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KBT under den globala pandemin Covid-19 : Psykoterapeuters föreställningar om, och upplevelser av, terapeutisk allians vid övergången till psykoterapi via videolänk / CBT during the global pandemic Covid-19 : Psychotherapists conceptions and experiences of therapeutic alliance at transition to psychotherapy via video conferenceHolmgren Brännström, Ulrika, Malmlöf, Ulrika January 2021 (has links)
Under pandemin COVID-19 har hälsovården tvingats till hastiga anpassningar i form av användning av vård via videolänk för kontinuitet, vilket berör även psykoterapi. Trots omfattande evidens för effektiviteten av terapi via videolänk finns fortfarande myter hos kliniker att den terapeutiska alliansen äventyras i det digitala forumet, vilket kan försvåra implementeringen. Studiens syfte var att utforska psykoterapeuters upplevelser av psykoterapi via videolänk, med särskilt fokus på den terapeutiska alliansen (TA). Genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer undersöktes psykoterapeuters föreställningar, anpassningar samt erfarenheter av denna omställning. Data analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resulterade i tre kategorier; Kommunikation, Den bärande relationen samt KBT-interventionerna. Huvudresultatet indikerar att klinikerna har behövt anpassa behandlingen kontextuellt, kommunikativt samt innehållsmässigt för att främja alliansen, och att TA går att utveckla över videolänk. Detta sammanfaller med tidigare internationella studiers resultat. Utvecklingsområden som framkommit är aspekter självexponering som nytt fenomen och förändringar i maktstrukturen inom terapin. Omställningen har gått över förväntan positivt och delvis förändrat respondenternas inställning till videolänkterapi. Inom begränsningarna för denna studie beskrivs konsekvenserna och framtida forskningsriktningar. / During the pandemic COVID-19 the health care has suddenly been forced to adjust their work and start using video conference to keep the continuity, which also impacts psychotherapy. Despite extensive evidence of the efficiency of video conference psychotherapy there are still myths among clinicians that the therapeutic alliance can be endangered by the digital format, which can complicate the implementations. The aim of this study is to examine the psychotherapists' experiences of psychotherapy via video conference, with particular focus on the therapeutic alliance (TA). Through semi-structured interviews we examined the psychotherapists conceptions, adaptations and the experiences of this readjustment. Data were analyzed based on qualitative content analysis; Communication, The solid relation and the CBT-interventions. The main results indicated that the clinicians needed to adapt the treatment contextually, communicatively and in terms of content to frame TA, and that TA can be developed via video conference. This coincides with previous international research. Areas of development is the new phenomenon self-exposure and transformation/change of equalization of power. The conversion has positively exceeded the expectations and has partly changed the respondents attitudes to therapy via video conference. Within the limitations of this study, implications and further directions for research are described.
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Self-esteem consistency predicts the course of therapy in depressed patientsEberl, Carolin, Winkler, Isabell, Pawelczack, Steffen, Tröbitz, Eva, Rinck, Mike, Becker, Eni S., Lindenmeyer, Johannes 16 August 2018 (has links)
Previous studies on self-esteem and depression demonstrated the usefulness of both implicit and explicit self-esteem as well as their congruence (also known as self-esteem consistency) to predict future depressive symptoms. High self-esteem consistency describes when implicit and explicit self-esteem match (e.g., both high or both low). In the current study, we investigated if implicit and explicit self-esteem and self-esteem consistency predict the course of treatment efficacy of a cognitive behavioral depression therapy. Explicit self-esteem was assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, implicit self-esteem by a priming task. Participants were 31 patients with a major depressive or recurrent depressive disorder receiving cognitive behavioral therapy treatment in an inpatient setting. Self-esteem measures were administered before treatment. The development of depression symptoms during treatment and at the 4-month follow-up was measured on the Beck Depression Inventory. Implicit and explicit self-esteem did not predict the course of the therapy. Patients with congruent self-esteem, however, improved faster and showed lower severity of symptoms throughout treatment. In contrast, neither explicit nor implicit self-esteem nor self-esteem consistency predicted the stability of effects after treatment. Practical implications such as targeting discrepancies in self-esteem during treatment are discussed.
