Thesis (Ph.D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Sociology and Gerontology, 2009. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-156).

The aim of the thesis is to explore and describe adult education as an integral part of lifelong learning in relation to the development stages of human life. Particular emphasis is placed on the 3rd stage of life, the senior age. The defined area is solved with a wider historical, geographical and demographic context. The author also deals with the analysis of the global and especially European demographic development with a special focus on the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Especially the current changes in the age structure of the population and the consequences of this development on the educational system. In the end, recommendations and suggestions are formulated on how to respond to ongoing demographic changes and how to prepare for an aging society from the point of view of education.

[pt] A dinâmica de mercado mundial tem sido impactada por dois fenômenos sociais que desafiam a comunidade acadêmica e o cenário corporativo: a ascensão das populações na base da pirâmide social e o envelhecimento das nações. Uma expressiva massa de novos consumidores ascende ao mercado de consumo a cada ano, surgindo de diversas geografias. Igualmente, a estrutura demográfica das nações reflete um ganho na qualidade de vida, principalmente devido ao desenvolvimento de novas drogas, na forma de medicamentos de uso contínuo. Essa nova ordem mercadológica requer novos modelos capazes de apresentar soluções inovadoras. E o segmento farmacêutico precisa estar preparado para enfrentar essa demanda crescente. Conhecer esse consumidor, suas necessidades, limitações financeiras torna-se imprescindível. Dada a escassez de estudos sobre esse tema, a presente dissertação tem um caráter exploratório. Seu objetivo é avançar no conhecimento sobre os consumidores de medicamentos de uso contínuo, classificados como classe C (pelo Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil), dando foco no processo de decisão de compra em um cenário de dificuldade financeira. O método de pesquisa selecionado foi o de entrevistas individuais em profundidade. A pesquisa foi aplicada entre moradores da área do Grande Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontaram para um comportamento traduzido em disciplina no planejamento do orçamento e contribuição no sustento da família. Os consumidores demonstraram um alto nível de comprometimento com seus tratamentos e forte envolvimento com os remédios, devido ao fato de reconhecerem sua importância para o bem-estar e a sobrevivência. / [en] The worldwide market dynamics has been impacted by two social phenomena which challenge both the academic community and the corporate environment: the emerging populations at the base of the pyramid and the ageing population of nations. An important mass of new consumers reaches the consumption market every year, coming from different geographies. At the same time, the demographic structures of nations reflect a general gain in the quality of life, mainly due to the development of new drugs, in the form of chronic diseases medicines. These new market standards require new models in order to deliver innovative solutions. And the pharmaceutical segment needs to be prepared to face this increasing demand. Get acquainted of these consumers needs, financial limitation and desires, is mandatory. Taking into consideration that studies on these subjects are scarce the present dissertation intends to be an exploratory study on this subject. Its objective is go further on the knowledge about chronic diseases medications consumers, classified as socio-economic class C (as per the Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil), focusing on their purchase decision process in a financial constraint scenario. The selected research method was the in depth personal interviews. The research was conducted among Great Rio de Janeiro inhabitants. Results were leading to a behavior of budget planning discipline and interviewees important contribution to their families maintenance. Consumers showed a high commitment level to their treatments and strong involvement with their medicines since they recognized the importance of medicines to their welfare and even survival.

