Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:03:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1242883 bytes, checksum: a81b991f13a9d30c3ec53f27fac5d4fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The eating habits of children are severely constrained to the purchasing power of parents, which depend on availability, quality and quantity of food consumed, directly influencing the daily consumption of vitamins with antioxidant properties, important for the prevention of chronic diseases and specific nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family income and daily consumption of &#946;-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E among children in the city of João Pessoa/PB, Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the municipality of João Pessoa/PB, involving the five Health Districts defined by the City Hall Health Department. One hundred and eighty-three children aged 2 to <10 years were evaluated, in a sample stratified by income level representative of the population of Joao Pessoa. The research instrument consisted of questionnaires addressing socio-economic, demographic, epidemiological, anthropometric and food consumption variables. The results were analyzed with the R software, using descriptive (mean, median, standard-deviation, simple and relative frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression). Participants were predominantly male (55.29%) from income classes E (up to U.S. $ 428.64) and C (> U.S. $ 622.31 - U.S. $ 2,682.93) and mothers who have studied nine years or more. As for the intake of vitamins, there was low inadequacy of vitamin C (7.65%) and high inadequacy of vitamin E (59.41%), the latter being more frequent in the age group of 4-8 years (32.94% of children). There was an inverse correlation between income and energy intake (r = -0.1525, p <0.05) and between income and consumption of vitamin E (r = -0.3, p <0.05). The relationship between income and maternal education (p <0.05), between income and consumption of &#946;-Carotene and between income and consumption of vitamin C was significantly positive (r = 0.33 and r = 0.28, respectively, p < 0.05). It was concluded that the consumption of vitamins with antioxidant properties is positively related to family income in relation to vitamin C and &#946;- carotene, and negatively with respect to vitamin E and calories. / As práticas alimentares de crianças estão fortemente condicionadas ao poder aquisitivo das famílias, do qual dependem a disponibilidade, a quantidade e a qualidade dos alimentos consumidos, influenciando diretamente no consumo alimentar habitual de vitaminas, com ação antioxidante, importantes para a prevenção de doenças crônicas e carenciais específicas. Este estudo objetivou analisar a relação entre renda familiar e consumo alimentar habitual de &#946;-caroteno, vitamina C e vitamina E de crianças do município de João Pessoa/PB, Brasil. Estudo de base populacional, de corte transversal, realizado no município de João Pessoa/PB, envolvendo os cinco Distritos Sanitários delimitados pela Secretaria de Saúde do Município. Avaliou-se 183 crianças na faixa etária de 2 a < 10 anos em uma amostragem estratificada por nível de renda representativa da população de João Pessoa. O instrumento de pesquisa constituiu-se de questionários abordando variáveis sócio-econômicas, demográficas, epidemiológicas, antropométricas e de consumo alimentar. Analisaram-se os resultados com o Software R, por meio da estatística descritiva (média, mediana, desvio-padrão, frequência simples e relativa e percentual) e inferencial (correlações e regressões). Houve predominância do gênero masculino (55,29%), das classes de renda E (até US$ 428.64) e C (> US$ 622.31 - US$ 2,682.93) e de mães que estudaram 9 anos ou mais. Quanto ao consumo de vitaminas, houve baixa inadequação de vitamina C (7,65%) e elevada inadequação de vitamina E (59,41%), sendo esta mais frequente na faixa etária de 4 a 8 anos (32,94% das crianças). Houve uma correlação inversa entre renda e consumo energético (r = -0,1525, p<0,05) e entre renda e consumo de vitamina E (r = -0,3, p< 0,05). A relação entre renda e escolaridade materna (p< 0,05), entre renda e consumo de &#946;-Caroteno e entre renda e consumo de vitamina C foi significativamente positiva (r = 0,33 e r =0,28, respectivamente, p< 0,05). Conclui-se que o consumo de vitaminas com ação antioxidante está positivamente relacionado com a renda familiar, no que se refere à Vitamina C e ao &#946;-Caroteno, e negativamente no que se refere à Vitamina E e calorias.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:03:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3546652 bytes, checksum: 8e9dbee6579c5859b11ab942573194a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the ability of adhesion, the kinetics of separation, the pattern of biofilm formation of strains of S. aureus isolated from different Food and Nutrition Services from João Pessoa - PB, when cultured in meat-based broth and vegetable-based broth, and incubated at temperatures of 28ºC and 7°C for an extended time (24 72 h). Still, we evaluated the effect of applying sanitizers sodium hypochlorite (250 mg/L) and peracetic acid (30 mg/L) at inactivating bacterial cells in the biofilm matrix formed previously. These experiments were used as coupons (2 x 2 cm) of polypropylene and stainless steel AISI 304, whereas these materials are widely used in the composition of surfaces, equipment and / or utensils used in various types of food services. The results showed a high adhesion capacity of the strains tested in meat-based broth and vegetable-based broth with counts above 5 log CFU/cm2, regardless of surface type and incubation temperature. The detachment of cells on the surface was at least 103 during the first 6 CFU/cm2 contact with agar for both types of substrate used, featuring a high persistence over a prolonged incubation time (24 to 72h). There was not a clear influence from the surface and the temperature used to evaluate the adhesion. In general, for both types of substrate was shown a similar pattern of biofilm formation when strains were subjected to different combinations of surface types and growth temperatures. The number of cells (105-107 CFU/cm2) required for biofilm formation was observed in all experimental systems already after 3 days of incubation followed by a linear decrease after the 6th day, with the exception of strain S28 grown in vegetablebased broth, which showed values around 104 CFU/cm2 the first 24 hours of incubation. A range from 2.6 to 3.7 log CFU/cm2 for strains incubated meat-based broth and 2.0 to 3.3 log CFU/cm2 for strains incubated in vegetable-based broth was observed in reducing cells in the matrix of the biofilm caused by peracetic acid while the sodium hypochlorite reduction was about 2.1 to 2.7 log CFU/cm2 and 1.5 to 2.1 CFU/cm2 for strains grown in meat-based broth and vegetables, respectively. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the strains tested showed a high capacity for adhesion and biofilm formation on food contact surfaces when exposed to different culture media and environmental characteristics. Furthermore, the sanitizers used, although reducing the number of adhered cells, demonstrate a certain ineffectiveness in removing cells from the biofilm matrix considering the number of remaining cells found after the process of applying sanitizers. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de adesão, a cinética de separação, a formação de biofilmes de cepas de S. aureus isoladas de diferentes Serviços de Alimentação e Nutrição da cidade de João Pessoa PB, quando cultivadas em caldo substrato base carne e caldo substrato base vegetais, e incubadas em temperaturas de 28ºC e 7ºC por um tempo prolongado (24 72 h) além de avaliar o efeito da aplicação dos sanitizantes hipoclorito de sódio (250 mg/L) e ácido peracético (30 mg/L) em inativar células bacterianas na matriz do biofilme previamente formado. Nestes experimentos foram utilizadas como superfícies-testes minisuperfícies (3 x 3 cm) de polipropileno e de aço inoxidável AISI 304, visto que tais materiais são amplamente utilizados na composição de superfícies, equipamentos e/ou utensílios utilizados nos variados tipos de serviços de alimentação. Os resultados mostraram uma alta capacidade de adesão das cepas avaliadas em caldo substrato base carne e em caldo substrato base vegetal com contagens superiores a 5 log UFC/cm2, independente do tipo de superfície e a temperatura de incubação. O descolamento das células nas superfícies foi de pelo menos 103 UFC/cm2 durante os 6 primeiros contatos com o ágar para os dois tipos de substrato utilizados, caracterizando uma alta persistência durante um tempo prolongado de incubação (24 a 72h). Não foi encontrada uma clara influência em relação à superfície e a temperatura utilizada na avaliação da capacidade de adesão. Em geral, para os dois tipos de substratos utilizados foi demonstrado um padrão de formação de biofilme semelhante, ao final de 15 dias de incubação, quando as cepas foram submetidas às diferentes combinações de tipos de superfícies e temperaturas de crescimento. O número de células (105 107 UFC/cm2) necessários para a formação do biofilme foi observado em todos os sistemas experimentais já após 3 dias de incubação seguidos de uma redução linear após o 6º dia, com exceção da cepa S28 cultivada em caldo substrato base vegetais, que apresentou valores em torno de 104 UFC/cm2 nas primeiras 24h de incubação. Um intervalo de 2,6 3,7 log UFC/cm2 para as cepas incubadas em caldo substrato base carne e de 2,0 3,3 log UFC/cm2 para as cepas incubadas em caldo substrato base vegetal foi observado na redução das células na matriz do biofilme causado pelo ácido peracético enquanto que pelo hipoclorito de sódio a redução foi da ordem de 2,1 2,7 log UFC/cm2 e de 1,5 2,1 UFC/cm2 para cepas cultivadas em caldos substrato base carne e vegetais, respectivamente. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as cepas testadas evidenciam uma elevada capacidade de adesão e formação de biofilme em superfícies de contato de alimentos quando expostas a diferentes meios de cultura e características ambientais. Alem disso, os sanitizantes utilizados, apesar de reduzirem o número de células aderidas às superfícies, demonstraram ineficácia na remoção de células da matriz do biofilme tendo em vista o número de células viáveis encontradas após o processo de aplicação dos sanitizantes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:03:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2143595 bytes, checksum: cd68588bc6cf7dd866101648b6f3ef24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The highest intake of processed meat products in relation to red meat may increase the risk of colon cancer incidence and / or rectum and prostate. Despite ample evidence of this relationship further research is needed to indicate which foods are involved with this risk and to help clarify the mechanisms of the relationship between dietary com-ponents and the development of these diseases. Aiming to collaborate with more in-formation about this important topic, this research was conducted with the purpose of, from the experimental animal model to evaluate the effect of consuming diets contain-ing bologna and smoked not smoked on the biochemical and histopathological aspects of liver cells and intestinal colon of rats (Wistar) male. A total of 30 rats with 90 days of life divided into three groups. The Control group received a standard diet with case-in, the group consuming traditional diet made with Mortadella Bologna traditional source of protein that was supplemented with casein and the third group ate a diet de-signed with smoked Mortadella Bologna as a source of protein that was supplemented with casein (Smoked group), experimental diets were offered daily for a period of 90 days. Were examined analysis of the composition and identification of fatty acids of bologna. During the trial, held weekly assessment of weekly intake and weight gain of animals. After 90 days the animals were weighed and anesthetized to collect blood for analysis of plasma lipid fractions. Excision was performed, cleaning and weighing of the liver, spleen and visceral fat and performed histopathological analysis of liver and intestinal colon. The traditional sausage and smoked sausage contained respectively 15.27% ± 1.35 and 15.85 ± 1.89% protein, 26.19% ± 0.43 and 25.38 ± 0.272% fat, 2.46% 3.075 ± 0.049 and ± 0.45% carbohydrate, 2.65% ± 0.507 and 3.085 ± 0.45% of ash. The proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids: polyunsaturated: saturated (M: P: S) detected was 2.7: 1: 2.2 and 2.6 in the traditional bologna: 1: 2.1 in smoked sau-sage, not showing the recommended proportion . The consumption of diets showed significant differences between groups and between weeks. The body weight of the animals and traditional smoked increased steadily with time and the control group showed oscillations. The levels of plasma lipid fractions were higher in group smoked. It is concluded that the quality and the proportion of fatty acids monounsaturated: po-lyunsaturated: saturated (M: P: S) present in both types of mortadella contributed sig-nificantly to these results and that although the fatty acid composition are similar, the animals consumed diet containing smoked sausage showed greater imbalance in the lipid profile, which may have been caused by increased food intake. Regarding the histopathological analysis of liver, smoked group was observed higher concentration of mononuclear cells within hepatic portal, which may have been caused by chemical substances present in sausage smoked by the deposition of the smoke settles / O maior consumo de produtos cárneos processados em relação à carne vermelha pode elevar o risco da incidência do câncer de cólon e/ ou reto e próstata. Apesar de várias evidências desta relação são necessárias mais pesquisas para indicar quais alimentos estão envolvidos com esse risco e contribuir para esclarecimento dos mecanismos da relação entre os compo-nentes da dieta e o desenvolvimento dessas doenças. Visando colaborar com mais informa-ções sobre esse importante tema, esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de, a partir do