share. The Situation is characterized by descriptions and interpretations, while The General public is established with exhortations and instructions. How the authorities define the alliances and to what extent they are open to other perspectives varies. The differences in linguistic choices can, to a certain degree, be explained by the authorities’ different responsibilities and target audiences. However, the wide dispersive use of a first-person plural VI which includes the public should be further studied to determine if it expresses a crisis communications strategy to temporarily achieve proximity to the citizens or indicates a continuing informalization of the official language.

No description available.

[pt] O presente estudo tem como objetivo a análise discursiva de narrativas geradas na interação entre mulheres migrantes e a obra literária A hora da estrela, de Clarice Lispector, que possui como temática central a migração. O ambiente de geração dos dados, assim, é contextualizado pela literatura, que é pano de fundo para as interações; e pela temática da migração, que tangencia as histórias de vida dessas mulheres – Cássia, Taís, eu mesma e Macabéa – protagonista da obra literária escolhida. O foco da pesquisa está voltado para o acontece na interação entre as participantes e para a (re)elaboração de experiências nas narrativas, quando temas ligados à construção de identidades, estigmas e instituições emergiram de forma recorrente. Sendo assim, de forma mais específica, os objetivos são: (i) analisar o discurso narrativo das participantes no que diz respeito às suas experiências migratórias; (ii) analisar como as participantes avaliam suas experiências vividas a partir da interação com a obra literária e (iii) analisar que identidades, estigmas e instituições emergem nessa prática discursiva avaliativa que as participantes elaboram acerca de seu processo migratório. Esta pesquisa insere-se no âmbito da Linguística Aplicada (MOITA LOPES, 2006; 2013) e propõe uma investigação de cunho interdisciplinar entre os Estudos da Linguagem e a Literatura. Para fundamentar as análises, o arcabouço teórico-metodológico dialoga com teorias de linguagem de base social, a saber as áreas de análise de narrativa e os estudos de identidade (BASTOS, 2008); da sociolinguística interacional, a partir de alguns conceitos cunhados por Goffman (1961; 1963; 1979); e da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY, 1994; GOUVEIA, 2009; NÓBREGA, 2009), especialmente, o Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005). No âmbito dos Estudos Literários, recorro à estética da recepção à teoria do efeito estético, principalmente aos postulados de Jaus (1994 (1969)) e de Iser (1996 (1976)), que se preocupam com a relação entre texto e leitor. Dessa forma, o alinhamento metodológico se dá com a pesquisa qualitativa (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006), por ser uma investigação situada em teorias de bases sociais. A pesquisa também possui um cunho autoetnográfico (ELLIS, ADAMS; BOCHNER, 2010), visto que se desenvolve em um contexto familiar, em que uma das participantes possui uma relação direta de parentesco com a pesquisadora. Os resultados das análises sugerem que as interlocutoras, por meio de suas histórias de vida, (re)constroem identidades e afetos pela diferenciação de Macabéa, personagem da obra literária. Os momentos avaliativos se mostram fundamentais para (re)construção das narrativas, que dialogam com o contexto de leitura da obra de Clarice. Sendo assim, Cássia e Taís (co)constroem e (re)constroem identidades para migrante nordestina, recontextualizando uma mulher crédula e ingênua na figura de uma mulher batalhadora, estudiosa, que busca e conquista sua ascensão social apesar dos estigmas sofridos e das vivências de abuso nas chamadas casas de famílias, entendidas como instituições totais. Esta tese pode contribuir de forma original para a área de Linguística Aplicada, que incentiva pesquisas de caráter inter/transdisciplinar. Além disso, mostra-se um ato de (re)existência – e de resistência – de tantas histórias de mulheres nordestinas e migrantes. / [en] The present study aims at analyzing narratives generated in the interaction between migrant women and the literary work The hour of the star, by Clarice Lispector, whose main theme is migration. Thus, the environment of data generation is contextualized by the literature, which is the background for interactions; and by migration, topic that touches the life stories of these women – Cassia, Taís, myself and Macabéa – protagonist of the chosen literary work. The focus of the research is on what happens in the interaction between the participants and the (re)elaboration of narrative experiences, when themes related to the construction of identities, stigmas and institutions emerged in a recurrent way. Hence the objectives are: (i) to analyze the narrative discourse of the participants regarding their migratory experiences; (ii) to investigate how the participants evaluate their lived experiences in the interaction with the literary work and (iii) to observe which identities, stigmas and institutions emerge in this evaluative discursive practice that the participants made about their migratory process. This research is developed within the scope of Applied Linguistics (MOITA LOPES, 2006; 2013) and proposes an interdisciplinary investigation between Language Studies and Literature. To support the analysis, the theoretical-methodological framework dialogues with socially based language theories, namely the areas of Narrative Analysis and Identity Studies (BASTOS, 2008); of Sociointeractional Perspective of Discourse, based on some concepts from Goffman (1961; 1963; 1979); and of SFL (HALLIDAY, 1994; GOUVEIA, 2009; NÓBREGA, 2009), especially the Appraisal Theory (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005). In the context of Literary Studies, I refer to the Aesthetic of Reception and the Theory of Aesthetic Effect, especially to the postulates of Jauss ((1969) 1994) and Iser ((1976) 1996), that concern with the relationship between text and reader. The methodological framework aligns with qualitative research (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006), as it is an investigation situated on socially based theories. The research also has an auto-ethnographic aspect (ELLIS, ADAMS; BOCHNER, 2010), since it is carried out in a familiar context, in which one of the participants has a direct relationship with the researcher. Results suggest that interlocutors, through their life stories, (re)construct identities and emotions through the differentiation of Macabéa, character of the literary work. The evaluative moments are fundamental for the (re)construction of narratives, which dialogues with the reading context of Clarice s work. Cassia and Taís (co)construct and (re)construct identities for the migrant from northeastern of Brazil, recontextualizing a gullible and naive woman in the figure of a struggling, studious woman who seeks and conquers her social ascension despite the stigmas suffered and experiences of abuse in the so-called family homes, understood here as total institutions. This thesis may contribute in an original way to the area of Applied Linguistics, encouraging inter and transdisciplinary research. Moreover, it is shown an act of (re)existence – and resistance – of so many stories of migrant women from northeastern of Brazil.

