本研究以網際網路做為企業行銷溝通之互動性媒介為觀點，以內容分析法進行兩部分之研究。第一部份以分析跨國運動商品企業網站首頁為題；第二部分則測度傳播策略呈現在跨文化運動商品網頁中的標準化程度，以期對跨國運動商品企業建置各國家地區網站與網頁之現況有一概括性的瞭解。 第一部份將運動商品企業網站首頁劃分為「內容」與「設計」兩項架構，分析12家跨國運動商品企業在美國、中國與台灣共計33個首頁樣本，發現中國與台灣併計為大中華地區所列載之內容項目與功能設計，與美國運動商品網站首頁之差異不大；但在線上購物機制上則仍未有成熟的環境與建置，此結果可呼應於其他跨文化行銷傳播研究的相關論述。 第二部分研究植基於傳統廣告內容的分析技術，變項涵括：「資訊內容」、「文化價值」與「創意策略」等三面向，檢測跨國運動商品企業設置於美國、中國與台灣地區共計211個網頁樣本。結果發現運動商品網頁確實是涉入度高、資訊承載量大的互動性媒體，偏向使用「獨立性文化價值」以傳達個體性而非集體性的文化概念。然而大中華區在廣告運用與網路媒體的開放性，複雜紛呈的文化價值表現，亦造成運動商品網頁的跨文化差異化。創意策略則使用商品的論點與細節，結合象徵性聯想與品牌熟悉度的方式，同時傳達品牌名稱、商標符號與名人代言的情境，以行銷每一季推陳出新的運動商品。 / This study regards the Internet as an interactive medium of corporate marketing communication, engages in two parts of studies by content analysis method. The first part analyzes sports-commodity multinational corporations’ home pages; the second part evaluates the degree of standardizations’ online communication strategies across differing cultures. And to comprehend summarized about how the sports-commodity MNCs set up regional websites. Divides into two frames of “content” and “design” categories, the first part analyzes 33 home-page samples in 12 sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan. So that sports-commodity home pages’ content items and design functions have no remarkable difference. But the systems of online shopping environment are not mature in China and Taiwan. The result is coherent with past cross-cultural studies that compared marketing communications. On the basis of traditional advertising content study techniques, three explanatory variables are conducted, i.e. “information content”, “culture value” and “creative strategies”. Examining the 211 web-page samples in sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan, the finding suggests that the high involvement nature of interactive medium is closely related to the informative web pages. And the predominant usage of “independent culture value” conveys individualism but collectivism cultural concepts. However, the liberalization of the Internet media and advertising usage; representation of complicated culture values, are the reasons to cause the cross-cultural diversity between localized sports-commodity MNCs’ web pages. To weed through the old to bring forth the new sports commodity every season, the MNCs have adapted their web creative strategies by products’ arguments and specifics, and integrating symbolic association and brand familiarization, with context of brand name, trademark and celebrity endorsers.

In this thesis we examine methodologies for determining free energy differences (FEDs) of phases via Monte Carlo simulation. We identify and address three generic issues that arise in FED calculations; the choice of representation, the choice of estimator, and the choice of sampling strategy. In addition we discuss how the classical framework may be extended to take into account quantum effects. Key words: Phase Mapping, Phase Switch, Lattice Switch, Simulated Tempering, Multi-stage, Weighted Histogram Analysis Method, Fast Growth, Jarzynski method, Umbrella, Multicanonical, Path Integral Monte Carlo, Path Sampling, Multihamiltonian, fluctuation theorem.

