With funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering and Technology at BYU has been furthering their research on Global Virtual Teams. After Cultural Competence lessons were implemented into the classroom setting in 2010, it was decided that teaching the lessons online asynchronously could have advantages in decreasing the time professors needed to cover the content in class. In 2011, Jennifer Alexander teamed with faculty involved with the NSF grant to design and develop online Cultural Competence lessons. Beginning in August 2011 students at BYU and other cooperating campuses participated in the online Cultural Competence lessons. The online lessons were complete and ready for implementation on time; changes were made after implementation based on feedback given in student interviews; and the lessons are now ready for further development and implementation. The lessons will be shared openly with a global audience through Global Hub beginning in summer 2012.

Purpose: This study was initiated to verify whether a remarkably high rate of postpartum depression (PPD), previously found in immigrant Hispanic women receiving health care at a community clinic, would also be found in a community sample with a similar demographic. Data Sources: Sixty immigrant Hispanic women who had recently given birth were recruited from local community settings. The Beck Postpartum Depression Screening Scale-Spanish version (PPDS-S) and the General Acculturation Index (GAI) were used to screen for PPD symptoms and to collect demographic data. These data were then compared with previously published data from the community clinic sample. Conclusions: Sixty percent of the immigrant Hispanic women in our community sample showed significant PPD symptoms as scored on the Beck PPDS-S. There was no significant difference found in demographics or in types of PPD symptoms between the clinic sample and the community sample. Of all the demographic data, the only statistically significant positive predictive factor for increased PPD symptoms was having a previous history of depression. In addition, 54% of the sample had an elevated symptom content profile score for suicidal thinking. Implications for Practice: Health practitioners should be aware of a potentially high rate of PPD in this population, especially in light of previously studied increased rates of suicide attempts in Latinas. If a prior history of depression is predictive of PPD, it is possible that many of the mothers in our sample suffered from depression prior to the postpartum period, but were not appropriately diagnosed or treated. Recommendations for outreach and further research are discussed. In particular, further research regarding the prenatal prevalence of depression in immigrant Hispanic women is recommended in order to further understand the high incidence of PPD.

Att arbeta som familjebehandlare inom individ- och familjeomsorgen innebär att dagligen möta familjer som bär sin unika historia, sitt kulturella ursprung och livserfarenheter. När familjebehandlare och familj inte talar samma språk kompliceras mötet och utmaningar kan uppstå. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka familjebehandlarnas upplevelse av mötet med familjer av utländsk bakgrund samt vilka utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer de upplever i mötet. Kvalitativa intervjuer med sju familjebehandlare genomfördes. Materialet transkriberades, kodades och analyserades med tematisk analys. Det socialkonstruktivistiska perspektivet användes då vi ville undersöka ett socialt samspel. Stämplingsteorin användes i analysen, för att förstå komplexiteten samt risker i mötet med familjerna. Centrala begrepp samt tidigare forskning har använts i analysen. Av resultat och analys framkommer det att familjebehandlarna upplever svårigheter med kommunikationen, även då en tolk deltar. Alliansskapandet är det viktigaste och svårt att skapa enligt resultatet. Familjebehandlarna uppger att förändringsarbetet med familjerna allt för sällan ger ett önskvärt resultat. / Working as a family therapist in individual and family-care involves meeting different families, with their own history, culture, and life experiences. The interaction between family-therapist and treatment-family can be complicated if they don´t speak the same language. The purpose of this study has been to investigate the family therapists' experience of challenges and possibilities that occur in the interaction with the families. Qualitative interviews with seven family therapists’ were conducted and the material was transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. The social constructivist perspective was used because we wanted to investigate a situation of social interaction. The labelling theory was used in the analysis to understand which factors affect the interaction with the families. Previous research has been used in the analysis. Results show that family therapists experience difficulties in the communication process, even if an interpreter participates. Alliance is important but difficult to create according to the result, so is a positive treatment result.

