O tema do narcisismona atualidade vem a ser ponto de discussão e interesse dos mais distintos campos de saberes, de modo a, inclusive, ser recentemente invocado por autores que realizam estudos sob a perspectiva do que seria denominada Filosofia da Diferença, cuja constelação teórico-metodológica é recorrentemente atribuída a pensadores,tais como,Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guatarri, Michel Foucault, Henri Bergsone Friedrich Nietzsche. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo abordar e prosseguir com essa discussão a respeito do narcisismoa partir do referido campo epistemológico. Para tanto, tal proposta foi conduzida ao longo de três etapas: na primeira, foi realizada uma retomada etimológicado termo narcisismoe também doscontextosde sua constituição e transposição para distintos campos epistemológicos, a fim de situar contrapontos e uma conjuntura para a delineação da noção de um neo (novo) narcisismo; na segunda, foi realizado um levantamento e leitura bibliográfica de autores que diretamente ou indiretamente discutiriam a respeito de elementos de caracterização de um narcisismoapreendido enquanto modo de relação específica conjugada em termos de intersecções entre controle esubjetivação; na terceira, e em correlação comasetapas anteriores, foi realizada uma investigação etnográficano contexto do ciberespaço, junto a um grupo específico de indivíduos residentes em um mesmo prédio, e que viriam a se inter-relacionarem a partir da mediação de uma plataforma digital social (WhatsApp) idealizada para o uso em tecnologia móvel (smartphones). A partir desse estudo, em correspondência com asrespectivas abordagens teórico-metodológicas, foi possível avançar nadiscussão e caracterização acerca do neonarcisimo,apreendido na perspectiva de uma dinâmica relacional cuja tendência reflete os modos de constituição e configuração de subjetividades no contemporâneo, em especial, no que remete às intermediações entre a consciência e sua referência a si própria, e às cooptações de si por vias de redes de comunicações e trocas no contexto da web 2.0 / The theme of the narcissismin the present time has been discussed by different areas of knowledge, including by scholars than would be called \'Philosophy of Difference\', recurrently attributed to authors such as Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guatarri, Michel Foucault, Henri Bergson e Friedrich Nietzsche. The aim of this study is discuss about the theme of the narcissismfrom said epistemological field. Therefore, this proposal was conducted over three stages: first, there was a etymological study of narcissismterm and also the context of its creation and implementation for different epistemologicalfields, with the aim of presenting elements and counterpoints to the delineation of notion of a \'neo\' (new) narcissism; second was carried out a literature review to analyze texts that directly or indirectly discuss about narcissism in a related approach to controland processes of subjectivity; in the third, and in correlation to the previous steps, an ethnographicresearch was conducted in cyberspacecontext with a specific group of individuals residing in the same building, and that would be interrelated from the mediation of a \'Social Media\' ( WhatsApp) conceived for use in mobile technology (smartphones). From this study, in correspondence to the respective theoretical and methodological approaches, it was possible to advance the discussion and characterization about neo-narcissism, understood from the perspective of a relational dynamics whose trend reflects the modes of constitution of the subjectivities in contemporary, in particular with regard to mediation between consciousness and its reference to itself, and cooptation through communications networks and exchanges in the context of Web 2.0

Massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) present fantastic, persistent worlds and narratives for a community of players to experience through pre-defined rules, roles, and environments. To be able to offer the opportunity for every player to try the same experiences, many game developers have opted to create elaborate virtual theme parks: scripted experiences within static worlds that cannot be affected or changed through player actions. Within these games, some players have turned to role-playing to establish meaningful connections to these worlds by expanding upon and subverting the game's expectations to assume a limited sense of agency within the world. The interaction between role-players and the locations they occupy within these worlds is a notable marker of this narrative layering; specific locations inform social codes of conduct, designed by developers, and then repurposed by players for their characters and stories. Through a qualitative case study in World of Warcraft on public role-playing events, this thesis considers how the design of in-game locations inform their use for role-playing, and how locations are altered through storytelling as a result.

