Le mariage, l’un des sacrements orthodoxes, préfigure l’Église qui accueille, nourrit et véhicule la communion de foi de ses fidèles. La foi est don de Dieu et réponse de celui qui la reçoit, trait d’union entre grâce divine et liberté humaine. Mais, l’unité de foi implique aussi l’unité sacramentelle, surtout dans le mariage. Dans ce sens, les mariages mixtes peuvent engendrer des problèmes conceptuels, juridiques et sociologiques. Pourtant, ils sont toujours célébrés. Cette thèse pose un certain nombre de questions. Faut-il mettre en garde les couples mixtes ? Sont-ils moins bien considérés que les « vrais » couples orthodoxes ? Les diverses positions orthodoxes liées aux mariages mixtes sont-elles vraiment conformes à l’esprit de l’Église universelle / Mysticum corpus Christi ? Pour l’Église orthodoxe, le mariage mixte est « incomplet » car il ne porte aucune unité de foi et n’est pas scellé par l’eucharistie, même s’il a les mêmes effets juridiques que le mariage ecclésial. Cette pratique ne risque-t-elle pas de porter atteinte à la liberté humaine ou de pousser certains fidèles à s’engager, malgré eux, dans une double appartenance confessionnelle ? C’est entre autres à ces questions que cette thèse tente de répondre. L’Église orthodoxe doit, à notre avis, s’interroger sur certains aspects pragmatiques des mariages mixtes. L’hétérogénéité du couple n’a au final pas grande importance par rapport à la miséricorde divine et l’amour des conjoints. Nous pensons que les couples mixtes sont parfois capables de réaliser leur unité dans le Christ, en instaurant un véritable dialogue œcuménique, basé sur l´expérience antiochienne de l’économie : oikonomia. / The marriage is one of the orthodox sacraments; being so, it prefigures the church that welcomes, nourishes and conveys the faith communion of its supporters. The faith is a grant from God and an answer to the one that receives it, and a link between divine grace and human liberty. But, the unity of faith also implies the sacramental unity, especially in the marriage. In this sense, the mixed marriages can generate conceptual, legal and sociological problems. Yet, they continue to be celebrated. This thesis asks some questions. Is it necessary to put in guard the mixed couples? Are they less well considered than the "true" orthodox couples? The distinct orthodox positions relative to the mixed marriages are really in conformity with the spirit of the universal church / Mysterious body of the Christ? The Orthodox Church considers the mixed marriage as "incomplete" because it doesn't concern a unity of faith and the Eucharist does not seal it. Yet, it carries the same legal effects that the ecclesiastic marriage. Doesn't this practice risk to undermine the human liberty or to push some supporters to enter, without wanting, into a double confessional adherence? This is one of those questions that this thesis tempts to answer. The Orthodox Church has, in our view, to reconsider some pragmatic aspects of mixed marriages.The heterogeneity of the couple doesn't have big importance compared to the God's mercy and love between spouses. Therefore, we think that the mixed couples are sometimes capable to achieve their unity in Christ, while instituting between them a real ecumenical dialogue, based on the Antiochian experience of economy: oikonomia

En partant de l’une des périodes les plus riches dans l’histoire de l’Islam en termes de créativité et de production poétiques, notre projet vise à mettre au jour les formes qu’a revêtues le rapport entre le poète et le Prince. Pour élucider ce rapport aussi complexe que protéiforme, nous ferons appel à un corpus riche et varié, et on tentera alors d’examiner la question de l’éloge et du blâme à travers trois prismes : la rhétorique, l’éthique et la politique. Le discours encomiastique mobilise la rhétorique afin d’emporter l’adhésion d’un auditoire sur une matière qui n’est pas encore établie. Mais l’effort déployé par l’orateur afin de convaincre l’auditoire ne peut se passer de la toile de fond éthique et du système commun de valeurs dont il procède pour arriver à la persuasion. Quant à la dimension politique, elle se reflète dans la fonction du poète comme « arme verbale » au service du Prince et instrument de légitimation de sa position politique contre ses adversaires réels ou potentiels. Par-delà la fonction de panégyriste officiel, la performativité du discours politique s’étend également à la parole, d’éducation, de réforme voire de critique ouverte qui pourrait évoquer la parrêsia antique. Grâce à un fonds sapiential, la poésie apporte sa contribution au processus de formation de l’homme politique et lui offre un excellent manuel de gouvernement. Quant à la veine contestataire, l’invective, la caricature et la mobilisation de la parole polémique constituent ses principaux ressorts. La veine contestataire traverse le regard que le poète jette sur l’univers de la cour, la politique du Prince ou le rapport entre gouvernants/gouvernés. Qu’il s’agisse de nominations, de projets politiques ou de l’ethos même de l’homme du pouvoir, le poète