Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RooseveltBSF.pdf: 738768 bytes, checksum: 1b44c9904337b95af5a512f4d87db232 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-24 / This work consists in a study of the Shrimp Industry in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, whose central issue relates to the understanding of how the Triple Helix (University, Government and the productive sector) interrelationship limits or expands the industry s innovation process. The study aims to understand how the Triple Helix relationship interferes in the innovation process of shrimp in Rio Grande do Norte. As the knowledge becomes the resource key for production methods, the generation of new technologies, new products and processes which demands joint and integrated action of the institutions comprising the Triple Helix: University, Government and productive sector, which possess the essential resources to innovate the process and can be maximized from cooperative relationships between the referred Institutions. Thus, in this work, it was sharply used the pioneering studies of Sabato and Botana (1968) regarding the cooperation relationship between the scientific-technological sphere, the governmental and the productive base, and studies on the Triple Helix approach, proposed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000), in which the university has a key role in the process of technological and innovative development of countries and regions, and under which it is assigned to the very University - the character of the entrepreneurial institution, through the concept of entrepreneurial University. Aiming to overcome the criticism of Cooke (2005), regarding the limitations of the Triple Helix approach, in this study it was used - as analytical perspectives - the perspective of social immersion (Granovetter, 1985, 2005) and the theory of resources dependence (PFEFFER; SALANCIK, 1978). The analytical perspectives presented in here, despite of the different assumptions, are essential to eliminate the bias that one only approach can lead (ASTLEY; VAN DE VEM; 2007). The authors arguments focus on the fact that the integration is possible if the researcher acknowledged that different perspectives may have different descriptions of the same phenomenon. As a research strategy, this study is characterized as a study case, along with the proposed objectives - the qualitative method was used as an approach and, depending on the gathering of the sector s historical, a sectional longitudinal view approach was applied (VIEIRA, 2004). The primary and secondary data were used in order to understand the sector s evolutionary process and its inter-institutional relations - regarding the shrimp culture in Rio Grande do Norte - to promote the development, as the content was used for the technical analysis (BARDIN, 1977). The approach of social immersion and resources addiction dependence made it possible to understand that relationships are established within and between each sphere (university, government and productive sector) characterizing a network of low density relationships and strongly internal and external dependence. Based on the speech of Etzkowitz and Mello (2006), a successful Triple Helix strategy of innovation requires not only the involvement and commitment of the parts, within the institutional sphere and among them, but also the development of mechanisms to coordinate the multiple and complex interactions and interfaces, focusing on promoting both environment and context for innovation and learning; it can be acknowledge from study results that the shrimp in the State of the RN, although there are several institutional mechanisms to promote greater integration and technological development, has been presented disjointed - both internally and between the spheres - and under no legitimate practice when facing the innovational promotion and integration institutions. Due to those factors, the central institutions of the network are crucial to the promotion of innovations, spreading through their direct contacts the importance factor of the sustainable competitive activity in the world market and on the national level. However, it may be concluded, from the data, that the Triple Helix relations are interfering in a negative way on what concerns the promotion of innovations in the shrimp industry in RN / Este trabalho consiste em um estudo no setor carcinicultor do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, cuja quest?o central est? na compreens?o de como as rela??es inter-atores da Tr?plice H?lice (universidade, governo e setor produtivo) limitam ou ampliam o processo de inova??o no setor. O estudo tem como objetivo central compreender como as rela??es da Tr?plice H?lice interferem no processo de inova??o da carcinicultura norteriograndense. Na medida em que o conhecimento passa a ser o recurso essencial para os m?todos de produ??o, a gera??o de novas tecnologias, de novos produtos e novos processos demanda a a??o integrada e conjunta de atores que comp?em as esferas institucionais da Tr?plice H?lice: universidade, governo e setor produtivo; sob os quais residem os recursos essenciais para o processo de inova??o e podem ser maximizados a partir de rela??es cooperativas entre os atores. Para tanto, utilizou-se os estudos pioneiros de S?bato e Botana (1968) quanto a rela??o de coopera??o entre a esfera cient?fico-tecnol?gica, o governo e a base produtiva, e os estudos acerca da abordagem da Tr?plice H?lice, proposta por Etzkowitz e Leydesdorff (2000), na qual a universidade passa a ter um papel fundamental no processo do desenvolvimento tecnol?gico e inovativo de pa?ses e regi?es, e sob a qual lhe ? atribu?da o car?ter