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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
331

Från rollspel till roman : En inblick i den intermediala dialogiken mellan Dungeons & Dragons och The Crystal Shard / Adapting Role-Playing Games : An introduction to the intermedial dialogical relationship between Dungeons & Dragons and The Crystal Shard

Butler Persson, Nikolai January 2015 (has links)
No description available.
332

廠商聯合行為與政府反托拉斯之策略互動 / Interaction between joint ventures and the antitrust authority

林葦杭, Lin, Wei Hang Unknown Date (has links)
為了維護全球經濟的穩定與公平,近年來各國無不致力於反壟斷政策的執行,以期有效打擊卡特爾式的企業聯合行為。本文從三種不同的環境條件下,逐一探討採取聯合行為的廠商和反托拉斯政府之間的互動情況。透過本研究可發現,廠商在以利潤為優先考量下,來決定是否採取聯合結盟,以及合法或非法的合作型態。此外,為了朝全社會效率極大的目標邁進,本文針對三種環境設定下的均衡結果進行效率性的比較,得知其差異的成因在於政府和廠商報酬差異的大小。 / In order to keep the stability and fairness of global economy, most of the authorities around the world have been fighting for cutting down cartels by implementing Antitrust/Competition Law. In this paper, we analyze the interaction between joint ventures and antitrust authorities in three different cases. And we find that profit always takes priority in firms’ decision, no matter how the economic environment changes. Finally, in discussing social utility, we compare efficiency among the three cases, and reach our conclusion that the difference of government’s and firm’s return causes the efficiency or non-efficiency of those optimal strategies.
333

La política de competencia, crecimiento y globalización / A política da concorrência, crescimento e globalização / Policy of Competence, Growth and Globalization

Urbano, Pablo Martín, Sánchez Gutiérrez, Juan Ignacio 10 April 2018 (has links)
The aim of this article is to review the evolution of some crucial aspects in the policy of competence. With this purpose, it analyzes its main goal and instruments, in relation to economic growth, R&D policy and the globalization process. / Este artículo revisa la evolución de algunos aspectos de la política de competencia mediante el análisis de sus principales objetivos e instrumentos y poniéndola en relación con el crecimiento económico, la articulación de la políticaI+D y el proceso de globalización. / Este artigo visa examinar a evolução de alguns dos aspectos da política da concorrência fazendo uma análise dosseus principais objetivos e instrumentos e fazendo uma relação entre ela e o crescimento econômico, a articulação de uma política de P & D, e o processo de globalização.
334

