Esta tesis estudia cómo la afinidad de producto y la afinidad de marca, en una estrategia de co-branding, afectan la preferencia del consumidor. Mediante un análisis de regresión se comprueba que ambas influyen de manera estadísticamente significativa sobre la preferencia del consumidor. Se investiga, también, la interacción entre la afinidad de producto y la afinidad de marca y se comprueba que no existe evidencia estadística que lo confirme. Si bien la afinidad de producto y la afinidad de marca afectan de forma significativa a la preferencia por separado, no existe interacción manifiesta entre ellas. Finalmente, se comprueba qué afecta más a la preferencia, la afinidad de producto o la afinidad de marca. Se mide su importancia relativa y se concluye que la afinidad de producto tiene un peso relativo mayor en la preferencia que la afinidad de marca / The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship that product fit and brand fit have with consumer preference in co-branding. Product combinations were determined by whether they fit or not using the input from 60 subjects, through surveys. Then, brand combinations were designed based on the input from another set of 60 subjects who decided which brands from those product combinations fit and which did not fit. Four final combinations were formed. The combinations included products and brands that fit, products that fit with brands that did not fit, products that did not fit with brands that fit and products with brands that did not fit. A final questionnaire was distributed to 178 university students to find the preferences on the four combinations. Then, through a conjoint analysis it was possible to find the relationship between product and brand fit and consumer preference. The results revealed that both, product and brand fit, significantly influence consumer preference. It also indicates that the effect of product fit on preference is greater than the effect of brand fit. Finally, the results did not support the expectation that there would be an interaction effect between product and brand fit.

Background: Partnerships between brands and social media influencers are becoming more and more common. This co-branding effort presents many benefits for both parties, thus making it a win-win situation. Understanding the motivations behind co-branded product launches, the nature of the partnership, as well as the risks and involved is important to achieve a successful outcome.   Research questions   RQ1: What is the managerial motivation behind a co-branding partnership?  RQ2: What does the level of integration into the co-branded partnership look like?  RQ3: What risks need to be considered when collaborating with influencers?   Purpose: The overall purpose of this study is to understand from a managerial point of view the overall effort put in co-branded product launches between human brands and companies. Three concepts will be considered: the motivations, the forms of partnership integration, and finally potential risks that may arise. Methodology: To fulfill the study’s research purpose, a qualitative study has been carried out. Prior studies have been reviewed, and semi-structured interviews have been conducted to generate primary data. This study consequently adopts an interpretative approach that embraces an inductive reasoning, while it at the same time combines some elements from the deductive approach in order to investigate the phenomenon of co-branding that is at the center of this research. Conclusion: The study interprets from a managerial point of view the various aspects of co-branded partnerships with human brands. The collected data imply three forms of integration in co-branded partnerships. These are namely influenced by factors such as the resources of the brands, their motives, and the duration of the partnership. In addition, the degree of compatibility in terms of brand values seems to affect the success of this partnership, in the same way as fundamental differences also create risks internally and externally.

La marque n’est plus seulement un signe distinctif, elle est devenue un actif incorporel dont la valeur peut dépasser largement celle de tous les autres actifs réunis d’une entreprise. Le secteur des services financiers tunisien a connu plusieurs opérations de fusions-acquisitions. Ces opérations ont donné l’occasion aux entreprises du secteur de changer de noms et de choisir entre un nouveau nom ou maintenir l’ancien ou préserver les noms des entreprises alliées (co-branding). Le but de ce travail est d’étudier l’impact de cette stratégie de co-branding sur l’attitude des consommateurs (aspect affectif, conatif mais surtout cognitif). La marque-entreprise a été considérée dans cette recherche comme étant une représentation sociale. Afin de comprendre l’effet de la stratégie de co-branding sur l’image de marque il s’agit dès lors d’évaluer l’évolution du noyau central et du système périphérique de cette représentation. / The trademark is no longer considered as a distinctive sign, rather; it has become an intangible asset whose value can far exceed that of all other combined assets of a company. The Tunisian financial services sector has experienced several processes of mergers and acquisitions. These operations have provided an opportunity for companies in the sector to change names and to choose a new name, to maintain the old one or to keep the names of the allied companies (co-branding). The aim of this work is to study the impact of this strategy of co-branding on consumer attitudes (affective, conative and especially cognitive). The brand company in this research was considered as a social representation. In order to understand the impact of the strategy of co-branding on the brand image, it comes to assess the evolution of the central core and the peripheral system of this representation.