de institui??o empreendedora, atrav?s do conceito da universidade empreendedora. Como forma de superar as cr?ticas de Cooke (2005), quanto as limita??es da abordagem da Tr?plice H?lice, utilizou-se como perspectivas anal?ticas neste estudo a perspectiva da imers?o social (GRANOVETTER, 1985; 2005) e a teoria da depend?ncia de recursos (PFEFFER; SALANCIK, 1978). As perspectivas anal?ticas apresentadas neste estudo apesar de terem pressupostos diferentes s?o essenciais para que se possa eliminar os vieses que uma abordagem s? pode conduzir (ASTLEY; VAN DE VEM (2007). O argumento dos autores ? que a integra??o ? poss?vel se o pesquisador reconhecer que as diferentes perspectivas podem apresentar descri??es diferentes sobre um mesmo fen?meno. Como estrat?gia de pesquisa, este estudo se caracteriza como um estudo de caso, em conson?ncia com os objetivos propostos, utilizou-se como abordagem o m?todo qualitativo, e em fun??o do resgate dos marcos hist?rico do setor, utilizou-se uma abordagem seccional com perspectiva longitudinal (VIEIRA, 2004). Os dados prim?rios e secund?rios foram utilizados de forma a compreender o processo evolutivo do setor, bem como as rela??es inter-atores na carcinicultura do Rio Grande do Norte para a promo??o do desenvolvimento. Como t?cnica de an?lise, utilizou-se a de conte?do (BARDIN, 1977). A abordagem da Imers?o social e da Depend?ncia de Recursos permitiu compreender que as rela??es que se estabelecem dentro e entre cada esfera (universidade, governo e setor produtivo) caracterizam a rede com relacionamentos de baixa densidade e com uma forte rela??o de depend?ncia tanto internamente como externamente. Tomando por base o argumento de Mello e Etzkowitz (2006) de que o sucesso de uma estrat?gia de Tr?plice H?lice de inova??o necessita de envolvimento e compromisso dos atores dentro de cada esfera institucional e entre elas, como tamb?m do desenvolvimento de mecanismos para a coordena??o das m?ltiplas e complexas intera??es e interfaces para a promo??o de um ambiente e um contexto para a inova??o e aprendizagem, conclui-se a partir dos resultados apresentados que a carcinicultura do Estado do RN, apesar de possuir v?rios mecanismos institucionais para promover maior integra??o e o desenvolvimento tecnol?gico, tem se apresentado desarticulado tanto internamente quanto entre as esferas, e com pr?ticas nem sempre legitimadas perante atores por parte das institui??es de promo??o de inova??es e de integra??o. Dessa forma, os atores centrais da rede s?o cruciais para que a promo??o de inova??es, difundindo atrav?s dos contatos diretos a import?ncia do fator para a sustentabilidade competitiva da atividade no mercado mundial e nacional. Contudo, pode-se concluir a partir dos dados que as rela??es da Tr?plice H?lice vem interferindo de maneira negativa na promo??o de inova??es na carcinicultura do RN

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-14T20:26:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TieDiasDeFariasCoutinho_DISSERT.pdf: 3439557 bytes, checksum: d4786fefc96ed29f89d2141e7eea7f1e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-19T21:03:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TieDiasDeFariasCoutinho_DISSERT.pdf: 3439557 bytes, checksum: d4786fefc96ed29f89d2141e7eea7f1e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-19T21:03:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TieDiasDeFariasCoutinho_DISSERT.pdf: 3439557 bytes, checksum: d4786fefc96ed29f89d2141e7eea7f1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-31 / Esta investiga??o tem como objetivo mensurar e analisar, atrav?s do estudo das rela??es entre vari?veis demogr?ficas, econ?micas e sociais, no per?odo 2000 a 2010, considerando-se como espa?o geogr?ficos munic?pios que tenham em comum, uma taxa de urbaniza??o igual ou superior a 70% e uma popula??o total superior ou igual a 30 mil habitantes, divididos em tr?s grupos. Foi empreendida uma an?lise descritiva dos indicadores socioecon?micos comparativamente aos anos de 2000 e 2010 entre os tr?s grupos, enfatizando-se a rela??o entre sexo e idade. Estudou-se as rela??es entre a raz?o de depend?ncia, a taxa de atividade, o percentual de trabalhadores com carteira assinada e a taxa de desocupa??o com indicadores sociais, econ?micos e demogr?ficos atrav?s de t?cnicas estat?sticas de an?lise de regress?o m?ltipla. Fez-se uso das bases de micro dados dos Censos populacionais de 2000 e 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica (IBGE) e dos indicadores disponibilizados no Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano 2013 do Programa das Na??es Unidas (PNUD). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os tr?s grupos apresentam caracter?sticas populacionais semelhantes. As curvas das taxas de atividade para 2000 e 2010 apontam que a popula??o entre 20 e 45 anos possui as maiores taxas, destacando-se as taxas femininas, que aumentaram, enquanto as masculinas permaneceram inalteradas. Com a aplica??o do teste n?o param?trico de KolmogorovSmirnov, comparou-se as curvas das taxas de atividade constatando-se que o grupo dos munic?pios metropolitanos do interior se diferenciou dos demais. Pelos modelos de regress?o m?ltipla ajustados para as diversas combina??es de tempo e espa?o, verificou-se que o tamanho da popula??o do munic?pio n?o tem influ?ncia em nenhuma das vari?veis dependentes do estudo e que houve signific?ncia do ?ndice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDHM) em rela??o ?s vari?veis dependentes. Observou-se tamb?m que h? rela??o direta e significativa entre a taxa de atividade e a renda domiciliar per capita. Ademais, constatou-se um rela??o inversa entre o percentual de trabalhadores com carteira assinada e a