The purpose of the thesis was to investigate how generation Z values ​​the customer-based brand equity of a consumer product. Generation Z is an interesting generation to study since they have shown to differ in a variety of aspects from previous generations. To answer the purpose, a model has been constructed, which is based on previous research. The model consists of the components; brand awareness, brand associations/image, perceived quality and brand loyalty. Together the components form the cornerstones of the customer-based brand equity. Eight hypotheses were tested with the purpose of measuring the interrelationship between the components, and the relationship between the various components and the customer-based brand equity. Six of these eight hypotheses could be accepted. The result showed that the components brand association/image and brand loyalty have a positive impact on the customer-based brand equity, while brand awareness and perceived quality showed a non-significant result. The non-significant results were then further examined through t-test, with the purpose of trying to find possible reasons for the outcome. Moreover, the results showed that brand awareness has a positive correlation with both brand associations/image and perceived quality. Finally, the result showed that brand loyalty was positively correlated to both brand associations/image and perceived quality. For further research, it is proposed that a more comprehensive study consisting of more respondents from generation Z should be conducted. In addition, further research could be based on other consumer products and also examine whether there could be more or other components that should be considered when measuring customer-based brand equity. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur generation Z värderar det kundbaserade varumärkeskapitalet hos en konsumentprodukt. Det är intressant att undersöka generation Z då de på många sätt visat skilja sig från tidigare generationer. För att besvara syftet har en modell utformats som är baserad på tidigare forskning. Modellen består av komponenterna; varumärkeskännedom, varumärkesassociationer/image uppfattad kvalitet, och varumärkeslojalitet. Komponenterna utgör tillsammans grundstenarna för det kundbaserade varumärkeskapitalet. Åtta hypoteser utformades för samband inbördes mellan komponenterna samt även de olika komponenternas påverkan på det kundbaserade varumärkeskapitalet. Av dessa åtta hypoteser kunde sex av dem accepteras. Resultatet visade att komponenterna varumärkesassociation/image och varumärkeslojalitet har positiv påverkan på det kundbaserade varumärkeskapitalet, medan komponenterna varumärkeskännedom och uppfattad kvalitet visade ett icke signifikant resultat. De icke signifikanta resultaten som erhölls undersöktes vidare genom t-tester i ett försök att hitta en förklaring till resultaten. Inbördes bland komponenterna visade resultatet att varumärkeskännedom har ett positivt samband till både varumärkesassociationer/image och uppfattad kvalitet. Slutligen visade studien på att varumärkeslojalitet har ett positivt samband till både varumärkesassociationer/image och uppfattad kvalitet. För fortsatt forskning föreslås bland annat att en mer omfattande studie bestående av fler respondenter från generation Z genomförs. Utöver det hade det för fortsatt forskning varit intressant att basera studier på andra konsumentprodukter, och även undersöka om det finns fler eller andra komponenter som bör tas hänsyn till vid mätningen av det kundbaserade varumärkeskapitalet.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att ta reda på hur företags konstsatsningar har initierats och vad syftet är med konstsamlingarna. Det här ansåg vi intressant att undersöka då näringslivets involvering i konst har blivit allt större runt om i världen. För att uppfylla syftet valde vi att göra en flerfallsstudie av företagen Cederquist, Folksam, IBM och SEB, där vi utförde kvalitativa intervjuer med respondenter som arbetade med konsten inom respektive företag. Resultatet visar på att initieringen av konstsamlingarna i samtliga företag genomförts då de bytt kontor, initiativen har kommit från högt uppsatta personer inom det aktuella företaget med ett konstintresse. Det främsta syftet med konsten var som en personalfrämjande åtgärd, där konsten ska bidra med kreativitet och inspiration till de anställda, ytterligare kom vi fram till att konsten används i syfte att förbättra företagets varumärke. / What caught our attention when initiating this study is the fact that business interest in art has increased globally. This study examines how corporations are starting to prioritize investing in art and the purpose and value of art collections in established organisations. To conduct this study we decided to do a case study of the companies’ Cederquist, Folksam, IBM and SEB. The method used in this study is qualitative interviews with participants that have experience in procuring at least one art collection within each company. The results are clear, that art collections are mainly obtained due to senior executive’s individual passion for art, as well as when companies relocate offices. We found that the main purpose of art is to create a nice work atmosphere, where art can inspire and contribute to creativity amongst the staff. Conclusively, art within companies can also strengthen their own brand-image.

