[pt] Esta pesquisa investiga de que modo saberes das artes, das humanidades e das ciências da Terra têm sido mobilizados por experimentos estéticos, sobretudo cênicos e performativos, empenhados em abordar os desafios existenciais trazidos à tona pelo Antropoceno — aqui interpretado como consequência direta de um projeto de modernidade antropocêntrico e capitalístico. A pesquisa investiga, portanto, propostas críticas e criativas que fazem da cena uma contra-cena, isto é: experiências que se apresentam como contraposições radicais às premissas ideológicas que fundamentam a modernidade e que engendram o Antropoceno. Trata-se de respostas estéticas que se empenham, sobretudo, em deslocar o humano das ilusórias posições de centralidade, soberania, onipotência, autossuficiência e de independência em relação à trama da vida. Na etapa final do trabalho, as noções de polifonia, de simpoiesis e de composições interespecíficas são investigadas enquanto dispositivos reflexivos e formais capazes de estruturar propostas performativas que, em forma-conteúdo, em dramaturgia e em encenação, se instauram enquanto contra-cenas ao Antropoceno e ao antropocentrismo. A partir de obras como Stifter s dinge, do encenador Heiner Goebbels, podemos vislumbrar formas de experiência cênica em que o humano deixa de estar representado enquanto protagonista único, soberano e indispensável da cena da vida — tanto da Terra como, também, do Teatro. / [en] This dissertation investigates how knowledges from arts, humanities and Earth sciences have been mobilized by aesthetic experiments, especially scenic and performative, engaged in approaching the existential challenges brought up by the Anthropocene — here interpreted as a direct consequence of an anthropocentric and capitalistic modernity project. The dissertation investigates, therefore, critical and creative proposals that make the scene a counter-scene, that is: experiences that present themselves as radical counterpositions to the ideological premises that underlie modernity and that engender the Anthropocene. These are aesthetic responses that strive, above all, to displace the human from the illusory positions of centrality, sovereignty, omnipotence, self-sufficiency, and independence in relation to the fabric of life. In the final stage of the work, the notions of polyphony, sympoiesis and interspecific compositions are investigated as reflective and formal devices capable of structuring performative proposals that, in form-content, dramaturgy, and staging, establish themselves as counter-scenes to the Anthropocene and anthropocentrism. From works like Stifter s dinge, by Heiner Goebbels, we can glimpse forms of scenic experience in which the human ceases to be represented as the only and indispensable protagonist of the scene of life — of the Earth as well as of Theater.

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Uppsatsen tar sin utgångspunkt i en undran över det svenska skogsbrukets dominerande modell med kalavverkningar och påverkan på biologisk mångfald, och hur det relateras till den hållbara utvecklingens tre dimensioner. Syftet har därför varit att undersöka alternativa skogsbrukares förhållningssätt, visioner och hinder kopplat till brukandet av skogen och hur det påverkar både människa och miljö. Undersökningen har utförts med kvalitativ metod genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer för datainsamling, och tematisk analys för bearbetning av materialet. Det teoretiska ramverket kretsar kring post-antropocentrism och förhållningssätt till andra livsformer, och hur det kan påverka val som görs i skogsbruket. Resultatet visar att det finns en upplevd oro för rådande skogsbruk med kalavverkningar och risker kopplat till biologisk mångfald och framtida människors möjlighet till välbefinnande. Skogsbruket upplevs i dag som ohållbart och i behov av alternativa skogsbruksmetoder, som tar mer hänsyn till andra arter och de naturliga skogsekosystemen. För att uppnå detta presenteras av de alternativa skogsbrukarna visioner om ökad biologisk och ekologisk kunskap i samhället, och en mångfald vad gäller skogsbruksmetoder, ekonomiska alternativ och arter. / The thesis is based on a wonder about the Swedish forestry's dominant model with clear-cutting and impact on biodiversity, and how it relates to the three dimensions of sustainable development. The purpose of this study has therefore been to investigate alternative foresters approaches to the use of the forest and how it affects both humans and the environment. The study has been carried out by qualitative methods through semi-structured interviews for gathering of data, and thematic analysis for processing the data. The theoretical framework revolves around post-anthropocentrism and approaches to other life forms, and how it can influence choices made in forestry. The results show that there is a perceived worry regarding the current forestry model with clear-cuts and risks linked to biodiversity and the possibility of well-being for future humans. The forestry today is perceived as unsustainable and in need of alternative forestry models, which takes more consideration to other species and the natural ecosystems. To achieve this the alternative foresters presents visions of increased biological and ecological knowledge in society, and an increased diversity of forestry models, economic alternatives and species.