desigualdade de renda, medida pelo ?ndice de Gini / This investigation aims at measuring and analyze through the study of the relation between the demographic, economic and social variables, in a period from 2000 to 2010, considering as geographical space municipalities that have in common urbanization rate equal or superior to 70% and total population equal or superior to 30 thousand inhabitants, divided into three groups. Then a descriptive analysis of the socioeconomic indicators was undertaken comparatively the years of 2000 and 2010 between the three groups, emphasizing the relation between gender and age. It was studied the relations between the dependence ratio, activity rate, the percentage of workers under an employment contract and the rates of lack of occupation with social, economic and demographic indicators are studied through statistic techniques of multiple regression analysis. For this purpose were used microdata basis of populational census of 2000 and 2010 from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica (IBGE) and from available indicators at Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano 2013 from Program das Na??es Unidas (PNUD). According to the obtained results, the three groups present similar population characteristics. The rates of activity curves for 2000 and 2010 indicate that the population of 20 and 45 years old has the highest rates highlighting the female rates that increased while the male ones have remained unchanged. With the application of nonparametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov compared the curves of the activity rates though there is was possible to establish that the group of metropolitan municipalities from the countryside differed from the other ones. By multiple regression models adjusted for the various combinations of time and space it soon became clear that the size of the municipal population has no influency on any of the dependent variables of the survey and that there is significance of the Human Development Index (IDH) relative to on the dependent variables. It is also noted has been established that there is a significant and direct relation between the activity rate and the home income. Furthermore, contacted was a inverse relationship between the percentage of workers under an employment contract is, the lower the income inequality, measured by the Gini index

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-10T22:28:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MikaelleKalineBezerraDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 2541653 bytes, checksum: 876e01a9cfee3a08a3a326bf68a54fef (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-17T19:36:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MikaelleKalineBezerraDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 2541653 bytes, checksum: 876e01a9cfee3a08a3a326bf68a54fef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T19:36:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MikaelleKalineBezerraDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 2541653 bytes, checksum: 876e01a9cfee3a08a3a326bf68a54fef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A partilha de alimentos ? uma pr?tica comum em pequenos agrupamentos principalmente entre parentes, comportamento evolutivo humano, abordado na ecologia humana como um redutor dos riscos a seguran?a alimentar. Dessa forma o estudo objetivou explicar o comportamento de partilha de alimentos entre fam?lias que vivem em uma vila de pescadores pertencente a Touros, RN, com alta depend?ncia dos recursos pesqueiros para economia, e nutri??o familiar, e que t?m as flutua??o ambientais como um redutor da capacidade de pesca. Para testar o comportamento de partilha de alimentos entre essas fam?lias foram testados modelos evolutivos de partilha como: sele??o de parentesco, altru?smo rec?proco, roubo tolerado e dist?ncia, para explicar as estrat?gias utilizadas pelas fam?lias da vila para reduzir os riscos nutricionais causados pelo decl?nio do sucesso de captura. Foram inseridas ao longo do estudo 32 fam?lia divididas em 2 grupos com 16 fam?lias cada: um dependente exclusivamente (DE) e outro n?o dependente exclusivamente (NDE) da pesca como atividade econ?mica. Atrav?s de um recordat?rio de 24 foras , durante 7 dias consecutivos ao m?s, durante 12 meses consecutivos entre setembro de 2011 ? agosto de 2012, fazendo um registro temporal de toda dieta, partilha e produ??o pesqueira das fam?lias. A dieta das fam?lias apresentou-se sob influ?ncia do comercio j? inserido na vila, aumentando o consumo de alimentos industrializados de baixa qualidade . Na partilha a entrada e sa?da de alimentos que subsidiam a car?ncia proteica principalmente em per?odos de declino pesqueiro no n?cleo familiar foi elevado.Dentre os modelos testados a exist?ncia do altru?smo rec?proco entre as fam?lias ? melhor respondeu as necessidades nutricionais das fam?lias, e a dist?ncia entre fam?lias influenciou mais que a rela??o de parentesco na escolha de parceiros para a partilha. / Food sharing is a common practice in small groups and it is understood by many authors as a behavior shaped by evolution, whose goals would be to decrease the risks of food shortage in harsher periods, to favor kin, and indirectly, favor one?s own individual fitness, to avoid conflicts, and even to establish alliances and partnerships. In this context, the current study describes the diet and investigates the food sharing behavior among families from an artisanal, but commercial, fishing village in the municipality of Touros, Rio Grande do Norte State (NE Brazil) with a high dependency on fishing resources affected by seasonal environmental fluctuations. The study was