Sustainability is increasing in importance nowadays and Sweden is one of the most sustainability- focused countries in the world. Environmental sustainability is considered to be a key factor for business growth and companies incorporate this aspect in their brand marketing strategies. The purpose of this study is to get a broader understanding of the field of environmental sustainability work in connection to brand equity in Sweden. The main contribution of this study derives from studying how companies work with environmental sustainability to improve brand equity from a company’s perspective in Sweden. A qualitative approach was chosen, which included semi- structured interviews with seven companies that operate in Sweden. This paper develops an analytical model in order to analyse the findings from the interviews. The findings suggest that companies can work with environmental sustainability to improve their brand equity in Sweden by using strategies and practices that fit the company. It is important to consider the local context of Sweden, the market demands and requirements of its stakeholders and adopt a holistic approach in order to improve brand equity. Companies can choose to incorporate environmental sustainability work as an add-on to their brand or base the core of the brand around their work.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:09:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Ribeiro da Fonseca.pdf: 1339481 bytes, checksum: 0bf9307d96cecde1d37406e1c2c5c4e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-26 / This study has as its theme the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in brand image and corporate reputation of Brazilian companies in the cosmetics industry. The focus of the research was to investigate the perception of college consumers belonging to classes A / B on the shares of CSR in two large Brazilian cosmetic companies. The objective was to compare the perceptions of consumers and point out the differences between the two companies. The development of this study occurred in two stages: the first stage involved a literature review, verifying theories and published research on corporate social responsibility, brand image and corporate reputation. The second stage involved collecting data through a survey of consumers in two large Brazilian cosmetic companies that publish social reports with GRI methodology. Next, the descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis from data collected through 200 questionnaires with consumers 19-24 years of the undergraduate students in Communication with an emphasis in Advertising at the School of Advertising and was performed marketing - ESPM. The results showed that CSR has a positive influence on brand image, but this influence was demonstrated only significant for one of the brands studied, moderate to second. Among the contributions of this work are to review the literature on the subject, notes the influence of variables subconstrutos and CSR on brand image and corporate reputation and consumer perception of the differences for each of the brands studied, as well as recommendations for future studies. / Este estudo tem como tema a influência da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) na imagem de marca e na reputação corporativa de empresas brasileiras do setor de cosméticos. O foco da pesquisa foi investigar a percepção dos consumidores universitários pertencentes às classes A/B sobre as ações de RSC de duas grandes empresas brasileiras de cosméticos. O objetivo foi comparar as percepções dos consumidores e apontar as diferenças entre as duas empresas. O desenvolvimento deste estudo ocorreu em duas etapas: a primeira etapa envolveu revisão bibliográfica, verificando as teorias e pesquisas publicadas sobre responsabilidade social corporativa, imagem de marca e reputação corporativa. A segunda etapa envolveu a coleta de dados por meio de uma survey com consumidores de duas grandes empresas brasileiras de cosméticos que publicam relatórios sociais com metodologia GRI. A seguir, foi realizada a análise estatística descritiva e multivariada a partir dos dados coletados por meio de 200 questionários aplicados a consumidores de 19 a 24 anos, estudantes do curso de graduação em Comunicação Social com ênfase em Publicidade e Propaganda na Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing ESPM. Os resultados demonstraram que a RSC tem influência positiva na Imagem de Marca, porém tal influência demonstrou-se significativa apenas para uma das marcas estudadas, sendo moderada para a segunda. Entre as contribuições deste trabalho estão a revisão de literatura sobre o tema, os apontamentos da influência dos subconstrutos e variáveis da RSC na imagem da marca e reputação corporativa e as diferenças da percepção do consumidor para cada uma das marcas estudadas, bem como as recomendações para estudos futuros.