Contar histórias faz parte da prática jornalística, e o storytelling digital possibilita a construção de histórias elaboradas para o ambiente digital. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo investigar como a revista Época – pioneira no uso do suporte digital no Brasil – conta histórias no tablet. Para isso, levam-se em consideração os contornos conceituais de revista nesse contexto, a partir de características do meio impresso e do meio digital, partindo de apontamentos de autores como Benetti (2013), Scalzo (2011) e Cunha (2011), e de tipologias de produto jornalístico em formato digital, conforme categorias citadas por Pellanda (2012), Souza (2013), Canavilhas (2014) e, sobretudo, Dourado (2013). Há, então, uma observação sobre as partes gerais de storytelling, de acordo com Pinto (2012), associadas ao uso de estruturas para revistas no tablet, conforme aponta Garcia (2012), e elementos digitais, segundo Silvia e Anzur (2011). Para alcançar o objetivo estabelecido, foi elaborada uma ficha de observação que baliza o estudo das sete edições publicadas no ano de 2014 que apresentam capa e matéria de capa com recursos dinâmicos e multimídia. Nos resultados obtidos, consta contribuição das partes, das estruturas e dos elementos de storytelling digital para o aprofundamento de temas, a contextualização de informações e a experiência com a história. / Storytelling is part of journalistic practice, and the digital storytelling enables the construction of stories prepared for the digital environment. This dissertation aims to investigate how the magazine Época - pioneered the use of digital media in Brazil - tells stories on the tablet. For this, it is taken into account the revised conceptual contours about magazine in this context, from characteristics of the print media and digital media, following authors like Benetti (2013), Scalzo (2011) and Cunha (2011), and of journalistic product types in digital format, as quoted categories by Pellanda (2012), Souza (2013), Canavilhas (2014) and, above all, Dourado (2013). Then, there is an observation about the general parts of storytelling, according to Pinto (2012), associated with the use of structures for magazines on the tablet, as shown by Garcia (2012), and digital elements, according to Silvia and Anzur (2011). To achieve the goal, it was established an observation sheet that has been made to the study of the seven editions published in 2014 presenting cover and cover story with dynamic and multimedia features. In the results, there is contribution of parts, structures and digital storytelling elements to deepen themes, the contextualization of information and experience with the story.

O Jornalismo em Quadrinhos (JQ) é uma forma relativamente recente de se fazer jornalismo, no entanto tem tradição e configuração próprias. A internet expande as possibilidades de produção e publicação do JQ, de modo que, no meio virtual, essas iniciativas se multiplicam. Essa pesqui-sa tem o objetivo de identificar e analisar os elementos que caracterizam o jornalismo em qua-drinhos na web através da experiência do site Cartoon Movement – um portal internacional, colaborativo e independente que publica cartuns políticos e jornalismo em quadrinhos. Para apreender o site de forma mais completa, nossa análise se configura em três esferas: institucio-nal, comercial e editorial. Para as duas primeiras, analisamos as principais seções com conteúdo não-jornalístico (Home, Newsroom, Cartoons, Comics e Projects); para a terceira, estabelece-mos um corpus para a análise de conteúdo a partir das reportagens em quadrinhos publicadas pelo CM. Nossos achados indicam que as principais características encontradas em nosso objeto - autonomia, defesa dos valores do jornalismo, multiplicidade de vozes, colaboração e interna-cionalização - são possibilitadas pela relação interdependente entre as esferas institucional, co-mercial e editorial na organização do site. / Comics Journalism (CJ) is a relatively recent way of reporting news, though it has its own tradi-tions and configuration. The Internet expands the possibilities of production and publication for CJ works, so that in virtual media these initiatives tend to multiply. This research aims to identi-fy and analyze the defining elements of online Comics Journalism through the Cartoon Move-ment (CM) website. CM is an international, independent and collaborative platform for the pub-lication of political cartoons and comics journalism. In order to better capture the website as a whole, our analysis is divided into three stages: the institutional, the commercial and the editori-al. The two first stages deal with the main sections of the site, Home, Newsroom, Cartoons, Comics and Projects; for the third one, we apply content analysis to the comics reports pub-lished on the website. Our findings indicate that the main characteristics observed in our object – independence, promotion of journalistic values, diversity of voices, collaborative prodution and internationalization – are only possible thanks to the interdependent relation between the editorial, the institutional and the commercial aspects in the organization of the website.