<p>Hur resonerar potentiella kunder kring inköp av produkten som ens företag tillhandahåller? En av de främsta frågorna hos en marknadsförare, men också en fråga som är aktuell i vår marknadsekonomi i stort. Konsumentbeteende är därför ett givet fält inom företagsekonomin. Men hur går det till när konsumenten är ett företag? Vilka aspekter är viktiga och varför? Vilka marknadsföringsinsatser bör genomföras utifrån denna adderade förståelse? Det är utgångspunkten för denna uppsats. För att kunna svara på dessa frågor har en ny konsumentbeteendemodell utarbetats, vilket skett utifrån befintliga teorier inom konsumentbeteende och då särskilt den så kallade svarta lådan-modellen. Målet med modellen är att kasta ljus över relevanta aspekter och processer som beaktas och gås igenom i samband med inköp inom ett företag.</p><p>Studien avser inköp av kaffemaskiner avgränsat till potentiella kunder för kaffe- och kaffemaskinleverantören Premium Coffee och dess produkt Nespresso, med betoning på större företag i Stockholmsområdet. Informationsinsamlingen har skett med hjälp av enkäter per mail.</p><p>Utifrån vår empiri och analys av denna har vi gjort antagandet att priset är den absolut mest styrande faktorn för gruppen. Det verkar dock som om man kan tänka sig att betala mer om detta ”mer” är konkret och efterfrågat. Hit verkar inte en godare smak och möjligheter till varumärkesbyggande finnas utan snarare värden som miljövänlighet, kvalité och hållbarhet. Vidare kan vi också anta att inköp nästan alltid sker via anbud.</p><p>Utifrån detta kan man dra slutsatser kring vilka insatser som skulle kunna genomföras. Hit hör att berättiga sitt ändå högre pris, men också utforma ett bättre svar på miljöfrågorna och en uppväxling av positioneringsaktiviteterna.</p> / <p>How do potential customers reason concerning the purchase of a product supplied? This is one of the main issues for a marketer, but also an issue that is current in our market economy at large. Consumer behaviour is a given field of business economy. But how does this work when the consumer is a company? What marketing efforts should be implemented based on these new findings? This is the starting point of this essay. To answer these questions, a new consumer model, has therefore, been developed, which is based on existing theories of consumer behaviour and in particular the so-called black box model. The goal of the model is to shed light on the relevant aspects and processes that are reviewed and considered in connection to the purchase of an enterprise.</p><p>The study relates to the purchase of coffee machines to the limited prospects for the coffee and coffee machine supplier Coffee Premium, with an emphasis on large companies in the Stockholm region. Information has been collected using questionnaires by mail.</p><p>Based on our empirical data, we can assume that price is the absolutely most governing factor for the group. They are however willing to pay for more if this "more" is defined and demanded. It does not seem as a better taste and the ability to strengthen the brand are aspects considered as such but rather aspects as quality and durability. Furthermore, we can also assume that the purchase is almost always done through tenders.</p><p>Based on this we are able to draw a number of conclusions about what actions that could be implemented. These include, for example, to review the pricing, combined with the aim to justify the higher prices, but also design a better response to environmental issues and an up shift of positioning activities.</p>

Hur resonerar potentiella kunder kring inköp av produkten som ens företag tillhandahåller? En av de främsta frågorna hos en marknadsförare, men också en fråga som är aktuell i vår marknadsekonomi i stort. Konsumentbeteende är därför ett givet fält inom företagsekonomin. Men hur går det till när konsumenten är ett företag? Vilka aspekter är viktiga och varför? Vilka marknadsföringsinsatser bör genomföras utifrån denna adderade förståelse? Det är utgångspunkten för denna uppsats. För att kunna svara på dessa frågor har en ny konsumentbeteendemodell utarbetats, vilket skett utifrån befintliga teorier inom konsumentbeteende och då särskilt den så kallade svarta lådan-modellen. Målet med modellen är att kasta ljus över relevanta aspekter och processer som beaktas och gås igenom i samband med inköp inom ett företag. Studien avser inköp av kaffemaskiner avgränsat till potentiella kunder för kaffe- och kaffemaskinleverantören Premium Coffee och dess produkt Nespresso, med betoning på större företag i Stockholmsområdet. Informationsinsamlingen har skett med hjälp av enkäter per mail. Utifrån vår empiri och analys av denna har vi gjort antagandet att priset är den absolut mest styrande faktorn för gruppen. Det verkar dock som om man kan tänka sig att betala mer om detta ”mer” är konkret och efterfrågat. Hit verkar inte en godare smak och möjligheter till varumärkesbyggande finnas utan snarare värden som miljövänlighet, kvalité och hållbarhet. Vidare kan vi också anta att inköp nästan alltid sker via anbud. Utifrån detta kan man dra slutsatser kring vilka insatser som skulle kunna genomföras. Hit hör att berättiga sitt ändå högre pris, men också utforma ett bättre svar på miljöfrågorna och en uppväxling av positioneringsaktiviteterna. / How do potential customers reason concerning the purchase of a product supplied? This is one of the main issues for a marketer, but also an issue that is current in our market economy at large. Consumer behaviour is a given field of business economy. But how does this work when the consumer is a company? What marketing efforts should be implemented based on these new findings? This is the starting point of this essay. To answer these questions, a new consumer model, has therefore, been developed, which is based on existing theories of