divided in two parts, here presented as two distinct chapters. For the first chapter, 32 families were sampled, after being divided in two groups of 16 families each: one exclusively dependent (FD) and another non-exclusively dependent on fisheries (NFD) as its main economic activity. The diet of these families was registered through the 24h- recall method along 10 consecutive days per month both in January (locally considered the most productive month for fisheries) and in June (considered the least productive month for fisheries). The diet and food sharing of the FD families were compared to the NFD for the high and low fisheries productivity period. This comparison showed that both groups, regardless of their dependence level on fisheries, have their diet and food sharing directly affected by the fisheries success. However, FD families tended to share slightly more food in periods of high productivity and they were also more subjected to a lower quality diet in periods of food shortage than NFD families. One of the likely explanations for such differences is the fact that FD families are more subjected to environmental unpredictability and sharing would help decrease such uncertainty. Such higher unpredictability associated to a consequent lower income would also explain the ingestion of lower nutritional quality food during shortage periods. For the second chapter, only the FD families were sampled, although in this case the sample took place along seven consecutive days per month during 12 months, between September 2011 and August 2012 (the three extra sampling days in January and June were not considered in this chapter), which allo wed the register of diet, food sharing and fisheries along the whole year. To investigate the food sharing behavior of these families, some evolutionary models were tested, such as kinship selection, reciprocal altruism, and tolerated theft (or tolerated scrounge), besides physical aspects that could indirectly support some of these models, such as geographical distance. These models were used with the intent of explaining the strategies used by these families in order to decrease the nutritional risks brought about by fisheries seasonal fluctuations. The results showed that FD families shared food mostly due to reciprocal altruism, and, secondarily due to the distance between households. Families tended to share more and more often with families that paid their favor back, but especially with those that were living geographically close. Despite the commercial insertion of this group, basal mechanisms, such as reciprocal altruism, still work, probably because the essential conditions for its continuation are still there, such as living in small groups and having repetitive interactions between cooperative pairs. This suggests that commerce, with all of its likely associated socioeconomic changes, is not necessarily a disruptor of evolutionary cooperation mechanisms (at least for reciprocal altruism), probably as long as other conditions, such as group size and constant interactions, are kept. As such, this study not only details how the diet and food sharing of coastal families are affected directly and indirectly by fisheries, but it also helps understand cooperation maintenance mechanisms regarding food sharing.

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / Text in Afrikaans / Until 1988, hearsay-evidence in our legal system was governed by common law. During this period resistance developed regarding the practice that hearsay which complied with certain exceptions could indeed be allowed. Case law excluded further exceptions being added. Legislation was enacted in 1988 in which hearsay was defined, a total exclusionary rule retained, but the Courts given a wide discretion to allow hearsay. Via this legislation a more accommodating stance towards hearsay was introduced. This dissertation aimed at measuring whether the legislation achieved its objectives and consisted of analysing case law and interviewing Judges and Advocates. The conclusion arrived at is that the legislation has only marginally changed the usage of hearsay in our legal system. The major obstacle lies in the attitude of practitioners who continue to distrust hearsay and do not utilize the mechanism provided by statute. / Tot en met 1988, is hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel gemeenregtelik beheer. In die tydperk bet besware egter geleidelik ontwikkel veral oor die gekunstelde wyse waarop hoorsê as aan bepaalde uitsonderings voldoen is wel toegelaat is. Regspraak het voorts ook bepaal dat geen verdere uitsonderings toegevoeg kon word nie. In 1988 is wetgewing uitgevaardig waarin hoorsê-getuienis omskryf word, 'n algehele uitsluitingsreel behou word maar aan die howe 'n wye diskresie verleen word om na oorweging van voorgeskrewe faktore, hoorsê wei toe te laat. Die oogmerk van hierdie wetgewing was om 'n meganisme daar te stel om soos by die civil regstelsels en sekere ander Iande, 'n meer toeskietlike houding jeens hoorsê te bewerkstellig. Hierdie verhandeling se hoofdoel was om te bepaal of die wetgewing in die doel geslaag bet. Om tot 'n bevinding te kom is regspraak ontleed, en is onderhoude gevoer beide met Regters en die Advokatuur. Die slotsom bereik dui daarop dat die wetgewing maar weinig verander bet in die gebruikmaking van hoorse-getuienis in ons regstelsel. Wat die wetgewing self betref, hoewel daar sekere besware te make is oor sekere bepalings, verskaf dit tog 'n bruikbare instrument. Die grootste struikelblok is gelee in die instelling van die praktisyns wat bly vasklou aan 'n gevestigde vrees vir hoarse en nie gebruikmaak van die nuwe geleentheid nou deur die wetgewing daargestel nie. / Law / LL.M.

