This thesis examines the reality television (RTV) series Here Comes Honey Boo Boo (HCHBB) as a rhetorical text in and through which the cultural significance of race, class, and gender stereotypes—and the meanings they hold for different individuals and groups—are actively contested and negotiated. I argue that recurrent themes of symbolic transgression of hierarchical structures in HCHBB operate as a modality through which cast and audience(s) alike might make or interpret potentially subversive/resistant meanings. This focus on the RTV series as a dynamic site for making and contesting meaning—rather than a static text encoded/decoded by members of the discrete categories of producers and consumers—enables critical attention to the discursive and affective elements at work in HCHBB without forsaking analysis of the political and material frames in which they circulate. These frames are explored throughout a brief history of the RTV genre and an overview of the scholarship that has engaged it. Ultimately, I argue that while HCHBB and the genre of RTV may potentially provide the opportunity to challenge class antagonism and discrimination, it also perpetuates structural, material inequality. By linking themes of symbolic transgression as they operate in and through the text with Kenneth Burke’s (1969) analysis of hierarchy and mystification of class relations, I show how HCHBB doubly participates in the stratification of economic class when symbolic transgression is offered as an affront to social class morality rather than pervasive structural, material inequality. Despite an ethos of rebellion against bourgeois norms, HCHBB displaces rather than cultivates critical class consciousness by encouraging performances of redneck identity which also consign the Shannon/Thompson family to their fate as working class celebrities. / text

在今日的經濟活動中，知識比自然資源、龐大的工廠、雄厚的資金，都要寶貴，也都要強大。由於知識已經成為現代企業營運最重要的條件，所以對於智慧資本的管理，也成為經營上最重要的課題。然而，新創事業在自身人力、時間及資源有限的窘境下，如何在生存及成長間求平衡，如何從實做中學習，使公司在穩定營運的前提下，建構自身智慧資本、管理之使其成為之後的競爭利器，進一步地成為加速企業成長的獨特競爭力。智慧資本對新創事業而言重要性不亞於穩定運作的企業，甚至更是新創事業用以自產業中勝出的關鍵因素。 本研究以某醫學工程公司參與BOO（Build-Own-Operate）過程為例，針對新創公司的智慧資本累積及建構過程，以及活動的情形，做一深入的探討，並從中歸納出重要的影響因素，盼能供後進新創事業參考，提高其競爭力，加速其成功發展。本研究旨在回答下列幾個問題： （1） 新創事業之智慧資本構面及其內涵。 （2） 新創事業發展的過程中，智慧資本各構面間的相對比重、個別構面成長幅度、內容增長情形。 （3） 智慧資本的建構過程，是經由哪些智慧資本的活動所進行，是否隨建構過程而變異。 （4） 智慧資本的活動對於智慧資本各構面的內容及新創事業的發展過程，有何直接及間接的影響。 （5） 對新創事業的智慧資本建構及管理作一綜合整理及建議。 本研究分別針對四個角度進行個案分析： （1） 同一時期不同智慧資本構面的分析 （2） 同一智慧本構面不同時期的分析 （3） 重要事件對個別智慧資本構面影響的分析 （4） 各時期間的智慧資本動態情形的分析 最後，本研究得到下列結論： （1） 新創事業籌設之初，智慧資本在構面間的分佈不均衡。隨著公司的發展及成長，智慧資本構面間的相對存量比重，將漸趨於平衡協調 （2） 新創事業的智慧資本建構過程，是先「廣度」的延伸，再「深度」的蓄積，再由「深度」衍生出「廣度」，進而編織出專屬於企業的綿密「智慧資本網」 （3） 新創事業的智慧資本構面中，人力資本及關係資本的發展過程分別深受「重要事件」及「客戶」影響。而結構資本的發展是人力及關係資本綜合後的呈現 （4） 企業內部有效的系統及機制設計，以及外在重要事件對公司的刺激，均將加速新創事業內智慧資本的流動速率 （5） 同仁間「向心力」及「共同目標」的建立，是公司智慧資本創造的重要啟動裝置。而透過組織專屬知識的創造過程，可以使智慧資本三構面間的流動情形更平衡 （6） 針對客戶需求而創造智慧資本的過程，加速了知識在組織內流動的速率，更提升新知識及新智慧資本被創造的速率（正向回饋） / In the business activities nowadays, knowledge generally plays a more valuable and powerful role than tangible resources and capitals. Since knowledge is one of the most important resources for enterprises, management of intellectual capital also became a significant issue. Well-structured and managed intellectual capital can be a company’s unique competitive advantage. However, for a start-up company, it would be a more difficult task than a well-developed one, since a start-up is more limited in manpower and resources, and busier in balance between survival and growth. But the importance of intellectual capital for a start-up company, which is eager to win-out from the industry, is even more critical than well-developed companies. This research took a medical engineering company processing BOO（Build-Own-Operate）project as an example, and concluded several important factors for a start-up company to construct its own intellectual capital. The objects of the research was to answer questions listed below: (1) The constructs and contains of intellectual capital for a start-up company (2) The relative weight and individual growth situation of intellectual capital constructs (3) Activities for a start-up to construct intellectual capital (4) Direct and indirect impacts for these activities to influence the development of a start-up company (5) Suggestion for a start-up company to construct intellectual capital This research analyzed through four points of view: (1) Individual development of three intellectual capital constructs in each time period (2) Development through time periods for each intellectual capital constructs (3) The impact of events for individual intellectual capital constructs (4) The interacting situation among intellectual capital constructs After all, the research concluded that: (1) The distribution of intellectual capital among constructs, which is not balanced in a start-up company, will be generally equilibrated. (2) The process of a start-up company constructing its intellectual capital is going extensive first, following with intensive, then extensive, and so on, to weave particular “intellectual capital net” (3) Among intellectual capital constructs, the development of human capital and relationship capital are impacted by “events” and “clients” individually. The development of structural capital is the appearance combining of human capital and relationship capital. (4) Both of company’s internal operating plan and external events stimulation will accelerate the interaction among the intellectual capital constructs of a start-up company. (5) Member cohesion is the trigger to create intellectual capital. Through creation of organizational particular knowledge, three constructs of intellectual capital will interact more harmoniously. (6) In a start-up company, creating intellectual capital will accelerate the flow velocity of knowledge, which will improve the creation of new knowledge and intellectual capital. It’s a positive feedback process.