Bakgrund Den ökande migrationen i Sverige ökar kraven hos sjuksköterskor att möta och vårda patienter med en annan kulturell bakgrund. Kultur är en avgörande faktor som påverkar patienten och sjuksköterskan behöver ta hänsyn till denna med hjälp av kulturell kompetens. Att ha kulturell kompetens innebär att sjuksköterskan har kunskap och förståelse för patientens kultur och anpassa vården efter patientens kulturella bakgrund. Patienterna upplever att kulturella och språkliga skillnader mellan dem och sjuksköterskorna påverkar omvårdnaden och försämrar vårdkvaliteten. Syfte Syftet med litteraturöversikten är att utforska sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Metod Metoden för arbetet är en strukturerad litteraturstudie med inslag av den metodologi som används vid systematiska översikter. Det består av 14 kvalitativa artiklar insamlade från databaserna CINAHL, PubMed och PsycInfo. Artiklarna analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs analysmodell i tre steg och kvaliteten med artiklarna granskades med hjälp av Ulrika Nilssons granskningsmall. Resultat Resultatet presenterades i tre huvudkategorier: upplevelser av kommunikation; kulturella skillnader och kulturella kompetens samt dess strategier för förbättring av vården av patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Resultatet visade att språkskillnader försvårade patientvården, att sjuksköterskorna mötte diskriminering och att brist på kulturell kompetens orsakade känslor av osäkerhet och rädsla. Slutsats Sjuksköterskorna upplevde utmaningar som var bland annat kulturella och språkliga skillnader, brist på kulturell kompetens samt att bemöta och bli bemött av patienter. Trots dessa utmaningar kunde sjuksköterskorna navigera sig i olika situationer och använda olika strategier för att överkomma utmaningarna. / Background The increasing migration in Sweden increases the demands on nurses to meet and care for patients with a different cultural background. Culture is a decisive factor that affects the patient, and the nurse needs to take this into account with the help of cultural competence. Having cultural competence means that the nurse has knowledge and understanding of the patient's culture and adapts care to the patient's cultural background. The patients feel that cultural and linguistic differences between them and the nurses affect the care and reduce the quality of care. Aim The purpose of the literature review is to explore the nurse's experiences of caring for patients with a different cultural background. Method The method for the work is a structured literature study with elements of the methodology used in systematic reviews. It consists of 14 qualitative articles collected from the databases CINAHL, PubMed and PsycInfo. The articles were analysed using Friberg's analysis model in three steps and the quality of the articles was reviewed using Ulrika Nilsson's review template. Results The results were presented in three main categories: experiences of communication; cultural differences and cultural competence and its strategies for improving the care of patients with different cultural backgrounds. The results showed that language differences made patient care more difficult, that the nurses faced discrimination and that a lack of cultural competence caused feelings of uncertainty and fear. Conclusions The nurses experienced challenges that included cultural differences, language differences, lack of cultural competence and meeting and being met by patients. Despite these challenges, the nurses were able to navigate different situations and use different strategies to overcome the challenges.

This thesis looks into cross-cultural music-making in higher education byexploring the plausible outcomes of the teaching of three Brazilian music teachers thatcame to a Swedish university to teach Brazilian music to Swedish students in theLinnaeus-Palme exchange project between the said university and a Brazilian universityin the 2010s. Through interviews the three Brazilian music teachers have given theirview of the teaching that took place, what they taught and why, and what methods theywere using. Comparing the answers to current literature, this thesis shows that there areboth musical gains that lead to musical maturity in working with new unknown materialwith insider teachers as well as gains in terms of cultural competence, a culturalawareness, when getting the chance to study with insider teachers that introduces thestudent to traditions and cultural values through the methods of their teaching. Culturalawareness is a useful competence when working in a multicultural society and aglobalized world, hence universities with music education should consider finding waysof letting students study with insider teachers.

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Bakgrund: Antalet människor som bor utanför sitt födelseland har ökat både i Sverige och globalt. Denna ökning av internationell rörlighet har medfört en ökad kulturell diversitet och mångfald inom våra samhällen. I detta sammanhang blir kulturell kompetens och personcentrerad vård alltmer viktiga, särskilt för sjuksköterskor som möter palliativa patienter med olika kulturella bakgrunder. Syftet: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av palliativ vård med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt, där det inkluderades 12 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ design. Databaserna som användes var Cinahl, Sociology database och Medline. Fribergs femstegsanalys användes för dataanalys. Resultat: Dataanalysen resulterade i 2 huvudteman: utmaningar som påverkar sjuksköterskans roll och kulturella anpassade strategier som bidrar till en god palliativ vård. Subteman som framkom är: språkbarriär och kommunikationssvårigheter, bristande kunskap inom kulturell kompetens, familjens roll, förståelse för olika kulturer, delaktighet och partnerskap, förbättrade kommunikationsfärdigheter. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor inom palliativ vård av patienter med en annan kulturell bakgrund upplever att det är viktigt att besitta kulturell kompetens i åtanke vid behandling av dessa patienter. Utmaningar som betonades av sjuksköterskor inkluderade familjens roll, bristande kulturell kompetens och språkbarriärer. Olika strategier för att hantera dessa utmaningar inkluderade att förstå olika kulturer, utveckla kommunikationsfärdigheter och skapa partnerskap som främjar patientens delaktighet. / Background: The number of people living outside their country of birth has increased both in Sweden and globally. This rise in international mobility has led to increased cultural diversity and multiculturalism within our societies. In this context, cultural competence and person-centered care become increasingly crucial, especially for nurses who encounter palliative patients with diverse cultural backgrounds. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe nurses' experiences to care for palliative patients with a different cultural background. Method: The study was conducted as a literature review, where 12 scientific articles with a qualitative design were included. The databases used were Cinahl, Sociology database and Medline. Friberg's five-step analysis was used for data analysis. Result: The data analysis resulted in 2 main themes: challenges that affect the nurse's role and culturally adapted strategies that contribute to good palliative care. The subthemes were: language barrier and communication difficulties, deepening knowledge in cultural competence, the role of the family, understanding of different cultures, participation and partnership, improved communication skills. Conclusion: In summary, nurses in palliative care of patients with a different cultural background felt that it is important to have cultural competence in mind when treating these patients. Challenges highlighted by nurses included the role of the family, lack of cultural competence and language barriers. Various strategies to address these challenges included understanding different cultures, developing communication skills, and creating partnerships that promote patient participation.