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EEG Asymmetries in Survivors of Severe Motor Accidents: Association with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and its Treatment as well as Posttraumatic Growth: EEG Asymmetries in Survivors of Severe Motor Accidents: Association with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and its Treatment as well as Posttraumatic GrowthRabe, Sirko 04 March 2010 (has links)
Severe motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) represent one of the most often occurring psychological traumas, and are a leading cause of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, not all persons develop PTSD after traumatic events and a great proportion of patients who show symptoms initially recover over time. This has stimulated research of psychological and biological factors that explain development and maintenance of the disorder. Fortunately, this highly distressing condition can be effectively treated, e.g. via cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, brain mechanisms underlying changes due to psychological therapy in PTSD are almost unknown (Roffman, Marci, Glick, Dougherty, & Rauch, 2005). On the other hand there are observations of positive changes following trauma called Posttraumatic Growth (PTG), which have stimulated research of associated psychological processes and factors. However, there is a lack of research about the relation of biological variables (e.g. measures of brain function) and PTG.
Theories of brain asymmetry and emotion (Davidson, 1998b, 2004b; Heller, Koven, & Miller, 2003) propose that asymmetries of brain activation are related to certain features of human emotion (e.g. valence, approach or withdrawal tendencies, arousal). Whereas an enormous increase in the understanding of structural and functional abnormalities in PTSD could be achieved in the last decades due to neuroimaging research, there are still numerous unanswered questions. Especially, there is only little research explicitly examining activation asymmetries in PTSD. Furthermore, as mentioned, research is sparse investigating alterations of brain function that are associated with successful psychological treatment of PTSD. Finally, there is no published study examining how measures of brain function are related to PTG.
This thesis presents 3 studies investigating electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetries in survivors of severe motor vehicle accidents. The first part of the thesis (chapter 2) is devoted to a literature review about description (chapter 2.1), epidemiology (chapter 2.2 and 2.3), risk factors (chapter 2.4), psychological theories (chapter 2.5), biological mechanisms particularly neuroimaging findings (chapter 2.6), and treatment of PTSD (chapter 2.7.). Chapter 2.8 gives a short review on definition and research of Posttraumatic Growth. Chapter 2.9 provides an overview of models and research regarding brain asymmetry and emotion.
In chapter 3.1, a study is presented that investigated hemispheric asymmetries (EEG alpha) among MVA survivors with PTSD, with subsyndromal PTSD, and without PTSD as well as non-exposed healthy controls during a baseline condition and in response to neutral, positive, negative, and trauma-related pictures (study I). Next, the findings of study II are presented (chapter 3.2). This study examined the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on measures of EEG activity. Therefore, EEG activity before and after CBT in comparison to an assessment only Wait-list condition was measured. In chapter 3.3 a correlational study (study III) is presented that examined the relationship between frontal brain asymmetry and selfreported posttraumatic growth after severe MVAs.
Finally, in chapter 4 the findings are summarized and discussed with respect to (1) the state/trait debate in frontal asymmetry research and (2) current psychological theories of PTSD and PTG. In addition, the use of neuroscientific research for psychotherapy is discussed. Suggestions are presented for future goals for “brain” research of PTSD and treatment of PTSD. / Schwere Verkehrsunfälle stellen eines der am häufigsten vorkommenden psychologischen Traumata dar, und sind eine Hauptursache der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Jedoch entwickeln nicht alle Personen nach traumatischen Ereignissen eine PTBS und bei einem Großteil remittieren anfängliche PTBS-Symptome. Dies stimulierte die Erforschung von psychologischen und biologischen Faktoren, die die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der PTBS erklären. Glücklicherweise kann die PTBS effektiv, z.B über die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT), behandelt werden. Jedoch sind Gehirnmechanismen, die mit klinischen Änderungen aufgrund der psychologischen Therapie in PTSD einhergehen, nahezu unbekannt (Roffman, Marci, Glick, Dougherty, Rauch, 2005). Auf der anderen Seite gibt es Berichte von positiven Änderungen nach traumatischen Ereignissen, die als Posttraumatische Reifung (PTR) bezeichent werden. Dies hat in kürzerer Vergangenheit die Forschung von verbundenen psychologischen Prozessen und Faktoren stimuliert. Jedoch gibt es kaum Untersuchungen über die Beziehung von biologischen Variablen (z.B Messungen der Gehirnfunktion) und PTR.
