Syftet med denna studie är att öka medvetenheten kring vilka resurser som är viktiga för att småföretag inom detaljhandeln ska överleva i Visby Innerstad. Vidare avser studien att delge tankar kring handeln i Visby innerstad utifrån den lokala konsumentens perspektiv. Studien har för avsikt att undersöka vilka resurser som ägarna till respektive småföretag anser viktiga för företagets överlevnad. Studien avser även att ta del av den lokala konsumentens tankar kring handeln i innerstan.   Det empiriska materialet består dels av nio djupgående semistrukturerade intervjuer med ägare till småföretag, dels av två fokusgrupper med totalt tio lokala konsumenter. I resultatet framkommer att butikernas kunder, läge, ägare och personal är de resurser som ägarna anser vara de mest centrala för att överleva i Visby innerstad. Ägarna ser turister och lokala kundrelationer som centrala delar inom immateriella resurser. Gotland är en dyr turistdestination vilket leder till att många av turisterna har ett stort finansiellt kapital. Enligt ägarna är det viktigt att lokala kunder förstår att de gör skillnad för småföretagen när de handlar i butikerna.    Inom materiella resurser anses läget vara mest betydelsefullt. Ägarna anser att det är fördelaktigt med en butik belägen i Visby innerstad medan konsumenterna anser att butikerna ligger avsides. Ägarnas åsikter kring vart i innerstan det är mest fördelaktigt att ha en butik skiljer sig åt, där en ägare menar att det är fördelaktigt med ett läge där det går färre människor. En annan ägare betonar att det vore fördelaktigt ifall butiken var belägen vid ett gångstråk. Ägarna och personalen framkom som centrala delar inom mänskliga resurser. Personalen är en meningsfull tillgång men det är ägaren som driver företaget framåt. Eftersom alla människor besitter olika kunskaper innebär det att ägare och personal kompletterar varandra. Konsumenterna poängterar att personalen som arbetar i butikerna i innerstan är mer personliga samt ger en högre service än vad som upplevs i butikskedjor. / The purpose of this study is to increase the awareness for which resources play an important role in the survival of small retail businesses in the inner city in Visby. This is done through investigating the business owner and consumer perspectives.    The empirical material is based on nine in-depth semi-structured interviews with business owners, and two focus groups conducted with a total of ten local consumers. The results show that the business’s customers, the store’s location, the owner, and the employees are the foremost resources. The owners see the tourists and local customers as important resources. Gotland is an expensive tourist destination, attracting financially strong tourists. Nevertheless, the owners emphasize the importance of the local customers who make a significant contribution when they shop in central Visby.   All owners see an advantage to being located in the inner city, whereas local customers consider it somewhat inconvenient. The owners disagreed on whether it is best to be on a busy versus low traffic inner-city location. The owners see their own role as important for survival; they develop the business. They see the personnel as important as well because they bring complementary skills and knowledge to the business. In the focus groups, the customers emphasized the superior personal service they experience from inner-city stores, much above what they experience in chain stores.

С ростом числа компаний, оказывающих консалтинговые услуги, усиливается конкуренция между ними, что требует от руководства поиска путей увеличения конкурентных преимуществ. В работе были проведены исследования, позволяющие повысить эффективность учетно-аналитического обеспечения в области бухгалтерского консалтинга и аутсорсинга. Идентифицированы и систематизированы факторы риска финансово-хозяйственной деятельности в сфере бухгалтерского консалтинга и аутсорсинга для целей повышения эффективности управления процессом формирования финансовых результатов. Разработана модель интегрированного анализа финансовых результатов на основании объединения традиционных аналитических расчетов показателей «Отчета о финансовых результатах» и SWOT-анализа деятельности коммерческой организации. Проанализированы прикладные аспекты и разработаны практические рекомендации, позволяющие совершенствовать финансовую и учетную политику организаций, оказывающих услуги в области бухгалтерского консалтинга и аутсорсинга, для целей управления процессом формирования финансовых результатов. / With the growing number of companies providing consulting services, competition between them increases, which requires management to find ways to increase competitive advantages. The research was conducted to improve the efficiency of accounting and analytical support in the field of accounting consulting and outsourcing. Identified and systematized risk factors of financial and economic activities in the field of accounting consulting and outsourcing for the purpose of improving the efficiency of managing the process of generating financial results. A model of integrated analysis of financial results is developed based on combining traditional analytical calculations of indicators Of the "report on financial results" and SWOT analysis of the activities of a commercial organization. Applied aspects are analyzed and practical recommendations are developed to improve the financial and accounting policies of organizations that provide services in the field of accounting consulting and outsourcing for the purpose of managing the process of generating financial results.