全球主要國家正積極推展「行動電視」服務，手持式行動電視將整合無線電視台、手機、電信以及創意與內容產業，被視為新媒體藍海，電視業者與電信業者都有意搶攻行動電視這塊商機。手機結合電視將成為未來行動多媒體影音平台主流，但基於台灣在發展數位廣播技術與相關接收設備產品的時程，遠落後其他已開發國家及開發中國家，因此未來發展的不確定性仍高。本研究主要以SRI情境分析法，對未來五年內台灣行動電視產業的發展進行分析預測，亦進一步探討世界主要國家其行動電視市場發展成功的關鍵因素以及台灣行動電視產業的主要影響因素。針對上述研究問題，本研究之研究結論如下： 1. 在世界各國其行動電視市場發展成功的關鍵因素方面，包括終端設備的多樣性、政府對產業的整體態度、業者策略聯盟的效應、多元或專屬的內容、彈性的營運模式及市場內需需求量。 2. 在台灣行動電視產業發展主要影響因素方面，主要涵蓋政策、技術標準及市場環境等三大構面。 3. 在我國政府與業者在行動電視產業未來的發展策略方面，主要有四大重點策略包括重視軟體研發能力、成立獎勵投資方案、創造產品差異性以及強化進入障礙屏障。 / The world's major countries are actively promoting the "Mobile TV" service, handheld mobile TV will be integrated wireless television stations, cell phones, telecommunications, and the creativity and content industry, as new media’s BlueOcean, the television industry and the telecommunication operators have the intention to grab this business opportunities. Mobile TV will be a multimedia platform for future mainstream, but based on Taiwan in the development of broadcasting technology and related products, far behind other developed countries and developing countries, therefore the future development of the uncertainty is still high. This research is based on SRI scenario forecasting methodology to predict mobile TV industry development trend in Taiwan in the next coming 5 years period, also further explore the key success factors of major countries mobile TV market, and the main influence factors of Taiwan mobile TV industry. The following is the conclusion of this research. 1. The key success factors of major countries mobile TV market, inclusive of the diversity of terminal equipment, government’s attitude, the effects of strategic alliances, Diversity of content, Flexible business model and Market demand for domestic. 2. The main influence factors of Taiwan mobile TV industry, included policies, technical standards and market environment. 3. The future development strategy at mobile TV industry, inclusive of software development capacity, encourage investment program, create product differentiation and strengthen the barrier of entry barriers.

都市發展固然帶動了經濟成長、生活舒適、交通便利等諸多正面效益，但隨著都市不斷向外發展之成果，卻也帶來了都市內的空間擁擠、交通壅塞、空氣汙染、生活環境惡化等現象，以及都市外的分散、無秩序蔓延發展等環境問題。為解決這些問題，都市規劃者提出大眾運輸導向發展理念。從都市化之觀點來看，發展大眾運輸導向能降低都市蔓延，提昇都市內之使用密度，減少私人運具之使用，進而降低能源消耗、改善空氣品質。然而，運輸建設具有改變土地使用模式與活動區位，進而帶動人口、產業在空間上重新分布的特性；當運輸建設的興建促使周邊都市活動頻繁時，少有研究探討到大眾運輸導向帶來的效益，是否會隨著人口、產業往捷運沿線聚集，反而使交通流量增加，進而造成空氣品質愈加惡化之問題。因此，本研究從捷運營運前後台北市空氣品質變化之觀點，以台北市433個里之1995年至2006年為研究範圍，以懸浮微粒為汙染變數，運用空間分析法和長期追蹤資料實證分析法，探討捷運、人口及產業三者對空氣品質之影響程度。 / 研究結果顯示，人口密度和就業密度對懸浮微粒濃度有顯著正向影響，因此，政府在推廣大眾運輸導向理念，鼓勵人口和產業往捷運沿線發展時，需有完善配套措施，否則將導致反效果－空氣品質的惡化。而有捷運經過之村里對懸浮微粒濃度有顯著正相關；但是分析各年度懸浮微粒可發現，台北市年平均懸浮微粒濃度下降，且隨捷運路網愈加完善，空氣品質愈好。因此，捷運建設雖造成沿線懸浮微粒濃度的上升，但卻降低了整體懸浮微粒濃度，提昇台北市空氣品質。 / Urban development is driven by economic growth, comfortable living, convenient transportation and other positive benefits. However, the results of urban development also brought crowdedness, traffic congestion, air pollution, environment degradation inside the city, and sprawl development out of the city. To solve these problems, urban planners proposed mass transit-oriented development (TOD) concept. From the perspective of urbanization, developing TOD can reduce urban sprawl, enhance the use of space inside the city, and reduce the use of cars. Further, these can decrease energy consumption and improve air quality. However, a transportation system can change the land-use patterns and redistribute the population and industries. Few studies have discussed whether the benefits of TOD will gather people and industries along the mass rapid transit (MRT), where results in the increase in traffic and more deterioration of air quality are inconclusive. Therefore, from the perspective of air quality varies over time in Taipei before and after the operation of MRT, this study uses spatial analysis and panel data analysis to investigate the impact of MRT, population and industry on air quality in 433 villages of Taipei City from 1995 to 2006. / The results show that population density and employment density have significant positive effects on the concentrations of PM10. Thus, when promoting the concept of TOD and encouraging the development of population and industry along the rapid transit, the Government should plan and implement the proper procedure; otherwise they will result in rising air pollution. The villages along the rapid transit have significant positive effects on the concentrations of PM10. However, analysis of the annual PM10 concentration can be found that the annual average has declined in Taipei City; the air quality will be better with a more extensive rapid transit network. Although the construction of transit system will cause the increase in the concentration of PM10 along the rapid transit, it has decreases the overall concentration of PM10 in Taipei City.