本論文共一冊，計約十萬字，分六章十九節。 本論文基本上以「發展理論」、「台灣近代史」及「台灣鄉土小說」三者為立幹。申 言之，乃先論述「發展理論」中的依附議題，及有關台灣的研究；說艮鄉土小說對台 灣發展過程的有力反映；配合史實，引證有關的鄉土小說作品；最後，綜述作品表達 的現實，予以詮釋。 本論文研討範圍起自一八九五年日本治台時，終至目前；包括政治、經濟、社會文化 三層面。以期看出小說內容的演變、發展理論和小說的異同．．．等，尤其要在理論 研究、歷史記載之外，從鄉土小說這一媒介中來看台灣的發展課題。

Submitted by PPG Medicina e Ci?ncias da Sa?de (medicina-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-26T13:48:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINA_GARRIDO_ZINN_TES.pdf: 7131704 bytes, checksum: 554f552cadd232d7ef553c1f275476ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-29T11:25:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINA_GARRIDO_ZINN_TES.pdf: 7131704 bytes, checksum: 554f552cadd232d7ef553c1f275476ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-29T11:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINA_GARRIDO_ZINN_TES.pdf: 7131704 bytes, checksum: 554f552cadd232d7ef553c1f275476ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The social recognition memory (SRM) is crucial to reproduction, formation of social groups and species survival. It is well known that oxytocin, vasopressin, sexual hormones and the olfactory bulb are strongly involved in the formation of SEM. Despite its relevance, the involvement of neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NE) and histamine (HIS), as well as the brain structures basolateral amygdala (BLA) and CA1 region of dorsal hippocampus ? commonly known for their importance in consolidating and maintaining other types of memories ? remains unknown when concerning SRM. Therefore, the first part of this study aims to evaluate the participation of the D1/D5 dopaminergic, ?-adrenergic and H2 histaminergic receptors into BLA and CA1 on consolidation of SRM. For this, male Wistar adult rats (3 months) were submitted to the social discrimination task (SDT), which is based on the natural tendency of the rodents to explore the novelty. The adult animal was exposed to a juvenile (21 days) conspecific for 1 hour (training session) and 24 hours later to the juvenile previously met (familiar) and to a new juvenile during 5 minutes (test session), when the exploration time was measured. Pharmacological interventions took place immediately after the training session. We verified that the H2 histaminergic receptors are required to the consolidation of SRM both in CA1 and BLA. However, the activation of D1/D5 dopaminergic and ?-adrenergic receptors interferes in an opposite way in the two brain structures: D1/D5 receptors are required in CA1, but not in BLA for consolidation of MRS, whereas activation of ?-adrenergic receptors is indispensable in BLA, but not in CA1. Methylphenidate (MPH) is a drug widely used in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. It exerts its therapeutic effect by increasing levels of DA and NE in brain structures involved in the learning processes, such as prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Since DA and NE have opposite actions in MRS, we decided to evaluate the effect of MPH on the formation and recall of MRS, since this drug acts on the levels of both neurotransmitters and has been used for academic doping by healthy individuals. Using SDT, with pharmacological interventions at different times, we verified that: 1) MPH, administered acutely prior to the information acquisition, blocked SRM; 2) Blockade was reversed when the animals received MPH at the time of acquisition and retrieval, characterizing the phenomenon known as state dependency (SD) learning; 3) The SD is associated to the CPF, but not to CA1; 4) SD does not depend on CA1, since the increase of NE in CA1 impairs the retrieval of the SRM. In addition, we verified that the 21-day chronic treatment with MPH causes a greater persistence of MRS when a weaker training session is performed. Considering the obtained results, this work demonstrates that the hippocampus, the basolateral amygdala and the prefrontal cortex, modulated by the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, regulate the SRM processing. / A mem?ria de reconhecimento social (MRS) ? crucial ? reprodu??o, forma??o de grupos sociais e sobreviv?ncia das esp?cies. Sabe-se que a ocitocina, a vasopressina, os horm?nios sexuais e o bulbo olfat?rio t?m um forte envolvimento na forma??o da MRS. Apesar de sua relev?ncia, a participa??o de neurotransmissores, como dopamina (DA), noradrenalina (NA) e histamina (HIS), bem como das estruturas am?gdala basolateral (BLA) e regi?o CA1 do hipocampo (CA1) ? j? amplamente conhecidos pela sua import?ncia na consolida??o e manuten??o de outros tipos de mem?rias ? permanece desconhecido quanto ? MRS. Sendo assim, a primeira parte deste trabalho buscou avaliar a participa??o dos receptores D1/D5 dopamin?rgicos, ?-adren?rgicos e H2 histamin?rgicos na BLA e CA1 sobre a consolida??o da MRS. Para isso, ratos Wistar machos adultos (3 meses) foram submetidos a tarefa de discrimina??o social (TDS), que baseia-se na tend?ncia natural dos roedores de explorar a novidade. O animal adulto foi exposto a um juvenil (21 dias) coespec?fico por 1 hora (sess?o de treino) e 24 horas depois ao juvenil previamente encontrado (familiar) e a um novo juvenil durante 5 minutos (sess?o de teste), quando o tempo de explora??o foi medido. As interven??es farmacol?gicas ocorreram imediatamente ap?s a sess?o de treino. Verificou-se que os receptores H2 histamin?rgicos s?o necess?rios para a consolida??o da mem?ria tanto em CA1 quanto na BLA. Contudo a ativa??o dos receptores D1/D5 dopamin?rgicos e ?