Affective disorders (AD), including depression have important epidemiological impact on elderly morbi-mortality been also associated to elevate suicide rates. However, AD impact on trends elderly mortality, morbidity and Brazilian health service cost (hospitalization and outpatient care) need to be more deeply investigated. Therefore, this study evaluated the trends of AD and suicide mortality in Brazilian elderly population (1996-2015) and in use of health services (hospitalization and outpatient care) and their costs in 2009 to 2015 period by a socio-ecological analysis using databank evaluable for Health Unic System (DATASUS, Brazil Ministry). The study was performed just in elderly subjects (> 60 years old) considering as co-variables: sex and age. Linear, jointpoint and multivariate regressions were used to detect change in the trends of AD and suicide mortality. Total AD mortality was slightly higher in women (1.2/100.000) than men (1.0/100.000). At contrary, suicide mortality rate was higher in men (13.5/100.000) than females (2.5/100.000). In both mortality causes, occurrence was age-dependent, with higher rates in oldest-old group (> 80 years). Hospitalizations by AD were also higher in older group, in both sex. However, hospitalization costs trend to decrease in the last four years. The whole of results suggests the necessity to construct specific preventive and treatment programs for elderly people, since this population presents important biological, functional, health and social specificities that are different of find in adults. / Os transtornos afetivos (TA), incluindo a depressão, têm um importante impacto epidemiológico na morbi-mortalidade dos idosos, e também estão associados à elevação das taxas de suicídio. No entanto, o impacto dos transtornos afetivos sobre as tendências de mortalidade dos idosos, da morbidade e do custo do serviço de saúde brasileiro (hospitalização e atendimento ambulatorial) precisam ser investigados mais profundamente. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as tendências da (TA) e a mortalidade por suicídio na população idosa brasileira (1996-2015) e no uso de serviços de saúde (hospitalização e atendimento ambulatorial) e seus custos no período de 2009 a 2015 por uma análise socioeconômica com banco de dados avaliável para o Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS, Ministério do Brasil). O estudo considerou apenas os dados de indivíduos idosos (> 60 anos) considerando como co-variáveis: idade e sexo. Foram utilizadas regressões lineares, conjuntas e multivariadas para detectar mudanças nas tendências de transtornos afetivos e mortalidade por suicídio. A mortalidade total por transtornos afetivos foi ligeiramente maior nas mulheres (1,2/100,000) do que os homens (1,0/100,000). Ao contrário, a taxa de mortalidade por suicídio foi maior nos homens (13,5/100,000) do que as mulheres (2,5/100,000). Em ambas as causas de mortalidade, a ocorrência dependia da idade, com taxas mais elevadas no grupo mais longevo (> 80 anos). Hospitalizações por TA também foi maior em grupos mais velhos, em ambos os sexos. Todos os resultados sugerem a necessidade de construir programas específicos de prevenção e tratamento para idosos, uma vez que esta população apresenta importantes especificidades biológicas, funcionais, sociais e de saúde que são diferentes em relação a outros grupos etários.

The main factors which influence these social and health facilities during the planning of social and health services are a demographic prognosis, the social structure of its inhabitants, the informal support and solidarity within the family, and also the geographic profile of the region, urbanization, human settlement and the extent of municipality. The planning of social and health services has to follow modern principles in social services which are widely used in Western Europe. The goal of this thesis is to undertake research in the capacity and quality of health and social services and the use of these services by seniors in the region. The next goal is to see if modern European principles are applied in the social and health services in the region. This research was carried out though the analysis of documents and methods of questioning. This research has shown that there is a lack of institutional social and health services in the region. Also modern European principles have not been applied in the social and health services.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-10T14:24:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) PPGNUT - Tese - Efeitos de uma intervenção educativa problem.pdf: 2200158 bytes, checksum: 1338cddd974c15cd8a207082253ac948 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-10T14:24:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) PPGNUT - Tese - Efeitos de uma intervenção educativa problem.pdf: 2200158 bytes, checksum: 1338cddd974c15cd8a207082253ac948 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-20 / FACEPE / O envelhecimento populacional vem ocorrendo de forma rápida, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, acarretando maior prevalência de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis. Dentre elas, destaca-se o diabetes mellitus que está associado a maior mortalidade, institucionalização, redução da capacidade funcional e complicações crônicas em idosos. O consumo de uma alimentação saudável e a prática regular de atividade física são a base do tratamento para o controle da doença, contudo a adesão é insatisfatória. A educação para o autocuidado em diabetes proporciona conhecimento, habilidade, atitude e motivação para a mudança comportamental, porém existe a necessidade de definição das melhores abordagens educativas voltadas ao público idoso. