Southern Appalachian spruce-fir sky islands are globally threatened, boreal relict forests where red spruce (Picea rubens) and Fraser fir (Abies fraseri) are dominant. Fraser fir dominates at the highest elevations with spruce-fir and spruce-dominated stands at middle elevations and hardwoods associating at lower elevations. A primary concern is encroachment of hardwoods upslope as climate change-driven milder temperatures and high precipitation confine spruce-fir forests to even higher elevations. We performed a dendrochronological analysis of growth rates in red spruce, Fraser fir, and competing hardwoods between cover types and slope aspects at six sky islands. We created linear models to test effects of aspect, cover type, and year on basal area growth measurements of red spruce, Fraser fir, and hardwoods to assess effects of competition. Growth rates were significantly affected by species, aspect, cover type, and year, and generally increased over time. Red spruce growth rates varied by combination of aspect and cover type but were greater than those of hardwoods on northern and southern aspects. Fraser fir growth rates were negative on southern-facing fir-dominated stands but increased in all other stands with the highest growth rates found in fir-dominated stands. The differences we report by cover type and aspect could help conservation practitioners prioritize treatment locations to improve climate resiliency. / Master of Science / Southern Appalachian spruce-fir sky islands are globally threatened, boreal relict forests where red spruce (Picea rubens) and Fraser fir (Abies fraseri) are dominant. Fraser fir dominates at the highest elevations with spruce-fir and spruce-dominated stands at middle elevations and hardwoods associating at lower elevations. A primary concern is encroachment of hardwoods upslope as climate change-driven milder temperatures and high precipitation confine spruce-fir forests to even higher elevations. We performed a dendrochronological analysis of growth rates in red spruce, Fraser fir, and competing hardwoods between cover types and slope aspects at six sky islands. We created linear models to test effects of aspect, cover type, and year on basal area growth measurements of red spruce, Fraser fir, and hardwoods to assess effects of competition. Growth rates were significantly affected by species, aspect, cover type, and year, and generally increased over time. Red spruce growth rates varied by combination of aspect and cover type but were greater than those of hardwoods on northern and southern aspects. Fraser fir growth rates were negative on southern-facing fir-dominated stands but increased in all other stands with the highest growth rates found in fir-dominated stands. The differences we report by cover type and aspect could help conservation practitioners prioritize treatment locations to improve climate resiliency.

Titel: Hybridarbete, det nya arbetssättet efter Covid-19. - Samspelet mellan situationsanpassat ledarskap, arbetsutförande och psykosocial arbetsmiljö. Problembakgrund: Covid-19 har inneburit en förändrad arbetssituation inom tjänstesektorn, vilket lett till att hybridarbete implementerats. Med ledarens centrala uppgift, att påverka de anställda att nå organisationens mål, förändras ledarskapet och i vilken kontext som ledarskapet utövas eftersom medarbetare delvis befinner sig på distans. Att arbeta på en hybridarbetplats innebär även en förändrad arbetsmiljö för de anställda. Hybridarbete och dess arbetsmiljö kan därmed identifieras som en utmaning för ledarskapet i syfte att påverka de anställdas arbetsutförande. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att skapa förståelse för hur medarbetarnas arbetsutförande kan påverkas av chefens situationsanpassade ledarskap och en förändrad psykosocial arbetsmiljö på en hybridarbetsplats.  Metod: Studien utgår från en kvantitativ metod med en abduktiv ansats. Enkätundersökningar har utformats i Microsoft Forms och besvarats av 70 respondenter, varav 60 medarbetare och 10 chefer, som använder sig av en hybridarbetsplats. Slutsats: Beroende på hur chefer anpassar sin ledarskapsstil, i termer av kommunikation, anpassningsförmåga, tillgänglighet och socialt stöd får det en positiv eller negativ inverkan på medarbetarnas arbetsutförande. Chefer bör beakta individens preferenser avseende den psykosociala arbetsmiljön, eftersom en god psykosocial arbetsmiljö stärker arbetsutförandet. / Title: Hybrid work, the new way of working after Covid-19. - The interplay between situational leadership, work performance and psychosocial work environment. Problem: Covid-19 has meant a changed work situation in the service sector, which has led to hybrid work being implemented. With the leader's central task, to influence the employees to achieve the organization's goals, the leadership changes and in which context the leadership is exercised because employees are partly at a distance. Working in a hybrid workplace also means a changed work environment for the employees. Hybrid work and these work environments can thus be identified as a challenge for leadership to influence employees' work performance. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to create an understanding of how employees' work performance can be affected by the manager's situation-adapted leadership and a changed psychosocial work environment in a hybrid workplace. Method: The study is based on a quantitative method with an abductive approach. Surveys were designed in Microsoft Forms and answered by 70 respondents, including 60 employees and 10 managers, who use a hybrid workplace. Results: Depending on how managers adapt their leadership style, in terms of communication, adaptability, accessibility and social support, it has a positive or negative impact on employees' work performance. Managers should consider the individual's preferences regarding the psychosocial work environment, as good psychosocial work environment strengthens work performance.