Progression of human civilization in fields of technology, culture and media is closely tied to the creation of remains known as a cultural heritage. These artefacts and knowledge are testimonies of human cultures of distant and recent pasts. In last two decades, a trend of creating and living in synthetic worlds has emerged with social media and vast digital games being prime examples of such synthetic worlds. To better understand human culture, a new, yet undeveloped and academically unestablished (even though suggested by texts in past 30 years) interdisciplinar field has emerged: archaogaming. Its mission is researching distant and recent past through cultural heritage in and of digital games, connecting archaeology, game and media studies, using methods and tools inspired by archaeological practice. Among such methods belongs digital ethnography and on-site research, methods used in this Master's thesis' research. Its aim was to describe artefacts used and left in game worlds by gamers of three chosen digital games: GTA Online, Fortnite Battle Royale and Soul Calibur VI. Moreover, other goals of this research were to identify factors influencing such relics and their lifespan. Analysis of data collected during 60 gaming sessions throughout the trio of synthetic worlds suggests that artefacts...

Showing grief and loss over deceased musicians is something people have been doing on forums and online webshrines since home computers and the internet became part of our daily lives. Studies of this phenomenon have shown that grievers did so as a process of being in a state of disenfranchised grief, meaning that their grief wasn’t seen as legitimate or genuine, since they didn’t have a personal relationship with the deceased musician. Grief on the internet as an unidentifiable avatar on forums and shrines was a possibility many took hold of. Since the entrance of social media however, this notion of keeping grief over famous musicians (or other celebrities) private have changed. Whenever a famous person dies it is hard to miss Facebook statuses and comments written in sorrow and grief. This essay studies grief ridden comments on three different deceased musicians official Facebook profiles, how they are written, how personal they are, and how they relate to the musician. The essay also gets into a discussion how other users in grief effects the expressions of grief and how the medium and infrastructure of Facebook itself is contributing to the expressions.

[pt] Esta dissertação analisa a interação social observada no ambiente de um grupo de mulheres dedicado à temática e experiência do parto no Facebook. Tomo como ponto de partida os relatos de parto publicados pelas participantes no grupo Parto Natural - da rede social Facebook -, utilizando técnicas etnográficas, como entrevista e observação participante. As teorias da antropologia das emoções e da microssociologia ajudaram a compreender as narrativas construídas nos - e a partir dos - relatos. Nesse ambiente, os relatos de partos publicados introduzem tópicos que são interpretados e questionados na interação que promovem, evidenciando uma complexa negociação de sentidos sobre as práticas e valores que envolvem o evento do nascimento. Os dados evidenciam que se por um lado aquele ambiente proporciona um local de expressão, acolhimento e apoio às mães que fazem a opção pelo parto natural, por outro, é também local de indicação de produtos e serviços relacionados ao tema. Apesar de serem frequentes os posicionamentos contra práticas caracterizadas como violência obstétrica e favoráveis àquelas relacionadas às práticas do parto natural, a intenção do grupo não parece ser a de fazer militância ou qualquer intervenção política, mas a de ajudar as que já estão nessa busca por meio de informações baseadas em evidências científicas e também com a troca de experiências entre as mães que já passaram pelo processo. Ou seja, almeja-se uma transformação social, mas no compasso das ações e escolhas individuais. Assim, o ambiente se caracteriza principalmente como local de encontro, acolhimento e troca de saberes entre pares. / [en] This dissertation seeks to analyze the social interactions within a group of women dedicated to discuss and share experiences regarding childbirth on Facebook. It is based on the written reports published by the members of the group Parto Natural through ethnographic techniques and participant observation. Anthropology of emotions and microsociology were the theories that have helped to understand the narratives built in – and upon – the written accounts. Within that environment, these childbirth accounts shared with the members lead to a variety of topics that are interpreted and scrutinized as an ongoing accomplishment, which highlights a complex structure about the practices and values connected to the event of birth. Data collected show that aside being an environment in which those mothers can express themselves, find acceptance and support from other women that has chosen for the natural birth, it can also be a place where they can find recommendations on services and products from other members. Despite comments against practices that could be seen as obstetric violence and in favor of the natural delivery, the group s main goal doesnt seem to be activism or any other political intervention, but to assist the ones that are seeking for it by sharing information based on scientific knowledge and by the exchange of experiences between women that went through that already. In short, it is their intention to contribute with social transformation, but bounded to individual decisions and actions. In this sense, the group consists mainly as a gathering point, to offer support and enable the exchange of knowledge between members.