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar os efeitos de uma intervenção educativa problematizadora para a promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis em idosos diabéticos por meio de um ensaio clínico randomizado realizado nas Unidades de Saúde da Família da cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, entre agosto de 2014 a agosto de 2015. Duzentos e dois idosos diabéticos foram recrutados e aleatoriamente alocados em dois grupos de estudo: Intervenção que além do atendimento de rotina ao idoso com diabetes participou de educação grupal problematizadora ou Controle que participou apenas do atendimento de rotina ao idoso com diabetes, ambos monitorizados durante seis meses. Os desfechos primários incluíram as variáveis de conhecimento sobre o diabetes, atitude para o autocuidado, consumo alimentar, prática de atividade física e níveis de hemoglobina glicada. Já os secundários foram tabagismo, consumo de bebida alcoólica, peso, Índice de Massa Corporal e circunferência da cintura. Na linha de base do estudo, foi realizado um corte transversal para investigar o conhecimento sobre o diabetes, atitude para o autocuidado e os fatores associados. O modelo de regressão logística identificou que morar sozinho foi fator de proteção e a baixa escolaridade fator de risco para o conhecimento insuficiente e atitude negativa para o autocuidado, respectivamente. Após seis meses de atividade educativa grupal problematizadora, de frequência mensal e duração média de 2 horas, observou-se aumento do conhecimento sobre a doença (p<0,001), atitude positiva para o autocuidado (p=0,011), prática de atividade física (p=0,020) e variedade da dieta (p=0,002), porém não foi associada à redução dos parâmetros antropométricos e dos níveis de hemoglobina glicada (p>0,05). Conclui-se que a intervenção educativa problematizadora quando comparada ao atendimento de rotina ao idoso com diabetes na USF mostrou-se eficaz para à maior conscientização dos idosos diabéticos à promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis. Faz-se necessário, a realização de outros estudos utilizando essa abordagem metodológica, capacitação dos profissionais de saúde para o seu emprego nas atividades educativas e maior interlocução entre a equipe que compõe a Estratégia Saúde da Família e o Núcleo de Apoio a Saúde da Família no intuito de uma assistência interdisciplinar com vistas à mudança da práxis dos profissionais de saúde que prestam assistência ao idoso com diabetes na atenção primária de saúde. / Population aging is occurring rapidly, especially in developing countries, leading to a higher prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Among them, there is the diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality, institutionalization, reduced functional capacity and chronic complications in the elderly. Consuming a healthy diet and regular physical activity are the mainstay of treatment for disease control, however the adherence is unsatisfactory. Education for self-care in diabetes provides knowledge, skills, attitudes and motivation for behavioral change, but there is the need to define the best educational approaches aimed at the elderly population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of an intervention educational problematical to promote healthy lifestyles in elderly diabetics through a randomized clinical trial conducted in the Family Health Unit of the city of Recife, Pernambuco, from August 2014 to August 2015. Two hundred and two elderly diabetics were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: Intervention that besides routine care to the elderly with diabetes participated in group education problematical or Control that participated only the routine care to the elderly with diabetes, both monitored for six months. Primary outcomes included the variables knowledge about diabetes, attitude for self-care, food intake, physical activity and glycated hemoglobin levels. Already secondary were smoking, consumption of alcoholic bebiba, weight, body mass index and waist circumference. In the baseline study, we performed a cross-sectional to investigate knowledge about diabetes, attitude for self-care and associated factors. The logistic regression model identified that live alone was a protective factor (OR = 0.24; 95% CI 00,9-0,65; OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.07- 0.71) and low education risk factor (OR = 7.78, 95% CI 3.36-18.01; OR = 13.05, 95% CI 4.6336.82) for insufficient knowledge and negative attitude to self-care, respectively. After six months of activity educational problematical, monthly frequency and average duration of 2 hours, there was an increased in knowledge about the disease (p <0.001), positive attitude for self-care (p = 0.011), physical activity ( p = 0.020) and variety of diet (p = 0.002), but was not associated with reduction of anthropometric parameters and glycated hemoglobin levels (p> 0.05). It is concluded that the intervention educational problematical compared to routine care to the elderly with diabetes at USF was effective for the increased awareness of elderly diabetics to promote healthy lifestyles. It is necessary to carry out further studies using this methodological approach, training of health professionals for their use in educational activities and increased dialogue between the team that makes up the Family Health Strategy and the Nucleus for Support to Family Health in order an interdisciplinary assistance with a view to changing the practice of health professionals who provide care to the elderly with diabetes in primary health care.