Mathematics education is a human activity that helps to develop mental processes in order to enhance logical and critical thinking which will contribute to one’s decision-making process and to solve problems (DBE, 2011c). For one to be able to do Mathematics, strategies should be generated in order to solve problems. The performance in Mathematics is very poor and educational researchers have identified various reasons for the poor performance in mathematics. Therefore, South Africa has developed an assessment tool known as the ANA, to determine the learners’ weaknesses in mathematics at national, provincial, district and school level (DBE, 2013). An approach research (in the South African context) was to explore Intermediate Phase Mathematics teacher’s awareness of their metacognitive strategy use. The main purpose of my research study was to understand, to what extent Intermediate Phase Mathematics teachers become aware of metacognitive strategies during an adapted lesson study process. To achieve this purpose, the study aims to investigate the teachers’ awareness of metacognitive strategies before and during an adapted lesson study process. Empirical qualitative research based on a design research approach took place within the interpretative paradigm. Descriptive data was generated by means of semi-structured focus group interviews and a reflective diary was held with double-medium participants who were selected. The data were analysed by means of content analyses which proceeded by using mind maps, where codes and themes were related to the literature. The results show that most of the teachers were aware of the metacognitive strategies, but it can be that they lack knowing when, where and how to use these metacognitive strategies as they do not plan their lessons on a regular basis. Teachers also feel more comfortable when planning lesson collaboratively as they feel that they learn from one another. In conclusion an adapted lesson study could be a positive plan of action to provide teachers with the opportunity to plan lessons collaboratively and reflect on one another’s’ ideas. Teachers can become more aware of their metacognitive strategies when planning lessons in order to implement these metacognitive strategies during their lessons. In this way learners could be empowered to become metacognitive (think about their thinking) and to reflect on their actions which might contribute to their performance of mathematics. / MEd (Mathematics Education), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Mathematics education is a human activity that helps to develop mental processes in order to enhance logical and critical thinking which will contribute to one’s decision-making process and to solve problems (DBE, 2011c). For one to be able to do Mathematics, strategies should be generated in order to solve problems. The performance in Mathematics is very poor and educational researchers have identified various reasons for the poor performance in mathematics. Therefore, South Africa has developed an assessment tool known as the ANA, to determine the learners’ weaknesses in mathematics at national, provincial, district and school level (DBE, 2013). An approach research (in the South African context) was to explore Intermediate Phase Mathematics teacher’s awareness of their metacognitive strategy use. The main purpose of my research study was to understand, to what extent Intermediate Phase Mathematics teachers become aware of metacognitive strategies during an adapted lesson study process. To achieve this purpose, the study aims to investigate the teachers’ awareness of metacognitive strategies before and during an adapted lesson study process. Empirical qualitative research based on a design research approach took place within the interpretative paradigm. Descriptive data was generated by means of semi-structured focus group interviews and a reflective diary was held with double-medium participants who were selected. The data were analysed by means of content analyses which proceeded by using mind maps, where codes and themes were related to the literature. The results show that most of the teachers were aware of the metacognitive strategies, but it can be that they lack knowing when, where and how to use these metacognitive strategies as they do not plan their lessons on a regular basis. Teachers also feel more comfortable when planning lesson collaboratively as they feel that they learn from one another. In conclusion an adapted lesson study could be a positive plan of action to provide teachers with the opportunity