道德企業的臉書粉絲團：社群對話與意義行銷 / Fair Trade is for more than just coffee: Oliberté and prAna sell clothing, shoes, and accessories. Corporate social responsibility now takes the shape of business models. For each item sold, TOMS and Warby Parker give an item to someone in need. The present study takes a closer look at what is happening on these four brands’ Facebook pages with the focus on user-generated contributions. Observation of those pages during the 2014 American holiday shopping season identifies what people are posting. Depth interviews with active Facebook followers provide insight as to why people are posting about these companies and how they came to be brand advocates. The results indicate that though there are plenty of discussions about products, Facebook brand pages are not merely advertising channels. They are tools that the greater ethical consumption community uses to strengthen and expand its values-based groups of followers. People also choose Facebook over face-to-face conversation to start tough conversations about consumer and political issues within their own networks because it is easier to present controversial ideas. The informants, regardless of voting frequency, reported being skeptical of government and large organizations. Yet, they have faith in capitalism’s ability to carry out good around the world, and they are an active audience for meaningful marketing. Finally, informants reported hating shopping. Yet, they invested time checking corporate websites, reading literature written by a brand’s founder, and sharing information about companies on Facebook. Websites and social media are essential to the shopping process today because they are spaces where consumers learn about and share brand stories.

Dans les grandes entreprises industrielles, la transmission des savoirs incorporés dans les gestes professionnels s’opère traditionnellement au sein d’une articulation de stages de formation animés par d’anciens opérateurs, et de pratiques de compagnonnage réalisées directement sur site. Cette situation est amenée à évoluer car aujourd’hui, beaucoup d’entreprises industrielles sont confrontées au problème d’un départ à la retraite massif d’opérateurs. Cela nécessite, d’une part, la conservation des gestes professionnels adaptés au maintien des installations techniques vieillissantes, et d’autre part une adaptation des gestes professionnels à la mutation technologique. Dans le secteur de l’énergie, Electricité de France (EDF) est confrontée à cette problématique d’évolution du compagnonnage. Pour cette entreprise, la situation est complexifiée par la variabilité des pratiques : présence d’un parc de près d’une centaine de centrales de production électrique fortement distribuées géographiquement avec des modes de production énergétique diversifiés impliquant des pratiques culturelles différentes (nucléaire, thermique, hydraulique).Le présent travail de recherche vise deux objectifs :(1) Sur le plan théorique, nous avons cherché à comprendre, à partir de données de terrain, la nature de la transmission et de la formalisation des savoirs – aussi bien explicites qu’implicites – sous-jacents à l’exécution des gestes professionnels. Cela passe : - d’une part, par la confrontation des approches existantes dans les différentes écoles, au niveau international, à la réalité empirique ; - et d’autre part, par l’identification du fossé existant dans la littérature quant au traitement et à la modélisation des connaissances tacites et des savoirs incorporés par rapport aux nécessités pratiques de la transmission.(2) Sur le plan pratique, nous avons cherché à développer une approche de capture située des savoirs incorporés en explorant le recours aux instruments d’ethnographie numérique. Ceci vise :-d’une part, à pérenniser les connaissances liées aux gestes ;-et d’autre part, à concevoir une méthode de création de supports pédagogiques structurés, à base de vidéo. Cette phase pratique a permis de tester nos modèles sur des cas réels. L’articulation des outils techniques, théoriques et méthodologiques que nous avons appliqués a conduit à la conception de plusieurs produits.Nous avons conçu et confronté au terrain une méthode de capture et d’analyse des gestes professionnels. Cette méthode s’appuie sur un double enregistrement vidéo : caméra externe et caméra subjective embarquée sur le casque de l’opérateur réalisant le geste. Cet enregistrement est couplé à un protocole de verbalisation spécifique en situation de réalisation du geste.Nous avons également maquetté, testé en