Trois essais sur le capital-investissement / Three Essays on Private Equity

Astashov, Andrey 18 December 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse aborde l’impact du private equity sur la gouvernance des entreprises (chapitres 1 et 2) et les déterminants du capital risque (chapitre 3). Les deux premiers chapitres examinent les changements que les capital-investisseurs introduisent dans la gouvernance des entreprises (en termes de remplacement du dirigeant) suite à une opération Public-to-Private. Les résultats empiriques montrent que (i) les entreprises soutenues par private equity exercent un suivi plus actif et sont plus susceptibles de licencier le dirigeant que les compagnies cotées (chapitre 1) (ii) les entreprises soutenues par des firmes de private equity plus spécialisées (en termes de secteur d’activité) ont moins tendance à licencier leur dirigeant que les entreprises soutenues par des firmes de private equity plus généralistes (chapitre 2). Du point de vue de la théorie, les résultats montrent que le taux de remplacement du directeur général et la sensibilité du départ du dirigeant à la performance sont plus élevés dans les entreprises soutenues par private equity que dans les compagnies cotées (chapitre 1). Ce résultat va dans le sens de l'hypothèse de contrôle, qui affirme que la structure de propriété plus concentrée des entreprises soutenues par private equity induit un contrôle plus fort des actionnaires et un remplacement plus fréquent du dirigeant en cas de faible performance que la structure de propriété dispersée des entreprises cotées. Pour les entreprises ayant des structures de propriété concentrées similaires (i. e., notre échantillon de compagnies soutenues par private equity du Chapitre 2), nos résultats empiriques confortent plutôt l’hypothèse de « l'information interne » avancée par Cornelli et Karakas (2015). Cette théorie suggère que les investisseurs sophistiqués (en particulier les firmes de private equity spécialisées) sont plus enclins à utiliser de l’information «soft» (interne) pour évaluer la compétence du directeur général et pour décider de son remplacement. A contrario, les investisseurs moins sophistiqués auraient tendance à privilégier de l’information «hard», par exemple la performance financière relative de l'entreprise (par rapport à des firmes similaires). Enfin, le Chapitre 3 est lié aux débats sur les déterminants du développement du capital-risque. Nous essayons d'évaluer la façon dont les mécanismes de soutien gouvernemental à l'innovation ont un impact sur les investissements en capital-risque. Nous examinons également l’effet modérateur de l'environnement institutionnel sur la relation entre les dépenses gouvernementales en recherche et développement (R&D) et le capital-risque. Nos résultats montrent qu'un niveau plus élevé de dépenses gouvernementales en R&D entraîne un niveau plus élevé d'investissements en capital-risque. Nous trouvons également une relation positive entre la qualité des institutions formelles et le montant des investissements en capital-risque early-stage. Contrairement aux résultats attendus, la qualité de l’environnement institutionnel a un effet modérateur négatif sur la relation entre les dépenses gouvernementales en R&D et le niveau des investissements en capital-risque. Ce résultat suggère qu’en présence d'institutions formelles hautement développées les opportunités technologiques mesurées par les dépenses gouvernementales en R&D n'ont aucun effet stimulant sur le développement du capital-risque. / This PhD thesis addresses the effects of private equity on corporate governance (Chapter 1 and 2) and the determinants of Venture Capital (VC) investments (Chapter 3). The first two chapters examine the changes that private equity investors introduce in the governance of their portfolio companies (in terms of CEO turnover) after a Public-to-Private (PTP) operation. Our empirical results show that (i) PE-backed companies exert a more active monitoring, and are more likely to dismiss their CEO than public firms (Chapter 1) (ii) PE-backed companies with more specialized investors are less likely to dismiss their CEO than other PE-backed companies (Chapter 2). From a theory perspective, the findings that CEO turnover rate and CEO turnover-performance sensitivity are higher in PE-backed companies comparing with public firms (Chapter 1) seem to support the ‘control hypothesis’, i.e., the contention that the concentrated (and illiquid) ownership structure of PE-backed companies provides stronger shareholder monitoring and a tighter control for poor performance than the dispersed ownership structure of public firms. For companies with similar concentrated ownership structures (i.e., our sample of PE-backed companies in Chapter 2), our results rather support the ‘inside information hypothesis’ of boards advanced by Cornelli and Karakas (2015). This theory suggests that sophisticated investors (e.g. specialized PE firms) are more likely to use ‘soft’ (inside) information when they evaluate the CEO’s competence and the decision to dismiss the CEO. In contrast, less sophisticated investors are more likely to base their decision on ‘hard’ information, e.g., the firm’s performance relative to its peers. Finally, Chapter 3 is related to debate on the determinants of venture capital development. We try to assess how particular mechanisms of governmental support to innovation impact VC investments, and whether the institutional environment moderates the relationship between governmental R&D and VC investments. Our results show that higher level of governmental R&D expenditures lead to higher level of VC investments. We found also that higher quality of formal institutions is associated with higher level of early stage VC activity. Contrary to what was expected, the quality of the institutional environment has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between governmental R&D expenditures and VC activity. A possible interpretation of this result is that in the presence of highly developed formal institutions the technological opportunities measured by governmental R&D expenditures have no stimulating effect on venture capital development.
335