O avanço da internet e o consequente surgimento de aplicações para a web nas últimas duas décadas vêm permitindo inovações constantes e profundas em vários setores da economia, incluindo o do jornalismo. As empresas desse segmento vêm experimentando uma profunda transformação no ambiente de negócios, que desorganizou seu antigo modelo de produção e distribuição de notícias e também sua fórmula de geração de receita. Este trabalho realizou um estudo de casos múltiplos para investigar como duas empresas jornalísticas nascidas na internet -- os sites O Antagonista e Nexo Jornal -- alteraram seus modelos de negócios com o passar do tempo na tentativa de garantir sua sobrevivência e prosperidade. As entrevistas realizadas com sócios-fundadores e colaboradores das companhias revelaram quais foram as principais transformações promovidas e ainda quais os componentes do modelo de negócios envolvidos nesses movimentos. Também foram encontradas evidências que ajudam a compreender como essas empresas trabalharam para garantir a execução das transformações pretendidas: os resultados mostram que uma das corporações se apoiou na aquisição e atração de recursos externos, enquanto a outra reaproveitou recursos próprios. As diferentes escolhas parecem ter sido determinadas em alguma medida pela estrutura e pelos recursos de que as companhias dispunham antes de promoverem as mudanças. Também há semelhanças: ambas se apoiaram, em alguma medida, no método de inovação aberta para avançar. O trabalho também investigou a estrutura da gestão do conhecimento e sua relação com a transformação do modelo de negócios, reunindo evidências de que as empresas investigadas ainda são carentes nesse aspecto. / The advancement of the internet and the consequent emergence of web applications over the last two decades has allowed constant and deep innovations in various sectors of the economy, including journalism. Companies in this segment have been experiencing a profound transformation in the business environment, which has disrupted their old model of production and distribution of news and also their formula of revenue generation. This work has conducted a multi-case study to investigate how two digital native news companies -- O Antagonista e Nexo Journal -- have altered their business models over time in an attempt to ensure their survival and prosperity. The interviews carried out with founding members and company collaborators revealed the main transformations promoted and also the components of the business model involved in these movements. Evidences found also help to understand how these companies have worked to ensure that the desired transformations were carried out: the findings show that one of the corporations relied on the acquisition and attraction of external resources while the another reused its own resources. Different choices seem to have been determined to some extent by the structure and resources available to the companies before promoting changes. There are also similarities: both supported, to some extent, the method of open innovation to move forward. This research also investigated the structure of knowledge management and its relation with the transformation of the business model, gathering evidence that companies are still in need in this aspect.

Esta tese é um estudo teórico sobre como o formato serve de estrutura para as linguagens digitais, que são escritas com o signo informático. Usamos as ferramentas teóricas da Semiótica da Cultura para explorar esta hipótese com os textos digitais de informação jornalística. A noção do design é central para a compreensão dos nossos argumentos, no sentido de que o design é que torna a operação da escrita digital possível. Isso ocorre pela sua capacidade em atribuir modelos para as diversas ordens de códigos envolvidos no processamento informático de síntese. Temos a perspectiva de que o Jornalismo Digital de Bases de Dados (JDBD) é um texto da cultura que se atualiza tendo como princípios a representação numérica, modularidade, automatização, variabilidade e transcodificação. Seu limite são os bits, ou números. Discutimos também a noção de delimitação do texto jornalístico, considerada necessária em tempos de dúvidas sobre o campo. Fazemos um resgate sobre a importância da noção de formato para o campo do jornalismo e fundamentamos que as narrativas digitais, elaboradas com as linguagens digitais, se apresentam a nós como formatos. Para nos apropriarmos da teoria e aplicarmos os conceitos na prática, sugerimos duas matrizes para a geração de formatos jornalísticos. Tal condição de escrita gera novas condições práticas para o ensino e a sobrevivência do jornalismo. Finalmente, buscamos nesta pesquisa uma visão estrutural, e não circunstancial, sobre as linguagens, as narrativas e a escrita digitais. / This thesis is a theoretical study on how the format structures the digital languages, which are written with the informatics sign. We used the theoretical tools of the Semiotics of Culture to explore this hypothesis with the digital text of journalistic information. The notion of design is central to the comprehension of our arguments, in the sense that the design is what makes the operation of digital writing possible. This is due to its ability to assign models to the different sort of codes involved in the informatic processing of synthesis. We have the prospect that the Database Digital Journalism (DBDJ) is a text of culture that is updated having as principles the numerical representation, the modularity, the automatization, the variability and the transcoding. Its limits are the bits or numbers. We also discuss the notion of delimitation of the journalistic text, considered necessary in times of doubt about the field. We do a rescue on the importance of the concept of format to the field of journalism and we support that digital narratives, developed with the digital languages, are presented to us as formats. In order to appropriate the theory and apply the concepts in practice, we suggest two sources for the generation of journalistic formats. Such writing condition generates new conditions for teaching practices and the survival of journalism. Finally, we aim in this research a structural, not circumstantial, view about the languages, the narratives and the digital writing.