est toujours présent pour donner son avis. L’injustice d’une décision prise par un juge, le népotisme d’un gouverneur ou la dureté d’un général sont autant d’aspects qui témoignent de la vivacité de la critique du pouvoir par le poète, et du rôle que ce dernier endosse en tant que moralisateur de cette sphère. Le conseil se présente alors comme le moyen de rectifier les décisions ou les orientations générales du Prince et témoigne de l’existence d’une véritable rationalité poétique. Aussi, la rhétorique de l’éloge et du blâme témoigne-elle de l’existence d’une rationalité poétique qui arrive à maturité à l’époque abbasside et parvient à un degré d’efficience oratoire sans précédent en raison d’une conscience accrue du poète de la nécessité de s’impliquer dans la vie politique et de peser sur le cours de l’Histoire. / Based on one of the richest periods in the history of Islam in terms of poetic creativity and production, our project seeks to revise the forms that characterized the relationship between the poet and the prince. To elucidate this relationship as complex as it is protean, we will call on a rich and varied corpus, and then examine the question of praise and blame through three prisms: rhetoric, ethics and politics. The encomiastic discourse uses rhetoric to gain an audience’s support for a matter that is not yet established. But the effort required by the orator to convince the audience necessitates the ethical backdrop and common system of values, from which he proceeds to persuade. As for the political dimension, it is reflected in the poet’s function as the “verbal arm” serving the prince and as an instrument legitimizing his political position against real or potential opponents. Beyond the function of official panegyrist, the performativity of political discourse also extends to speech, education, reform, even open criticism that could evoke the antique parrêsia. By virtue of its sapiential substance, poetry contributes to the process forming the politician and offers him an excellent manual to government. As for the dissenting vein, invective, caricature and the mobilization of polemical speech constitute his main resources. The dissenting vein passes through the poet’s gaze on the universe of the court, the prince’s politics and the relationship between governor/governed. Whether it involves nominations, political projects or the very ethos of the man of power, the poet is always present to give his opinion. The injustice of a decision made by a judge, the nepotism of a governor or the harshness of a general are all aspects that demonstrate the poet’s vivacious criticism of power, and the role that the latter assumes as the moralizer of this sphere. The counsel is then presented as a means to rectify the prince’s general decisions or orientations and attests to the existence of a veritable poetic rationality. Furthermore, the rhetoric of praise and blame indicates the existence of a poetic rationality that reached maturity in the Abbasid period and attained an unprecedented degree of oratory efficiency, due to the poet’s growing consciousness of the necessity to be involved in political life and to influence the course of history.

« Narapoïa » : c’est le nom d’une maladie qui consisterait pour une personne à croire que tout le monde lui veut du bien. Ce « canular édifiant » élaboré par Boris Cyrulnik dans les années 70 pourrait servir à désigner la disposition d’esprit du fêtard. Par le climat de bienveillance qu’elle promet, la fête rend possible une mise à distance de la suspicion et de la réversibilité qui sous-tendraient toutes les relations entre individus, notamment dans les grandes agglomérations telles que Paris. La canicule de 2003 provoqua un grand nombre de décès,majoritairement des personnes âgées. Elle mit les autorités et la population française face au problème de l’isolement dans les grandes villes. L’individualisme qui avait été jusque-là perçu comme un « travers » du progrès et de la modernité apparut dès lors comme un mal à éradiquer. Née en 1999 sous l’impulsion d’ Atanase Périfan, jeune élu UMP d’origine macédonienne, La Fête des Voisins se propose de réunir les habitants d’un même immeuble et/ou d’un même quartier autour d’un « apéro ». Page d’accueil du site internet de l’association Immeubles en Fête, affiches annonçant la tenue de l’événement, livre-témoignage d’ Atanase Périfan, articles de presse et reportages télévisuels concourent tous à donner de la Fête des Voisins l’image d’une « opération » aussi enjouée et bon enfant qu’elle est déterminante. C’est donc davantage du côté de l’utile que de l’agréable que la Fête des Voisins situe sa proposition, voire sa promesse. L’image de la grande tablée telle qu’elle sera relayée par les médias viendra dire l’espace partagé qu’est la République ainsi que l’ensemble de valeurs et de codes qui la sous-tendent. Le ton volontiers léger et confiant des organisateurs sera une façon d’accéder à tous ceux qui se pensent comme étant à la marge de la société. « Sentiment d’appartenance », « sentiment d’exclusion » : autant de frontières intérieures, de