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På grund av ökade klimatförändringar och dess påverkan på miljö och människors hälsa kommer klimatanpassningar i den urbana miljön bli allt mer nödvändigt för att mildra dess effekter. Vår studie fokuserar på hur synliga klimatanpassningar upplevs samt hur de kan påverka människors välbefinnande. Studien avgränsas till biofiltren på Neptunigatan i Malmö. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med människor som befann sig på platsen, vilka sedan analyserades i förhållande till tidigare forskning om miljöetiska värdegrunder, estetik, riskperception och psykisk hälsa. Resultatet visade att samtliga informanter var positivt inställda till klimatanpassningar och dess funktion, även om viss skepticism identifierades hos några av dem. Alla informanter kände någon typ av oro, ångest, stress eller annan negativ känsla kopplat till klimatförändringarna, vilket gör detta till ett viktigt område att studera. Enökad informationsspridning kring klimatanpassningar och klimatförändringar är därför viktig för att öka kunskapsnivån vilket i sin tur medför en mer positiv inställning till klimatanpassningar. / The magnitude of climate change is increasing, and is affecting the environment and people’s health. To mitigate these effects, climate adaptations in urban environments are necessary. The aim of this study is to examine how visible climate adaptations are perceived, and how they can promote well-being. The study is limited to the biofilters located on Neptunigatan in Malmö. We did qualitative interviews with people with a connection to the biofilters, andanalyzed the results in relation to our theoretical framework, which includes environmental ethical values, aesthetics, risk perception and mental health. The results showed that all informants had positive attitudes towards climate adaptations, although we identified some skeptical tendencies. All informants reported some kind of worry, anxiety, stress or other negative emotions in relation to climate change, which makes this an important study area. It is important to inform citizens about climate change and climate adaptations. Increased knowledge leads to a more positive attitude towards climate adaptations.

This essay explores the different levels of scale used in Richard Powers’ novel The Overstory. The central thesis of this essay, “The Novel on a New Scale: Considering the World in a Tree’s Lifetime,” examines the different levels of scale, from the general concept to the particular scale of the novel as a medium, as well as the spatial and temporal scales of human and non-human entities in The Overstory. This exploration unfolds through four sections, each with its own sub-sections: Scale, History to Fiction, The Character and the Decentering of the Human, and the Temporal Scale.            By examining how The Overstory tackles the challenges of operating on multiple scales to provide an authentic narrative, this essay contributes to the emerging field of Anthropocene fiction. It further emphasizes the need to acknowledge multiple scales both as authors and readers, as they inherit the power to shift perspectives. Richard Powers is a novelist who successfully brings the natural world closer to his readers while truthfully addressing the critical issues of climate change and deforestation.

The diploma thesis explores the four seasons from the view point of the linguistic picture of the world theory. The etholinguistic approach is applied in the thesis - attention is paid to the Czech-specific perception of reality especially focused on the weather and the changes of the nature in the course of the four seasons. Human perception of the change is based upon the senses - the sense of hearing, the sense of smell, and touch and the eyesight. Each season is unique. The seasons can be differentiated by their season specific stereotypes, season prototypes, and connotations. On the linguistic pictures of each season collocations are built, from which new lexical items originate, describing the season as such. Due to anthropocentrism we perceive individual astronomical and meteorological issues as personified items to which we ascribe human behaviour and human qualities. The motto of the thesis says: "I will not do the spring sowing next year. " The motto denotes the interaction of two conceptual schemata (the scheme of a cycle and the scheme of a journey) realizing the fact that the natural cycle corresponds in our mental representation with the phases of human life. The difference between the concepts is that man always reaches the terminal point of his journey unlike the nature constantly...

