Este trabalho discutiu a relação entre o espaçamento inter-estrias , isto é, a taxa de propagação da trinca microscópica SL (local) e SP (projetada) e a taxa de propagação macroscópica , da/dN, obtido após o ensaio de propagação de trinca por fadiga. Corpos de prova compacto C(T) foram extraídos na orientação LT do centro de uma placa laminada de liga de alumínio SAE-AMS 7475 T7351 onde posteriormente foram realizados ensaios de fadiga sob carga ou &#916K constantes, à temperatura ambiente de acordo com a Norma ASTM-E647 (1993). Para o ensaio sob carga constante foram obtidos os dados do estágio II e III da curva da/dN vs. &#916K. Para o ensaio de fadiga sob &#916K constante, quatro níveis de &#916K foram utilizados com taxas de crescimento de trinca variando entre 0,15 à 2,4 &#956m/ciclo. Adicionalmente foram realizados ensaios de tenacidade à fratura, KIC nas direções LT e TL conforme a Norma ASTM-E1820 (1999). A análise fratográfica por microscopia eletrônica de varredura foi conduzida no ensaio de fadiga a &#916K constante para determinar os espaçamentos inter-estrias. As taxas de propagação macroscópica e microscópica foram comparadas e boas correlações foram obtidas para um intervalo entre 0,1 a 1,0 &#956m/ciclo. Através da técnica proposta por Berkovitz (1995), o espectro de carregamento foi estimado através da técnica de parametrização do fator K e os resultados foram comparados ao espectro de carregamento real imposto pela máquina de ensaio. Utilizando o espaçamento inter-estrias local, SL, e para valores de &#916K menores que 23 MPam 1/2 (região de Paris), a estimativa de carregamento exibiu um erro menor que 15%. As vidas estimadas em propagação fornecidas pelas taxas microscópicas de propagação de trinca foram comparadas à vida real de propagação obtida a partir da taxa de propagação de trinca macroscópica e o erro absoluto entre ambos os valores foi menor que 15,7 %. Estes resultados sugerem que a vida em fadiga e o espectro de carga podem ser adequadamente estimados utilizando o espaçamento inter-estrias local, SL. / This work discusses the relationship between striation spacing, i.e. the microscopic crack propagation rate, SL (local) e SP (projected), as measured in post-mortem fractographic inspection of fatigue fractured surfaces, and the macroscopic crack propagation rate, da/dN, as monitored during fatigue crack growth tests. Compact tensile specimens C(T) were extracted in LT orientation from the core of a laminated plate of a SAE-AMS 7475-T7351 Al alloy and subsequently fatigue tested either at constant load or at constant &#916K, at room temperature, according to ASTM-E647. For constant amplitude loading fatigue tests, da/dN- &#916K data points were obtained for Regions II and III of crack growth curve. For constant &#916K fatigue tests, four &#916K levels were selected to give crack growth rates typically ranging from 0.15 to 2.4 &#956m/cycle. Additionally, KIC fracture toughness tests were performed in both LT and TL directions, according to ASTM E1820. SEM fractographic analysis was conducted on constant &#916K fatigue specimens, in order to determine striation spacing created during the fatigue test. Macro- and microscopic crack growth rates were compared and good correlation have been obtained for data within the range from 0,1 to 1,0 &#956m/ciclo. Using the technique proposed by Berkovitz, loading history was estimated by the K-factor parametrization and the results were compared to the true loading spectrum imposed by the testing machine. Using the local striation spacing SL and for &#916K values lower than 23 MPam 1/2 (Paris region), the estimated loading exhibits an error less than 15%. Propagation life estimated by local striation spacing (microscopic crack growth rate) was compared to the true propagation life obtained from macroscopic crack growth rate values and the absolute difference between them was less than 15,7%. These results suggest that both life and loading history can be adequately estimated using the local SL striation spacing values.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Dans les lasers, les gradients de température dans les milieux à gain provoquent des déformations de l'onde laser qui s'y propage. Le but de ma thèse est de mesurer les propriétés thermo-optiques (conductivité thermique, coefficient thermo-optique dn/dT, coefficient de dilatation) de nouveaux matériaux lasers permettant d'atteindre des énergies élevées à de hautes cadences de tir. Ces matériaux sont des céramiques sesquioxydes de scandium Sc2O3, de lutétium Lu2O3 et d'yttrium Y2O3 dopées ytterbium. Les mesures se font à basse température (température de l'azote liquide, 77 K) car les propriétés thermiques sont améliorées lorsque la température du matériau diminue. Ces matériaux ont également été testés en configuration d'oscillateur laser relaxé, montrant ainsi tout l'intérêt de travailler à basse température. Les mesures de ces propriétés représentent un enjeu majeur pour le développement des lasers de forte puissance, d'autant plus que les données de la littérature concernant ces matériaux, dans ces domaines de température, sont quasiment inexistantes. D'autres matériaux comme des cristaux et des céramiques de YAG, des cristaux de fluorure de calcium CaF2 dopés ytterbium, et des verres phosphates dopés néodyme ont également été testés.