Not delivering as one: asymmetric outcomes in firm-university collaborations

Mesquita, Pedro Vieira 07 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by PEDRO MESQUITA (pedrovmesquita@gmail.com) on 2016-01-26T13:59:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MSc Pedro Mesquita.pdf: 333112 bytes, checksum: 19c620f913bea534bc0c66b9eab0c763 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2016-01-27T18:52:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MSc Pedro Mesquita.pdf: 333112 bytes, checksum: 19c620f913bea534bc0c66b9eab0c763 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2016-02-01T11:55:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MSc Pedro Mesquita.pdf: 333112 bytes, checksum: 19c620f913bea534bc0c66b9eab0c763 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-01T11:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MSc Pedro Mesquita.pdf: 333112 bytes, checksum: 19c620f913bea534bc0c66b9eab0c763 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 / Extant literature examined the benefits of relational embeddedness in facilitating collaboration between organizations, as well as the necessity of firms to balance their knowledge generation into exploration and exploitation activities. However, the effects of relational embeddedness in the specific outputs of firm-university collaborations, as well as the elements that affect the exploratory nature of such outcomes remain underexplored. By examining fine grained data of more than 4.000 collaborative research and development projects by a firm and universities, 5.000 patents, and 300.000 scientific publications, it was proposed that relational embeddedness would have a positive effect on resource commitment and on joint scientific publications, but a negative effect on joint patents and exploratory outcomes resulting of such collaborations. Additionally, it was proposed that knowledge similarity would have a negative impact in exploratory endeavors made in such projects. Although some of the propositions were not supported by the data, this study revealed that relational embeddedness increases resource commitment and the production of joint scientific publications in such partnerships. At last, this study presents interesting opportunities for future research. / A literatura existente examinou os benefícios de intensidade da relação como facilitador de colaborações entre organizações, assim como a necessidade de empresas balancearem a geração de conhecimento em ações exploratórias e de aplicação. Todavia, os efeitos da intensidade da relação nos resultados específicos das parcerias entre empresas e universidades, assim como os elementos que afetam a natureza exploratória desses resultados, permanecem subexplorados. Examinando dados detalhados de mais de 4.000 projetos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento em colaboração entre uma empresa e universidades, 5.000 patentes e 300.000 publicações científicas, foi proposto que a intensidade da relação teria um efeito positivo no investimento de recursos e na produção de artigos científicos conjuntos, porém um efeito negativo na geração de patentes conjuntas e nos empreendimentos exploratórios resultantes dessas colaborações. Adicionalmente, foi proposto que semelhança entre conhecimentos teria um efeito negativo nas iniciativas exploratórias realizadas nesses projetos. Apesar de algumas proposições não terem sido confirmadas pelos dados, esse estudo revelou que a intensidade da relação tem efeito positivo no investimento de recursos e na produção de artigos científicos conjuntos nessas parcerias. Por fim, o estudo apresenta oportunidades interessantes para pesquisas futuras.
336

State equity ownership and the use of R&D resources: a dynamic panel analysis

Donini, Rodrigo Gandara 14 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Gandara Donini (rodrigo_donini@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-14T13:47:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Donini - MSc Dissertation - SEO and R&D (final).pdf: 2015777 bytes, checksum: 7869c46f1444bbb7df5bf39a1e063107 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2017-07-14T15:22:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Donini - MSc Dissertation - SEO and R&D (final).pdf: 2015777 bytes, checksum: 7869c46f1444bbb7df5bf39a1e063107 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T19:48:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Donini - MSc Dissertation - SEO and R&D (final).pdf: 2015777 bytes, checksum: 7869c46f1444bbb7df5bf39a1e063107 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-14 / Building on previous research that discuss the role of the government in innovation (Mahmood & Rufin, 2005), and previous empirical research about the firm-level implications of having the state as a shareholder (Inoue, Lazzarini & Musacchio, 2013; Xu & Zhang, 2008; Zhou, Gao & Zhao, 2016), this study sheds light on the relationship between state equity ownership and the R&D expenses of the firms. Results of dynamic panel data models using a database of 5,042 firms from 63 countries and 67 industries, for the years 2010 to 2016, indicate that state equity ownership is positively associated with the R&D expenses of the firms. A 1% increase in state equity ownership is associated with a US$0.814 million increase in R&D expenses. The main contributions are empirical, given the cross-country and cross-industry nature of the database, and the novel measure for state equity ownership which is a sum of the participation of any type of state-run institution, instead of just the participation of the local government or the host government. The findings have implications for state-run institutions, for instance, in the sense that they give more resources for policy makers to decide how to foster innovation more efficiently, and also implications for firms since it gives more resources for managers to decide the most efficient way to execute innovative projects. / Com base em pesquisa que discute o papel do governo na inovação (Mahmood & Rufin, 2005) e pesquisas empíricas sobre implicações de ter o Estado como acionista nas empresas (Inoue, Lazzarini & Musacchio, 2013; Xu & Zhang, 2008; Zhou, Gao & Zhao, 2016), este estudo lança luz sobre a relação entre a participação societária estatal e os gastos em P&D das empresas. Resultados de modelos de painel dinâmico usando uma base de dados de 5.042 empresas de 63 países e de 67 setores, para os anos de 2010 a 2016, indicam que a participação societária estatal está positivamente associada com os gastos em P&D das empresas. Um aumento de 1% na participação societária estatal está associado a um aumento de US$0,814 milhão nos gastos em P&D. As principais contribuições são empíricas, dada a abrangência internacional e intersetorial da base de dados, além da nova medida de participação societária estatal, que é a soma da participação de qualquer tipo de instituição estatal, e não apenas a participação do governo local ou do governo anfitrião nas empresas. Os resultados têm implicações para instituições estatais, por exemplo, no sentido de prover mais informações para que os gestores públicos possam formular políticas de fomento à inovação mais eficientes, e também implicações para as empresas, uma vez que também disponibiliza mais informações para que os gestores possam decidir a maneira mais eficiente de implementar projetos inovadores.
337

