Cette thèse porte sur les neuf principales public schools anglaises entre 1914 et 1951, de la Grande Guerre à la fin de l’expérience travailliste. Elle revient sur la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, dans laquelle sont progressivement remises en cause les valeurs de la masculinité chrétienne promues par les écoles, alors que la critique se fait aussi politique à l’égard d’un système privé perçu comme de plus en plus inégalitaire. Cette étude montre que pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les public schools confrontées aux bombardements, à la mobilisation, à l’évacuation et à l’effort de guerre, apparaissent plus en phase avec la communauté nationale et que les écoles manifestent la volonté de maintenir, au-delà des années de guerre, un esprit de coopération nationale. Ce travail suggère enfin que les réformes éducatives des années 1940, dont le Fleming Report qui recommandait l’admission de 25% d’élèves issus de l’enseignement public, peinent cependant à rapprocher les systèmes privé et public dans la période de l’après-guerre. / This thesis focuses on the nine leading English public schools from 1914 to 1951, i.e. from the Great War to the end of the first Labour majority governments. It looks back on the interwar years, when the Muscular Christian values championed by public schools were progressively challenged, and politicised criticism was levelled at the social exclusiveness of the private system. This study shows that during World War Two, public schools were confronted to bombings, the calling-up of masters, evacuation schemes and the war effort, and appeared more attuned to the national community. Lead players in the field of private education also expressed their wish to maintain a spirit of national cooperation beyond the war years. However, this work finally suggests that the educational reforms of the 1940s, including the Fleming Report, which recommended the admission of 25% of students from state schools, failed to bring public schools more in line with the state system in the post-war period.

O tema desta pesquisa é o Plano de Metas e seus possíveis efeitos no trabalho docente, com domínio de interesse no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O estudo também procura apresentar um breve e recente histórico das políticas de educação do Estado, no que tange ao período de transição do Programa Nova Escola para a implantação do Plano de Metas, procurando contextualizar o momento da implantação do Plano. Como desdobramento deste tema, buscase de um lado, analisar as características, estratégias e desdobramentos do Plano. De outro lado, como o profissional docente se relaciona com estas mudanças e quais alterações elas promovem no seu trabalho. A pesquisa tem como marco principal as reformas que adequam o estado burocrático ao modelo gerencial e as reformas educacionais brasileiras iniciadas na década de 1990 e seus impactos nas políticas estaduais fluminenses, apontando como ambas interferiram nas condições de trabalho dos professores no período de 1990 a 2013, sendo que o foco do estudo é o período de 2011 a 2013, momento da implementação do Plano de Metas. As análises tiveram por base a realização de pesquisa qualitativa, constituída por análise documental e procedimentos complementares, tendose por referencial teórico central o autor italiano Antônio Gramsci. Seus estudos foram de grande valia para analisarmos o Plano de Metas como um programa de ação que a todo tempo combina coerção e persuasão, com vistas ao controle do trabalho docente e ao fortalecimento da hegemonia do projeto político governamental. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, como recurso complementar, foram obtidas informações relevantes a respeito da avaliação dos professores em relação ao Plano, às experiências vinculadas a sua implementação, bem como a respeito dos impactos do Plano no seu trabalho. / This research focused on the Target Plan and its possible effects on teachers from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study also seeks to present a brief resume on the recent educational policies of the State, based on the Programa Nova Escola - Target Plan transition, contextualizing with the implementation moment. As an extension of this theme, we try to find the characteristics, strategies and developments of the Target Plan. As well as how teachers relates with these changes in their workplace. The research has a main landmark on reforms that adapt the bureaucratic state in the management model and the 90s Brazilian educational reforms. Focused in their impact on Rio de Janeiro state policies, pointing out how both interfered in the working conditions of teachers between 1990 and 2013. With an extra attention to the period from 2011 to 2013 Target Plan implementation years. The analysis were qualitative and the theoretical framework was the Italian author: Antonio Gramsci. His studies were important to the Target Plan analysis as a coercion and demand-control action program. Through semi-structured interviews methodology, we obtained the crucial elements to acquire the evaluation of teachers, in order to understand their experiences from the Target Plan implementation and verify their workplace impacts perception.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-10-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_al_me_mar.pdf: 318446 bytes, checksum: 8cabb861ee47aa73bd32b8d5cdd5d81c (MD5) / A avaliação externa tem se constituído uma política com presença marcante na escola pública atual como um meio de garantir ou assegurar a qualidade do ensino. Partindo da necessidade de o Estado avaliar o ensino oferecido, a avaliação vai além, servindo para atender às exigências dos organismos internacionais em um contexto marcado pela retirada do Estado, com políticas públicas de cunho neoliberal. Na escola, a avaliação do ensino como indicativo da qualidade tem sido objeto de muita discussão entre os professores causando muita polêmica. Assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar como a escola, na percepção da equipe gestora e dos professores organiza o trabalho pedagógico, a gestão da escola, tendo em vista as políticas de avaliação externa e a necessária qualidade do ensino. Foi realizada a pesquisa qualitativa, em uma escola da rede estadual do município de Cafelândia/SP seu objeto de estudo. Além do contato direto do investigador com a realidade investigada, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com a equipe gestora e com alguns professores, assim como um levantamento e estudo da bibliografia que aborda a temática da avaliação. As percepções dos sujeitos entrevistados, longe de um consenso, apresentam divergências. Enquanto a equipe gestora planeja o trabalho de acordo com as competências avaliadas externamente visando o alcance das metas propostas, os professores assumem uma posição contrária com ensino voltado para as necessidades dos alunos e, segundo os professores, os índices da avaliação externa não indicam a qualidade na e da escola / The evaluation expresses it has been constituting if a politics with outstanding presence in the current public school as a middle of to guarantee or to assure the quality of the