For the anti-charmed pentaquark state with and without strangeness a QCD sum rule analysis, which is one of the nonperturbative approaches, is presented. For this purpose we employ pentaquark currents with and without strangeness, with two different current for each case. To refine the sum rules we also consider the DN continuum contribution in our analysis since this procedure is important to identify the signal of the pentaquark state. While the sum rules for most of the currents are either non-convergent or dominated by the DN continuum, the one for the non-strange pentaquark current composed of two diquarks and an antiquark, is convergent and has a structure consistent with a positive parity pentaquark state after subtracting out the DN continuum contribution. Arguments are presented on the similarity between the result of the present analysis and that based on the constituent quark models, which predict more stable pentaquark states when the antiquark is heavy.

This study intends to examine the impact of a well known debate page in one of Sweden’s biggest newspapers, Dagens Nyheter. We have done this by analysing Ekot, Aktuellt, Göteborgs Posten and Västerbottens-Kuriren to see to what extent they “take” news from the debate page. The method used was content analysis and to describe some of our thoughts about how we placed the hits in different categories we chose eight of our hits to exemplify. The material from the newspapers, radio and television was examined to discover the potential impact from the debate page. To carry out this study we have mainly used theories about how media get influenced by each other’s news and how they do follow-ups and refer to the original media. Other theories of importance for our study are for example those about what kinds of events that become news and how media influences people’s thoughts about what’s important. One of the most important conclusions we were able to draw after carrying out our study was that the debate page in Dagens Nyheter has quite a small impact on what our chosen media reported on. The biggest impact was found in the newspapers, whereas radio and television very seldom referred to the debate page. To sum up, one can absolutely say that the debate page in Dagens Nyheter is powerful and do have impact on other media, but an article published on the page is not automatically discussed and debated in other media during the day.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

<p>This study intends to examine the impact of a well known debate page in one of Sweden’s biggest newspapers, Dagens Nyheter. We have done this by analysing Ekot, Aktuellt, Göteborgs Posten and Västerbottens-Kuriren to see to what extent they “take” news from the debate page.</p><p>The method used was content analysis and to describe some of our thoughts about how we placed the hits in different categories we chose eight of our hits to exemplify.</p><p>The material from the newspapers, radio and television was examined to discover the potential impact from the debate page.</p><p>To carry out this study we have mainly used theories about how media get influenced by each other’s news and how they do follow-ups and refer to the original media. Other theories of importance for our study are for example those about what kinds of events that become news and how media influences people’s thoughts about what’s important.</p><p>One of the most important conclusions we were able to draw after carrying out our study was that the debate page in Dagens Nyheter has quite a small impact on what our chosen media reported on. The biggest impact was found in the newspapers, whereas radio and television very seldom referred to the debate page.</p><p>To sum up, one can absolutely say that the debate page in Dagens Nyheter is powerful and do have impact on other media, but an article published on the page is not automatically discussed and debated in other media during the day.</p>