to plan lessons collaboratively and reflect on one another’s’ ideas. Teachers can become more aware of their metacognitive strategies when planning lessons in order to implement these metacognitive strategies during their lessons. In this way learners could be empowered to become metacognitive (think about their thinking) and to reflect on their actions which might contribute to their performance of mathematics. / MEd (Mathematics Education), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Darbe atlikta teorinė inkliuzinio ugdymo sampratos, ugdymo(si) individualizavimo veiksnių bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje analizė. Iškelta hipotezė, kad pedagogai, individualizuodami ugdymo procesą, patiria sunkumų įvairiuose ugdymo individualizavimo srityse, kurie lemia specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių ugdymosi kokybę. Turinio (content) analizės ir struktūruoto stebėjimo metodais buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas – atskleisti ir įvertinti ugdymo(si) individualizavimo veiksnius kokybės aspektu. Atlikta kokybinė gautų duomenų analizė. Tyrime dalyvavo 4 bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų pedagogai, 4 specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turintys mokiniai. Buvo išanalizuotos 4 adaptuotos programos. Empirinėje dalyje analizuojamas adaptuotų programų pritaikymas individualiems mokinių gebėjimams ir poreikiams. ugdymo(si) turinio ir proceso individualizavimas. Vertinami ugdymo(si) individualizavimo veiksniai pedagogo ir mokinio veikloje. Aptariami ugdymo(si) individualizavimo teigiami ir neigiami aspektai. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Lietuvių kalbos adaptuotų programų turinio analizės rezultatai parodė, kad programose trūksta išsamaus mokinio gebėjimų ir individualiųjų poreikių įvertinimo. Pedagogų keliami tikslai labiau abstraktūs, orientuoti į dalykinių gebėjimų ugdymą ir dalinai susiję su mokinio gebėjimais. Ugdymo(si) turinys nederinamas su bendrojo ugdymo turiniu. Mokymo būdai ir metodai parinkti labiau elementarūs ir dalinai atitinkantys mokinio negalę. Galima... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this research work there was done theoretical analysis of inclusive education conception, as well as factors of individualization in the process of education at comprehensive school. Hypothesis was set, that pedagogues, in the process of individualized education meet various difficulties which determine the quality of education for students with special educational needs. By the methods of content analysis and structural observation there was done a research, the aim of which was – to disclose and assess the factors of individualization in teaching – learning process in the aspect of quality. The qualitative data analysis was done. In the survey participated 4 comprehensive school pedagogues, 4 pupils having special educational needs. There were analysed programmes prepared at Pakruojis region comprehensive schools. In the empirical part adapted curriculum compilation and application matching with the pupils’ learning abilities and needs, as well as the individualization of educational content and the process for the schoolchildren with special educational needs, are analysed. The factors of individualization in teachers – pupil’s practice are evaluated too. Positive and negative aspects of individualized educational process are discussed. The most important conclusions of empirical research: 1. The results of analysis of adapted Lithuanian programmes content showed that there is lack of full – scale evaluation in defining pupils’ personal abilities and individual needs... [to full text]

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En se penchant sur l'émergence d'un nouveau sport appelé le Baskin (Basket inclusif), né en Italie au début des années 2000 dans le but de permettre la participation conjointe de joueurs dits "valides" et de joueurs ayant une déficience, l'étude entend contribuer à comprendre dans quelle mesure et de quelle manière la logique sportive et la logique inclusive peuvent cohabiter. C'est le processus d'innovation sociale que représente l'itinéraire du Baskin en Italie de 2001 à 2013 que la recherche retient comme clé de lecture privilégiée pour aborder ce rapprochement problématique entre la tendance sélective du sport à créer de l'homogénéité, et la tendance inclusive à valoriser l'hétérogénéité. Le Baskin incarne-t-il dans le champ sportif un nouveau modèle culturel, une forme de sociabilité originale, une fiction démocratique innovante se situant dans