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:18:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Kano.pdf: 13867174 bytes, checksum: 4be84a89f6b6e3bc46d03976ffd031f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-23 / Banco do Brasil S/A / The aim of this study is to analyse the image of the brand Banco do Brasil and for this matter we´d been researching the communications strategies used by the company in seeking a corporate identity, mostly from the end of 60`s until present. This work described how the Banco do Brasil built its brand image and it prestigious by the connection history within the Nation. We analyzed the process of the Banco do Brasil brand construction from 1968 to 2008 in order to create a scenery of analyze and to comprehend the events in which affected its life within the most significant elements. Hence, it will be useful to understand how the symbolic elements in which affected the development and the structure of the brand, by the sociable process of publicity by the brand and its logo. The methodology of the analysis developed a comparison between the historical context and the corporate identity and, mainly, a semiotics description of the brand and its advertisement in order to build a corporate identity. The references, and mainly definitions and concepts, in this work are based in different authors. To understand the history of Banco do Brasil: Motta, Bosi, Ianni and Carvalho consent to in a constructions of historical context. Among those authors who study especially the history of the bank, we can name Monteiro and Bandeira. To analyse Banco do Brasil´s brand we used the studies of Wollner, Perez, Martins and Aaker. And, not but far the study of Medeiros and Nobre which too approach the history of Banco do Brasil brand. To understand the communication in general Baudrillard, Benjamin, Haug and Jameson works / O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a imagem da marca Banco do Brasil e para tal propósito foram pesquisadas as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pela empresa na busca de sua identidade a partir do final da década de 60. O trabalho descreve como o Banco do Brasil construiu sua imagem de marca e sua notoriedade por meio de sua ligação histórica com o Estado-Nação. Analisamos o processo de construção da marca Banco do Brasil, no período compreendido entre 1968 e 2008, para criar um cenário de análise e compreensão dos fatos que marcaram sua vida e seus dados mais significativos. Essa abordagem tem como fim permitir a compreensão dos elementos simbólicos que influenciaram a formação e a construção da identidade da empresa, por intermédio do processo comunicativo desenvolvido pela sua marca e logomarca. A metodologia da análise desenvolveu a comparação entre o contexto histórico e a identidade da empresa e, principalmente, a discriminação semiótica da marca e da sua publicidade, tendo em vista a construção daquela identidade. As referências e conceitos abordados por este estudo estão baseados em diversos pensadores. No que se refere à história do Banco do Brasil: Motta, Bosi, Ianni e Carvalho possibilitaram uma construção do contexto histórico. Entre aqueles que estudam especificamente a história do Banco podemos citar Monteiro e Bandeira. E, ainda, os estudos principalmente de Medeiros e Nobre que focam a história da marca Banco do Brasil. Na análise da marca Banco do Brasil, utilizamos os trabalhos de Wollner, Perez, Martins e Aaker. Para compreensão da comunicação em termos gerais Baudrillard, Benjamin, Haug e Jameson

Cette recherche vise à identifier les principaux facteurs susceptibles de motiver les consommateurs à acheter les marques de contrefaçons. Cette recherche adopte une combinaison de données qualitatives (des entretiens en profondeur) et quantitatives (une enquête par questionnaire) pour examiner la perception des consommateurs quant à l’utilisation des marques contrefaites. Notre modèle conceptuel comprend cinq variables explicatives (par exemple, la congruence avec le concept de soi, la perception de marques globales et locales, la propension à l'éthique, la volonté à prendre des risques sociaux). Ces variables explicatives prédisent l'attitude envers les marques contrefaites et leur intention d’achat. L'ethnocentrisme des consommateurs a été proposée comme un modérateur sur la relation entre la perception de marques globales et l’attitude envers les marques contrefaites et l’orientation collectiviste / individualiste joue un rôle modérateur sur la relation entre la volonté de prendre des risques sociaux et l'attitude envers les marques contrefaites. Ce modèle a été bâti dans le cadre du comportement des consommateurs de marques contrefaites dans les pays en développement ou les contrefaçons sont produites et très accessibles et dans lesquels la lutte contre la contrefaçon est extrêmement faible.Les résultats obtenus grâce à la modélisation d'équations structurelles montrent que la congruence avec le concept de soi, la perception de marques globales et la volonté de prendre des risques sociaux influence positivement les attitudes des consommateurs envers les marques contrefaites. La propension à l'éthique a une influence négative sur les attitudes. La perception des consommateurs sur les marques locales n'a pas un effet significatif sur leurs attitudes. Nous constatons que la relation entre la perception du consommateur sur les marques globales et l’attitude envers les marques contrefaites devient plus forte pour les consommateurs faiblement ethnocentriques et vice versa. Contrairement à nos attentes, la relation entre les consommateurs ayant la volonté à prendre des risques sociaux et leurs attitudes envers les marques contrefaites devient plus faible pour les consommateurs collectivistes. Ces résultats permettent d'enrichir la littérature relative à la marque et fournir des recommandations utiles aux praticiens afin de mieux lutter