modelo experimental em animais, avaliar o efeito do consumo de dietas elaboradas com mor-tadelas defumadas e não defumadas sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos e os aspectos histopato-lógicos das células hepáticas e de cólon intestinal de ratos (wistar) machos. Foram utilizados 30 ratos com 90 dias de vida distribuídos em três grupos. O grupo Controle recebeu dieta pa-drão com caseína, o grupo Tradicional consumiu dieta elaborada com mortadela Bologna tra-dicional, como fonte de proteínas que foi completada pela caseína e o terceiro grupo consumi-ram a dieta elaborada com mortadela Bologna defumada também como fonte de proteína que foi completada com caseína (grupo Defumado), as dietas experimentais foram ofertadas diari-amente por um período de 90 dias. Foram realizadas a análise da composição centesimal e identificação de ácidos graxos das mortadelas. Durante o experimento, semanalmente reali-zou-se avaliação do consumo semanal e ganho de peso dos animais. Após o período de 90 dias os animais foram pesados e anestesiados para coleta de sangue para análise das frações lipídicas plasmáticas. Foi realizada excisão, limpeza e pesagem do fígado, baço e gordura visceral e realizada análise histopatológica do fígado e cólon intestinal. A mortadela tradicio-nal e a mortadela defumada continham respectivamente 15,27% ± 1,35 e 15,85% ± 1,89 de proteínas, 26,19% ± 0,43 e 25,38% ± 0,272 de gordura, 2,46% ± 0,049 e 3,075% ± 0,45 de carboidratos, 2,65% ± 0,507 e 3,085% ± 0,45 de resíduo mineral fixo. A proporção de ácidos de graxos monoinsaturado:polinsaturado:saturado (M:P:S) detectado foi 2,7: 1: 2,2 na morta-dela tradicional e 2,6: 1: 2,1 na mortadela defumada, não apresentando proporção recomenda-da. O consumo de dietas apresentou diferenças significativas entre os grupos e entre as sema-nas. O peso corporal dos animais do grupo defumado e tradicional aumentou de forma estável com o tempo e o grupo controle apresentou oscilações. Os níveis das frações lipídicas plasmá-ticas foram maiores nos animais do grupo defumado. Conclui-se que a qualidade e a propor-ção dos ácidos graxos monoinsaturado:polinsaturado:saturado (M:P:S) presentes nos dois tipos de mortadelas contribuíram significativamente para estes resultados e que, apesar de a composição de ácidos graxos serem semelhantes, os animais que consumiram a dieta conten-do mortadela defumada apresentaram maior desequilíbrio no perfil lipídico, que pode ter sido ocasionado pelo maior consumo da dieta. Com relação as análise histopatológica do fígado, no grupo defumado foi observado maior concentração de infiltrado mononuclear no espaço porta hepático, que pode ter sido ocasionado pela presença de substâncias químicas presente na mortadela defumada pela deposição da fumaça liquida.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-15T14:39:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SamariaSilvaDeAraujoGarcia_DISSERT.pdf: 2818722 bytes, checksum: 5b34e5b4e38aa8836f6517bf0e6ed582 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-20T22:18:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SamariaSilvaDeAraujoGarcia_DISSERT.pdf: 2818722 bytes, checksum: 5b34e5b4e38aa8836f6517bf0e6ed582 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-20T22:18:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SamariaSilvaDeAraujoGarcia_DISSERT.pdf: 2818722 bytes, checksum: 5b34e5b4e38aa8836f6517bf0e6ed582 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / O peixe voador ? um dos recursos dispon?veis de import?ncia econ?mica e social para pa?ses como a Filipinas, Indon?sia, Peru, Barbados, Trindade e Tobago e Brasil, contudo os processos relacionados ? sua perda de frescor s?o pouco conhecidos. Uma ferramenta para avaliar as propriedades sensoriais do grau de frescor do pescado, considerando aspectos espec?ficos para cada esp?cie, ? o M?todo do ?ndice de Qualidade (MIQ), o qual fornece pontua??es de dem?rito para os atributos sensoriais do pescado em fun??o do grau de deteriora??o. Neste estudo, objetivou-se desenvolver o MIQ para avalia??o do frescor do peixe voador (Hirundichthys affinis, G?nther, 1866) inteiro e armazenado em gelo, correlacionando com an?lises f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas ao longo do per?odo de armazenamento. Para isso foram recrutados candidatos e selecionado julgadores sensoriais pelos Teste de Reconhecimento de Aromas e Teste de 100 matizes de Farnsworth Munsell. O desenvolvimento do MIQ se deu por meio de 3 ensaios de armazenamento e foram utilizados exemplares de peixe voador capturados em Cai?ara do Norte, RN, Brasil. Foram realizadas an?lises microbiol?gicas (contagem de Coliformes a 45?C/g, pesquisa de Salmonella sp/25g, an?lise de Estafilococos coagulase positiva/g e contagem total de microrganismos aer?bios mes?filos e psicrotr?ficos) e f?sico-qu?micas (mensura??o do pH e a determina??o de nitrog?nio das Bases Vol?teis Totais, Trimetilamina e Subst?ncias Reativas ao ?cido Tiobarbit?rico). Assim, foi desenvolvido um esquema MIQ com 11 par?metros, agrupados em 3 atributos principais (aspecto geral, olhos e guelras) e o ?ndice de Qualidade apresentou alta correla??o linear (r = 0,956) com o tempo de armazenamento indicando perda de frescor durante os dias. A contagem total de bact?rias aer?bias mes?filas e psicrotr?ficas revelaram forte e significante correla??o com o tempo de armazenamento (r = 0,705, p < 0,001 e r = 0,934 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), variando de 3,20 log UFC/g (1? dia) a 5,61 log UFC/g (19? dia de armazenamento) e de 2,0 log UFC/g (1? dia) a 8,18 log UFC/g (19? dia de armazenamento), respectivamente. Salmonella n?o foi detectada em nenhuma amostra. Foi encontrado Estafilococos coagulase positivo (4,0x102 UFC/g) e coliformes a 45?C (3,6 NMP/g) em uma amostra no 9? dia de armazenamento. Os valores m?dios de pH tiveram aumento linear e cont?nuo (p < 0,001), variando de 6,23 (1? dia) a 6,88 (19? dia). Os valores m?dios de N-BVT e N-TMA variaram, respectivamente, de 25,19 (1? dia) a 39,42 mg N-BVT/100g (19? dia) e 6,58 (1? dia) a 12,17 mg TMA/100g (19? dia), apresentando um aumento linear, cont?nuo e significativo (p < 0,001 e p < 0,001) com forte e significativa correla??o linear (r = 0,923, p < 0,001 e r = 0,747, p < 0,001) com o tempo de armazenamento. As m?dias das Subst?ncias Reativas ao ?cido Tiobarbit?rico (SRATB) variaram de 0,08 (1? dia) a 2,52 MA/kg (22? dia). A An?lise de Componentes Principais sugere que o peixe voador permane?a com grau de frescor aceit?vel por at? 9 dias, considerando as an?lises realizadas e condi??es de armazenagem em gelo utilizadas neste estudo. / The flying fish is one of the resources of economic and social importance available to countries such as the Philippines, Indonesia, Peru, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and Brazil, but the processes related to their loss of freshness unknown. A tool to evaluate the sensory properties of fish freshness, considering specific aspects for each species, is the Quality Index Method (QIM), which provides demerit scores for the attributes of the fish as a function of the deterioration stage. The objective