Diese Arbeit präsentiert 3 Studien, die electroenzephalographische (EEG) Asymmetrien bei Opfern schwerer Verkehrsunfälle untersuchten. Der erste Teil der Arbeit (Kapitel 2) widmet sich einer Literaturrezension über: die Beschreibung (Kapitel 2.1), Epidemiologie (Kapitel 2.2 und 2.3), Risikofaktoren (Kapitel 2.4), psychologische Theorien (Kapitel 2.5), biologische Mechanismen besonders Neuroimaging Ergebnisse (Kapitel 2.6), und Behandlung der PTBS (Kapitel 2.7.). Kapitel 2.8 gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Definition und Forschung zur Posttraumatischen Reifung. Kapitel 2.9 gibt eine Übersicht zu aktuellen Modellen und empirischen Befunden bezüglich Gehirnasymmetrien und Emotionen.
Kapitel 3.1 präsentiert eine Studie, in der hemisphärische Asymmetrien (im EEG-Alpha Band) bei Unfallopfern mit PTBS, subsyndromaler PTBS, und ohne PTBS sowie gesunden Kontrollpersonen ohne Unfall untersucht wurden: während einer Ruhemessung und einer Emotionsinduktions-bedingung (neutrale, positive, negative und trauma-spezifische Bilder) (Studie I). Danach werden die Ergebnisse der Studie II (Kapitel 3.2) präsentiert. Hier wurde die Wirkung der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie auf Messungen der EEG-Aktivität untersucht. Deshalb wurde EEG-Aktivität vor und nach einer KVT im Vergleich mit einer Warten-Gruppe gemessen. Kapitel 3.3 präsentiert eine Korellationsanalyse (Studie III), bei der die Beziehung zwischen der frontalen Gehirnasymmetrie und posttraumatischer Reifung untersucht wurde.
Am Ende der Arbeit (Kapitel 4) werden die Ergebnisse zusammengefasst und in Bezug auf (1) die state/trait-Debatte im Rahmen der Asymmetrie-Forschung diskutiert sowie (2) ein Bezug zu aktuellen psychologische Theorien von PTSD und PTG hergestellt. Außerdem wird der Nutzen von neurobiologischer Forschung für die Psychotherapie besprochen. Dabei werden Vorschläge für zukünftige Projekte für die "Gehirn"-Forschung im Zusammenhang mit der PTBS, deren Behandlung und PTG gemacht.
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Efficacité d'un programme d'intervention auprès d'un parent d'enfant ayant une déficience intellectuelle et une anxiété de séparationSt-Onge, Gabrielle 10 1900 (has links)
Parmi les diagnostics de troubles anxieux auprès de la population ayant une déficience
intellectuelle (DI), le trouble d’anxiété de séparation figure parmi les plus fréquents. Près de 30
à 50 % des personnes avec une déficience intellectuelle (DI) présentent également un trouble de santé mentale en comorbidité, dont les troubles anxieux. Sachant que la prévalence de la DI est de 1,0 % à 2,6 % de la population du Québec, il semble pertinent d’offrir des services adaptés à leurs besoins particuliers. Pourtant, la grande majorité des recherches portant sur des interventions pour réduire les symptômes anxieux auprès d’une population ayant un trouble
neurodéveloppemental, tel que le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA), exclut les participants
ayant une DI. Pour répondre à ce besoin, ce projet de recherche visait à évaluer l’efficacité d’un
programme d’intervention auprès d’un parent d’un enfant âgé de 8 ans ayant une DI et un trouble d’anxiété de séparation. Dans le cadre d’un devis à cas unique de type AB, nous avons mesuré les comportements anxieux tout au long du programme d’intervention mis en place. Les résultats montrent que certains symptômes anxieux ont diminué suivant l’implantation par le parent de stratégies cognitivo-comportementales. D’autres études devront être effectuées afin d’explorer davantage l’efficacité de ce programme. / Among the diagnoses of anxiety disorders in the population with intellectual disabilities
(ID), separation anxiety disorder is the most common. About 30 to 50% of people with
intellectual disabilities (ID) also have a comorbid mental health problem, including anxiety
disorders. Knowing that the prevalence of the disease is from 1.0% to 2.6% of the population of
Quebec, it seems relevant to offer services tailored to their specific needs. Yet, the vast majority
of research has been done on interventions to reduce the symptoms of the population with a
neurodevelopmental disorder, such as the autism spectrum disorder (ASD), excludes
participants with an ID. To address this need, this research project was designed to evaluate the
effectiveness of an intervention program with a parent of an 8-year-old child with ID and
separation anxiety disorder. As part of a single-case AB type design, we measured anxiety
behaviors throughout the intervention program set up. The results show that some anxiety
symptoms have decreased following the parent's implementation of cognitive-behavioral
strategies. Other studies should be done to explore the effectiveness of the program.