Die Rückstandsanalytik tierischer Lebensmittel ist eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe aufgrund des hohen Lipidanteils der Proben sowie des sich stetig vergrößernden Wirkstoffspektrums. Heutzutage werden für die Probenaufarbeitung die DFG S 19 Methode, mit der vorrangig unpolare Analyten nachgewiesen werden und zunehmend die QuEChERS Methode eingesetzt, die insbesondere auf die Erfassung polarer Pestizide abzielt. In dieser Arbeit wurde eine moderne Multirückstandsmethode für Hühnereier entwickelt, um sowohl gas- als auch flüssigkeitschromatographisch (GC, LC) erfassbare Wirkstoffe zu analysieren. Dazu gehören unpolare PCBs, Pyrethroide und Organochlorpestizide, aber auch polarere Organophosphate, Triazole und Carbamate. Das Verfahren basiert auf der Extraktion mittels Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion, der Reinigung auf Grundlage einer modifizierten Gelpermeationschromatographie (GPC) und zwei verschiedenen Festphasenextraktionen (SPEs) für GC- und LC-erfassbare Pestizide sowie der Quantifizierung mittels GC- und LC-MS/MS. Dünnschichtchromatographisch wurde die effektive Entfernung hochmolekularer Lipide durch die modifizierte GPC und niedrigmolekularer Fette durch die SPEs belegt. Laut der für Ei durchgeführten Validierung erfüllten 164 der 172 untersuchten Pestizide und alle sechs PCBs die Leistungskriterien für die amtliche Rückstandskontrolle - zumeist am niedrigsten validierten Level (5 µg/kg bzw. 0,5 µg/kg). Ausnahmen bildeten sehr polare LC-Pestizide (z.B. Aminopyralid, Clopyralid, MCPA, Quinmerac) und pH-Wert-abhängige GC-Analyten (Nicotin, Tolylfluanid, Dichlofluanid), die auch mit den etablierten Verfahren schwierig zu analysieren sind. Weiterhin verdeutlichte die erfolgreiche Untersuchung von verschiedenen Ringversuchsmaterialien, dass die ursprünglich für Eier entwickelte Methode auch für mageres Geflügelfleisch und Sahne genutzt werden kann. Gegenüber den etablierten Verfahren wies die neue Methode deutliche Vorzüge auf. So belegte die Dünnschichtchromatographie, dass mit der neuen Methode Cholesterin, aber auch freie Fettsäuren besser abgetrennt werden als mit den etablierten Verfahren. Die neue Methode verbrauchte im Vergleich zur DFG S 19 Methode 46 % weniger Lösungsmittel und ermöglichte eine Verdopplung des Probendurchsatzes innerhalb von 8 h. Zudem eignete sich das entwickelte Verfahren laut den Validierungsdaten für GC-Analyten deutlich besser als die QuEChERS Methode und etwas besser als die DFG S 19 Methode (v.a. für Pyrethroide). Hinsichtlich der LC-Analyten unterschieden sich die neue und die QuEChERS Methode nur bei wenigen Analyten. Mit dem neuen Verfahren konnten folglich im Gegensatz zu den etablierten Methoden sowohl unpolare GC- als auch polare LC-Analyten sicher erfasst werden.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise comparativa de diferentes sistemas estruturais para um edifício de 20 pavimentos. Cada um dos modelos foi dimensionado através dos princípios do método da análise direta, presente na ABNT NBR 8800:2008. O método da amplificação dos esforços solicitantes (MAES) foi usado para se obter de forma simplificada os esforços atuantes nos elementos do edifício considerando os efeitos locais e globais de segunda ordem. A incidência do vento foi simulada de duas formas diferentes. Na primeira, chamada de uniforme, o vento foi aplicado sem excentricidade, gerando apenas o efeito de tombamento nas estruturas. Na segunda hipótese, considerou-se uma excentricidade devida aos efeitos de vizinhança, prescrita pela ABNT NBR 6123:1988, responsável por ocasionar o tombamento e a torção dos edifícios. Todas as análises numéricas foram repetidas fazendo o uso de outro método simplificado de segunda ordem, conhecido como P-Delta. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a possibilidade de se reduzir a sobrecarga para o dimensionamento de pilares proporciona uma economia de material, mas, por outro lado, tem como consequência o aumento do tempo de análise, pois exige a utilização de diferentes combinações de cálculo para o dimensionamento de vigas e pilares. A estratégia utilizada para simular os efeitos de vizinhança mostrou-se satisfatória, pois permitiu introduzir de maneira fácil e prática a torção ocasionada pela incidência excêntrica do vento. Observou-se também que esses efeitos ocasionaram o aumento dos momentos fletores e dos deslocamentos das estruturas analisadas. Em relação à avaliação dos efeitos de segunda ordem, comprovou-se que, para a