of this study was to develop the QIM to evaluate the freshness of the fish (Hirundichthys affinis, G?nther, G?nther, 1866), correlating with physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes throughout the storage period. For this purpose candidates were recruited and selected sensory judges by the Farnsworth Munsell Aroma Test and Test of 100 shades. The development of the QIM was done by means of 3 storage tests and were used flying fish specimens captured in Cai?ara do Norte, RN, Brazil. Microbiological analyzes (Coliform counts at 45?C/g, Salmonella sp/25g analysis, Coagulase positive Staphylococcus and total counts of aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic) and physicochemical analyzes were performed (pH measurement and determination of Total Volatile Bases and Trimethylamine). Then, a QIM scheme was developed with 11 parameters, grouped into 3 main attributes (appearance, eyes and gills) and a Quality Index that presented high linear correlation (r = 0.956) with storage time indicating loss of freshness during the days. The total count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria showed a significant increase (p = 0.009), ranging from 3.20 log CFU/g (1st day) to 5.61 log CFU/g (19th day of storage). The total count of mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic bacteria showed a strong and significant correlation with storage time (r = 0.705, p < 0.001 and r = 0.934 p <0.001, respectively), ranging from 3.20 log CFU/g (1st day) 5.61 log UFC / g (19th day storage) and 2.0 log UFC/g (1st day) at 8.18 log UFC/g (19th day storage), respectively. Salmonella was not detected. Coagulase positive Staphylococcus (4.0x102 CFU/g) and coliforms at 45?C (3.6 NMP/g) were found in a 9th day storage sample. The mean values of pH with a linear and continuous increase (p < 0.001), ranging from 6.23 (1st day) to 6.88 (19th day). The mean values of TVB-N and TMA-N ranged respectively from 25.19 (1st day) to 39.42 mg TVB-N/100 g (19th day) and 6.58 (1st day) to 12.17 mg (p <0.001 and p < 0.001) with a strong and significant linear correlation (r = 0.923, p < 0.001 and r = 0.747, p < 0.001) with storage time. As averages of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) ranged from 0.08 (1st day) to 2.52 MA / Kg (22nd day). The Principal Component Analysis suggests that the flying fish remain with an acceptable degree of freshness for up to 9 days, considering the analyzes and ice storage conditions used in this study.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T20:51:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPaulaDiasInocencioBarbosa_DISSERT.pdf: 1515099 bytes, checksum: a5c24fb1ca663880277fada4d9928018 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-19T11:54:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPaulaDiasInocencioBarbosa_DISSERT.pdf: 1515099 bytes, checksum: a5c24fb1ca663880277fada4d9928018 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-19T11:54:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPaulaDiasInocencioBarbosa_DISSERT.pdf: 1515099 bytes, checksum: a5c24fb1ca663880277fada4d9928018 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A constru??o da subjetividade em rela??o ao corpo ocorre ao longo de toda a vida, e nas mulheres privadas de liberdade as condi??es de vida impostas pelo c?rcere podem potencializar ou mesmo influenciar de forma diversa a percep??o de sua imagem corporal (IC). Este trabalho avaliou a IC e fatores associados ? distor??o e ? insatisfa??o da IC em mulheres encarceradas em regime fechado de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, desenvolvido com detentas entre 18 e 57 anos de idade. Foram coletadas informa??es pessoais sociodemogr?ficas (idade, escolaridade, renda familiar, estado civil, tempo de reclus?o, frequ?ncia de visitas e n?mero de filhos) por meio de entrevista, e mensurados o peso e a estatura para obten??o do ?ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC). A avalia??o da IC se deu por meio da Escala de Figuras de Silhuetas para adultos brasileiros (EFS). Utilizou-se a Raz?o de Preval?ncia e seu respectivo Intervalo de Confian?a de 95% para avaliar a for?a da associa??o entre as vari?veis dependentes (distor??o e insatisfa??o da IC) e as vari?veis independentes. A concord?ncia entre o IMC obtido por antropometria (IMC-A) e o IMC estimado pela EFS (IMC-E) foi verificada pelo m?todo Bland-Altman. As participantes tinham idade m?dia de 31,7 anos (8,48), e a m?dia de IMC-A foi de 27,67Kg/m?. Cerca de 65% encontrava-se acima do peso e 27,8% apresentava obesidade. Houve distor??o da IC em 83,3% das participantes. Destas, 82,7% superestimaram o tamanho do seu corpo, imputando em m?dia, 5,59 (2,73) Kg/m2 a mais ao seu corpo real. A maioria das mulheres (91,6%) se demonstrou insatisfeita com o corpo. Embora boa parte (58,9%) tenha desejado ter um IMC, em m?dia, 9,01 Kg/m2 (+ 5,25) menor, cerca de um ter?o desejou aumentar o tamanho do corpo, em m?dia, 6,43 Kg/m? (+ 4,34). As caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas, o estado nutricional (RP = 0,99 IC95% 0,89-1,11) e o tempo de reclus?o (RP = 1,06 IC95% 0,94-1,19) n?o estiveram associados ? insatisfa??o com a IC. N?o foram verificadas associa??es entre a distor??o da IC e o tempo de encarceramento (RP=1,17 IC95% 0,96-1,42) ou estado nutricional (RP=1,10 IC95% 0,89-1,36). Conclui-se que a maioria das mulheres em reclus?o ? insatisfeita com seus corpos e distorce sua IC, revelando a necessidade de que esses aspectos sejam contemplados nas a??es de promo??o da sa?de no sistema prisional. / The construction of subjectivity in relation to the body occurs throughout live, and in incarcerated women, life conditions imposed by the imprisonment can strengthen or influence body image (BI) perception. This study analyzed the BI distortion and dissatisfaction and its associated factors in incarcerated women in closed regime of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A observational cross-sectional study was conducted with the 18 to 57 year-old imprisoned women. An interview was conducted regarding personal sociodemographic information (age, education, family income, marital status, time of confinement, visitation frequency and number of children), and measured their weight and height in order to calculate Body Mass Index. BI was evaluated by using a Figure Rating Scale for Brazilian adults (FRS). Prevalence Ratio and its respective Confidence Interval of 95% were taken into consideration to investigate the strength of the association between the dependent (distortion and dissatisfaction of BI) and independent variables. The concordance between BMI-A and BMI-E was verified by the Bland-Altman method. Participants presented, in average, 31.7 (? 8.48) years old, 27.67 Kg/m? of BMI-A. Approximately 65% had excessive weight, of which 27.8% were obese. BI distortion was present in 83.3% of the participants. Amongst these women, 82.7% overestimated their body size, adding in average 5.59 Kg/m? (? 2.73) to their real body. Most of the participants (91.6%) expressed dissatisfaction with their own body. Although the majority expressed the desire to have a BMI 9.01 Kg/m? (? 