consumer behaviour and in particular the so-called black box model. The goal of the model is to shed light on the relevant aspects and processes that are reviewed and considered in connection to the purchase of an enterprise. The study relates to the purchase of coffee machines to the limited prospects for the coffee and coffee machine supplier Coffee Premium, with an emphasis on large companies in the Stockholm region. Information has been collected using questionnaires by mail. Based on our empirical data, we can assume that price is the absolutely most governing factor for the group. They are however willing to pay for more if this "more" is defined and demanded. It does not seem as a better taste and the ability to strengthen the brand are aspects considered as such but rather aspects as quality and durability. Furthermore, we can also assume that the purchase is almost always done through tenders. Based on this we are able to draw a number of conclusions about what actions that could be implemented. These include, for example, to review the pricing, combined with the aim to justify the higher prices, but also design a better response to environmental issues and an up shift of positioning activities.

Varumärket, som fenomen, har utvecklats över tid och tagit olika former. Tidigare har varumärken främst varit förknippade med företag men det har nu förändrats. Utvecklingen av kommunikationskanaler, främst sociala medier, har medfört att varje individ och varje företag har en möjlighet att ständigt hålla sig synliga. Utvecklingen har bidragit till att varumärket tagit en ny form: det personliga varumärket. Många individer arbetar på ett företag med ett redan etablerat varumärke men likt en egenföretagare behöver individerna själva differentiera sig från både extern och intern konkurrens för att få kunder att komma till just dem personligen. Den här kategorin hittar vi främst inom tjänstesektorn där bland annat frisörer, personliga tränare, massörer och fastighetsmäklare är inräknade. Individerna måste utveckla ett starkt personligt varumärke för att attrahera kunder annars riskerar de att kunderna väljer kollegan eller en extern konkurrent, och individen står då utan kunder och kanske till och med helt utan inkomst. Den här studien avser därför att skapa förståelse för hur individer i företag med etablerade varumärken utvecklar sin professionella yrkesidentitet genom varumärkesbyggande samt genom val av kommunikationskanaler. För att undersöka just individer inom kategorin som beskrivs ovan används fastighetsmäklare som ett exempel på fenomenet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsansats med ett urval från sex olika fastighetsmäklare i Stockholm vilka arbetar under tre större varumärken. Metoden som används i den här studien är semistrukturerade intervjuer som består av fyra huvudfrågor med fler underfrågor som är baserade på teorikapitlet. Studiens slutsats visar att fastighetsmäklare skapar sin professionella yrkesidentitet genom att arbeta med sitt personliga varumärke och kommunicera det genom rätt kanaler. Studien visar även att de bäst lämpade kanalerna för att kommunicera det personliga varumärket är sociala medier samt utskick genom direktreklam. Det är även viktigt att göra sig igenkänd och skapa en relation till kunderna i det område som fastighetsmäklaren är verksam i. Det personliga varumärkesbyggandet för fastighetsmäklaren behöver dock ske i enlighet med företagets varumärke för att inte skapa förvirring för kunderna. / The brand, as a phenomenon, has developed over time and has taken different forms. Previously, brands have mainly been associated with companies, but that has now changed. The development of the communications channels, mainly social media, has resulted in that every individual and every company have the opportunity to constantly stay visible. The development has contributed to the brand taking a new form: the personal brand. Many individuals are working in a company with an already established brand, but similar to a self-employed person the individuals need to differentiate themselves from both external and internal competition to get the customers to come to them personally. We mainly find this category in the service sector where hairdressers, personal trainers, masseuses and real estate brokers are included. Individuals need to develop a strong personal brand to attract customers, or it might be a risk that the customers choose the co-workers or an external competitor, and the individual will be left without customers and might even completely be without emolument. This study therefore seeks to examine how individuals in companies, with already established brands, develop their professional identity through branding and through a selection of communications channels. In order to examine the category of individuals described above, we use real estate brokers as an example of this phenomenon. This study is based on a qualitative research approach with a selection from six different real estate brokers in Stockholm who work in three bigger companies with well-known brands. The method used in this study is semi-structured interviews consisting of five main questions with additional sub questions based on the theory chapter. The conclusion shows that real estate brokers develop their professional identity by working with their personal brand and communicate the brand through the right channels. This study also shows that the best suited channels to communicate the personal brand is social media and direct advertising. It is also important to make yourself recognized and create relationships to the customers in the neighborhood where the real estate brokers are working. However, the personal branding for the individual real estate broker need to align with the corporate brand in order not to confuse the customers.