contre la contrefaçon / Counterfeiting impacts upon all industries and economies and is a global phenomenon rapidly increasing worldwide. The thesis focuses on the non-deceptive counterfeit brands which resemble the genuine brands but are typically of lower quality in terms of performance and reliability. The pervasiveness of counterfeit brands’ manufacturing, their wide and easy availability makes it crucial to deal with their ever-increasing demand because of its importance in the context of consumers’ choice processes. The thesis explores the problem of counterfeit brands from a consumers’ perspective. The current research investigates the increase in the sales of counterfeit brands especially in developing countries, since the production, purchase and consumption of counterfeit brands are the disreputable attributes of Southeast Asian consumers; the research also attempts to identify the major factors motivating them to purchase these brands. Following an initial literature review of the counterfeiting phenomenon and marketing, the thesis details an empirical investigation. To achieve this purpose, the present research adopts a combination of qualitative (in-depth interviews) and quantitative (field-survey) research to examine the respondents in terms of how they view their own and other consumers’ use of counterfeit brands. In the proposed research model consumers’ self-congruity (SC), their perception about global brands (PGB)/about local brands (PLB), proneness to ethics (PE) and readiness to take social risk (RSR) have been identified as the predictors forming consumers’ attitude toward counterfeit brands (ACB) leading to their purchase intention (PI). Further consumers’ ethnocentrism plays its role as a moderator on the relationship between their perception about global brands and attitude toward counterfeit brands; similarly their collectivistic/individualistic orientation moderates the relationship between their readiness to take social risk and attitude toward counterfeit brands. Structural equation modeling has been used to measure the psychometric properties of the scale and to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that consumers’ self-congruity, their perception about global brands and readiness to take social risk positively, whereas their proneness to ethics negatively influence their attitude toward counterfeit brands. Consumers’ perception about local brands is found to have no significant effect on their attitude toward counterfeit brands. Concerning the moderating variables it is found that the relationship between consumers’ perception about global brands and attitude toward counterfeit brands is stronger for low ethnocentric consumers and vice versa; further, contrary to our expectation, the relationship between consumers’ readiness to take social risk and attitude toward counterfeit brands was weaker for consumers having more collectivistic orientation. The research contributes a comprehensive understanding of the determinants of consumers’ choice process in a more complex context, i.e. where the markets abound in counterfeit brands, this will enrich the branding literature. The worldwide substantial growth of counterfeit brands has aroused concern and interest among the academic researchers and policy-makers. For the academicians and the managers’ understanding of illicit consumption activities, the research presents the implications. These highlight the factors that affect consumers’ proneness to counterfeit brands for the practitioners. For the academicians, they show that brand influence should not be ignored in exploring consumer behavior in the context of counterfeit brands

Title: French luxury companies: Challenge to do E-Commerce withoutaffecting their brand image Authors: Clément LEMAIRE and Paul LASSALLE Supervisor: Jean-Charles Languilaire Level: Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, Marketing Key words: Marketing, E-commerce, E-merchandising, E-CRM, Louis Vuitton, Luxury market, French market, Website, Brand and Reputation Purpose: How French luxury companies, in a context of changing demand, use the e-commerce without affecting the image of their brand? Method: In the method we explain that we decide to use a descriptive method of research. We collect secondary data from our University Library and primary data from our observation of Louis Vuitton website. We also explain why we choose this company and what the limits of our study are. Theoretical framework: In a first part, we have written all the definitions and information about definitions that we have used in the empirical part. It means E-Commerce, E-Merchandising, Marketing mix and ECRM. Then, we have given some information about website elements as the first page, the graphic website, buying process, electronic payment and website security. Finally, we have defined all the information about the brand and its different powers on the market: We start by a “brand awareness” explication, then we have defined “how is build a brand” to finish by the topic “band and reputation”. Conclusions: We present the answer of our purpose. French Luxury companies use marketing tools in order to protect the image of their brand when they do e-commerce. We also bring some suggestions to Louis Vuitton and give some critics concerning our study. Finally we open our reflexion to related studies that could be interesting to do.