El internet ha generado una serie de cambios en el trabajo periodístico que ha llevado a muchos a preguntarse si el producto informativo de los medios son de calidad, principalmente porque en los medios digitales impera, muchas veces, la exigencia de la inmediatez sobre el trabajo básico del periodista: seleccionar el hecho noticioso, corroborar la información, buscar fuentes adicionales que acerque a la audiencia a la comprensión del hecho noticioso abordado y construir responsablemente la publicación. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad identificar el nivel de cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad periodística propuestos por Lorenzo Gomis y el VAP-UC en los medios digitales de IDL Reporteros, El Comercio y La República. Se decidió someter a evaluación las notas periodísticas que desarrollaron los tres medios a partir de una serie de screenshots del chat “La Botica” que cada medio obtuvo en exclusiva. La investigación parte de la premisa de que los chats, como fuente de información, son parte de la vida privada de las personas y que su exposición no solo debería estar justificada sino bien argumentada en el producto periodístico. / The internet has generated a series of changes in journalistic work, mainly because of one factor: time. Journalists have to select the news event, corroborate the information, find additional sources to contextualize the case and build a responsable publication in a shorter time than ever, because of the digital media which demands immediacy. That´s why, many researchers has wondered if the media's informative product fulfills quality standards. The cuestion borns in a digital media times, where immediacy can be considered more important than publish a deeper or complete contextualization of the news. This research will identify in which level the digital media of IDL Reporters, El Comercio and La República fulfills the standards of journalistic quality proposed by Lorenzo Gomis and the VAP-UC. The nine publications selected has been built from a principal source of information: a series of screenshots of La Botica’s chat, that each media obtained exclusively. The investigation is based on the premise that chats, as a source of information, are part of people's private life and their publication should not only be justified also well argued in the journalistic product. / Tesis

Traditional news providers struggle to reach young millennials. Current research states that one reason for this is the growing divergence between news providers’ current online news presentation and how young millennials want news to be presented online. To explore possible ways to avoid a further growth of this so-called news gap, this study explored how young millennials like news to be presented online. For this purpose, generative sessions and semi-structured interviews were conducted within the framework of a co-design study with a service design approach. The results showed that there are three critical factors in online news presentation, which are trust, balanced opinion and time efficiency. Further, the results showed that features such as multimedia options or interactive infographics are ways of online news presentation that the participants would like to see more in online news offers. The results of this thesis were also presented in a prototype in the form of a digital application. The prototype makes the results more practical in order to support news providers in the practical implementation of the suggested steps.

En el presente trabajo se realizará un análisis a profundidad de las percepciones de jóvenes y adultos en el consumo del diario La República. Basados en la historia del medio se identificó la evolución de sus plataformas de la versión escrita a la versión digital. Para definir las percepciones, dicho estudio se basó en la realización de encuestas, entrevistas y dos sesiones de grupos focales. Mediante una guía de entrevista se estructuro la recopilación de información y la comparación de los datos obtenidos. Los principales resultados demuestran un cambio generacional en la preferencia de consumo de jóvenes y adultos. Así, como los cambios y similitudes que muestran sus plataformas en la elaboración de la noticia, las practicas del periodismo tradicional evolucionan a la web. Para llegar a esta conclusión se realizó un análisis de conceptos en relación con la convergencia del medio y una comparación entre los comentarios de los participantes y lo encontrado en la presente investigación. / This paper will carry out an in-depth analysis of the perceptions of young people and adults in the consumption of the newspaper La República. Based on the history of the medium, the evolution of its platforms from the written version to the digital version was identified. To define perceptions, this study was based on conducting surveys, interviews, and two focus group sessions. Through an interview guide, the collection of information and the comparison of the data obtained were structured. The main results demonstrate a generational change in the consumption preference of youth and adults. Thus, like the changes and similarities that their platforms show in the production of the news, the practices of traditional journalism evolve to the web. To reach this conclusion, a concept analysis was carried out in relation to the convergence of the medium and a comparison between the comments of the participants and what was found in the present investigation. / Trabajo de investigación