5.25) lower, one third of them aspired to enlarge their body in 6.43 Kg/m? (+ 4.34). Sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status (PR = 0.99 95%CI 0.89-1.11) and time of confinement (PR = 1.06 95% CI 0.94-1.19) were independently associated with their BI dissatisfaction. No associations were found between BI distortion and incarceration time (PR = 1.17 95% CI 0.96-1.42), or nutritional status (PR = 1.10 and 95% CI 0.89-1.36). We conclude that the majority of the incarcerated women are dissatisfied with their BI and present distorted BI, revealing the need for such aspects to be included in health promotion activities in the prison system.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-13T14:06:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RaphaelaCeciliaTheMaiaDeArrudaFalcao_DISSERT.pdf: 1211859 bytes, checksum: cb12d03f3daede02af0d28d0f97cc04e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-19T17:19:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RaphaelaCeciliaTheMaiaDeArrudaFalcao_DISSERT.pdf: 1211859 bytes, checksum: cb12d03f3daede02af0d28d0f97cc04e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-19T17:19:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaphaelaCeciliaTheMaiaDeArrudaFalcao_DISSERT.pdf: 1211859 bytes, checksum: cb12d03f3daede02af0d28d0f97cc04e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-30 / Os h?bitos alimentares na adolesc?ncia s?o caracterizados pelo elevado consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, e podem ter como consequ?ncia a defici?ncia de micronutrientes e a ocorr?ncia precoce de doen?as cr?nicas n?o-transmiss?veis. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e as rela??es com a preval?ncia da inadequa??o de nutrientes e os fatores de risco cardiometab?licos em adolescentes. Foi realizado estudo transversal com 444 adolescentes de escolas p?blicas no munic?pio de Natal, Nordeste do Brasil. Investigou-se as vari?veis hist?ria familiar de fatores de risco para doen?a cardiovascular, escolaridade materna, estado nutricional antropom?trico, matura??o sexual, press?o arterial e perfil lip?dico. Os dados de consumo alimentar e diet?tico foram obtidos por dois recordat?rios de 24 horas. Os alimentos consumidos foram classificados quanto ao tipo de processamento. Estimou-se a preval?ncia de inadequa??o de micronutrientes utilizando a Estimated Average Requirement - EAR como ponto de corte, exceto para o ferro em que foi utilizado o m?todo da abordagem probabil?stica manualmente determinada. Foi realizada uma regress?o log?stica ordinal para estimar a rela??o entre o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados com a preval?ncia de inadequa??o de micronutrientes e com os fatores de risco cardiomateb?licos. No P25-P50 o consumo de alimentos processados foi de 10,4 (1,2)% e o de ultraprocessados foi de 31,5 (2,2)%, do total de energia. Registrou-se elevadas preval?ncias de inadequa??o de consumo das vitaminas D, folato, vitamina E, c?lcio e sel?nio, em ambos os sexos. O maior consumo de alimentos processados foi positivamente associado ao aumento na preval?ncia de inadequa??o de vitamina B1 (p=0,04; RP 0,55) e sel?nio (p<0,01; RP=1,97) e o maior consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados foi associado a inadequa??o de vitamina B1 (p=0,03; RP=0,49) e de zinco (p<0,01; RP=0,49). O maior consumo de processados foi associado a hipercolesterolemia (p= 0,04; RP= 3,08) e a hipertrigliceridemia (p= 0,02; RP= 3,79). A baixa escolaridade materna tamb?m foi associada ao maior consumo de alimentos processados (p< 0,01; RP= 1,72) e ultraprocessados (p= 0,03; RP= 0,36). O consumo excessivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados por adolescentes associa-se ao aumento da preval?ncia de inadequa??o de nutrientes, principalmente vitamina B1, sel?nio e zinco, bem como a fatores de risco cardiometab?licos, implicando em preju?zos nas condi??es de sa?de a curto e longo prazo. / Eating habits in adolescence are characterized by high consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and may result in micronutrient deficiency and the early occurrence of chronic noncommunicable diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and the relationships between the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 444 adolescents from public schools in the city of Natal, Northeastern Brazil. The variables family history of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, maternal schooling, anthropometric nutritional status, sexual maturation, blood pressure and lipid profile were investigated. Dietary and food intake data were obtained by two 24-hour recalls. The foods consumed were classified according to the type of processing. The prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy was estimated using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as the cut-off point, except for the iron in which the manually determined probabilistic approach was used. An ordinal logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy and cardiomathobolic risk factors. At P25-P50 the consumption of processed foods was 10.4 (1.2)% and the ultraprocessed consumption was 31.5 (2.2)%, of the total energy. There was a high prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamins D, folate, vitamin E, calcium and selenium in both sexes. The higher intake of processed foods was positively associated with an increase in the prevalence of inadequate vitamin B1 (p = 0.04, PR 0.55) and selenium (p <0.01, PR = 1.97) and higher intake of (p = 0.03, PR = 0.49) and zinc (p <0.01, PR = 0.49). The highest processed consumption was associated with hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.04, PR = 3.08) and hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.02, PR = 3.79). Low maternal schooling was also associated with higher consumption of processed (p <0.01, PR = 1.72) and ultraprocessed foods (p = 0.03, PR = 0.36). Excessive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by adolescents is associated with an increase in the prevalence of inadequate nutrients, especially vitamin B1, selenium and zinc, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, implying short-term and long-term health losses.