The lack of synergy between design and marketing departments can result in less innovative products which can lead to less customer satisfaction. This problem has affected the perfume and cosmetic industry as well, which is considered to be an industry with high competitiveness but also a high innovation rate. The purpose with this study is to understand how consumers' purchase intention can be affected by the characteristics that appear in each collaboration pattern, marketing lead, design lead and co-branding, in order to contribute to a more effective cooperation between external design and marketing in the perfume and cosmetic industry. The study has been based on two theories and one previous research. The theories are Kellers (1993) Consumer Based Brand Equity and Arnoulds and Thompsons (2005) Consumer Identity Project based on the Consumer Culture Theory. The previous research on which this study is based is Hemonnet-Goujots Abecassis-Moedas' &amp; Manceaus (2020) “When external design and marketing collaborate to develop new products: A typology of patterns”. The study has been based on a qualitative research method with a deductive and a hermeneutic approach. The results showed that consumers' purchase intention is affected by brand recognition in products with a high brand consistency. In addition, consumers can be affected by the brand image and the non-product-related attributes together with the symbolic benefits of products with a high rate of innovation and thus of products where a star-based designer is involved. The Consumer's Identity Project is something that always affects the purchase intention, regardless of the characteristics of the product. The information that the study contributes with can be used by companies with external design and marketing in a strategic way to choose which collaboration pattern they want to work with. / Bristen på synergi mellan design och marknadsföring kan resultera i mindre innovativa produkter, som i sin tur leder till mindre kundnöjdhet. Denna problematik har inte minst påverkat parfym- och kosmetikabranschen som anses vara en bransch med hög konkurrenskraft och med hög innovationstakt. Syftet med studien är att förstå hur konsumenternas köpintention kan påverkas av kännetecken som förekommer i respektive samarbetsmönster, marketing lead, design lead och co-branding. Detta för att bidra till ett mer effektivt samarbete mellan extern design och marknadsföring. Studien har utgått från två teorier och en tidigare forskning. Teorierna är Kellers (1993) kundbaserat varumärkeskapital (Costumer Based Brand Equity) och Arnould &amp; Thompsons (2005) konsuments identitetsprojekt (Consumer Identity Project) utifrån konsumentkulturteorin (Consumer Culture Theory). Den tidigare forskningen som denna studie har grundat sig på är Hemonnet-Goujots, Abecassis-Moedas &amp; Manceaus (2020) “When external design and marketing collaborate to develop new products: A typology of patterns”. Studien har utgått från en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med en deduktiv ansats samt ett hermeneutiskt synsätt. Resultatet visade att konsumenternas köpintention påverkas av varumärkesigenkänning vid produkter med en hög varumärkeskonsistens. Därtill kan konsumenter påverkas av varumärkesbild och de icke-produktrelaterade attributen i samband med de symboliska fördelarna vid produkter med en hög innovationstakt och därmed vid produkter där en stjärndesigner är inblandad. Konsumentens identitetsprojekt är något som alltid påverkar köpintentionen oberoende på vilka kännetecken produkten förekommer med. Informationen som studien bidrar med kan utnyttjas av företag med extern design och marknadsföring för att på ett strategiskt sätt välja vilket samarbetsmönster de vill arbeta med.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate and reflect about the different sponsorship relations between a Swedish sports retailer and their sponsored events. My case for this thesis is the brand Intersport and I am investigating the phenomena sponsorship and their different sponsorship relations and in this case in relation to sport events. A qualitative study has been conducted by doing interviews with representatives from three different events that Intersport are sponsoring, two interviews with Intersport and also observations during two of the events. Furthermore, a theoretical framework within sponsorship has developed through this process. The result of this study showed that there are different kinds of sponsorship relations between Intersport and their sponsored events. Moreover, there are differences in terms of how they are ranking sports and how much money and time they are investing in the specific events. This study showed that Intersport has different levels of professionalism and business relationships. Partille Cup has the highest position on that scale, Stockholm Marathon Group has the second place and Gothenburg Youth Games is in the bottom. The interviews resulted in a clear picture of how these sponsorship relations look like, the underlying reasons for cooperating with Intersport and this means that they are seeing the sports retailer as a large player, a good channel in terms of being connected to them and increase their awareness but also as a partner who can offer relevant products for their events. Lastly, meaningful relations is a key factor here and my result showed that it goes both ways.