Marketing & finanças: investimentos em marketing e valor dos ativos intangíveis

Azevedo, Luiz Carlos Rodrigues 14 January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Cristiane Oliveira (cristiane.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2011-06-03T15:32:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100256.pdf: 1176091 bytes, checksum: fcc0a2692cf5fd1eb1a05eb610c446c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão(vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2011-06-03T16:43:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100256.pdf: 1176091 bytes, checksum: fcc0a2692cf5fd1eb1a05eb610c446c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão(vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2011-06-03T16:57:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100256.pdf: 1176091 bytes, checksum: fcc0a2692cf5fd1eb1a05eb610c446c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-03T17:04:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100256.pdf: 1176091 bytes, checksum: fcc0a2692cf5fd1eb1a05eb610c446c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-14 / After the deep financial crisis in 2008, there has been an increasing questioning of the Firm’s objectives and its relationship with the financial markets. There is a paradox between the current practice of maximizing financial short-term performance of organizations, demanded by financial agents to corporate executives, and the financial concept of valuation of the Firm, which considers Firm value as the present value of discounted future cash flows. Therefore, according to the maximizing value proposition the Firm's objective is to increase its long-term total value (Jensen, 2000). The primary function of marketing strategies, innovations (R&D investments) included, is to generate both growth and consistent long-term business, i.e. the expansion of intangible assets to generate tangible assets. Based on the conceptual framework of Market-based Assets (Srivastava, Shervani and Fahey 1998), this paper seeks to contribute to the subject by proposing simple metrics, the adjusted performance indexes of retail sector, the Customer Average Ticket (TMC) and the Customer Average Ticket Earnings (LTMC). These metrics could relate investments in marketing to the value of the Firm (shareholder value) through the variation in quality of the company's customer base, which is the source of revenue generation and part of the intangible assets. For empirical tests, this study used data from the following publicly companies listed in Bovespa (São Paulo Stock Exchange): Sadia and Perdigao, belonging to the food processing sector, in the period of 1999 to 2010, and also the air line companies TAM and Gol in the period of 2004 to 2010. The tests were inconclusive, due to certain data limitations, not allowing proving or ruling out the tested hypotheses. But the logical line and simplicity of the method should be explored by future studies. If the method could be confirmed and proven, it would provide all agents (marketing executives, CEOs and CFOs, market analysts and investors) with a simple and objective tool for analysis and way of communication about the value creation of Marketbased Assets (intangible assets) that impact the total Firm value. / Após a profunda crise financeira de 2008, houve um aumento do questionamento sobre os objetivos da Firma e a sua relação com os mercados financeiros. Existe um paradoxo entre a prática corrente de maximização da performance financeira de curto-prazo da organização, demandada pelos agentes financeiros aos executivos das empresas, e o próprio conceito financeiro de valoração da Firma., que considera como valor da Firma o valor presente dos fluxos de caixa futuros descontados. Portanto, segundo a proposição de maximização de valor, o objetivo da Firma é aumentar o seu valor total de longo prazo (JENSEN, 2000). É função primordial das estratégias de marketing, aí incluídos os investimentos em inovação (P&D), o objetivo de gerar crescimento e consistência de longo prazo do negócio, isto é, a ampliação dos ativos intangíveis para gerar ativos tangíveis. Norteado pela estrutura conceitual de Ativos base Mercado (SRIVASTAVA; SHERVANI; FAHEY, 1998), o presente trabalho busca contribuir para o tema, com uma proposição de métricas simples, adaptadas de índices de desempenho do setor varejo, o Ticket Médio Cliente (TMC) e o Lucro Ticket Médio Cliente (LTMC), que possam relacionar os investimentos em marketing e o valor da Firma através da variação da qualidade da base de clientes da empresa, que é a fonte de geração de receitas e parte dos ativos intangíveis. O estudo utilizou para os testes empíricos dados das seguintes empresas, com ações negociadas na Bovespa: Sadia e Perdigão, pertencentes ao setor de alimentos processados, de 1999 a 2010, e também as companhias aéreas TAM e Gol no período de 2004 a 2010. Os testes não foram conclusivos, devido a determinadas limitações dos dados, não permitindo provar ou descartar as hipóteses testadas. Porém a linha lógica e a simplicidade do método deveriam ser exploradas por estudos futuros, pois se confirmado e provado, forneceria uma ferramenta simples e objetiva de análise e comunicação por parte de todos os agentes envolvidos (executivos de marketing, diretores financeiros e presidentes, analistas de mercado e investidores), com relação à criação de valor de Ativos base Mercado (ativos intangíveis) que impactam o valor da Firma.
338