classificação da deslocabilidade, a combinação de cálculo crítica é aquela que possui o maior carregamento gravitacional. Entretanto, para o dimensionamento dos elementos, foi constatado que outras hipóteses de cálculo, principalmente aquelas em que o vento é a ação variável principal, podem ser determinantes. Por fim, foi observado que os resultados obtidos pelo método P-Delta ficaram bastante semelhantes àqueles calculados pelo MAES, com desvios desprezíveis. O MAES, por sua vez, mostrou-se bastante trabalhoso, pois exige a modelagem de diferentes tipos de estruturas para a determinação dos esforços. / This work presents a comparative analysis of different structural systems for a 20-storey building. Each model has been designed using the principles of the direct analysis method (DAM), present in the ABNT NBR 8800:2008. The first-order amplification method (FOAM) was used to obtain, in a simplified manner, the forces acting on the building elements, including local and global second-order effects. The incidence of the wind was simulated in two different ways. In the first case, named uniform, the wind was applied without eccentricity, generating only structure overturning. In the second case, it was considered an eccentricity due to vicinity effects, prescribed by the ABNT NBR 6123:1988, responsible for causing twisting and building overturning. All numerical analysis were carried out a simplified second-order method known as P-Delta. From the results obtained it was found that the reduction of live loads in the design of columns provides material economy, but on the other hand, increases analysis time, since it requires different combinations for beams and columns. The strategy used to simulate the vicinity effects was satisfactory, because it allowed, in an easy and practical way, the consideration of the torsion produced by the wind eccentric impact. It was also observed that these effects increased the bending moments and the displacements of the structures. About the second-order effects, it was shown that, for sway or non-sway classification, the critical combination is one with greatest gravitational loading. However, for the design of the elements, it was observed that other loading conditions can be critical, especially those in which the wind is the main live load. Finally, the results obtained by the P-Delta method were very similar to those calculated by the first-order amplification method. The FOAM was, in turn, very laborious, because it requires the modeling of different types of structures for the determination of the forces.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:22:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia Cristina Tripoli Magalhaes.pdf: 11275908 bytes, checksum: c640dd6ca3f95aaf9702da77824119b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / This Paper aims to understand the production processes of urban space through the articulation between different scales and methods of analysis. As a study of urban configuration, this work not only attempts to analyze the resulting physical aspects, but also the understanding of the processes that forms the urban setting. This regard, it considers social dynamics and advocacy tools applied on urban land related to the use, occupation or processes that push for changes in land value. The urban morphology is related to the absence or presence of urban land policies and other elements that might interfere in the resulting urban form. By that, it is proposed as landscape reading and analysis method of the territory the identification of homogeneous regions, recognized for containing similar socio-spatial characteristics, called here as "morpho-territorial units". The adoption of a new term, justified through the paper, aims to make clear the methods and categories of analysis adopted. Take as territorial clipping the Metropolitan Region of Campinas (RMC), whose has the characteristic of an intense process of fragmentation and urban sprawl. The paper developed a summary table that explicit characteristics, barriers and potentialities observed in each morpho-territorial unit identified in the RMC. The morpho-territorial units, while distinct, keep some features in common which enables the organization through "types" and groups. Mapping is the instrument used to perform spatial analyzes. Made the analysis in the metropolitan scale, the research has selected a particular morpho-territorial unit, considered representative of the RMC, in order to demonstrate that