This thesis finds that Dr SM Molema made a considerable contribution to the construction of the history of black people in South Africa, and was the first African historian to do so. Yet, he and other African writers were marginalised from the mainstream twentieth-century canons of South African history. Therefore, the thesis investigates the reasons for which Dr Molema (a medical doctor) became an historian and an ethnographer in 1920, and explores the nature of his critical engagement with the ways in which these disciplines represented black people. To understand the controversial treatment of black historical writers, this study appraises South African historiography and its tendency to construct debates about black people, while rendering black writers marginal to such debates. Further, the thesis explores the generic complexity of Molema’s work and finds he wrote in a hybrid genre, autoethnography. This complexity may have contributed to the many misreadings of his work. This study outlines the generic specificity and implications of autoethnography and finds that, like autobiography, autoethnography has been one of the genres of the Self (of personal testimony) that, under colonialism and apartheid, many black writers employed in providing corrective versions of mainstream versions of South African history. Autoethnography enabled Molema to represent his own life, but — more importantly — that of his community (the Rolong boo RaTshidi of Mafikeng) as a form of cultural translation for readers at home and abroad. Methodologically, the thesis understands that Molema’s own family history played a large part in motivating him to write history. In order to explore this relationship between the experience of history and its representation, the thesis has a dual structure: the first four chapters present biographical studies of three generations of the Molema family: Chief Molema, the founder of Mafikeng, his son Chief Silas Thelesho Molema, and Silas’ son, Modiri Molema, the historian and ethnographer. Chapters Five and Six present an exposition and critique of his first work, The Bantu Past and Present. Dr Molema’s biographies of Chiefs Moroka and Montshiwa are used as ancillary texts.

Dans cette étude nous nous proposons de mettre au jour ce qui assure la cohérence du texte dans quatre récits autobiographiques d’André Breton : Nadja, Les Vases communicants, L’Amour fou et Arcane 17. Nous proposons de les appeler « tétralogie » bretonienne. Après avoir montré que les approches en narratologie ne sont pas adaptées à cette fin, nous verrons que l’argumentation ayant pour but de transmettre l’idée du surréalisme donne un cadre intégrateur à ces récits pour en assurer la cohérence. Chaque texte doit selon nous être considéré comme une situation de communication entre le lecteur et l’auteur, c’est-à-dire dans sa dimension pragmatique et énonciative. L’illustration photographique, présente dans trois récits de la « tétralogie », fait partie des moyens mis en œuvre par l’acte d’argumenter. Elle contribue au mieux à cette communication-argumentation. Nous démontrons que ces récits doivent être considérés comme des « livres illustrés » modernisés par la photographie. Dans cette optique, nous examinons le rôle et l’évolution de la photographie à travers la « tétralogie ».Nous montrons que la situation de communication est figurée dans chacun des quatre récits comme un espace théâtral car chacun d’eux est construit comme un théâtre virtuel et fantasmatique. La théorie freudienne du rêve et du théâtre nous permet d’explorer la théâtralité de la « tétralogie » tout en résolvant le paradoxe du théâtre chez BRETON. / This study aims at clarifying the textual coherence in four autobiographical narratives of the Surrealist Poet André Breton: Nadja, Les Vases communicants, L’Amour fou and Arcane 17, which we propose to call “bretonian tetralogy”. Our main thesis is the central importance, in this “tetralogy”, of acts and means of convincing the reader of the genuineness of Surrealism. And the author succeeds in establishing a dynamic tête-à-tête relation with his reader, which endows each narrative with its inward coherence. Photography plays a key role in this rhetoric scheme, and we put forward the interpretation of “bretonian tetralogy” as a variation of 19th century’s illustrated book modernized by the medium and visualization device. On the basis of Freud’s theory about dream and theatricality, we demonstrate that these narratives must be considered as virtual theatres since incorporated theatricality is a way of reminding and exploiting, in the shape of a text, the discourse situation underway between communication partners; Breton and his reader.