Evaluating the capacity of a virtual r&d community of practice : The case of ALSTOM power hydro / Comment organiser la pérennisation et le partage des connaissances dans un environnement international entre le centre de technologie et les bureaux d’études ?

Fraslin, Marie 03 September 2013 (has links)
Nous basant sur plusieurs études de cas effectuées au sein de communautés R&D virtuelles d'Alstom Power Hydro, nous démontrons d'une part, qu'un forum peut soutenir différents types d'intéractions allant de la transmission d'informations à la co-construction de connaissances et co-production de solution. Opérationnalisant et améliorant des grilles scientifiques visant à caractériser des communautés de pratiques virtuelles, nous démontrons aussi, qu'il existe un lien entre la configuration d'une communauté et le type de ses intéractions en ligne. Nous démontrons qu’il existe une configuration optimale, de communautés de pratiques virtuelles appliquées à la R&D, qui garantit des intéractions de type co-construction de connaissance et co-production de solution entre ses membres. A l'heure où Microsoft équipe chaque jour 20000 nouveaux utilisateurs de l'application Share point, cette thèse prend tout sens. En opérationnalisant une méthode d'évaluation des communautés de pratiques virtuelles, et en apportant des conseils pour déployer un forum appliqué à la R&D, nous accompagnons tout projet de création de communauté R&D virtuelle et/ou d'instrumentation de ses intéractions par un forum. / In this dissertation, we explore the potential of a forum to support collaboration and knowledge sharing among Virtual Communities of practice. We thus propose a coding scheme based on the Rainbow model and test it in order to analyze the content of two forums of R&D VcoP. We demonstrate that a forum supports asynchronous argumentative activities and thus enhances global collaboration and knowledge sharing among R&D VcoP members. We then propose an enriched model based on the work of Line Dube and tested it to characterize the R&D VcoP studied. We prove that the community configuration has a direct impact on the online dynamic of the community. We point out the main factors that play a key role in fostering online collaboration and knowledge sharing between R&D Virtual community members.
339

Estratégias tecnológicas em transformação: um estudo da indústria farmacêutica brasileira