the exercise of understanding of these peculiarities in the morpho-territorial unit chosen, can, through the proposed method, be applied to any of the morpho-territorial units identified. It aims to understanding the urban form by analyzing the characteristics of the morpho-territorial units. It is believed that the proposed method assists in understanding specificities in the studied territorial clipping in order to guide actions of public management and planning. / O presente trabalho visa a compreens?o dos processos de produ??o do espa?o urbano por meio da articula??o entre diferentes escalas e m?todos de an?lise. Como estudo da forma, o trabalho n?o se at?m unicamente aos aspectos f?sico espaciais resultantes, mas tamb?m ao entendimento dos processos que comp?em o cen?rio urbano. Neste sentido consideram-se as din?micas sociais e press?es atuantes sobre o solo urbano, seja no que se refere ao uso ou ocupa??o ou ainda nos processos que pressionam para uma altera??o do valor do solo. Relaciona-se ? morfologia urbana com a aus?ncia ou presen?a de pol?ticas de solo urbano e de elementos que possam interferir na forma urbana resultante. Para tanto, prop?e-se como m?todo de leitura da paisagem e an?lise do territ?rio, a identifica??o de regi?es homog?neas, reconhecidas por conter caracter?sticas socioespaciais semelhantes, denominadas aqui de "Unidades morfo-territoriais". A ado??o de um termo novo, justificado no decorrer do texto, objetiva indicar com clareza os m?todos e as categorias de an?lises adotadas pela pesquisa. Toma-se como recorte territorial a Regi?o Metropolitana de Campinas, cujo crescimento caracteriza-se pelo intenso processo de fragmenta??o e dispers?o urbana. O trabalho desenvolveu um quadro s?ntese que explicitam as caracter?sticas, os entraves e as potencialidades observadas em cada unidade morfo-territorial delimitada na RMC. As unidades morfo-territoriais apesar de distintas guardam caracter?sticas comuns possibilitando a organiza??o por meio de "tipos", e grupos. O mapeamento ? o instrumento utilizado para efetuar as an?lises espaciais. Feita a an?lise na escala metropolitana a pesquisa selecionou uma determinada unidade morfo-territorial considerada representativa da RMC com o objetivo de demonstrar que o exerc?cio de compreens?o das particularidades presentes na unidade morfo-territorial escolhida, pode, por meio do m?todo constru?do, ser aplicado a qualquer uma das unidades morfo-territoriais identificadas. Objetiva-se a compreens?o da forma urbana por meio da an?lise das caracter?sticas das unidades morfo-territoriais. Acredita-se que o m?todo proposto auxilie no entendimento das especificidades presentes no recorte territorial estudado de forma a orientar as a??es de gest?o e planejamento urbano.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-07-03T13:36:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fernando Rangel Segalote Alves.pdf: 1469687 bytes, checksum: f5d75f18d60c08d8c2824eb89760dc98 (MD5) / Rejected by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br), reason: Item rejeitado, pois a ficha catalográfica está fora do padrão. Atenciosamente, Catarina Ribeiro Bibliotecária BEE - Ramal 5992/5993/5994 on 2017-07-07T12:41:51Z (GMT) / Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-07-25T19:42:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fernando Rangel Segalote Alves.pdf: 1469688 bytes, checksum: d38e8502a0aa19b9bb0544a40db57d6c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-07-26T13:14:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fernando Rangel Segalote Alves.pdf: 1469688 bytes, checksum: d38e8502a0aa19b9bb0544a40db57d6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T13:14:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fernando Rangel Segalote Alves.pdf: 1469688 bytes, checksum: d38e8502a0aa19b9bb0544a40db57d6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-22 / Esta pesquisa se concentra no contexto das rotinas e procedimentos que tangem a execução financeira e orçamentária na Administração Pública, mais especificamente em uma Universidade Federal. O problema de pesquisa está centrado em entender como a gestão pelas diretrizes e a aplicação das ferramentas da qualidade e suas perspectivas podem proporcionar maior eficiência aos processos de execução orçamentária e financeira na instituição em análise. Discorre sobre literatura especializada procurando apresentar subsídios que sustentem a tese levantada sobre a racionalização dos processos administrativos