constructions mentales que l’expérience dionysiaque de l’hospitalité et de la joie tendra à inquiéter. De la Fête des Voisins aux soirées plus subversives d’établissements de nuit parisiens tels que Le Point Ephémère ou Glazart, il s’agira toujours de replacer l’individu dans une forme de disponibilité, de vulnérabilité constructive rendant possible l’inscription dans un collectif, que ce soit par le mode raisonné et paisible de l’amitié et de la citoyenneté, ou celui plus brûlant et intense du transport amoureux. / « Narapoia » is the name of a condition in which a person thinks that everyone is conspiring to help and benefit her. This « constructive deception », formulated by Boris Cyrulnik in the seventies, could describe the merrymaker’s state of mind. By offering us the promise of a benevolent atmosphere, celebration allows us to move away from the suspicion and reversibility that supposedly underlie all relationships between individuals,especially in big cities such as Paris. The 2003 heatwave caused a great many deaths, primarily among theelderly. This tragedy confronted the French authorities and population with the problem of isolation in big cities.The individualism that had previously been seen as a « little quirk » of progress and modernity henceforthbecame a scourge to be eradicated. Created in 1999 on the initiative of Atanase Périfan – a young UMPcouncilor of Macedonian descent, the aim of the Fête des Voisins is to gather people from the same buildingand/or neighborhood together for drinks and a buffet meal. The Immeubles en Fêtes association’s homepage,posters announcing the event, Atanase Périfan’s book sharing his personal experience as the founder, pressarticles and televised reports all serve to reinforce the image of an initiative that is not only cheerful and friendly,but also equally decisive. The premise – or even the promise – of the Fête des Voisins therefore falls more within the realm of the useful than the pleasurable. The image of the large table as broadcast by the media will become the metaphor for the shared space of the Republic, along with the values and codes that underpin it. The deliberately light-hearted and confident tone of the event will be a way to reach out to those who think of themselves as being on the margins of society. « Sense of belonging » and « feeling of exclusion » could be considered as inner geographies, psychological constructs that the Dionysiac experience of hospitality and joy will temporarily suspend. From the Fête des Voisins to the more subversive parties organized by Parisian clubs such as Le Point Ephémère or Glazart, it is always a matter of restoring the individual to a place of beneficial availability and vulnerability through which integration into a group becomes possible. This may take the calmand sensible form of friendship and citizenship (Fête des Voisins) or find a more intense and burning expression in the raptures of love (Le Point Ephémère, Glazart).

In our work, we have tried to study the Feast of the Feast in the Orthodox Church, from a historical, dogmatic and liturgical point of view. We sought a descriptive and comparative approach that would have elements of a case study. We looked mainly at the feast of the Church of the Blessed Virgin, which is basically part of the feast of the Nativity. We looked at the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, then at the feast of the Annunciation, Introduction to the Church and, of course, the feast of the Assumption, which enjoys great respect in Orthodoxy and is nicknamed the Mother of God Passover. The main purpose was to delve deeper into the meaning of the Mother of God in human life, so that the Mother of God could teach each of us to live in the Truth, that is, to live in Christ.

The thesis discusses the changes of the sociocultural role of Carnival and Charivari in the Western culture from the Late Middle Agges to the end of the early modern period. The thesis is graunded in the analysis of secondary literature about the carnival and charivari , which is considered to be paradigmatic in history. The analysis follows the thesis of theoretical concepts of N. Elias and M. Foucault. Both of these authors deal with establishing specific individuality of modern man based on the necessary self-control a courtesy codified by social consensus. Carnival and charivari are examples of ritualized collective transgression, which helps create the values and norms of society. Carnival is primarily an expression of popular culture, which includes ritual, play and festivities. It celebrates human nature; the bodily pleasure food, drink, sex and violence, everything that should be civilized by culture. The goal of the thesis is to examine the process of civilizing or disciplining carnival , to determine the initiators and agents of this change. Following the previous then to check whether originally spontaneous carnival festivities, games and rituals in the historical development, which is characterized by a loss of spontaneity, commercialization and professionalization, completely lost their...