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-02T14:54:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoVale_DISSERT.pdf: 1254864 bytes, checksum: ecd386ea8bf94d14421ee28ba2e30068 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-09T18:44:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoVale_DISSERT.pdf: 1254864 bytes, checksum: ecd386ea8bf94d14421ee28ba2e30068 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-09T18:44:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoVale_DISSERT.pdf: 1254864 bytes, checksum: ecd386ea8bf94d14421ee28ba2e30068 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / A alimenta??o e nutri??o da popula??o brasileira ? complexa e determinada por m?ltiplos fatores que foram sendo modificados ao longo do tempo e distribuem-se de formas diferentes no espa?o geogr?fico brasileiro. Diante disso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as modifica??es temporais e espaciais da preval?ncia de excesso de peso, disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos, inseguran?a alimentar e desenvolvimento social nos diferentes n?veis de agrega??o geogr?ficos brasileiros. Trata-se de um estudo ecol?gico de desenho misto: (1) compreende a an?lise do espa?o, realizada nas 27 unidades da federa??o e nas cinco macrorregi?es do Brasil; e (2) investiga a tend?ncia temporal, a partir de estudos representativos da popula??o brasileira, desenvolvidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica e Programa das Na??es Unidas para o Desenvolvimento, nos per?odos de 1974-2003-2009. Avaliou-se a preval?ncia de excesso de peso, preval?ncia de domic?lios em inseguran?a alimentar, aquisi??o per capita e disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos por tipo de processamento e o ?ndice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). Foram utilizadas an?lises descritivas de frequ?ncia percentual, Compound Annual Rate, an?lise explorat?ria Panel data regression model e an?lise espacial univariada e bivariada, por meio do c?lculo dos ?ndices de Moran Global e Local, respectivamente. Em 2008-2009, foi verificada desigualdade espacial com forma??o de tr?s poss?veis territ?rios: Centro-Sul com alta preval?ncia de excesso de peso, de aquisi??o de ultraprocessados e IDH, e baixa preval?ncia de domic?lios com inseguran?a alimentar e aquisi??o de alimentos minimamente processados; e Norte-Nordeste, com baixa preval?ncia de excesso de peso, aquisi??o de ultraprocessados e IDH e alta preval?ncia de inseguran?a alimentar e aquisi??o de alimentos minimamente processados; e Nordeste Oriental, com altas preval?ncias de excesso de peso, de inseguran?a alimentar, aquisi??o de produtos aliment?cios ultraprocessados e melhores IDH, e baixa aquisi??o de minimamente processados. Entre 1974/2009, foi verificada redu??o na contribui??o anual de alimentos minimamente processados no Brasil (0,86%/ ano), sendo maior no Nordeste (-0,98%/ano) e menor no Centro-Oeste (0,50%/ ano). A disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados aumentaram no Brasil (1,09%/ano) e em todas as regi?es com maior acr?scimo no Sul (1,42%/ano) e menor no Sudeste (0,67%/ano). Nesse per?odo, a modifica??o da disponibilidade dessa categoria de alimentos teve associa??o positiva e significativa com embutidos, queijos e outros derivados do leite, bebidas alco?licas, margarina e refei??es prontas e misturas industrializadas (p<0,001). Conclui-se que o excesso de peso se correlacionou ao desenvolvimento social e ? aquisi??o de produtos aliment?cios ultraprocessados no territ?rio brasileiro. O aglomerado espacial Nordeste Oriental sugere a hip?tese da coexist?ncia entre melhorias no IDH em territ?rios de elevada preval?ncia de inseguran?a alimentar, relaciona-se ao crescimento das preval?ncias de excesso de peso. E que a disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados cresceu em todas as regi?es do Brasil. / The food and nutrition of the population is complex and determined by multiple factors that have been modified over time and are distributed in different ways in the Brazilian geographical space. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal and spatial changes in the prevalence of overweight, household food availability, food insecurity and social development in different levels of Brazilian geographic aggregation. This is an ecological study of mixed design: (1) comprises the analysis space, held in 27 states and the five geographical regions of Brazil; and (2) comprises the temporal trend research, from studies representative of the population, developed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the United Nations Development Program, in periods of 1974-2003-2009. We evaluated the prevalence of overweight, prevalence of household food insecurity, per capita caloric acquisition and availability of food by type of processing and the Human Development Index (HDI). Descriptive analyzes of percentage frequency were used, Compound Annual Rate, exploratory analysis Panel data regression model, univariate and bivariate spatial analysis, by calculating the global and location Moran index, respectively. In 2008-2009, spatial inequality was observed with formation of three possible areas: South-Central with high prevalence of overweight, acquisition ultra-processed foods and HDI, and low prevalence of food insecurity and acquisition of minimally processed foods; and North-Northeast, with low prevalence of overweight, acquisition ultra-processed foods and HDI and high prevalence of food insecurity and acquisition of minimally processed foods; Eastern Northeast, with high prevalences of overweight, food insecurity, acquisition ultra-processed foods and better HDI and low purchasing minimally processed foods. Between 1974/2009, was the reduction in the annual contribution of minimally processed foods in Brazil (0.86%/year), being higher in the Northeast (-0.98%/year) and lowest in the Midwest (0.50%/year). Caloric availability of processed and ultra-processed foods increased in Brazil (1.09% / year) and in all regions with the highest increase in the South (1.42% / year) and lowest in the Southeast (0.67% / year). During this period, the modification of the availability of this food category had a significant positive association with sausages, cheeses and other dairy products, alcoholic drinks, margarine, ready meals and industrialized mixes (p <0.001). It was concluded that excess weight is correlated to social development and the acquisition of ultra-processed foods in Brazil. The Eastern Northeast spatial clusters suggests the possibility of coexistence between improvements in the HDI and high prevalence of food insecurity, and the growth of overweight prevalence. And that calorie availability of processed and Eastern Northeast grew in all regions of Brazil.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-02T15:21:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoAlbertBarachoRuegg_DISSERT.pdf: 974954 bytes, checksum: 9e856f1f06a920e1fa423c790937ebd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-09T20:46:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoAlbertBarachoRuegg_DISSERT.pdf: 974954 bytes, checksum: 9e856f1f06a920e1fa423c790937ebd9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-09T20:46:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoAlbertBarachoRuegg_DISSERT.pdf: 974954 bytes, checksum: 9e856f1f06a920e1fa423c790937ebd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / In Brazil, the production and consumption of giblets are under development, in particular the liver, which is the source of nutrients considered to be a rich source of vitamin A. This vitamin is a micronutrient that plays an essential role in vision, growth, development and maintenance of the epithelial tissue, and in immunological processes in reproduction. Being a food easy acquisition and low commercial value, the chicken liver is a bet to combat vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which affects mainly children and pregnant women in developing countries. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of retinol by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in livers of farms of chickens, organic and hillbillies in different conditions of thawing and cooking, marketed in the city of Natal/RN. In addition, this study aimed to validate an adaptation of the methodology proposed by Hosotani & Kitawaga (2003) for retinol analysis in this food so that the method of analysis become simple, fast and cheap. The mean values of retinol in farm chicken liver for the three brands analyzed were: 9152,9 ? 719; 4673,1 ? 389; 5943,6 ? 614 mg/100 g (p < 0,05). The average retinol organic chicken liver was 3401,33 ? 597,12 g / 100 g. The average retinol in hillbilly chicken liver was 30094.79 ? 4628,75 g/100 g. It was observed that the baking oven for 35 minutes at 200 ? C and thawing process in microwave for one minute caused a significant loss of 39,9 % (p < 0,05) and 26,2 % (p < 0,01), respectively, the retinol concentration in farm chicken liver. The method validation technique resulted in a rapid extraction and determination and quantification need retinol in chicken liver samples, with an average retention time of 5,2 minutes at 23 ? C, with excellent results linearity (R = 0,9999 ) standard stock stability and freeze-thaw process accurately coefficient of variation below 15% and recovery with values of 93 % to 101,2 %. Despite significant losses in thermal processes, consumption of an average serving of roasted liver (88 g) supplies the daily requirement of vitamin A for a man over 14 years up to 6 times and 20 times the daily needs of children 1 to 3 years. The study showed a significant difference between farm livers brands as well as free-range and organic chicken livers, and a significant loss in the retinol content in chicken livers when subjected to thermal processing. The validated method is suitable and safe for retinol analysis in this type of food. / In Brazil, the production and consumption of giblets are under development, in particular the liver, which is the source of nutrients considered to be a rich source of vitamin A. This vitamin is a micronutrient that plays an essential role in vision, growth, development and maintenance of the epithelial tissue, and in immunological processes in reproduction. Being a food easy acquisition and low commercial value, the chicken liver is a bet to combat vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which affects mainly children and pregnant women in developing countries. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of retinol by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in livers of farms of chickens, organic and hillbillies in different conditions of thawing and cooking, marketed in the city of Natal/RN. In addition, this study aimed to validate an adaptation of the methodology proposed by Hosotani & Kitawaga (2003) for retinol analysis in this food so that the method of analysis become simple, fast and cheap. The mean values of retinol in farm chicken liver for the three brands analyzed were: 9152,9 ? 719; 4673,1 ? 389; 5943,6 ? 614 mg/100 g (p < 0,05). The average retinol organic chicken liver was 3401,33 ? 597,12 g / 100 g. The average retinol in hillbilly chicken liver was 30094.79 ? 4628,75 g/100 g. It was observed that the baking oven for 35 minutes at 200 ? C and thawing process in microwave for one minute caused a significant loss of 39,9 % (p < 0,05) and 26,2 % (p < 0,01), respectively, the retinol concentration in farm chicken liver. The method validation technique resulted in a rapid extraction and determination and quantification need retinol in chicken liver samples, with an average retention time of 5,2 minutes at 23 ? C, with excellent results linearity (R = 0,9999 ) standard stock stability and freeze-thaw process accurately coefficient of variation below 15% and recovery with values of 93 % to 101,2 %. Despite significant losses in thermal processes, consumption of an average serving of roasted liver (88 g) supplies the daily requirement of vitamin A for a man over 14 years up to 6 times and 20 times the daily needs of children 1 to 3 years. The study showed a significant difference between farm livers brands as well as free-range and organic chicken livers, and a significant loss in the retinol content in chicken livers when subjected to thermal processing. The validated method is suitable and safe for retinol analysis in this type of food.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-22T20:06:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / O consumo de frutas est? associado ao seu efeito ben?fico ? sa?de pela presen?a de fibras, vitaminas e compostos bioativos, sobretudo compostos fen?licos (CF) e vitaminas com atividade antioxidante. O Brasil possui produ??o diversificada de frutas tropicais, como a acerola, goiaba e caju, normalmente processadas formando grandes volumes de res?duos agroindustriais. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar res?duos liofilizados de acerola (RLA), goiaba (RLG) e caju (RLC) quanto aos aspectos nutricionais, tecnol?gicos e funcionais associados ao estudo do conte?do bioativo ap?s tratamento t?rmico. Os res?duos apresentaram elevado teor de fibras diet?ticas, com destaque para as insol?veis no RLG (40,6%) e sol?veis no RLA (14,2%). O RLG apresentou maior valor prot?ico (13,8%) e de lip?dios (9,2%), por?m de forma geral, todos os res?duos apresentaram valor cal?rico reduzido. Os minerais em destaque foram pot?ssio, c?lcio e magn?sio, especialmente no RLC (K: 83,5 mg/g) e o RLA (Ca:31,9 mg/g e Mg: 2,8 mg/g). Quanto aos aspectos tecnol?gicos, todos os res?duos apresentaram baixa higroscopicidade e valores promissores de reten??o de ?gua (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) e ?leo (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). O RLA foi o mais rico em CF totais (5331,7 mg eqAG/100g), flavonoides totais (760,9 mg eqC/100g) e atividade antioxidante (688,1 ?mol eqTrolox/g no ORAC) e o RLG apresentou mais proantocianidinas (217,8 mgEqPAC2/100g). O RLA obteve melhor perfil fen?lico com ?cido salic?lico (3503,4 mg/100g), miricetina (929,4 mg/100g) e catequina (498,2 mg/100g). Nenhum res?duo apresentou atividade antibacteriana frente aos micro-organismos Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes. O RLA apresentou-se mais sens?vel ao tratamento t?rmico, com baixa reten??o de CF totais atingindo 29% aos 150?C. Por?m a atividade antioxidante apresentou melhor reten??o em todos os res?duos e temperaturas (superiores a 70%). No caso do RLC, um aumento de at? 133% aos 150?C foi detectado, relacionando-se com a forma??o de melanoidinas em todos os res?duos (com varia??es de at? 582%). Com os dados obtidos, conclui-se que o RLA, RLG e RLC apresentam alto potencial nutricional, tecnol?gico e biotivo, inclusive para fortifica??o de outras matrizes alimentares. / The dietary consumption of fruit is linked to beneficial health effects due the presence of fiber, vitamins and bioactive compounds, especially antioxidant phenolic compounds (PC) and vitamins. Brazil has a diversified of tropical fruits production such as acerola, guava