[pt] Este estudo trata de como as métricas de audiência associadas às práticas de SEO impactam as rotinas de produção em jornalismo. No contexto da plataformização, o jornalismo está cada vez mais dependente de métricas e regras que são definidas, estruturadas, vigiadas e checadas por grandes companhias de processamento de dados e tecnologia. Desta maneira, esta pesquisa tratou de entender os conceitos de métrica e de audiência no jornalismo digital para explicar os processos impostos às rotinas produtivas para que as notícias sejam meios de promoção de resultados de crescimento de audiência. Além disso, sobre SEO, foram trabalhados o conceito e as práticas para que as regras de ranqueamento de conteúdos pudessem ser analisadas junto com as consequências que essas regras impõem às rotinas de produção em jornalismo. Esta tese tem a Economia Política da Comunicação como subcampo de pesquisa e, portanto, examinamos as relações sociais que compõem as práticas jornalísticas ligadas às métricas de audiência no contexto do capitalismo. Os principais referenciais teóricos desta pesquisa são MARX (1983, 2013). BOLANO (2000, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2017), GILLESPIE (2018), HEINRICH (2011), MEIJER (2019, 2021) e ZUBOFF (2020). Para análise, foram realizadas 68 entrevistas exploratórias e, posteriormente, seis entrevistas em profundidade. Como indicações conclusivas, esta tese defende a regulação da indústria de dados sobre as operações no mercado de notícias e também colocamos como proposta a discussão da ética do algoritmo do Google. / [en] This study deals with how audience metrics associated with SEO practices impact production routines in journalism. In the context of plataformization, journalism is increasingly dependent on metrics and rules that are defined, structured, monitored, and checked by large data processing and technology companies. Thus, this research sought to understand the concepts of metric and audience in digital journalism to explain the processes imposed on production routines so that news can be means of promoting audience growth results. Additionally, on SEO, the concept and practices were worked on so that content ranking rules could be analyzed along with the consequences these rules impose on production routines in journalism. This thesis has Political Economy of Communication as a research subfield and, therefore, we examine the social relations that make up journalistic practices related to audience metrics in the context of capitalism. The main theoretical references of this research are MARX (1983, 2013), BOLANO (2000, 2002, 2004, 2014), DUFFY (2020), GILLESPIE (2018), HEINRICH (2011), MEIJER (2019, 2021), PETRE (2015, 2021), TANDOC JR. (2014, 2017, 2019), and ZUBOFF (2020). For analysis, 68 exploratory interviews were conducted, followed by six in-depth interviews. As conclusive indications, this thesis advocates for the regulation of the data industry on news market operations and also proposes the discussion of Google s algorithm ethics.

The rise of email newsletters as a popular means of engaging audiences has transformed the landscape of journalism and news dissemination. Marketers and news organisations alike have recognised the potential of newsletters as an effective way to reach and engage with their audiences. This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of this growing phenomenon by exploring the motivations behind news consumers accessing news via newsletters and then identifying patterns of user behaviour.   Legacy media outlets, such as The New York Times and Axios, have also adopted newsletters to enhance audience engagement and generate revenues. Email newsletters, unlike traditional newspapers, often focus on specific topics or niches, demanding regular, high-quality content for success. Despite the significant growth of newsletter journalism, academic research on the phenomenon and users' behaviour remains limited. The study seeks to address this gap by applying the uses and gratification theory, which suggests that people consume media for various purposes, including entertainment, education, and information. By conducting a survey and interviews among European newsletter readers, the research aims to begin to understand the motivations driving news consumers to subscribe to newsletters and identify typical consumption patterns. The exploratory study found that personal and cognitive needs play significant roles in motivating newsletter readers, while social and affective needs may have less influence.   In conclusion, this thesis contributes to the understanding of changes in online news consumption by shedding light on the motivations behind news consumers' preference for newsletters and their behaviour in this evolving digital landscape. Understanding users' needs and expectations is essential for journalists and news organisations to adapt and thrive in today’s dynamic media environment.

This thesis explores how journalists and managers at Nordic public service organizations perceive successful news reporting through third-party social media. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of digital platform dependencies among public service organizations. Previous research has conceptualized digital journalistic epistemologies and examined specific methods of news production on platforms, highlighting concerns about journalistic autonomy in spaces influenced by third-party interests. This thesis employs a qualitative, exploratory approach to investigate the social media strategies and understandings of success at Nordic public service media organizations YLE, SVT, NRK, RÚV, and DR. Through semi-structured interviews, the study reveals an ongoing negotiation between editorial objectives and platform logics in social media news reporting. Journalists view success as engaging with the target audience, while managers emphasize credibility and relevance in a shifting media landscape. Further, the perceptions of journalists and managers are compared, highlighting a possible negotiation between the managerial and operational levels. The study revisits public service media news-making in a Nordic context, contributing to the fields of digital journalism studies and digital platform studies.