no intuito de atingir o melhor aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis, maximizando os resultados esperados. Aborda a evolução das dimensões da qualidade e suas ferramentas, assim como a importância da especificação dos itens de controle e de verificação como identificadores dos parâmetros de acompanhamento dos resultados do sistema, estabelecendo, assim, padrões de qualidade. Busca apresentar os aspectos relativos ao estabelecimento de indicadores de desempenho, pela aplicação das ferramentas abordadas ao longo da pesquisa, na busca da eficiência dos processos. Para isso, propôs um estudo de caso onde apresenta os resultados da aplicação de alguns desses indicadores definidos a partir do método de análise e solução de problemas (MASP). A partir da situação problema foram desenvolvidos os objetivos e as questões de pesquisa, se caracterizando como uma pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa e documental. O resultado alcançado, como sustentado pela literatura abordada, foi a utilização dos indicadores como medidas para avaliar, mostrar a situação e as tendências das condições de um dado ambiente para subsidiar as tomadas de decisão. Com a aplicação do método e o uso das ferramentas de qualidade foi possível identificar precisamente o tempo de processamento e a quantidade de processos executados ao longo do período analisado. / This research focuses on the context of routines and procedures that concern the financial and budgetary execution in Public Administration, more specifically in a Federal University. The research problem is focused on understanding how the management guidelines and the application of quality tools and perspectives can provide greater efficiency to budgetary and financial execution process at the institution in question. Discusses literature seeking to present grants to support the thesis raised on streamlining the administrative processes in order to achieve the best use of available resources, maximizing the expected results. Discusses the evolution of the quality dimensions and tools, as well as the importance of specifying the control items and check as monitoring parameters of the identifiers of the system's results, thereby setting quality standards. Seeks to present aspects related to performance indicators of establishment, the application of the tools discussed during the research, the search for process efficiency. For this, it presents the results of the application of some of these indicators defined by the method of analysis and troubleshooting (MASP). From the problem situation were developed objectives and research questions, being characterized as an exploratory, qualitative and desk research. The result achieved, as supported by the literature addressed was the use of indicators and measures to assess, show the status and trends of the conditions of a given environment to support decision-making. By applying the method and the use of qulidade tools it was possible to precisely identify the processing time and the number of processes running over the analysis period.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise comparativa de diferentes sistemas estruturais para um edifício de 20 pavimentos. Cada um dos modelos foi dimensionado através dos princípios do método da análise direta, presente na ABNT NBR 8800:2008. O método da amplificação dos esforços solicitantes (MAES) foi usado para se obter de forma simplificada os esforços atuantes nos elementos do edifício considerando os efeitos locais e globais de segunda ordem. A incidência do vento foi simulada de duas formas diferentes. Na primeira, chamada de uniforme, o vento foi aplicado sem excentricidade, gerando apenas o efeito de tombamento nas estruturas. Na segunda hipótese, considerou-se uma excentricidade devida aos efeitos de vizinhança, prescrita pela ABNT NBR 6123:1988, responsável por ocasionar o tombamento e a torção dos edifícios. Todas as análises numéricas foram repetidas fazendo o uso de outro método simplificado de segunda ordem, conhecido como P-Delta. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a possibilidade de se reduzir a sobrecarga para o dimensionamento de pilares proporciona uma economia de material, mas, por outro lado, tem como consequência o aumento do tempo de análise, pois exige a utilização de diferentes combinações de cálculo para o dimensionamento de vigas e pilares. A estratégia utilizada para simular os efeitos de vizinhança mostrou-se satisfatória, pois permitiu introduzir de maneira fácil e prática a torção ocasionada pela incidência excêntrica do vento. Observou-se também que esses efeitos ocasionaram o aumento dos momentos fletores e dos deslocamentos das estruturas analisadas. Em relação à avaliação dos efeitos de segunda ordem, comprovou-se que, para a classificação da deslocabilidade, a combinação de cálculo crítica é aquela que possui o maior carregamento gravitacional. Entretanto, para o dimensionamento dos elementos, foi constatado que outras hipóteses de cálculo, principalmente aquelas em que o vento é a ação variável principal, podem ser determinantes. Por fim, foi observado que os resultados obtidos pelo método P-Delta ficaram bastante semelhantes àqueles calculados pelo MAES, com desvios desprezíveis. O MAES, por sua vez, mostrou-se bastante trabalhoso, pois exige a modelagem de diferentes tipos de estruturas para a determinação dos esforços. / This work presents a comparative analysis of different structural systems for a 20-storey building. Each model has been designed using the principles of the direct analysis method (DAM), present in the ABNT NBR 8800:2008. The first-order amplification method (FOAM) was used to obtain, in a simplified manner, the forces acting on the building elements, including local and global second-order effects. The incidence of the wind was simulated in two different ways. In the first case, named uniform, the wind was applied without eccentricity, generating only structure overturning. In the second case, it was considered an eccentricity due to vicinity effects, prescribed by the ABNT NBR 6123:1988, responsible for causing twisting and building overturning. All numerical analysis were carried out a simplified second-order method known as P-Delta. From the results obtained it was found that the reduction of live loads in the design of columns provides material economy, but on the other hand, increases analysis time, since it requires different combinations for beams and columns. The strategy used to simulate the vicinity effects was satisfactory, because it allowed, in an easy and practical way, the consideration of the torsion produced by the wind eccentric impact. It was also observed that these effects increased the bending moments and the displacements of the structures. About the second-order effects, it was shown that, for sway or non-sway classification, the critical combination is one with greatest gravitational loading. However, for the design of the elements, it was observed that other loading conditions can be critical, especially those in which the wind is the main live load. Finally, the results obtained by the P-Delta method were very similar to those calculated by the first-order amplification method. The FOAM was, in turn, very laborious, because it requires the modeling of different types of structures for the determination of the forces.

In resonant earthed distribution systems, the capacitive current of the system is compensated by grounding via a arc suppression coil. The level of fault current is then very small and independent on the fault location which greatly complicates the rapid finding of the fault site. At this moment there is no method to be used to directly locate the site of a single-phase fault in the distribution network, new methods and solutions are being constantly sought to address the shortcomings of the existent localization methods. The diploma thesis deals with the design of a universal software tool that allows to apply a new method of locating an asymmetric fault in the distribution network. The tool is created in a MATLAB environment and utilizes the negative sequence voltage measured on the low-voltage sides of the distribution transformers and the negative sequence current measured behind the power transformer. By using the proposed tool, it is possible to read the parameters of any part of the distribution system that the user enters together with the measured values of the voltage and current into the initialization file. After the specified network parameters are loaded, a numerical model is created, which is then used for the method. In the work is described in detail the way of entering the parameters of the network into the initialization file, the method of automatic assembling of the numerical model based on the entered data and the possibility of customizing the calculation parameters. At the end of the thesis, the functionality of the proposed software tool is verified on data from simulation of the test network.