In light of the exponential growth of the nicotine pouch industry, major tobacco-industry players have shown increasing interest in newer nicotine and tobacco products, despite the lack of discernible differences them. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the differentiation strategies of companies within the Swedish nicotine pouch market, and further, the long-term competitiveness of these strategies. The study has applied an abductive and qualitative method to interpret non-numerical data of 14 companies through a document analysis, complemented by two semi-structured interviews. Empirical findings have been analysed using a conceptual model based on previous theories and research on product differentiation. The thesis identified five traditional, alongside three industry-specific modes of differentiation apparent within the market. Primarily, companies differentiate through branding and marketing, adaptiveness, health advocacy and sustainable branding. Interestingly, besides flavour innovation, technology and innovation-driven differentiation is less common within the industry. Most strategies identified within the market are, however, easily imitable, and therefore not competitive long- term. Ultimately, findings suggest the industry is at a crossroads: Consumers currently hold a significant amount of power with a variety of options and little to nothing swaying them in one direction or the other.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-06T16:17:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Henrique de Assis_.pdf: 840472 bytes, checksum: 9a874dc8fd9a7aec5e4141ef457499ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T16:17:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Henrique de Assis_.pdf: 840472 bytes, checksum: 9a874dc8fd9a7aec5e4141ef457499ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-13 / Nenhuma / Cada vez mais, as empresas multinacionais de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) têm requerido a participação de seus departamentos jurídicos em suas tomadas de decisão. Acontece que as inovações tecnológicas promovidas por elas acarretam em inúmeros desafios, com destaque para aqueles de natureza jurídica, uma vez que o Direito, por suas especificidades, é incapaz de acompanhá-las. Tal incapacidade é particularmente verificada nos países emergentes; isso porque eles não são, em regra, aptos a promover a estabilidade de suas instituições, incluindo os seus sistemas jurídicos. As referidas organizações, então, conferem aos seus departamentos jurídicos o papel de conduzi-las por meio do emaranhado de indeterminações que daí decorre, donde a importância deles para o seu desempenho (eficácia). Dada essa quebra de paradigma do papel corporativo dos departamentos jurídicos - que passaram a ser, pois, constantemente demandados a abdicar de sua vocação consultiva para se tornarem também propositivos - bem como as peculiaridades da TI, torna-se importante a identificação de qual seja a capacidade dinâmica essencial para que eles atinjam o seu objetivo: gerar vantagens competitivas para as empresas nas quais inseridos. / Multinational Information Technology (IT) companies are requiring more and more the participation of its legal departments on its decision-taking process. It happens that the technological innovations promoted by them leads to several challenges, especially legal ones, considering that Law, due to its specificities, is not able to keep up with them. This inability is particularly verifiable in emergent countries; this is because they are not, as a rule, able to promote the stability of its institutions, including the legal systems. Those organizations then trust their legal departments to lead them through the maze of uncertainties that comes from this,= and that is the reason why they are so important to its performance (effectiveness). Due to this paradigm break of the corporate role of legal departments - that became constantly demanded to abdicate its consultive aptitude to be propositive too - as well as the IT peculiarities, it is important to identify what dynamic capability is essential for them to achieve its main goal: create competitive advantages to the companies they are part of.