Santos, Maria Clara Bottino Gonçalves 26 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3044.pdf: 1933766 bytes, checksum: d12f091d9a1ceec485e31ecb005d3874 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The aim of this research is to examine the extension of changes on technological strategies of a group of Brazilian pharmaceutical companies, which we believe were induced by transformations in the institutional environment, occurred during the 1990s. We support that important institutional changes, as Patent‟s and Generic‟s Laws, have induced transformations on market insertion and competitive position of this companies and also have stimulated research and development efforts in Brazil. The research was based on the technology strategy and pharmaceutical industry literature and also on interviews with a group of Brazilian pharmaceutical companies, which are among the top companies in the pharmaceutical national rank and which, through a preview academic study, give us signals of growing efforts in technology activities and of inflections in their technological strategies. The research confirmed that the studied companies passed through a significant intensification of their technology efforts, but they are still above the global level and without big impact. In fact, the Brazilian pharmaceutical companies developed new drugs, as the Helleva of Cristália and the Acheflan of Aché. Besides that, almost all the studied companies are involved with innovative projects. However, the number of patents is still very low, what reflects the reduced capacity of patentable innovations. Indeed, a considerable share of their technology efforts is directed towards products which are not patentable, as generic drugs. Hence, most of the Brazilian pharmaceutical companies focus on brands and other commercial assets as an appropriability mechanism. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar a extensão das mudanças nas estratégias tecnológicas de um grupo de empresas farmacêuticas de capital nacional ensejadas por alterações no ambiente institucional ocorridas na década de 1990. Supunha-se que mudanças institucionais importantes, como as leis de Patentes e do Medicamento Genérico, teriam induzido transformações na inserção de mercado e na posição competitiva dessas empresas e desencadeado um processo de intensificação do esforço de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de tecnologia farmacêutica no país, com o aumento dos recursos destinados a P&D, a montagem de novas estruturas organizacionais orientadas a esse fim e a formação de esquemas de cooperação com agentes externos às empresas. Do ponto de vista metodológico, esta pesquisa, embora precedida de uma revisão abrangente da literatura pertinente, caracteriza-se como um estudo de multicasos. As empresas que compõem a amostra pesquisada foram definidas a partir do cruzamento de dois critérios: (i) são todas empresas de porte relevante, situadas entre as maiores no ranking nacional do setor; e (ii) o exame prévio das referências setoriais em estudos acadêmicos e na imprensa sugeria serem casos particularmente reveladores de intensificação do esforço tecnológico e de inflexões em suas estratégias tecnológicas. A pesquisa confirmou que as empresas estudadas passaram por uma significativa intensificação do esforço tecnológico, o que não impede que, relativamente ao padrão de concorrência vigente em escala internacional, esses esforços continuem a ser, em média, modestos e sem grande impacto. Há, de fato, iniciativas importantes de desenvolvimento de novos produtos, como o Helleva da Cristália e o Acheflan do Aché, e de competências de síntese de fármacos da mesma Cristália e da Biolab. Deve-se pesar também o fato de praticamente todas as empresas investigadas estarem envolvidas em projetos inovadores e a orientação tecnológica de algumas transações de aquisição de ativos. No entanto, é ainda muito baixo o número de patentes, o que, em empresas já capacitadas no âmbito da defesa da propriedade intelectual, reflete em última análise a baixa capacidade de gerar inovações patenteáveis. Com efeito, boa parte do esforço tecnológico é direcionado a objetivos que, por definição, não são patenteáveis, como o desenvolvimento de genéricos e similares. Logo, é coerente não só a primazia de inovações que só o são para a empresa, mas também a preferência pelas marcas e outros ativos comerciais como mecanismo de apropriação.
340

Britador de resíduos sólidos da construção civil: projeto de equipamento móvel de pequeno porte / not available

William Miosso Moura 18 December 2015 (has links)
O cenário positivo pelo qual a construção civil atravessou nas últimas duas décadas trouxe incontáveis benefícios ao país, porém alguns aspectos relevantes devem ser avaliados neste panorama de crescimento, principalmente os relacionados aos impactos ambientais ocasionados pelo setor. Uma destas preocupações é a quantidade de resíduos sólidos produzidos e sua respectiva disposição final. O equipamento, objeto deste estudo, propõe que os resíduos produzidos sejam processados, transformados novamente em materiais, e reutilizados dentro do próprio processo construtivo, sem que haja necessidade de transportá-los às áreas de processamento e disposição. Para tanto, foram analisadas amostras de material Classe A, inertes, passiveis de serem reincorporados ao processo construtivo, substituindo o agregado (pedra britada) em determinadas situações. Foram avaliadas ainda as condições conceituais, materiais e mecânicas do equipamento britador, para melhor aproveitamento dos materiais que serão produzidos e reincorporados ao ciclo construtivo da Construção Civil. Os estudos resultaram no projeto de uma máquina britadora de resíduos, de pequeno porte, porém capaz de transformar resíduos sólidos Classe A, em materiais passiveis de serem reutilizados em forma de agregados, sem que haja necessidade de retirá-los da obra para processamento. / The positive scenario which construction has gone through in the last two decades in Brazil brought countless benefits to the country, however, some important aspects must be evaluated in this growth panorama, especially those related to environmental impacts caused by the activity. One of these concerns is the solid waste amount production and its respective final disposal. The device, object of this study, proposes that the produced waste is processed, transformed back into materials and reused in the construction process itself, discarding transportation to processing sites and deposition. For this purpose, inert Class A waste samples were analyzed under certain situations aiming to be able to reincorporation in the construction process, replacing the aggregate (crushed stone). The crusher equipments conceptual, material and mechanical conditions were also evaluated to achieve better results on the use and reincorporation of the processed materials in the construction cycle. The studies resulted in the design of a crusher waste machine, small, but able to turn Class A solid waste, insusceptible materials to be reused in the form of aggregates, with no need to remove them from workplace for processing.

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