O envelhecimento é um processo inexorável a qualquer ser vivo e, no caso do ser humano, objeto deste estudo, os efeitos são acentuados a partir da faixa etária superior a 60 anos de idade, quando naturalmente se acentua o declínio das capacidades motoras, mentais e sociais de forma contínua, progressiva e inter-relacionada. Este estudo, envolvendo neurociências, artes cênicas e saúde, surgiu da preocupação com a crescente população de idosos hoje no Brasil e no mundo, assim como da busca de recursos que propicie melhor qualidade de vida a essa faixa etária. Para tanto, foi realizado estudo sistemático relacionado à memória, corpo e movimento, envolvendo estratégias de trabalho autobiográfico, literário e cênico, no intuito de compreender a dinâmica de alguns parâmetros cognitivos, físicos e comportamentais dessa faixa etária, assim como verificar sua influência na superação de desafios sociais, conflitos emocionais e eventuais ganhos funcionais. Participaram do estudo, inicialmente, 27 voluntários com idade superior a 60 anos, socialmente ativos, de ambos os sexos, moradores da cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Os grupos foram denominados Grupo 1 (G1), composto por 12 pessoas, e Grupo 2 (G2), composto por 15 indivíduos. Com o G1 foram desenvolvidas atividades baseadas na memória individual que foi resgatada por diversas abordagens e com as quais foi composto por cada participante um livro autobiográfico, enquanto ao G2 foram oferecidos conhecimento e prática da atividade cênica. Os voluntários foram avaliados individualmente no pré- e pós-teste por meio dos questionários: Informações Sociodemográficas, World Health Organization Quality of Life - WHOQOL-Bref e WHOQOL-OLD; Cambridge Cognitive Test CAMCOG; por exames clínicos: medidas antropométricas, dosagem do colesterol total, HDL-colesterol, Colesterol LDL, triglicérides, glicemia, hemograma completo e eletrocardiograma; exames funcionais: Timed Up and Go Test -TUGT, Six-Minute Walk Test, One-Leg Balance Test; entrevistas, fotos, registros em vídeo, depoimentos e questionários de opinião. O Questionário de Avaliação Final da Atividade recorreu à Escala Likert para a estruturação das perguntas. O estudo foi realizado entre agosto de 2011 e janeiro de 2012, no teatro da Estação Ciência - USP, São Paulo. Seus resultados indicaram relativas alterações positivas dentro dos grupos, entre os pré- e pós-testes, e permitem concluir que a atividade autobiográfica e a de artes cênicas, para a população com idade acima de 60 anos, são recursos promotores da saúde e melhor qualidade de vida. Esse estudo, por seus resultados positivos, valida a prática em artes cênicas como proposta de atividade promotora de motivação e sociabilidade em pessoas com faixa etária acima de 60 anos de idade, e, principalmente, por trabalhar aspectos motores do deslocamento, postura e equilíbrio corporais que além de promoverem saúde, adquirem função preventiva à quedas / Aging is an inevitable process for any living being , and in the case of the human being, the object of this study, the effects are accentuated from the age group above 60 years of age, when there is a naturally and continuous decline of motor, mental and social skills, in a progressive and interrelated form. This study, involving neurosciences, performing arts and health, arose from the general concern over the growing elderly population today in Brazil as well as in the world, the search for resources that provides better quality of life for this age group. Therefore, we performed a systematic study related to memory, body and movement, involving strategies autobiographical work, literary and scenic in order to understand the dynamics of some parameters cognitive, behavioral and physical in this age group, as well as determining its influence in overcoming of social, emotional conflicts and possible functional gains. Participants were initially volunteers aged 27 to 60 years old, socially active, of both sexes, residents of the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The groups were designated Group 1 (G1), composed of 12 people, and Group 2 (G2), consisting of 15 individuals. With the G1 activities were developed based on memory that was rescued by several approaches and which was composed by each participant an autobiographical book, while the G2 were offered knowledge and practice of theatrical activity. The volunteers were evaluated