Författarna finner att dagens teori saknar tydliga riktlinjer för hur praktiker i den svenska banksektorn bör använda sig av intern marknadsföring. Bristen av en klar definition av begreppet medför svårigheter att applicera teorin på strategiarbetet och använda de verktyg som finns att tillgå i befintlig forskning. Nuvarande forskning visar på vikten av intern marknadsföring i alla organisationer, och då främst inom servicesektorn. Studierna som har gjorts är emellertid baserade på sektorer utomlands, vilket innebär svårigheter för svenska banker att tillämpa resultatet inom sin egen organisation, menar författarna. Författarna ämnar därför undersöka intern marknadsföring och dess effekt på uppfattade konkurrensfördelar på den svenska banksektorn och författarna har valt att fokusera på svenska fullsortimentsbanker. Det genomförs genom en teoretisk bakgrund kring de begrepp och modeller som finns idag samt genom en kvalitativ undersökning av två aktörer inom den svenska banksektorn. Både ledning och medarbetare på de bägge bankerna har deltagit i undersökningen för att kunna återge en nyanserad bild av problematiken. Studien visar att det råder vissa likheter mellan forskningen och de undersökta fallen, men inom bägge fallstudierna råder det även vissa skillnader i hur den interna marknadsföringen används och vilka konkurrensfördelar den skapar för fullsortimentsbanker. Undersökningen bidrar med rekommendationer för praktiker som kan ge en tydligare bild för hur fullsortimentsbanker inom den svenska banksektorn kan agera för att skapa ytterligare konkurrensfördelar genom den interna marknadsföringen. / This paper examines the theoretical area about internal marketing and what competitive advantages it results in. Earlier research shows that internal marketing is vital for successful companies, especially in the service sector. However, there have been no published studies of the Swedish banking sector. That is why the authors have used two case studies within the Swedish bank sector to try to create guidelines that they can use to increase their competitive advantages by using internal marketing in their strategy planning.The theoretical part shows that most of the researchers agree that by using some effective tools and factors in the internal marketing a better and more adaptive organisation will be developed. Even though there are some vital tools, all the tools must be considered and implemented in the organisations. The case studies have been researched using qualitative methods, interviewing both leaders and employees, trying to give a nuanced description of the internal marketing. The result shows that there need to be an open dialogue between the employees and the leaders and that the dialogue will be better by effective use of tools within the internal marketing. The discussion shows that the Swedish banking sector can develop their internal marketing to gain even more competitive advantages.

El trabajo se centra en el estudio de la influencia de las tecnologías de la información (TI) en los resultados de las empresas desde la enfoque de recursos y capacidades. A partir del análisis controvertido de la bibliografía existente hasta la década de los 90, se propone un modelo de medida de las TI, de las ventajas competitivas internas y externas que dichas tecnologías son susceptibles de generar y su repercusión sobre el rendimiento de las empresas. El análisis empírico realizado sobre una muestra de 186 empresas, determina relaciones significativas entre el esfuerzo inversor en TI y las ventajas competitivas generadas, que junto con la existencia complementaria de factores organizativos contingentes influyen de forma positiva sobre el rendimiento de las empresas. / The work concentrates on the study of the information technologies (IT) influences on the results of the companies from the Resource-based Approach. From the controversial analysis of the existing bibliography until the decade of the 90, we propose a measurement model of IT, its internal and external competitive advantages that these technologies are susceptible to generate and its repercussion on the companies performance. The empirical analysis made on a sample of 186 companies, determines significant relations between the investing effort in IT and the generated competitive advantages, that along with the complementary existence of contingent organizational factors, influence in a positive way on the firms performance.