and cashew, which are usually processed and transformed into large amounts of agro-industrial pomaces. Thus, this study aimed to characterize freeze-dried acerola pomace (ACE), guava (GUA) and cashew (CAS) in regard to their nutritional, technological and functional aspects, in addition to evaluate the impact of the thermal-treatment. These residues are high in dietary fiber, especially insoluble for GUA (40.6%) and soluble for ACE (14.2%). The GUA residue has higher protein (13.8%) and lipids (9.2%), but overall, all pomaces have reduced caloric content. Minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium were found in CAS (K: 83.5 mg/g) and ACE (Ca: 31.9 mg/ g and Mg: 2.8 mg/g). Moreover, all dried residues had low hygroscopicity and satisfactory water (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) and oil holding capacity (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). ACE presented the highest phenolic content (5331.7 mg AGE/ 100g), total flavonoid (760.9 mg CE/ 100g) and antioxidant activity (688.1 ?mol TE/g in ORAC) and GUA presented higher proanthocyanidins (217.8 mg PA2/ 100g). ACE also presented outstanding phenolic profile, and salicylic acid (3503.4 mg/ 100g), myricetin (929.4mg / 100g) and catechin (498.2 mg/ 100g) were identified. No antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes was detected. Severe reduction of total phenolic content was observed for ACE sample, reaching 29% at 150 ?C. However, higher antioxidant activity retention (above 70 %) was observed to all pomaces and temperatures. Interestingly, an increased TPC of up to 133% at 150 ?C was detected, which may be related to the formation of melanoidins in all pomaces (with variations up to 582%). Based on these results, we conclude that freeze dried pomaces have high nutritional, technological and bioactive potential, and might be used as phytochemical-rich ingredients to different food matrices.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-22T20:36:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PenhaPatriciaCabralRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1578986 bytes, checksum: 51504d11d1a9fe396107352885277ec3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-08T23:09:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PenhaPatriciaCabralRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1578986 bytes, checksum: 51504d11d1a9fe396107352885277ec3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T23:09:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PenhaPatriciaCabralRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1578986 bytes, checksum: 51504d11d1a9fe396107352885277ec3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / A faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius) possui sementes oleaginosas que podem ser utilizadas para obten??o de ?leo vegetal. Uma das formas de obten??o do ?leo ? por meio da prensagem a frio, processo no qual, obt?m-se, tamb?m, um coproduto chamado de torta. A semente e seus derivados t?m potencial para ser utilizados na alimenta??o humana, e em virtude disso, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas do ?leo da semente de faveleira e investigar as propriedades bioativas da semente, da torta e do ?leo. Para tanto, as sementes foram prensadas e as seguintes an?lises foram realizadas: caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica (?cido graxo livre, ?ndice de per?xido, umidade e mat?ria vol?til, densidade e viscosidade) e perfil lip?dico do ?leo; conte?do fen?lico total e flavonoides totais na semente e na torta; atividade antibacteriana e atividade antioxidante (atividade de inibi??o do radical DPPH, teste do poder redutor, capacidade antioxidante total, sequestro do ?on super?xido e capacidade de sequestro dos radicais oxigenados) na semente, no ?leo e na torta. O ?leo da semente de faveleira tem baixa acidez (0,78 ? 0,03% ?cido ?leo), baixo ?ndice de per?xido (1,13 ? 0,12 mEq/1000g), baixa umidade (0,25 ? 0,03%) e valores de densidade (0,9136 ? 0,00 g/cm3) e viscosidade (0,0546 ? 0,00 Pa.s) compar?veis aos de outros ?leos comest?veis. Esse ?leo tem ainda, predomin?ncia de ?cidos graxos insaturados (72,42%), principalmente os ?cidos linoleico (53,56%) e oleico (17,78%). A semente de faveleira e a torta apresentaram quantidade consider?vel de conte?do fen?lico total (324,92 ? 6,69 mg EAG/100 g e 398,89 ? 6,34 mg EAG/100 g, respectivamente), incluindo os flavonoides totais (18,70 ? 1,23 mg RE/g e 29,81 ? 0,71 mg RE/g, respectivamente), sendo a torta aquela que apresentou maiores quantidades desses compostos bioativos. As amostras n?o apresentaram atividade antibacteriana, entretanto apresentaram atividade antioxidante, principalmente a torta, com capacidade de sequestro dos radicais oxigenados de 28,39 ? 4,36 ?M TE/g. Sendo assim, o ?leo da semente de faveleira obtido por prensagem a frio tem potencial para ser utilizado na alimenta??o humana e o coproduto da prensagem tamb?m deve ser aproveitado por conter a maioria dos compostos antioxidantes da semente. / The faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius) has oilseeds that can be used for obtaining vegetable oil. One way of obtaining oil is by cold pressing, in which to get the oil and the by-product, herein named press cake. The seed and its derivatives have potential for use in human food, therefore, this work focuses on the physicochemical evaluation of faveleira oil, as well as it investigates the bioactive properties of faveleira seeds, faveleira oil and the press cake obtained during the oilseed processing. The seeds were cold pressed and the following tests were performed: physicochemical characteristics (acidity, peroxide values, moisture, volatile matter, density and viscosity) and fatty acid profile of faveleira oil; total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of faveleira seed and press cake; antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide radical scavenging assay and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) of seed, oil and press cake. Acidity (0.78 ? 0.03% oleic acid), peroxide values (1.13 ? 0.12 mEq/1000g) and moisture (0.25 ? 0.03%) are low; and density (0.9136 ? 0.00 g/cm3) and viscosity (0.0546 ? 0.00 Pa.s) are close to what was observed for others edible oil. Unsaturated fatty acids are predominant in faveleira oil (72.42%). The most abundant fatty acid found was linoleic acid (53.56%), followed by oleic acid (17.78%). The seed and press cake has high amount of total phenolic content (324.92 ? 6.69 mg EAG/100 g and 398.89 ? 6.34 mg EAG/100 g, respectively), including flavonoid content (18.70 ? 1.23 mg RE/g and 29.81 ? 0.71 mg RE/g, respectively). The press cake has higher amounts of bioactive compounds than seed. No bacterial growth inhibition was detected, but all samples including faveleira seeds, press cake, oil and its fractions have potent antioxidant activities, mainly the press cake, with oxygen radical absorbance capacity of 28.39 ? 4.36 ?M TE/g. Our results also show that faveleira oil has potential to be used as edible oil and the press cake should be used to contain the most antioxidants from seed.