-adren?rgicos interfere de forma oposta nas duas estruturas cerebrais: os receptores D1/D5 s?o necess?rios em CA1, mas n?o na BLA para a consolida??o da MRS, enquanto a ativa??o dos receptores ?adren?rgicos ? indispens?vel na BLA, por?m n?o em CA1. O metilfenidato (MPH) ? um f?rmaco amplamente utilizado no tratamento do Transtorno do D?ficit de Aten??o e Hiperatividade. Exerce seu efeito terap?utico pelo aumento nos n?veis de DA e NA em estruturas cerebrais envolvidas nos processos de aprendizagem, como c?rtex pr?frontal (CPF) e hipocampo. Uma vez que a DA e a NA tem a??es opostas na MRS, decidimos avaliar o efeito do MPH sobre a forma??o e a evoca??o da MRS, j? que esta droga atua sobre os n?veis de ambos os neurotransmissores e tem sido utilizada como doping acad?mico por indiv?duos saud?veis. Utilizando a TDS, com as interven??es farmacol?gicas em diferentes momentos, verificamos que: 1) o MPH, administrado de forma sist?mica aguda previamente ? aquisi??o da informa??o, bloqueou a MRS; 2) O bloqueio foi revertido quando os animais receberam MPH no momento da aquisi??o e da evoca??o, caracterizando o fen?meno conhecido como depend?ncia de estado (DE); 3) A DE ? associada ao CPF, mas n?o a CA1; 4) A DE n?o depende de CA1, pois o aumento de NA em CA1 prejudica a evoca??o da MRS. Al?m disso, verificamos que o tratamento cr?nico de 21 dias com MPH causa uma maior persist?ncia da MRS, quando realizada uma sess?o de treino mais fraca. Considerando os resultados obtidos, este trabalho demonstra que o hipocampo, a am?gdala basolateral e o c?rtex pr?-frontal, modulados pelos sistemas dopamin?rgico e noradren?rgico, regulam o processamento da MRS.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Walter Educardo Granetto.pdf: 525530 bytes, checksum: 2fdd1c1f0f3d7f8f2031c3e31b532062 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-15 / Parenting practices are defined as mannering classrooms emitted by the parents which have the purpose to suppress undesirable behavior and stimulate the occurrence of proper behaviors on children (use of explanations, punishment or rewards). Thus, this work has as a goal describing parenting practices reported by the young people interned in a rehabilitation institute for chemical dependents and arguing, based in other researches, the possible contingency relations between parental practices and the participants behavior. Nine adolescents of both sexes, all of them single, between 17 and 21 years old, coming from biparental families, participated in this research. An identification file, containing information about the age and sex of the participants, their and the parental couple s scholarship and occupancy, the family income, the beginning of consuming psychoactive substances, the consummation of the last month before the internship and if there were former internships; a device (Familiar Interaction Quality Scales EQIF) and a semistructured interview were used for data acquisition. The results have showned that most part of the analysed sample was inserted in a family environment considered risky to the development of anti-social behavior, for they were parents that didn t use positive practices as the fatherhood involvment, efficient supervision and monitoring, dialogue with the children, but frequently negative practices, mainly verbal punishment and negative communication, thus characterizing an coercive family environment. The actual research has showned the importance of family, specially in parenting practices and in development of behavior problems on children, as drugs addiction. / As pr?ticas educativas parentais s?o definidas como classes comportamentais emitidas pelos pais que t?m o objetivo de suprimir comportamentos indesej?veis e incentivar a ocorr?ncia de comportamentos adequados nos filhos (uso de explica??es, de puni??es ou de recompensas). Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as pr?ticas parentais relatadas por jovens internados numa institui??o de recupera??o de dependentes qu?micos e discutir com base em outras pesquisas, as poss?veis rela??es de conting?ncia entre as pr?ticas parentais e o comportamento dos participantes. Participaram desta pesquisa nove adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, solteiros, com idades entre 17 a 21 anos, oriundos de fam?lias biparentais. Para obten??o dos dados foi utilizado ficha de identifica??o contendo dados sobre a idade e sexo dos participantes, a escolaridade e ocupa??o dos sujeitos e do casal parental, a renda familiar, o inicio de consumo de subst?ncias psicoativas, o consumo no ?ltimo m?s que antecedeu a interna??o e se houveram interna??es anteriores; um instrumento (Escalas de Qualidade de Intera??o Familiar EQIF) e uma entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos participantes da amostra estudada estava inserida em um ambiente familiar de risco para o desenvolvimento de condutas anti-sociais, pois eram pais que n?o utilizavam pr?ticas positivas como o envolvimento paterno, supervis?o e monitoria eficazes e di?logo com os filhos, mas utilizavam freq?entemente pr?ticas negativas, principalmente a puni??o verbal e a comunica??o negativa, caracterizando assim um ambiente familiar coercitivo. A presente pesquisa demonstrou a import?ncia da fam?lia, em especial das pr?ticas educativas, no desenvolvimento de problemas de comportamento nos filhos como o uso e depend?ncia de drogas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco de Assis Junior.pdf: 466932 bytes, checksum: 77bc17486310faf16e09503641ce6ed6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-04 / The purpose