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2074714 bytes, checksum: dac00ea8cc424b009c726064bc12dba1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aims to investigate how interorganizational relationships between constituent companies of the Great Joao Pessoa s shoes APL may contribute to the development of relational rents and competitive advantage. Thus, first, a literature review using the Resource Based View and as the main theoretical bases, especially Relational View and Extended Resource Based View was held. Thus, through the concepts of the literature investigated, it was possible to develop an analytical model consists of three major steps: characterization of the inter-relationships of the APL companies, identification of interorganizational resources and identifying potential sources of relational rents and competitive advantage. This research is characterized by a multi-case study by analyzing three companies of the Great Joao Pessoa s shoes APL. Moreover, it has predominantly qualitative and descriptive. Especially semi-structured interviews with managers of different companies investigated were used to collect data. For organization and analysis of qualitative data, the Atlas/ti software was used. It was found as the main common characteristics interorganizational relationship of the three companies: trust; sharing of tangible and/or intangible resources; joint learning; different degrees of collaboration; cooperation; interdependence between formally established partnerships; informal partnerships, in the figure of its managers and employees; and interaction with public and/or private institutions. Main interorganizational resource raw materials, parts, equipment, space, knowledge and information about aspects or not the production process that are shared between the companies were identified; use of the road network, proximity to ports, low cost of labor-intensive interaction with the region and private institutions of autonomous services; besides the tax incentives granted by the state government especially. As sources of relational rents knowledge sharing routines, complementary resource endowments and the existence of governance mechanisms were identified. Accordingly, therefore, there is the presence of potential for the generation of relational rents, indicating that relationships between companies in the Great João Pessoa s shoes APL may bring, varying according to the level of partnership, competitive advantages for companies forming part of them. / Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar de que forma os relacionamentos interorganizacionais entre empresas constituintes do APL de calçados da Grande João Pessoa podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de rendas relacionais e vantagens competitivas. Dessa forma, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura utilizando a Visão Baseada em Recursos e, especialmente, a Visão Relacional e a Visão Baseada em Recursos Estendida, como bases teóricas principais. Sendo assim, por meio de conceitos da literatura investigada, foi possível desenvolver um modelo de análise formado por três etapas principais: caracterização dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais de empresas do APL, identificação de recursos interorganizacionais e identificação de fontes geradoras de rendas relacionais e vantagens competitivas. Esta pesquisa se caracteriza por um estudo de multicasos por meio da análise de três empresas do APL de calçados da Grande João Pessoa. Além disso, possui caráter predominantemente qualitativo e descritivo. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas especialmente entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores das diferentes empresas investigadas. Para organização e análise dos dados qualitativos, foi utilizado o software Atlas/ti. Verificou-se como principais características comuns ao relacionamento interorganizacional das três empresas: confiança; compartilhamento de recursos tangíveis e/ou intangíveis; aprendizagem conjunta; diferentes graus de colaboração; cooperação; interdependência entre parcerias formalmente estabelecidas; parcerias informais, na figura de seus gestores e funcionários; e, interação com instituições públicas e/ou privadas. Como principais recursos interorganizacionais foram identificados: matérias-primas, peças, equipamentos, espaço físico, conhecimentos e informações sobre aspectos diretamente ligados ou não ao processo produtivo que são compartilhados entre as empresas; utilização da malha rodoviária, proximidade com portos, baixo custo da mão-de-obra da região e interação com instituições privadas de serviços autônomos; e incentivos fiscais concedidos especialmente pelo governo estadual. Como fontes geradoras de rendas relacionais foram identificadas rotinas de compartilhamento de conhecimento, dotações complementares de recursos e existência de mecanismos de governança. Dessa forma, verifica-se, portanto, potencial para a geração de rendas relacionais, indicando que os relacionamentos entre as empresas do APL de calçados da Grande João Pessoa podem trazer, variando conforme o nível de parceria, vantagens competitivas para as empresas que dele fazem parte.