Den svenska modebranschen är en hårt konkurrensutsatt bransch och för mindre modeföretagi tillväxtfas är ett starkt varumärke och image en viktig del i att särskilja sig och sinaprodukter från mängden. I ett mindre modeföretag kan varumärkesfrågor lätt komma attbortprioriteras med främsta motivet att budgeten inte ger utrymme för den typen av satsningarsamt att kompetensen inom företaget ofta brister på just dessa punkter. Som alternativ har denexterna varumärkesprocessen presenterats som ett mer realistiskt alternativ för det mindremodeföretaget då det går ut på att låta sitt kringliggande externa nätverk i större utsträckningstyra och påverka varumärket. Detta branschnätverk kan bestå av allt från media, regering ochintresseorganisationer till mer närliggande aktörer som återförsäljare, PR-byrå ochleverantörer.Syftet med uppsatsen är att, utifrån ett varumärkesperspektiv, beskriva vilket inflytandeexterna branschaktörer har på ett mindre modeföretags tillväxt. För att exemplifiera problemethar en enkel fallstudie på det svenska modeföretaget Stylein genomförts, som med sinpositionering i det svenska medelprissegmentet och tillväxtfas befinner sig inom ramen förden problematik som beskrivs. För att belysa alla aspekter av de externa aktörernas påverkanpå varumärket och dess utveckling och tillväxt har en triangulerande forskningsstrategianvänts bestående av metoder som intervjuer med återförsäljare och branschexperter samt endokumentanalys och mailenkät till medieaktörer.Resultatet av undersökningarna har lett till att tre huvudsakliga effekter av de externaaktörernas påverkan har identifierats; direkt försäljning, ökad varumärkeskännedom ochimageskapande. Vilken effekt som erhålls beror i sin tur på vilken image varumärket lyckasetablera i medvetandet på de olika inflytelserika aktörerna i det externa branschnätverket.The Swedish fashion industry is highly competitive and it is important for smaller fashionbrands in the phase of growth to have a strong brand and image in order to better distinguishthe brand and the products from the mainstream. In a smaller fashion company, issuesregarding the brand might easily be overlooked or not prioritized at all due to limitations inbudget or competence missing in the company for this type of activities. The external brandprocess has been presented as a realistic alternative for the small fashion brand to strengthentheir image by letting their surrounding external industry network influence the brand andgetting greater control in its growth. The industry network includes media, government andnon-government organizations to closer actors such as retailers, PR-agencies and suppliers.The purpose of this thesis project is, from a branding perspective; to describe what power theexternal actors has on SMEs opportunities to grow. Through a case study on the small fashioncompany Stylein the problem is exemplified and highlighted in a clearer context. In order toillustrate all aspects of the external actors' influence on the brand, its development andgrowth, a triangulated research method has been chosen as strategy consisting of a mix ofinterviews with retail wholesalers and industry experts, a document analysis and mail surveyto media actors.The result of the external actors' impact has been identified to three main effects: directincreased sales, increased brand awareness and image creation. Which of the three effects thatthe company will receive depends on the image the brand succeed to establish in the minds ofthe various powerful actors in the external network. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Internet når idag över 8 miljoner människor i Sverige och är en naturlig del av vardagen för många. För företag betyder detta en viktig marknadsföringskanal som inte bör underskattas. Genom att kommunicera med målgruppen via plattformer såsom sociala nätverk, bloggar och mikrobloggar kan företag erbjuda mervärde och bygga relationer online. Genom att utnyttja rätt marknadsföringskanal kan onlinemarknadsföring undvika att uppfattas som påträngande för konsumenten och istället inspirera på ett hjälpfullt sätt.Syftet med studien är att med en kartläggning av fast-fashionkonsumenters nätbeteende och attityder fastställa hur modeföretaget Gina Tricot som har flera försäljningskanaler kan öka besöksfrekvensen till den virtuella butiken genom marknadsföring online. Uppsatsen har en kvalitativ ansats med en fallstudiedesign. De insamlade empiriska data är av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ natur då både en bredd och ett djup har eftersträvats. Datamaterialet består av en webbenkät med 181 respondenter, strukturerade intervjuer på stan med 120 respondenter, två gruppintervjuer samt en personlig intervju med en marknadskoordinator.Det empiriska materialet har analyserats utifrån den teoretiska referensramen bestående av teorier om onlinemarknadsföring, konsumentbeteende samt multi-channel-återförsäljning. Studien har visat att bloggar är en stark marknadsföringskanal