Text in Afrikaans / Current society view performance appraisal in organization as a very important component and organization are sometimes legally obliged to apply performance appraisal. From a qualitative perspective the researcher want to explore and describe the criteria that must be taken in account during performance appraisal of community developers. A qualitative approach will be utilized following an explorative, descriptive and contextual research design. The study will be conducted by municipalities, non-governmental organizations and state departments in the Boland area in the Western Cape. Data will be collected by means of semi-structured focusgroup interviews with community developers. Data will be analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (in Creswell, 1994). Guba's model (in Krefting, 1991) will be employed for data verification. Recommendations were provided according the criteria that must be taken in account with performance appraisal for community developers. / Prestasiebeoordeling word in die hedendaagse samelewing as 'n belangrike komponent binne enige organisasie beskou en organisasies word soms wetlik verplig om prestasiebeoordeling toe te pas. Vanuit 'n kwalitatiewe perspektief beplan die navorser die navorsingstudie om kriteria wat in aanmerking geneem behoort te word by prestasiebeoordeling van gemeenskapsontwikkelaars te verken en te beskryf. Vir die doel gaan 'n verkennende, bekrywende en konteksueie navorsingsontwerp geimplimenteer word. Die studie sal gedoen word by munisipaliteite, nieregeringsorganisasies en staatsdepartmente in die Boland streek in die Wes-Kaap. Semi-gestruktureerde fokusgroeponderhoude sal met gemeenskapsontwikkelaars gevoer word om die toepaslike data in te samel. Data sal geanaliseer word volgens die stappe van Tesch (in Creswell, 1994)) en data verifiering sal volgens Guba se model (in Krefting, 1991) onderneem word. Aanbevelings is voorsien met betrekking tot kriteria wat in aanmerking geneem kan word by prestasiebeoordeling van gemeenskapsontwikkelaars. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Social Work)

Apartheid left a legacy that is spatially skewed. This is reflected in the present patterns of poverty and inequality in South Africa. While a number of global and national initiatives are in place to reduce the levels of poverty and inequality in rural South Africa, this research aimed at the development of a tool that would be able to assist communities themselves in reducing their own levels of poverty and inequality. This research was undertaken in collaboration with the Greater Rustenburg Community Foundation and a variety of rural communities in South Africa. The Community Asset Mapping Programme (CAMP) has as its purpose the achievement of sustainable and responsible high impact social change within communities. CAMP enables community members to map their own assets and empowers them to use these assets sustainably to create a better life for themselves. Communities are empowered to identify their own entrepreneurship and livelihood strategies and opportunities in an attempt to generate their own wealth. Unlike many existing asset mapping applications, CAMP advocates that the success of any roots-driven change depends on the inclusion of processes that will provide a cognitive shift in terms of a variety of processes such as wishes, fears, trust, self-worth, and power mapping, all providing different components that ensure a process of sustainable change within communities. The research presents an argument that if communities are to achieve effective roots-driven change they would require partnerships with Non Profit Organisations, government, civil society, business, and institutes of higher learning, who are willing to stand aside and allow communities to decide their own priorities in their journey to achieve their own wealth, but who would be willing to provide funding, mentorship, skills, and a continuous monitoring process over the medium to long term. / Sociology / Ph.D. (Geography)

The current rapid school curriculum reform initiatives in the South African education system require teachers to develop continuously in order to understand and implement them effectively. Conversely, most teachers’ continuing professional development (CPD) activities based on curriculum change implementation are inadequate to produce their intended results. Teachers continue grappling with limited subject content knowledge, how to teach and assess in the outcomes-based way, and how to evaluate and select high quality textbooks. Extant studies suggest that most CPD approaches used thus far are typically loosely-matched to the teachers’ actual CPD needs, unrelated to classroom realities, and are seldom followed-up. These limitations imply deep-rooted problems and issues concerning how the relevant management structures within the various levels of the Department of Basic Education manage teachers’ CPD for curriculum change implementation. This qualitative case study examines the role of curriculum coordinators and school management teams (SMTs) in managing teachers’ CPD for curriculum change implementation, respectively, at the selected area offices and secondary schools in the North West Province. Through purposive sampling, this study involved the following participants: four curriculum coordinators, eight subject advisors, 24 principals, 24 Heads of Departments and 24 teachers. Empirical data were collected by means of interviews and document analysis. Data analysis followed Tesch’s steps for open coding. The findings suggest that the identified curriculum coordinators and SMTs are ineffective in discharging their role of managing teachers’ CPD for curriculum change implementation. They lack sound understanding of their role, and they also experience a litany of practical impediments. These barriers, inter alia, include limited training for CPD managers, shortage of relevant resources, difficulties of finding a suitable day and time for teachers’ CPD, CPD managers’ work overload and teachers’ change weariness. The implications of these findings on the quality of teachers’ CPD for curriculum change implementation are outlined. Relevant guidelines are developed to address the above challenges. It is anticipated that the findings and recommendations in this study will provide valuable and timely contributions in the fields of teacher development and curriculum change implementation. / Educational Leadership and Management / D. Ed. (Education Management)