Cette thèse étudie les enjeux et processus de création de lieux intermédiaires (friches culturelles, tiers-lieux) dans le contexte spécifique de la Belgique des années 1970. Dans une situation de revendications sociales, culturelles et artistiques et de luttes urbaines, alors que le pays est en plein chantier institutionnel conséquemment à la première révision de la Constitution, de nouveaux acteurs réclament leur place dans la cité et leur droit à la ville. Les études sur les lieux intermédiaires se multiplient depuis vingt ans en lien avec les enjeux d’aménagement du territoire. L’état de l’art révèle que tandis que les géographes, urbanistes et sociologues investissent des lieux contemporains pour analyser à quelles dynamiques territoriales – et plus spécifiquement urbaines – ils participent, les historiens de l’art et du théâtre rédigent des monographies sur l’invention de ces nouveaux espaces et sur leurs enjeux et effets dans le monde de l’art.En étudiant, à l’aide de fonds d’archives actuellement non traités et de l’histoire orale, trois lieux intermédiaires fondés en Belgique durant les années 1970 – les Halles de Schaerbeek, le Cirque Divers et la Raffinerie du Plan K – cette thèse propose d’articuler ces deux démarches en montrant comment, par l’esthétique, les choix d’aménagement et les modes de sociabilité développés dans ces lieux, ces derniers élaboraient un imaginaire urbain spécifique, participaient à l’expérience de la cité et s’inscrivaient dans le monde de l’art.La mise en place de ces infrastructures constituait une solution spatiale qui devait permettre de développer de nouvelles pratiques artistiques, susciter d’autres rapports à la culture et privilégier des modes festifs de sociabilité dans un contexte culturel peu dynamique. La thèse montre comment la logique Do It Yourself qui animait la création des lieux intermédiaires ainsi que leur manque de moyens structurels rendaient ces derniers particulièrement sensibles à leur environnement (institutionnel, urbain, socio-culturel, artistique) et les ouvraient sur la vie et les besoins de la cité. On observe que les trois lieux résultaient d’une dynamique de coopération et des appropriations des usagers, davantage que d’une logique oppositionnelle. Face au contexte actuel du city marketing et des ambitions de la ville créative qui mobilise les infrastructures et événements culturels à des fins économiques et promotionnelles, la perspective historique de cette thèse vise à réinterroger le statut de ressource que représente le lieu de culture. À partir de l’histoire de ces trois lieux, elle invite à penser les conditions de possibilité de l’infrastructure culturelle comme commun. / This dissertation examines the challenges and creative processes of intermediate places (cultural sites, third-places) in the specific situation of Belgium during the 1970s. In a context of social, cultural and artistic demands and urban conflicts, as the country was undergoing institutional reforms following the first revision of the Constitution, new actors claimed their place in the city and their right to the city.Studies on intermediate places have proliferated over the past twenty years with regard to land use planning issues. A review of the state of the art reveals that while geographers, urban planners and sociologists invested contemporary spaces to analyze the territorial - and more specifically urban - dynamics to which they contribute, art and theater historians produced monographs on the invention of such new spaces and about their significance and effects in the art world.Using unedited archive collections and oral history to study three intermediate places founded in Belgium in the 1970s - the Halles de Schaerbeek, the Cirque Divers and the Raffinerie du Plan K - this research suggests to combine these two approaches by showing how, through aesthetics, design choices and the modes of sociability implemented in these places, they developed a specific urban imaginary, contributed to the experience of the city and entered the art world.The implementation of such infrastructures provided a spatial solution that would enable the development of new artistic practices, encourage other attitudes towards culture and favor celebratory modes of sociability, in a poorly dynamic cultural context. The dissertation shows how the "Do It Yourself" movement that promoted the development of intermediate places as well as their lack of organizational means made them particularly sensitive to their - institutional, urban, socio-cultural, artistic - environment and exposed them to the life and needs of the city. Consequently, it can be stated that the three cultural sites arose from a dynamic of cooperation and appropriation by the users, rather than from an oppositional logic. In light of the current model of city marketing and the aspirations of the creative city, which relies on the use of public infrastructures and cultural events for economic and marketing purposes, the historical approach of this work aims at reexamining the value of cultural places as a resource. Drawing on the history of these three sites, it calls for a reflection on the conditions of possibility of cultural infrastructure as a common.Keywords: intermediate places, requalification, common, development, appropriation, 1970, creative city, celebration, spectacle, urban imaginary, Brussels, Liege, Belgium / Doctorat en Arts du spectacle et technique de diffusion et de communication / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Previous research has demonstrated a relationship between the built environment and social and transportation