cet entre-deux paradoxal, conciliant hétérogénéité et compétition, et évitant en même temps le double écueil de la normalisation et de l'assistanat ? Fort et fragile à la fois de cette double identité, sportive et inclusive, le développement du Baskin révèle un processus ouvert et incertain, où se succèdent le processus d'ingénierie pédagogique d'un sport dont l'architecture est construite selon les principes de la conception universelle, les processus délicats d'appropriation de cette invention par le milieu social, enfin l'orientation vers l'institutionnalisation de cette nouvelle pratique afin de la faire éventuellement accéder au patrimoine culturel commun. une enquête immersive est développée en tâchant de restituer quelques fragments significatifs sur ce cas inédit au travers d'un ancrage transdisciplinaire / Baskin (inclusive Basketball) was born in Italy in the early 2000s to allow the joint participation of so-called "able-bodied" players and players with disabilities. By focusing on the emergence of this new sport, this study aims to understand how well the sports logic can co-exist with the inclusive logic. The process of social innovation, as represented by the evolution of Baskin in Italy from 2001 to 2013, provides a privileged key for reading this study, which addresses the conflict arising from the tendency of sport to generate selection and homogeneity and the tendency of inclusion to value heterogeneity. To what extent does Baskin represent a new cultural model in sport and design an original form of social interaction ? Can it be considered an innovative democratic fiction situated in this paradoxical in-between which reconciles heterogeneity and competition and avoids at the same time the twin pitfalls of standardization and charitable welfarism ? This dual identity, sport and inclusiveness, gives Baskin strenght but also fragility. That's why the development of this new sport reveals an open and uncertain process of many parts : first the educational engineering of Baskin according to the principles of Design for all, then its delicate process of diffusion into the social environment, and finally the first steps of institutionalization of this new practice, with the aim of ultimately incorporating it into the shared cultural heritage. An ethnological investigation was carried out in a effort to reconstruct significant fragments of this "unique" case, through a transdiciplinary approach

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-05-18T12:21:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 pessoas_deficiencia.pdf: 11523851 bytes, checksum: 8609483d47a8960157d56ed40b0c836a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-18T12:21:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pessoas_deficiencia.pdf: 11523851 bytes, checksum: 8609483d47a8960157d56ed40b0c836a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Nenhuma / Esta tese é fruto de uma pesquisa realizada com três grupos que praticam esporte adaptado de forma regular; ela discute, a partir de uma perspectiva etnográfica, a relação do esporte adaptado e das pessoas com deficiência com as instituições que oferecem esse tipo de modalidade esportiva. Foram avaliados os tipos de atividades esportivas oferecidas pelas instituições, quais os seus benefícios, como elas acontecem e como é o acesso das pessoas nessas instituições. Esta investigação buscou identificar os diferentes modos de percepção do trabalho desenvolvido pelos grupos que oferecem atividade esportiva adaptada, tanto na perspectiva das instituições quanto na da comunidade (dos participantes). A pesquisa também aborda a questão da acessibilidade nas ruas, no transporte coletivo e, inclusive, dentro das instituições. Além disso, mostra a importância da família para a permanência dos participantes na atividade esportiva adaptada e relata qual tem sido o papel da mídia; esta tem dado visibilidade a eles somente quando há competições, como o Parapan e a Paraolimpíada, o que reforça a discussão sobre a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência. / This paper is the product of research work carried out with three groups that practice adapted sports on a regular basis. From an ethnographic standpoint, it discusses the relationship adapted sports and people with a disability have with the institutions that offer such sports. We looked into the types of sport activities the institutions offer, their benefits, how they take place, and what people?s access to these institutions is like. This investigation sought to identify the different ways the work carried out by the groups offering adapted sport activities is seen both by the institutions and the community (of participants). Our research also addresses the issue of accessibility in the streets, public transportation and even inside the institutions. Additionally, it shows how important families are to ensure participants keep on practicing adapted sports, and what the medias role has been. The latter has been giving visibility to athletes with a disability only when there are competitions, like the Parapan and the Paralympics, which furthers the discussion about the inclusion of people with a disability.