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The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of Substance Abuse in Comparison to Other Major Treatments in the FieldJohnson, Douglas Drake January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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En intervjustudie om yrkesprofessionella spelberoendebehandlare och deras perspektiv på sitt nuvarande och framtida arbete i förhållande till digitaliseringen / A qualitive study of the perspectives of game therapists on their work and future work in relation to digitalizationMagrini Klövmark, Silvia January 2021 (has links)
Introduktion: Idag har omkring 340 000 personer i Sverige någon grad av spelproblem, vilket är drygt 4 procent av befolkningen mellan 16–87 år. Cirka 165 000 personer delar hushåll med någon som har ett problemspelande och 68 000 utav dem är barn. Spelproblem ger stora samhällskostnader och den beräknade kostnaden är cirka 14 miljarder kronor per år. Syfte: Att undersöka uppfattningar bland yrkesprofessionella spelberoendebehandlare om sitt nuvarande och framtida arbete och arbetssätt, dess vinster och begränsningar i förhållande till digitaliseringen. Metod: Kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studiepopulationen bestod av sju yrkesprofessionella spelberoendebehandlare. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Majoriteten av spelberoendebehandlarna anser att digitalt stöd är ett bra hälsofrämjande komplement till de fysiska behandlingsmetoderna som finns idag. Med digitalbehandling behövs ingen restid, resväg eller transportmedel. De negativa aspekterna som framkom är att vissa klienter inte har råd eller tillgång till fungerande internetuppkoppling eller att kunskap saknas. Det finns även flertal frågetecken kring KBT som behandlingsmetod. Slutsats: Digital kompetens kommer sannolikt bli en av framtidens stora konkurrensfördelar då de digitala behoven ökar. Spelberoendebehandlarna kommer att behöva utveckla sin digitala kompetens, arbetssätt, lära sig att använda nya redskap och tjänster inom digital behandling. Spelberoendebehandlarna önskar också en kunskapsutveckling gällande spelberoende och spelmissbruk i samhället, både för vuxna,barn och ungdomar. / Introduction: Today, around 340,000 people in Sweden have some degree of gambling problem, which is just over 4 percent of the population between ages 16 to 87. About 165,000 people share their household with someone who has a problem with gambling and 68,000 of them are children. Gambling problems results in large costs for the society. The estimated cost is approximately 14 billion SEK per year. Aim: To examine gambling therapists perceptions and attitudes regarding their current and future work and working methods. And also it´s benefits and limitations in relation to digitalisation. Methods: Qualitative study with semi-structured interviews. The study population consisted of seven gambling therapists. The interview material was analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The majority of therapists believe that digital support is a good health promotion complement to the psysical treatment methods that exist today. With digital processing, no travel time, travel or means of transport are needed. The negative aspects that emerged are that some clients cannot afford or doesn’t have access to a functioning internet connection or that knowledge is lacking. There are also several questions about cognitive behavioral therapy as a treatment method. Conclusion: Digital competence is likely to be one of the great competitive advantages of the future as digital need increase. Therapists in gambling addiction will need to develop their digital skills, working methods and learn to use new tools and services in digital treatment. The therapists also want knowledge development regarding gambling addiction in society, both for adults, children and teenagers.