Diss. Umeå : Univ., 2003.

Detta arbete är en studie i hållbar gestaltning, där de många teoretiska principer appliceras på tre mycket olika platser på jorden. Tre ekologiskt hållbara enfamiljshus projekteras i Sibirien, i sydöstra Spanien, och i Stockholms inre skärgård. Husen är helt olika. Vitruvius sade: "Vi måste börja med att beakta de länder och de klimat som hus skall byggas i, för att gestalta byggnaderna rätt. En typ av hus är lämplig för Egypten, en annan för Spanien, och ytterligare en för Rom. Detta för att en del av jorden ligger rakt under solens bana, en annan långt borta från den, medan den tredje ligger emellan de två. "

Abstract in English, Southern Sotho and Afrikaans / South African chartered accountants (CAs(SA)), who are primarily trained as financially orientated technical specialists, play a significant role as part of management teams, which require expertise in leadership, strategy, marketing, communication and teamwork among other managerial skills. However, it has been found that accounting professionals have inherent characteristics that could act as barriers to career transition and adaptability in the volatile and challenging accounting profession. This study employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis research design to gain insights on the way CAs(SA) in the financial services sector have managed to overcome barriers and leverage enablers to transition their careers. Accordingly, interviews were conducted with CAs(SA) who occupy or have occupied a management position in the financial services sector. The findings revealed that the participants had prepared themselves for transition by gaining credibility and confidence by means of exposing themselves to challenging work, leading others, taking part in varied activities, updating their substantive knowledge base and using mentors. Through their attitudes, behaviour and decisions, participants were able to influence their career development context by being adaptable. Further, participants revealed that they were able to overcome barriers by gaining practical experience and exposure to varied tasks and career development opportunities, reading, listening and further training and education. Participants were also able to overcome barriers and create enablers by learning from others through informal mentorships and working in strong teams, which limited the extent to which they had to learn from their own mistakes. These insights could benefit not only CAs(SA) themselves but also professional accounting bodies, academic institutions, training organisations and employers of CAs(SA). / Di-chartered accountant tsa Afrika Borwa (CAs(SA)), ba rupetsweng ka sehlooho jwalo ka ditsebi tsa setekgeniki ka tsa ditjhelete, ba bapala karolo ya bohlokwa dihlopheng tsa bookamedi tse hlokang botsebi ho tsa boetapele, meralo, papatso, dikgokahano le tshebetso ya sehlopha, hara ditsebo tse ding tsa bookamedi. Leha ho le jwalo, ho fumanwe hore diprofeshenale tsa accounting di na le ditlwaelo tse tebileng tse ka iketsang dithibelo tsa kgolo mosebetsing le phetophetoho kahare ho profeshene ya accounting e dulang e sa tsitsa hape e na le diphephetso. Boithuto bona bo sebedisitse moralo wa patlisiso wa kutlwiso ya batho ya ntho e itseng ho fumana tsebo ka mokgwa oo diCA(SA) lekaleng la ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete ba kgonneng ho fenya dithibelo tse jwalo le ho sebedisa dithutso ho hola mesebetsing ya bona. Ka tsela eo, di-inthavu di entswe le diCA(SA) tse maemong (kapa tse kileng tsa ba maemong) a bookamedi kahara lekala la ditshebeletso tsa ditjhelete. Diphetho di bontshitse hore bankakarolo ba itokiseditse phetoho ka ho iphumantsha bokgolwehi le boitshepo ka ho ipepesetsa mosebetsi o phephetsang, ho etella ba bang pele, ho nka karolo mesebetsing e fapaneng, ho ntjhafatsa ditsebo tsa bona le ka ho sebedisa batataisi. Ka mehopolo ya bona, boitshwaro le diqeto, bankakarolo ba ile ba kgona ho susumetsa ntshetsopele ya mesebetsi ka hore ba kgone ho fetofetoha. Ho feta moo, bankakarolo ba supile hore ba kgonne ho fenya dithibedi ka ho fumana tsebo ya ketso le ho ipepesetsa mesebetsi e fapaneng le menyetla ya ntlafatso ya tshebetso, ka ho bala, ho mamela le ho etsa dithuto le dithupelo tsa ntshetsopele ya thuto. Bankakarolo ba boetse ba kgonne ho hlola dithibelo le ho hlahisa dithusi ka ho ithuta ho tswa ho batho ba bang ka ditataiso tse sa hlophiswang le ka ho sebetsa le dihlopha tse matla, e