individually in pre - and post - test by means of questionnaires: Sociodemographic Information, World Health Organization Quality of Life - WHOQOL - Bref and WHOQOL - OLD; Cambridge Cognitive Test - CAMCOG; clinical examination: Anthropometric measurements, measurement of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, complete blood count and electrocardiogram; functional tests: Timed Up and Go Test - TUGT, Six - Minute Walk Test, One - Leg Balance Test, interviews, photos, video recordings, statements and opinion questionnaires. The Assessment Questionnaire Final Activity resorted to Likert Scale for structuring questions. The study was conducted between August 2011 and January 2012, the theater of the Science Station - USP, São Paulo. Their results indicated positive changes related within groups between the pre - and post - tests, and showed that the autobiographical activity and performing arts, for the population aged over 60 years, are resources that promote health and better quality of life. This study, by its positive results, validates the practice in theater arts as proposed activity to promote motivation and sociability in people aged over 60 years of age, and especially for motor aspects of the work shift, posture and body balance that in addition to promoting health, preventive function acquire the falls

The thesis is dealing with the older workers in the labour market. The aim of this thesis is to analyse and evaluate the situation of the older workers in the labour market in the Czech Republic, especially in the years 2000 and 2005-2015, or even in 2015, with the focus on the indicators of the labour market, on the position of the older workers in this market according to selected aspects, and on the instruments affecting and encouraging these workers in the labour market. The thesis consists of the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part defines the problem of the demographic aging population, because this process is one of the reasons, why it is necessary to pay attention to the older workers in the labour market. This theoretical part is also dealing with the employment, unemployment, employment policy and strategic documents in relation to the older workers. The practical part begins with the demographic development in the Czech Republic, the following chapters are dealing with the analysis of the labour market indicators, instruments to support the older workers in the labour market and the comparison of the Czech Republic and EU states.

This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of demographic indicators and their development for the member states of the current European Union. The work is thematically divided into four chapters. The first chapter is mostly theoretically defined, for the purpose of explanation of all basic concepts. The second chapter shows us where Europe currently stands in terms of demographics. The third chapter is focused on defining the consequences of natural movement. The last chapter offers an analysis of a survey, in which total of 453 respondents from ten countries from allover Europe have participaded. There is no doubt, that the aging of population will have extensive social and economic soconsequences for Europe. On the other hand, we musn't forget that it is also an indicator of social and economic development, and therefore we should not be limited to perceive it only in a negative way.

The aging population is a global challenge, meanwhile there's a strain on Swedish healthcare. In order to make healthcare efficient, designers are responsible for developing digital services that can be used by everyone, despite disabilities. To ensure accessibility, services must comply with the European Accessibility Act by 2025, a UN directive the Swedish healthcare website 1177 does not meet. In this study, the user interface will be investigated, based on seniors 65+. Through research in graphic design and user-centered design, the group's challenges, needs and aspirations will be identified through semi-structured interviews. In order to create accessible interfaces, designers need to examine the experience based on both function and visuality. Graphic design thereby constitutes a large part of the experience as a whole and must be reflected upon. The result will contribute with insights to increase the website's accessibility and contribute to improved welfare and equality.