situation pédagogique, et formalisé une ressource didactique : le Multimédia Apprenant (MAP). Ce dernier se base sur une décomposition et une structuration du geste illustrée principalement par de la vidéo annotée mais aussi par des schémas fonctionnels, des images, des photos, etc. Cette décomposition du geste est issue de l’analyse réalisée en amont sur fond de théorie russe de l’activité et de qualité perçue.Ces deux produits fournissent une chaîne opérationnelle, à destination des formateurs de la branche formation d’EDF, pour la capture et la transmission du savoir tacite et explicite incorporé dans les gestes professionnels. L’insertion du MAP dans le dispositif pédagogique d’EDF, au sein des sessions de formation réelles, a été évaluée et accueillie très positivement par les formateurs et les stagiaires. Il a été décidé au mois de mai 2011 de lancer la phase d’industrialisation de la méthode et du MAP dans l’entreprise. / In large industrial companies, the transmission of the embodied in professional practices traditionally takes place as part of a series of training courses given by former operators and of journeyman practices implemented directly on site. This situation will undoubtedly change, because nowadays many companies are facing the problem of a massive departure of operators into retirement. This requires, on the one hand, the preservation of the appropriate professional gestures for the maintenance of aging technical plant, and on the other hand an adaptation of the professional gestures to technological evolution. In the energy sector, Electricité de France (EDF) is also confronted with this issue of the evolution of these journeyman practices. For the company, the situation is rendered more complex as a result of highly variable practices due to the presence of almost one hundred power generation plants with a wide geographic distribution, and with diversified generation methods involving different cultural practices (nuclear, thermal, hydraulic).The present research addresses two objectives:(1) On the theoretical level, we sought to understand, based on field data, the nature of the explicit and implicit transmission and formalization of knowledge underlying the performance of professional gestures. This takes place: - on the one hand, by means of the confrontation of the existing approaches in the different schools, at international level, with the empirical reality; - and, on the other hand, by means of the identification of the gap in the literature as concerns the treatment and modelling of tacit knowledge and embodied know-how as compared to the practical requirements of transmission.(2) On the practical level, we sought to develop an approach to situational learning of embodied know-how by exploring the recourse to digital ethnography tools. This aims:- on the one hand, to perpetuate the knowledge linked to the gestures;- and, on the other hand, to devise a method for the creation of structured, video-based educational supports. This practical phase has afforded the opportunity to test our models on real life cases. The combination of technical, theoretical and methodological tools we applied has led to the design of several products.We designed, and tested on the field, a method for the capture and analysis of professional gestures. This method is based on dual video recordings: an external camera and a subjective camera mounted on the safety helmet of the operator performing the gesture. This recording is coupled to a specific protocol of oral expression whilst performing the gesture.We also modelled, tested and formalised a teaching resource in an educational setting: the Multimedia platform for APprenticeship (MAP). It is based on a decomposition and structuring of the gesture illustrated primarily by annotated video but also by means of functional schematics images, photos, etc. This decomposition results from the analysis of the gesture carried out upstream and based on Russian Activity Theory and Perceived Quality.These two products provide an operational chain intended for the trainers of EDF’s Training Division, for the capture and transmission of the tacit and explicit knowledge involved in professional gestures. The incorporation of the MAP into EDF’s educational system, in real life training sessions, has been very positively evaluated and received by both trainers and trainees. In May 2011 it was decided to launch the industrialization phase of the method and the MAP throughout the company.

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