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:31:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Lex.pdf: 2651823 bytes, checksum: 468b06e5f075bd40d1d9b01209cdedb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-06 / The causal relationship between the use of technological innovation and gain of sustainable competitive advantages has been observed and studied within several organizations and in different environments. However there has been no concern on how organizations can establish such relationship and which other variables may exert influence on it. Therefore, the aim of this study is based on such concern and on the Brazilian Cellular Telephone Sector, which is undergoing fast structural changes and experiencing great technological improvement. These changes have triggered the digital convergence, which allows sound, image and data to be transmitted through the same medium. Initially, an analysis of the recent evolution of the Telecommunication Industry, where the studied Sector is located, was conducted to attain better comprehension of the role of the Sector s organizations, operators and cellular manufacturers. Following, a broad conceptual revision on technological innovation, sustainable competitive advantages and consumers value was made to give a solid theoretical support to the study. This study involved a double-folded descriptive field research. In the first part, a qualitative research, 13 specialists from the main organizations of the Sector were interviewed. Content Analysis made it evident that intervenient variables, digital convergence and consumer s value perception, are responsible for the link between technological innovation and the gain of sustainable competitive advantages. Other variables that influence this relationship were also identified: Government regulation, economic conditions and strategic positioning of companies. A descriptive Model was used to represent these relationships. In the second part, a quantitative research was based on a employed sample of 350 respondents for statistical validation of the Model. As part of this research, two pre-tests involving 220 respondents were made. Data were analyzed through univariate and multivariate statistical procedures: Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The study concluded that cellular operators and equipment manufacturers in the Brazilian Cellular Telephone Sector are searching for digital convergence based on technological innovation to obtain innovative products and services to be offered to consumers. Nevertheless, it also became evident that these companies can only achieve sustainable competitive advantages if consumers are able to perceive significant added values. / A relação de causalidade entre o emprego de inovações tecnológicas e a obtenção de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis tem sido observada e estudada em diversas organizações e em diferentes ambientes, sem, no entanto, procurar entender de que modo as organizações estabelecem essa relação e que outras variáveis podem exercer influência, que é o objetivo deste estudo. Ele está focado no Setor de Telefonia Celular brasileiro, no qual a evolução tecnológica é a mola propulsora da contínua transformação, cuja evidência está na convergência digital, que possibilita que som, imagem e dados sejam transmitidos através do mesmo aparelho. Inicialmente, procurou-se analisar a evolução recente da Indústria de Telecomunicações, em que se situa o Setor estudado, para poder compreender o papel das organizações que o compõem, as operadoras e os fabricantes de aparelhos celulares. A seguir, foi feita uma revisão ampla dos conceitos sobre inovação, sobre vantagens competitivas e sobre valor do consumidor, que pudessem dar sustentação teórica aos estudos. O trabalho compreendeu uma pesquisa descritiva, desenvolvida em duas fases. Na primeira fase, qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas com 13 especialistas das principais organizações do Setor. Aos dados colhidos foi aplicada a Análise de Conteúdo, que levou à identificação de duas varáveis moderadoras, a convergência digital e a percepção de valor pelos consumidores que representam o vínculo entre a inovação tecnológica e a obtenção de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. Outras variáveis também foram identificadas e que exercem influência sobre esse vínculo, a regulação Governamental, as Condições Econômicas e a Atitude estratégica das Empresas. Um Modelo esquemático foi usado para registrar e facilitar a visualização dessas relações. Na segunda fase, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa quantitativa junto a uma amostra de 350 consumidores de celulares com o objetivo de validar o Modelo. Na fase preparatória, foram realizados dois pré-testes, envolvendo 220 consumidores. Para a análise dos dados colhidos, foram aplicados procedimentos estatísticos univariados e multivariados; a Análise Fatorial e a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais foram as duas técnicas aplicadas. O estudo concluiu que as operadoras e os fabricantes de aparelhos celulares buscam a convergência digital a partir do emprego de inovações tecnológicas, obtendo serviços e produtos inovadores que são oferecidos aos consumidores. Entretanto, para que essas organizações consigam gerar vantagens competitivas e sustentá-las, é necessário que os consumidores sejam capazes de perceber que os produtos e serviços inovadores apresentem valor agregado significativo.