leng ho neng ho fokotsa makgetlo ao ka ona ba neng ba tlameha ho ithuta ka diphoso tsa bona. Dintlha tsena di ka ba molemo eseng feela ho diCA(SA) ka bo tsona, empa le ditheo tsa profeshenale tsa accounting, ditsi tsa accounting, mekgatlo ya thupelo le bahiri ba diCA(SA). / Suid-Afrikaanse geoktrooieerde rekenmeesters (CA’s(SA)) wat primêr as finansieelgeoriënteerde tegniese spesialiste opgelei is, speel 'n beduidende rol in bestuurspanne wat kundigheid in leierskap, strategie, bemarking, kommunikasie en spanwerk en ander bestuursvaardighede vereis. Daar is egter bevind dat rekeningkundige praktisyns inherente eienskappe het wat struikelblokke kan wees vir loopbaanoorgang en aanpasbaarheid in die ongestadige en uitdagende rekeningkundige beroep. Hierdie studie het 'n interpretatiewe fenomenologiese ontledingnavorsingsontwerp gevolg om insig te bekom oor die wyse waarop CA’s(SA) in die finansiële sektor daarin geslaag het om sulke struikelblokke en hefboominstaatstellers te bowe te kom om loopbaanoorgang te bereik. Onderhoude is dienooreenkomstig met die CA’s(SA) gehou wat bestuursposisies in die finansiële sektor beklee of beklee het. Die bevindings het gewys dat die deelnemers hulleself vir oorgang voorberei het deur geloofwaardigheid en vertroue te verkry deur blootstelling aan uitdagende werk, om ander te lei, deelname aan gevarieerde aktiwiteite, om hulle substantiewe kennisbasis op te dateer en om mentors te gebruik. Deur aanpasbare houdings, gedrag en besluite kon die deelnemers hulle loopbaanontwikkelingskonteks beïnvloed. Die deelnemers het ook aangedui dat hulle struikelblokke te bowe kon kom deur praktiese ervaring en blootstelling aan gevarieerde take en loopbaanontwikkelingsgeleenthede, en deur lees, luister en deelname aan verdere onderwys en opleiding. Die deelnemers was voorts in staat om struikelblokke te oorkom en instaatstellers daar te stel deur by ander te leer deur informele mentorskap en om in sterk spanne te werk, wat die mate waarin hulle uit hulle eie foute moes leer, beperk het. Hierdie insigte behoort nie net CA’s(SA) te baat nie, maar ook professionele rekeningkundige liggame, akademiese instellings, opleidingsorganisasies en werknemers van CA’s(SA). / Management Accounting / M. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)

This dissertation investigates the advantages of procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via Public-Private Partnerships (P3s or PPPs) – cost and time savings and; innovation and high levels of efficiency – accounting for these advantages by reference to the underlying legal provisions and principles that facilitate them; and in this process highlights two significant directions in which Canadian P3 law, policy and practice has evolved – the enactment of P3 legislation and/or the formulation of non-statutory P3-related policy; as well as the establishment of legal institutions that promote and/or facilitate P3 procurements. The dissertation also addresses key arguments raised against P3s, by reference to aspects of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice. The research methodology comprises a detailed review of legal and non-legal sources. The implication of the research findings is that, given the foregoing developments in Canadian P3 law, policy and practice, the key arguments canvassed against P3s are overstated and lacking in merit.

This dissertation investigates the advantages of procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via Public-Private Partnerships (P3s or PPPs) – cost and time savings and; innovation and high levels of efficiency – accounting for these advantages by reference to the underlying legal provisions and principles that facilitate them; and in this process highlights two significant directions in which Canadian P3 law, policy and practice has evolved – the enactment of P3 legislation and/or the formulation of non-statutory P3-related policy; as well as the establishment of legal institutions that promote and/or facilitate P3 procurements. The dissertation also addresses key arguments raised against P3s, by reference to aspects of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice. The research methodology comprises a detailed review of legal and non-legal sources. The implication of the research findings is that, given the foregoing developments in Canadian P3 law, policy and practice, the key arguments canvassed against P3s are overstated and lacking in merit.