Les animaux, longtemps considérés comme des êtres appartenant au régime juridique des biens, tendent aujourd’hui à s’éloigner de cette catégorie. Si en France le droit leur refuse le statut de personne non-humaine, la qualification d’être sensible leur est toutefois attribuée et reconnue. Cette singularité juridique – où l’animal est à la fois un être vivant et appartient à la catégorie juridique des biens – a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux, et certains chercheurs sont parvenus à résoudre ces paradoxes. Toutefois, si l’animal a été abondamment abordé sous le prisme du droit privé, peu de travaux spécialisés ou d’ensemble ont été menés en droit public. Pourtant, il semble que l’étude de l’animal en droit public apporte des questionnements et des réponses tout aussi intéressantes. C’est ainsi que la présente thèse, « L’animal en droit public », a suivi deux choix principaux et complémentaires : celui de l’inventaire, puis celui de la théorisation. Enfin, le droit public offre de nouvelles perspectives dans la réalisation d’un véritable droit de l’animal. Cette construction, qui a pour principal résultat d’apporter de nouveaux éléments de déréification, et d’éviter certaines incohérences, permettrait une mise en avant des intérêts animaliers, notamment en les assimilant à un nouvel ordre sociétal à protéger ou en apportant une nouvelle approche dans la personnification des animaux. En outre, l’étude du droit public comparé nous offre des perspectives différentes dans la défense de la cause animale, notamment par le biais de la constitution / Animals, which for a long time were legally classified as property, are nowadays beginning to be recategorised. Even if French law denies them the status of non-human persons, they are nonetheless recognized as being sentient. This legal oddity, in which animals are at one and the same time both living beings and property, has been the subject of numerous studies, and certain researchers have succeeded in resolving these paradoxes. However, if the status of animals has been frequently examined from a legal angle, little specific or overall research has been undertaken in the domain of public law. And yet, it appears that the study of animals in public law raises questions and answers that are equally interesting. That is why the present thesis, « Animals in public law », follows two main, complementary choices: that of being an inventory, and that of theorizing. Charting, first of all, the reality of the situation seems essential in order to facilitate doctrinal or jurisprudential interpretation. Secondly, this study has made possible the theorizing of certain judicial questions. Finally, public law offers new perspectives for the creating of a true system of laws concerning animals. This work, whose main outcome is to contribute new elements to dereification and to avoid certain inconsistences, would foreground animal interests – notably by placing animals in a new societal order to be protected, or by setting forth a new approach to the personification of animals. Moreover, the study of comparative public law offers us different perspectives in the defence of animal rights – notably through the constitution

In reading The story of Edgar Sawtelle, this essay applies posthuman studies with animal studies and disability studies to analyse how the communication between species occur and how boundaries are expanded. Non-verbal language is closely examined and argued to be just as viable as verbal language in the making of relationships and subjects in literature. By applying posthumanism, biological research and a non-anthropocentric way of thinking one can evolve from the notion that humans are the only subjects which matter, something that has been verified because non-human animals never have been given a voice or an acknowledgment of a language. What happens in a novel when the main protagonist is lacking the ability to speak verbally, when verbal language is what has constructed human exceptionalism over all the other species? / Denna uppsats tillämpar posthumanistiska studier med djurstudier och funktionshinder-studier för att analysera hur kommunikationen mellan arter äger rum och expanderar gränser i David Wroblewskis roman The Story of Edgar Sawtelle. Icke-verbalt språk undersöks och argumenteras vara lika betydande som verbalt språk vid skapandet av relationer och subjekt i litteratur. Genom att applicera posthumanism, biologisk forskning och ett icke-antropocentriskt sätt att tänka kan man avveckla tanken om att människan är det enda subjekt som räknas, detta är något som enbart verifierats eftersom icke-mänskliga djur aldrig fått någon agens eller bekräftande att de har rätten till en röst. Vad händer i en roman när protagonisten saknar förmågan till verbalt språk, när det verbala språket är central som verkning i mänsklig exceptionalism?