Syfte Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom en kvalitativ studie förstå hur artister och dess representanter inom den svenska musikbranschen kan stärka en artist varumärke genom synkronisering av musik, samt vilka aspekter som borde beaktas vid synkroniseringen. Metod Denna uppsats är genomförd med en kvalitativ metod med deduktiv ansats, med vissa inslag av induktiv ansats. Detta metodval blev en självklarthet då samtliga hade ett intresse och ambition att titta närmare på ämnet och gå in på djupet. Genom teorin och litteraturen har vi skapat oss en stabil grund med hjälp av marknadsföringsmässiga begrepp såsom varumärke och samarbeten. Vi har även använt oss av teorier som är hämtade direkt från musikbranschen gällande synkronisering.Uppsatsens empiri utgjordes utav åtta personer med inblick och stor erfarenhet i musikbranschen. Samtliga intervjuades genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsatser Genom vår analys och slutsats har vi kommit fram till att artister måste förhålla sig till många aspekter vid placering av deras musik i rörlig bild. Det vi kommit fram till och det vi kommer att beröra i slutsatsen är image, kongruens, estetik och att kapitalisera möjligheten. Om dessa aspekter genomförs på rätt sätt, så kan artistens varumärke bli starkare tack vare synkronisering. / The purpose of this study is through a qualitative study understand how artists and their representatives in the Swedish music industry can strengthen an artist brand by synchronizing music, and what aspects should be taken into account in the synchronization.This study is based on a qualitative research approach with a primary deductive approach, with some elements of inductive approach. These approaches of methods became obvious for us because we had an interest and desire to look more closely at the subject and going into depth. The empirical data consisted of eight people with insight and extensive experience of the swedish music industry. All the interviews were semi-structured interviews.Through our theory and literature, we have created a stability based on marketing theories, such as branding and relations. We have even used theories, which are directly collected from the music business about synchronization.Throughout our analysis and final discussion we concluded that artist must take into account many aspects of the placement of their music when synchronizing. We have referred to and discussed these aspects in the conclusions wich are; Image, congruence aesthetics and capitalize the possibility. The artists brand can become stronger, if these aspects are done right.

The co-branding strategies are gaining attention from research due to the special difficulties of implementing a collaborative strategy. Hence, this paper evaluates the effect of the co-branding strategy between a luxury brand and a high-street retailer on the luxury consumers’ brand equity of the luxury brand post-co-branding. Additionally, this study aims to find differences between the generation Y and X cohorts in terms of brand equity impact from co-branding. This effect was evaluated from three brand equity dimensions: perceived quality, brand image and brand loyalty. To conduct this research the data was collected at the department store Harvey Nichols in London where luxury fashion brands are sold. Later the data was analyzed with a regression, analysis and t-test. The consumers showed differences in terms of their attitude towards the co-branding strategies between a luxury fashion brand and a high-street retailer. In addition, this research found that all the brand equity dimensions suffer a direct influence from the attitude towards co-branding for all the consumers in the study. Direct influence means that the co-branding strategies may cause positive or negative spillover effects. Moreover, the results conclude that there is only a difference in the brand equity dimension of brand loyalty between the generation cohorts Y and X.