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Henrique Montenegro Lopes Ferreira.pdf: 10526611 bytes, checksum: 4646615b1aaa20763ce0780680b15765 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-25 / In his theoretical framework, we seek to address content that may do better understanding, the concept, the characterization and the aging process. Besides the importance of physical activity, sociability and Gerovolei, volleyball for seniors. The subjects are a group of 10 elderly women and 09 men aged between 55 and 72 years. The group participates in Gerovolei classes in the city of Santos and belong to the NGO - Energy Institute, the institution develops physical activity programs for the elderly. The theoretical framework supported by thematic reflections on Functional Capacity, Activity of Daily Living, Active Aging, Adapted Sports, Sociability and old age are elements that support the field research, carried out by procedures consistent with the qualitative approach, using observation and interviews structured, as instruments of data collection. Just as the Functional Assessment Tests, support the quantitative part of the research. The results of this research we observed the important role of gerovolei activity, influencing the activity of daily living of the elderly, and the benefits of functional capacity, motor and sociability of the participants. Our conclusion contains advice and stories of the elderly about the importance of gerovolei effect on their lives and the social aspects of quality of life and affective. The survey also outlines the profile of the elderly participating in this group and see whether there are differences in perception in aging men and women. Besides knowing the relationship between the personal life of this elderly person and Gerovolei. With the assimilation of a new concept of sports, many values, prejudices and sporting traditions have changed, generating sometimes conflicts during the activity and the elderly who do not participate in group activity / No seu referencial teórico, busca-se abordar conteúdos que tornem mais compreensíveis conceito, caracterização e processo de envelhecimento, além da importância da atividade física, sociabilidade e gerovôlei, o voleibol para a terceira idade. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são um grupo de 10 mulheres idosas e 9 homens, com idade de 55 anos a 72 anos. O grupo participa de aulas de gerovôlei na cidade de Santos e pertencem à ONG Instituto Energia, que desenvolve programas de atividade física para a pessoa idosa. O marco teórico, sustentado por reflexões temáticas sobre Capacidade Funcional, Atividade de Vida Diária, Envelhecimento Ativo, Esporte Adaptado, Sociabilidade e Velhice, é constituído de elementos que fundamentam a pesquisa de campo, implementada por meio de procedimentos condizentes com a abordagem qualitativa, utilizando a observação e entrevistas semiestruturadas como instrumentos de coleta de dados, assim como os Testes de Avaliação Funcional fundamentam a parte quantitativa da pesquisa. Com os resultados desta pesquisa constataram-se o importante papel da atividade gerovôlei, influenciando a atividade de vida diária do idoso, e os benefícios na capacidade funcional, motora e de sociabilidade dos participantes. A conclusão deste estudo contém parecer e relatos dos idosos sobre a importância do gerovôlei e o efeito sobre sua vida nos aspectos sociais, qualidade de vida e afetivos. A pesquisa também traça o perfil dos idosos que participam desse grupo e averigua se há diferenças na percepção no envelhecimento entre homens e mulheres, além de conhecer a relação existente entre a vida pessoal dessa pessoa idosa e o gerovôlei. Com a assimilação de uma nova concepção de esportes, muitos valores, preconceitos e tradições desportivas foram mudados, gerando, por vezes, conflitos durante a atividade e entre idosos que não participam da atividade do grupo

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