Orientador: Maria Irma Hadler Coudry / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T14:45:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fedosse_Elenir_D.pdf: 1944606 bytes, checksum: 8e98a0efdf35e44d098a6cdc84d8c1c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa se ocupa da análise de fatos lingüístico-cognitivos/psíquicos de um poeta afásico (SL). Adota a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da Neurolingüística Discursiva (ND) desenvolvida na UNICAMP por Coudry, desde 1988 e, nesse sentido, parte do princípio de que os sujeitos afásicos, tal como sujeitos não afásicos, realizam trabalho lingüístico-cognitivo/psíquico, cuja expressão nas afasias pode ser entendida como processos alternativos de significação. São apresentados e discutidos alguns dos processos alternativos de significação que SL usa para lidar com a afasia e manter-se sujeito da linguagem. Destaca-se o papel da função poética na emergência de tais processos e na reorganização da linguagem. A análise dos dados, realizada especialmente à luz dos conceitos jakobsonianos, possibilitou refinar conhecimentos acerca dos processos alternativos/criativos de significação; favoreceu a compreensão de como SL afásico lidava com a bipolaridade da linguagem e com os demais processos cognitivos/psíquicos. Além do estudo de caso, esta pesquisa analisa parte da produção teórica e metodológica referente às afasias no âmbito da Neurologia/Neurociência e da Fonoaudiologia, e apresenta a Neurolingüística Discursiva (ND) como uma importante referência aos estudos e às práticas clínicas junto a sujeitos cérebro-lesados / Abstract: This research deals with an analysis of the linguistic-cognitive/psychic facts of an aphasic poet subject (SL). It adopts the theoretical-methodology perspective of the Discursive Neurolinguistics (ND) which has been developed in UNICAMP by Coudry since 1988 and thus part of the principle is that aphasic subjects as well as the non-aphasic ones carry out linguistic-cognitive/psychic work whose expression in aphasias can be understood as alternative processes of signification. Some of the alternative processes of signification are presented and discussed and those are used by SL to deal with aphasia and remain subject of the language. The role of the poetic function is highlighted in case of an emergency of such processes and in reorganizing the language.The data analysis which is carried out especially under the jakobsonian concepts could detail the knowledge related to alternative processes of signification that is to favor the understanding of how aphasic SL deals with the bipolarity of the language and with other cognitive/psychic processes. In addition to the case study, this research analyzes part of the theoretical and methodological production of Neurology/Neurocience and of Phonoaudiology related to aphasias and presents Discursive Neurolinguistic (DN) as an important reference to the studies and to clinical practices with damaged brains subjects / Doutorado / Doutor em Linguística

Denna studie undersöker läsbarheten i ledargenren i morgontidningarna DN och SvD med hjälp av läsbarhetsfaktorerna; meningslängd, bisatsfrekvens, personliga pronomen och personord, LIX samt OVIX. Hypotesen som prövas i uppsatsen är att ledargenren, liksom skriftspråket i allmänhet, har gått mot ett allt ”enklare” och mer läsbart språk med mer inslag av talspråklighet. En annan hypotes är att DN som är en liberal tidning har ett enklare språk än SvD som är konservativ/moderat. Materialet består av sammanlagt 12 ledartexter från åren 2004, 2008 och 2012. Undersökningen är av kvantitativ natur och resultatet relateras till tidigare undersökningar om ledargenren.     Undersökningens resultat ger stöd åt ovanstående hypoteser, då läsbarhetsfaktorerna visar på att ledargenren har fått ett mer läsbart skriftspråk, samt att DN är den tidning med mest läsbara ledare. Trots att ledargenren har blivit enklare, är den fortfarande en svår genre att läsa i förhållande till de flesta andra genrer. Ledargenren visar således även en hög skriftspråklighet.

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