of this research is to analyze the development of the capacity for having faith, substantiating it upon D.J. Winnicott s doctrine. The psychoanalyst theory proposed by this author regards that the maturity is a process that steps from the absolute initial dependency to the relative independence during matureness, considering that human nature is driven on by two basic tendencies: the necessity for being and the inborn tendency to the integration. It s during that process development that it develops the capacity for having faith, the meeting with itself (self) and I s constitution (like an unity identity), all fruits of an integration process trodden in this line of being continuous, that musts being supported by the environment. Winnicott identifies the emergence capacity for having faith at the moment of the crossing from the absolute dependence to the relative dependence, in what he emphasizes, as essential, the relation mother-baby, as prototype of the relation with the general environment, is from the observer s viewpoint, is from the baby s viewpoint. In this sense, the development of this research s line intends to throw light on what Winnicott wrote directly about the capacity for having faith, associating it with the capacity for being spontaneous and for creating, relating it with the illusion and disillusionment question in maturity s initial stages, as like with the transicionality stage, in especial, conditioning it at the relation of reliability on the environment. At last, in the conclusive part of this study, one intends suggest that such understandings may aid in the psychological aspects comprehension let in for complex phenomenons relative to live and express way the religious faith, overcoat in respect of Pentecostal phenomenon in the Catholic Church. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento da capacidade de ter f?, fundamentando-a na doutrina de D. W. Winnicott. A teoria psicanal?tica proposta por este autor considera que o amadurecimento ? um processo que caminha da depend?ncia inicial absoluta para a independ?ncia relativa na maturidade, considerando que a natureza humana ? impulsionada por duas tend?ncias b?sicas: a necessidade de ser e a tend?ncia inata ? integra??o. ? no desenvolvimento deste processo que se desenvolve a capacidade para ter f?, o encontro com o si mesmo (self) e a constitui??o do Eu (como uma identidade unit?ria), todos frutos de um processo de integra??o trilhado nesta linha da continuidade de ser, que deve ser sustentada pelo ambiente. Winnicott identifica o surgimento da capacidade de ter f? no momento da passagem da fase da depend?ncia absoluta para a depend?ncia relativa, nas quais enfatiza, como fundamental, a rela??o m?e-beb?, como prot?tipo da rela??o com o ambiente em geral, seja do ponto de vista do observador seja do ponto de vista do beb?. Neste sentido, a linha de desenvolvimento desta pesquisa pretende explicitar o que Winnicott escreveu diretamente sobre a capacidade de ter f?, associando-a com a capacidade de ser espont?neo e de criar, relacionando-a com a quest?o da ilus?o e desilus?o nas fases iniciais do amadurecimento, bem como com a fase da transicionalidade, em especial, condicionando-a ? rela??o de confiabilidade no ambiente. Ao final, na parte conclusiva deste estudo, pretende-se sugerir que tais entendimentos podem auxiliar na compreens?o dos aspectos psicol?gicos envolvidos em fen?menos complexos relativos aos modos de viver e expressar a f? religiosa, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao fen?meno do pentecostalismo na religi?o cat?lica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE OLIVEIRA SILVA.pdf: 630390 bytes, checksum: aff85d8a1d3ee76ffaea477c6649a80c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09 / This research aims at investigating psychoanalytically a psychologist's role at a baby shelter, taking into consideration that environmental care is paramount in the early stages of human development. It discusses a problem that proves relevant from clinical, psychosocial and ethical perspectives, since it focuses on the future and well-being of dependent humans who are part of the next generation. Research was based on an operationalization strategy of the psychoanalytical method for empirical research. Our object of study is the experience of working directly with babies in institutional shelters, and this experience was registered in the form of a autobiographic transferential narrative written after the experience, and which included not only facts, but also countertransferential impact and the researcher's reflections. The narrative was then psychoanalytically interpreted as means of allowing the interpretative production of two affective-emotional or subconscious meaning fields: "Helping" and "Hindering". There was a movement between these two fields as the psychologist intervened with direct care, failing to meet institutional expectations which included a fantasy of dealing with the issues without affecting the institution's routine and the idea that concrete problems would be dealt with comprehensively. This movement is analyzed reflexively using Winnicott's concept of failure, a possible occurrence that contains both rights and wrongs. In conclusion, the paradoxical nature of this work might help expand the understanding of the limits and the range of the psychologist's role in the field of social work in general and, more specifically, in the care of shelter babies. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar psicanaliticamente a inser??o do psic?logo em abrigo institucional que atende beb?s, a partir do reconhecimento de que a provis?o de cuidados ambientais, nas fases iniciais do desenvolvimento humano, ? fundamental. Incide sobre problema relevante desde perspectivas cl?nicas, psicossociais e ?ticas, na medida em que se articula a partir de preocupa??o como bem estar e futuro de pessoas dependentes que integrar?o as pr?ximas gera??es. O trabalho organizou-se ao redor de uma estrat?gia de operacionaliza??o do m?todo psicanal?tico para realiza??o de pesquisas emp?ricas. O acontecer cl?nico constituiu-se a partir de experi?ncia de trabalho direto com beb?s em abrigos institucionais, que foi registrada sob a forma de uma narrativa transferencial de car?ter autobiogr?fico. A elabora??o do texto narrativo deu-se posteriormente ? experi?ncia, incluindo tanto ocorr?ncias fatuais como impactos contratransferenciais e reflex?es do psic?logo/pesquisador. A seguir, a narrativa foi interpretada psicanaliticamente, permitindo a produ??o interpretativa de dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional ou inconscientes relativos: Solucionando e Atrapalhando . Ficou constatado um tr?nsito entre campos, que certamente deriva da interven??o do psic?logo, que, ao assumir cuidados diretos, deixa de atender ?s expectativas institucionais, tanto no registro fantasioso de solucionar a quest?o sem afetar as rotinas, como no sentido de n?o lidar de modo compreensivo com as dificuldades concretas. O trabalho finaliza com interlocu??es reflexivas, que focalizam o tr?nsito entre campos para pens?-lo como falha no sentido winnicottiano do termo, vale dizer, como o acontecer poss?vel, que cont?m em si, simultaneamente, acertos e desacertos. Conclui-se que, por sua via paradoxal, aqui se completa uma produ??o que pode contribuir significativamente para uma maior compreens?o dos limites e alcances da atua??o do psic?logo no campo da assist?ncia social em geral e, mais especificamente, no campo do cuidado a beb?s abrigados.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:21:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 410377.pdf: 702815 bytes, checksum: cdb23b05beb5d88372056057acc1dbfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-13 / As pessoas que apresentam um baixo repert?rio de habilidades sociais demonstram dificuldades de enfrentar situa??es e de serem assertivas. Essas pessoas buscam no uso de subst?ncias psicoativas uma forma de se tornarem mais soci?veis e com um poder maior de intera??o social. Tabagistas que apresentam baixa compet?ncia social, situa??es de estresse, enfrentamento de situa??es de risco, baixa auto-estima e ansiedade tendem a usar o cigarro para enfrentar a vida di?ria, press?es e conflitos. Este estudo teve o objetivo de verificar a associa??o entre habilidades sociais em tabagistas e n?o tabagistas a partir da compreens?o dos comportamentos de intera??o social. Esta disserta??o compreende dois estudos: uma revis?o te?rica e um estudo emp?rico. No primeiro estudo realizou-se uma revis?o sobre habilidades sociais e tabagismo atrav?s de buscas nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Psycinfo e EBSCO entre o per?odo de 1998 a 2008. Os descritores utilizados foram: social skills, social competence, assertiveness, tobacco, cigarette, nicotine and drug abus. Os descritores nas bases de l?ngua portuguesa foram: habilidades sociais, treinamento em habilidades sociais, assertividade, tabaco, nicotina e subst?ncias psicoativas. Encontrou-se na literatura pesquisas, em sua maioria de l?ngua inglesa, apontando principalmente d?ficit em habilidades sociais como fator de risco ao in?cio do consumo. Tamb?m foram encontrados artigos sobre tabagistas que apresentavam dificuldade em serem assertivos para resistir ao cigarro e dizer n?o, al?m disso, estudos mostram que o Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais tem sido eficaz no tratamento para cessa??o do tabagismo. O estudo emp?rico objetivou avaliar as habilidades sociais em tabagistas e comparar seu desempenho com n?o tabagistas. Foram utilizados 5 instrumentos nessa avalia??o: ficha de dados s?cio-demogr?ficos, Teste de Fagerstrom, Invent?rio de Habilidades Sociais IHS; Cuestin?rio de Interacion Social- CISOA-82 e Invent?rios de Ansiedade e de Depress?o de Beck - BAI e BDI. O total da amostra constitui-se de 182 sujeitos, sendo 90 tabagistas e 92 n?o tabagistas, com idades entre 20 e 60 anos e escolaridade m?nima de 5? s?rie do ensino fundamental. Foi um estudo quantitativo, transversal, observacional, de compara??o entre dois grupos. Os achados mostraram diferen?as significativas na avalia??o da presen?a de sintomas de ansiedade, com maiores preju?zos no grupo de tabagistas (p=0,006). Em rela??o ? avalia??o da presen?a de d?ficits nas habilidades sociais, os resultados do presente estudo constataram que houve diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos. Estas diferen?as foram encontradas em rela??o ao fator 5 autocontrole da agressividade (p=0,052) do IHS, ao fator 4- intera??o com desconhecidos (p=0,018) e o fator 5- estar em evid?ncia (p=0,029) do CISOA-82, nos quais o grupo de tabagistas apresentou um desempenho mais prejudicado. Este estudo conclui que tabagistas apresentam mais dificuldades nas habilidades sociais comparados a n?o tabagistas. As ?reas mais deficit?rias est?o relacionadas ? maior dificuldade de interagir com desconhecidos, mal estar em ser o centro das aten??es, a inabilidade em lidar com os sentimentos e rea??es de agressividade gerados em situa??es sociais.