無 / Purpose – The fast growth and global success of China’s ICT industry suggests the presence of national competitive advantages. The purpose of this study is to examine these competitive advantages and draw conclusions about their influence on company performance using the case of Huawei. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Porter Diamond Theory of National Advantage the study analyses the development of China’s telecommunication equipment industry and existing competitive advantages. Using the case of Huawei, the author explores the impact of Porter’s determinants on the company’s growth and global success. Findings – The study finds that China’s telecom equipment industry leveraged basic factors such as a large pool of low-cost labor while gradually developing more sustainable advantages. The Chinese government played a major role in driving initial demand for telecom equipment and facilitating the development of China’s ICT sector by opening its market to foreign investment and promoting innovation. Although the national competitive advantages elaborated in this study certainly helped the industry to excel, Huawei’s global success is also tied to its early decision to focus on R&D instead of relying on foreign technology. The additional support Huawei received from Beijing, particularly after being selected as a national champion, helped it in numerous ways but might hinder Huawei’s growth due to an increased negative image, particularly in the United States. Research implications – This research adds to the body of literature on the creation of national competitive advantages and their influence on the development and success of domestic industries.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-04-03T18:34:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Francisco Pistillo Fernandes.pdf: 2511512 bytes, checksum: ff3c00f73857bac7fbcb27ac806f0f21 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-03T18:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Francisco Pistillo Fernandes.pdf: 2511512 bytes, checksum: ff3c00f73857bac7fbcb27ac806f0f21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / The telecommunications market is strategic for a country, project management is a recent and expanding discipline, relating project management and companies strategy is important for the competition at the telecommunications market. The objective of this work is to verify the influence of project management in obtaining competitive advantages at telecommunications companies. To achieve that a multiple case study was held, trough interviews with two project management executives, in two leading multinational telecommunications companies in Brazil. The study evaluated the relationship between project management maturity through the Kerzner Project Management Maturity Model (KPMMM) and the Resource Based View (RBV) at the generation of sustainable competitive advantages by assessing the model Value Rarity Inimitability Organization (VRIO) in conjunction with market performance indicators at the two companies. It was observed that the company A is at level 5 in KPMMM model and company B at level 3, that company A shows higher perception of VRIO model items for project management resources, and furthermore that company A has a better financial performance. So there are indications that the project management maturity can contribute to the generation of sustainable competitive advantages. As theoretical contributions the study presents the proposition which indicates that the project management may contribute to the generation of sustainable competitive advantages. As practical contributions this work presents the diagnosis carried out at the two companies and the instruments to replicate this inquire at other telecommunications companies. / O mercado de telecomunicações é estratégico para um país, o gerenciamento de projetos é uma disciplina recente e em expansão, relacionar o gerenciamento de projetos a estratégia das empresas é importante para a competição no mercado de telecomunicações. O objetivo deste trabalho é a verificação da influência do gerenciamento de projetos para a obtenção de vantagens competitivas em empresas de telecomunicações. Para isso foi desenvolvido neste trabalho um estudo de casos múltiplos, por meio de entrevistas com dois executivos de projetos, em duas empresas multinacionais de telecomunicações líderes no Brasil. O estudo avaliou a relação entre maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos pelo modelo Kerzner Project Management Maturity Model (KPMMM) e a Visão Baseada em Recursos na geração de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis pela avalição do modelo Valor Raridade Imitabilidade imperfeita Organização (VRIO) em conjunto com a análise de indicadores de desempenho de mercado nas duas empresas. Foi observado que a empresa A atinge o nível 5 do modelo KPMMM e a empresa B o nível 3, que a empresa A apresenta maior a percepção dos itens do modelo VRIO para os recursos de gerenciamento de projetos, e ainda que a empresa A tem melhor desempenho financeiro. Há indícios, portanto, de que a maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos possa contribuir para a geração de vantagens competitivas. Como contribuição teórica o estudo apresenta a proposição que indica que o gerenciamento de projetos pode contribuir para a geração de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. Como contribuição para a prática apresenta-se o diagnóstico realizado nas duas empresas e o instrumento para replicá-lo em outras empresas do setor de telecomunicações.