outcomes when comparing traditional and conventional suburban neighborhoods, but much remains to be learned about whether New Urbanism can produce similar results. Among studies where new urban neighborhoods have been assessed, most have centered on regions with highly-utilized public transit systems and with climates that are amenable to utilitarian physical activity. This research sought to build on the existing research base through direct comparison of new urban and conventional suburban neighborhoods in central Florida, a region with an under-developed transit system and a climate that renders utilitarian physical activity impractical. Further, this research sought to lend greater insights into neighborhood selection factors across neighborhood types. A mixed-methods, single-case design was utilized to evaluate one new urban and one conventional suburban neighborhood in the central Florida region. Regional new urban neighborhoods were subjectively rated for adherence to tenets of the Charter of the New Urbanism, with the neighborhood (Celebration, in Osceola County, FL) found to most closely adhere to these tenets selected as the experimental group for the study. A socio-demographically comparable conventional suburban neighborhood (Sweetwater, in Seminole County, FL) was selected as the control group. Quantitative methods consisted of a household survey issued to 250 randomly- and convenience-sampled addresses in each neighborhood, followed by regression analysis to evaluate study hypotheses. Qualitative methods employed analysis of open-ended survey responses, detailed case studies of selected neighborhoods, and resident interviews. The household survey yielded net response rates of 15.79 percent and 25.50 percent iv for experimental and control neighborhoods, respectively, and a mean cross-neighborhood response rate of 20.64 percent. Twenty resident interviews (10 per neighborhood) were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative findings were compared to collectively address research questions. Regression results indicated no statistically significant difference between neighborhoods in attitudinal and behavioral components of community participation, in vehicle miles driven per week, or utilitarian physical activity frequency. However, results indicated that new urban residents had more positive attitudes toward utilitarian physical activity than conventional suburban residents and that attitudes toward community participation and utilitarian physical activity were positively correlated with associated behaviors. Qualitative findings provided substantial individual- and environmental-level insights to factors impacting evaluated attitudes and behaviors, and supported some quantitative findings while not aligning with others. Neighborhood selection factors were found to be quite different across neighborhoods: Celebration residents identified neighborhood social atmosphere and connection to the Walt Disney Company brand as top contributors to their selection decision, while Sweetwater residents expressed that access to quality schools was the most important factor in their selection decision. Qualitative findings indicated that car culture and climate within the central Florida region diminished both attitudinal and behavioral components of utilitarian physical activity across neighborhood types. This research expanded the understanding of the social and transportation outcomes of New Urbanism, particularly with respect to the central Florida region. While case and quantitative limitations may have impeded the ability of this study to draw decisive conclusions v about research questions, distinctive themes regarding social and transportation outcomes were identified. Findings of this research supported those of some prior studies while contradicting others, indicating that further exploration is needed to establish a firm understanding of the capabilities of new urban development to achieve desired outcomes, and of regional characteristics that may influence these outcomes.

No description available.

This thesis presents a 31-day case study carried out with a 15 year old young man who has classical autism. The study involved introducing him to a number of new and challenging activities, in a variety of contexts, over 31 days, that were previously assumed to be outside of his range of capability. The case study found that the application of the concepts of choice, control, challenge and risk had an unexpectedly positive impact upon the young man’s performance. This study further attempts to explore the concept of narrative as a ‘pedagogical bridge’ between the ‘worlds’ of autism and neurotypicality, arguing that narrative may provide a ‘way in’ to the world of autism. ‘Narrative’, this study contends, may provide a tapestry across which the world of autism may be connected with the world that surrounds it; by revealing a multiplicity of selves in a multiplicity of contexts. Methods of data collection included field notes, interviews, photographs and film footage. Ultimately, the study found that the use of ‘performance texts’ (DVDs featuring the young man’s achievements) constituted a powerful means of celebrating his accomplishments within the school and its wider community. Research approaches were participatory and ethnographic in the data collection phases, while a more phenomenological approach was adopted in the data analysis phase. The overarching analytical framework was that of ‘narrative analysis’ in telling a story of bravery, courage, hope and optimism.

Sonderausgabe des "Dresdner Universitätsjournal" von 2003