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Proces supervize ve výcviku v kognitivně behaviorální terapii a očekávání supervizorů a supervizantů od supervize / The process of supervision in training in cognitive behavioral therapy and expectations of supervisors and those supervisees from supervisitVyskočilová, Jana January 2012 (has links)
Bc. Jana Vyskočilová, FHS Řízení a supervize, Abstrakt k diplomové práci. ABSTRACT The first part of the study deals with theoretical issues of supervision, especially supervision in cognitive behavioral therapy. The practical part is focused to mapping the expectations of supervision of trainees of CBT training in various phases of their training (after 1 year of training and after the fourth year of training, prior to training) and expectations of supervision of trainees training in CBT supervision. ABSS (Attitudes and Beliefs about Supervision Scale) was used as an evaluation instrument to assessed the expectations and beliefs of supervision. The expectations of probands with different experience in supervision were compared to find out where are consensual and where differ. The results show that trainees in supervision (Supervisors) emphasize particularly the importance of self-reflection and structures, Intermediate and advanced training students differ in their attitudes and expectations of supervision minimally (increased emphasis on counter-transference in intermediate students). Probands who are just going into training and have no previous experiences with supervision generally have higher expectations of supervision than trainees, who are already undergoing training. The finding that...
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Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Change in Body Composition in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation TherapyChaplow, Zachary Lewis 24 August 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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Neuropsychological predictors of treatment outcome in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)Motaghi, Mohammad Javad 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Prenatal anknytning och mamma-barn bindning : En kvantitativ undersökning bland mödrar som genomgått internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi för antenatal depression / Prenatal attachment and mother- infant bonding : A quantitive study among mothers who received internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for antenatal depressionHenriksson, Hanna, Alani, Meryem January 2023 (has links)
I Sverige drabbas ca 10 - 20% av kvinnor av depression under graviditeten eller efter förlossningen. Då tidigare forskning har gett indikationer på att depression kan ha en negativ inverkan på prenatal anknytning och mamma-barn bindning, är syftet med uppsatsen att undersöka detta hos mammor som genomgått internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (IKBT) för antenatal depression. Denna uppsats skrevs i samarbete med den randomiserade DANA-studien om IKBT för gravida med depression. Uppsatsen var en prediktions- och sambandsstudie som tillämpar en inomgruppsdesign med tre mättillfällen; före och efter IKBT behandling samt postpartum. Syftet med uppsatsen var bland annat att undersöka vilka faktorer som förutsäger mamma-barn bindning 8–10 veckor postpartum, samband mellan prenatal anknytning och behandlingsutfall samt samband mellan förändring i depression och förändring i prenatal anknytning under behandlingen. Resultatet indikerar att tidigare missfall samt prenatal anknytning före och efter behandlingen, kunde förutsäga mamma-barn bindning 8-10 veckor postpartum. Prenatal anknytning var inte en signifikant prediktor för förändring i depressionsnivå. Slutligen indikerar resultatet ett signifikant samband mellan förändring i prenatal anknytning samt förändring i depression före och efter behandlingen. / In Sweden, about 10-20% of women suffer from depression during pregnancy or after childbirth. As previous research has given indications that depression can have a negative impact on prenatal attachment and mother-infant bonding, the aim of the essay is to investigate this in mothers who underwent internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for antenatal depression. This paper was written in collaboration with the DANA randomized trial of ICBT for pregnant women with depression. The design was a prediction and correlation study that applies a within-group design with three measurement occasions: before and after ICBT treatment and 8-10 weeks after childbirth. The purpose of the essay was, among other things, to investigate which factors predict mother-infant bonding 8–10 weeks postpartum, the relationship between prenatal attachment and treatment outcome, and the relationship between change in depression and change in prenatal attachment during treatment. The results indicate that previous miscarriages and prenatal attachment before and after treatment could predict mother-child bonding 8-10 weeks postpartum. Prenatal attachment was not a significant predictor of change in depression level. Finally, the results indicate a significant relationship between change in prenatal attachment and change in depression before and after treatment.
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