för modeföretag då konsumenterna känner en stor tillit till bloggare samt då det hjälper dem att förkorta köpprocessen. Analysen visar även att det genom sociala nätverk är viktigt för modeföretag att bygga relationer samt aktivt kommunicera med målgruppen för att skapa lojalitet. Andra starka kanaler har visat sig vara nyhetsbrev samt banners. För att stärka Gina Tricots webbutik har ett behov observerats av att uppmärksamma det breda sortiment som finns representerat på Internet då större utbud visat sig vara det starkaste motivet till onlineshopping i studien. Resultatet visade även att webbutiken behöver erbjuda en högre visuell upplevelse då exponeringen av produkterna på ginatricot.com idag inte överkommer den stora riskuppfattning som köp av kläder online innebär för konsumenten. Sett utifrån ett marknadsföringsperspektiv kan denna förändring ha en positiv word of mouth effekt samt kan till fördel användas vid exponering av produkter på sociala nätverk.Internet reaches today over 8 million people in Sweden and has become a natural part of the everyday life. For companies this means a marketing channel too important to ignore. By communicating with the target group via social networks, blogs and micro blogs the company is able to offer an added value and to build relationships online. By choosing the right marketing channel and strategy the online marketing is able to avoid being seen as intrusive and the consumer could instead perceive the marketing as inspiring and helpful. When using a multichannel perspective offering e-commerce, marketing online becomes important to manage increased awareness and generate more traffic to the web site.The purpose of the study is by the identification of fast fashion consumer’s behavior and attitudes determine how the fashion company Gina Tricot is able to increase the traffic to their virtual store through marketing online. The paper has a case study design with a qualitative approach. The empirical data are both qualitative and quantitative to ensure a depth and a width to the thesis. The gathering of the data has been made through a web survey which consists of 181 respondents, 120 structured interviews, two group interviews and one interview with a market coordinator. The gathered empirics have been analyzed according to the theoretical framework which consists of theories regarding online marketing, consumer behavior and multi-channel retailing.The findings made in the thesis show that blogs are a strong marketing channel because of the great trust consumers feel towards bloggers and since blogs also help consumers to abbreviate the buying process. The analysis also shows that it is important to build relationships on social networks and to actively keep a two-way communication in order to create loyalty. Other effective marketing channels are companies’ newsletters and banner ads. To strengthen the image of the online store of Gina Tricot we have observed a need to inform the consumer of the wide and more unique assortment they offer online since a larger assortment and uniqueness has shown being the strongest reason for online shopping in this thesis. The result also showed that the web shop needs to provide a higher visual experience since the exposure of today’s products on ginatricot.com do not overcome the consumer’s risk perception of buying clothes online. From a marketing perspective this change can have a positive word of mouth effect among consumers and can be used positively when displaying products on social networks. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Although tourism has been recognised as an important subfield in nation branding little research have focused on its role in the nation branding process. A managerial perspective was assumed to examine what role tourism has in nation branding. This study adopts a deductive approach reviewing existing literature on nation branding, brand management strategies and tourism stakeholders. A case study on how tourism is integrated in nation branding strategies and how stakeholders operating in the tourism sector perceive their own influence on the nation-brand was conducted in Sweden using a qualitative method. Data was collected through interviews with managers in organisations that directly or indirectly work with tourism while being involved in the strategic nation branding of Sweden. A conceptual framework was developed to illustrate how the nation-brand is created and communicated through tourism. The study concludes that tourism can have a significant role in nation branding and affect other subfields if the right circumstances are given. Strong collaborations are a prerequisite for effective nation branding and strategies should incorporate national identity and country-of-origin for authenticity. Future research could focus on comparing the role of tourism in nation branding with other subfields as well as comparing how organisations on the same level work with nation branding strategies.