teaching. Leaving of a need that the State has to evaluate the teaching that offers, the evaluation goes beyond, being to assist to the demands of the international organisms in a context marked by the retreat of the State with public politics of neoliberal stamp. In the school, the evaluation of the results of the teaching as indicative of the quality of the school has been object of a lot of discussion among the teachers causing a lot of controversy. Like this, this work has for objective to investigate as the school, in the team manager's perception and of the teachers it organizes the pedagogic work tends in view the evaluation politics it expresses and the necessary quality of the teaching. A qualitative research was accomplished, that did of a school of the state net of the municipal district Cafelândia/SP study object. Besides the direct contact of the investigator with the investigated reality, interviews were accomplished semistructured with the team manager and with some teachers, as well as a rising and study of the bibliography that it approaches this thematic one. The subjects interviewees' perceptions, far away from a consent, present divergences. While the team manager plans the work in agreement with the competences evaluated seeking the reach of the proposed goals, the teachers assume a position contrary with teaching gone back to the students' needs and, according to the teachers, the indexes of the evaluation express they don't indicate the quality in the and of the school

O tema desta pesquisa é o Plano de Metas e seus possíveis efeitos no trabalho docente, com domínio de interesse no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O estudo também procura apresentar um breve e recente histórico das políticas de educação do Estado, no que tange ao período de transição do Programa Nova Escola para a implantação do Plano de Metas, procurando contextualizar o momento da implantação do Plano. Como desdobramento deste tema, buscase de um lado, analisar as características, estratégias e desdobramentos do Plano. De outro lado, como o profissional docente se relaciona com estas mudanças e quais alterações elas promovem no seu trabalho. A pesquisa tem como marco principal as reformas que adequam o estado burocrático ao modelo gerencial e as reformas educacionais brasileiras iniciadas na década de 1990 e seus impactos nas políticas estaduais fluminenses, apontando como ambas interferiram nas condições de trabalho dos professores no período de 1990 a 2013, sendo que o foco do estudo é o período de 2011 a 2013, momento da implementação do Plano de Metas. As análises tiveram por base a realização de pesquisa qualitativa, constituída por análise documental e procedimentos complementares, tendose por referencial teórico central o autor italiano Antônio Gramsci. Seus estudos foram de grande valia para analisarmos o Plano de Metas como um programa de ação que a todo tempo combina coerção e persuasão, com vistas ao controle do trabalho docente e ao fortalecimento da hegemonia do projeto político governamental. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, como recurso complementar, foram obtidas informações relevantes a respeito da avaliação dos professores em relação ao Plano, às experiências vinculadas a sua implementação, bem como a respeito dos impactos do Plano no seu trabalho. / This research focused on the Target Plan and its possible effects on teachers from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study also seeks to present a brief resume on the recent educational policies of the State, based on the Programa Nova Escola - Target Plan transition, contextualizing with the implementation moment. As an extension of this theme, we try to find the characteristics, strategies and developments of the Target Plan. As well as how teachers relates with these changes in their workplace. The research has a main landmark on reforms that adapt the bureaucratic state in the management model and the 90s Brazilian educational reforms. Focused in their impact on Rio de Janeiro state policies, pointing out how both interfered in the working conditions of teachers between 1990 and 2013. With an extra attention to the period from 2011 to 2013 Target Plan implementation years. The analysis were qualitative and the theoretical framework was the Italian author: Antonio Gramsci. His studies were important to the Target Plan analysis as a coercion and demand-control action program. Through semi-structured interviews methodology, we obtained the crucial elements to acquire the evaluation of teachers, in order to understand their experiences from the Target Plan implementation and verify their workplace impacts perception.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-14T11:55:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 joseliolopesvalentimjunior.pdf: 8137715 bytes, checksum: 11a38a8a1ee15030396015030edcca40 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:03:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joseliolopesvalentimjunior.pdf: 8137715 bytes, checksum: 11a38a8a1ee15030396015030edcca40 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:03:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joseliolopesvalentimjunior.pdf: 8137715 bytes, checksum: 11a38a8a1ee15030396015030edcca40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T14:03:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joseliolopesvalentimjunior.pdf: 8137715 bytes, checksum: 11a38a8a1ee15030396015030edcca40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03 / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo produzir um estudo histórico sobre a trajetória da geometria analítica como conteúdo da matemática escolar no ensino secundário, no período compreendido entre 1940 e 1970. Nessa pesquisa, o recorte temporal ficou restrito ao período no qual estiveram em vigência a Reforma Gustavo Capanema, a Portaria Ministerial de 1951 e um movimento de dimensão internacional denominado Movimento da Matemática Moderna (MMM). A pesquisa, inserida no campo da história da educação matemática, tomou os livros didáticos dessa disciplina para o colégio como fonte de pesquisa. Visando analisar historicamente as mudanças ocorridas nos livros didáticos relativamente ao conteúdo de geometria analítica, o presente trabalho histórico se apoiou nos pressupostos teóricos de historiadores e historiadores da educação que discutem a história cultural, a cultura escolar, as disciplinas escolares e os livros didáticos como objetos históricos, as noções de apropriação, de estratégias e de táticas. A análise dos livros revelou obras semelhantes e convergentes com os programas tanto nas décadas de 1940 quanto 1950. Especificamente em relação à geometria analítica na década de 1940, essa se constituiu num dos blocos que compunham a matemática do colégio, ainda como herança da matemática fragmentada em ramos das décadas anteriores. Na década de 1950, a geometria analítica deixou de aparecer explicitamente e ficou diluída entre o estudo de limites e derivadas, e restrita ao estudo da reta e da circunferência. A geometria analítica ganhou força novamente com o advento do MMM. Porém, não se verificou a padronização observada nas décadas anteriores, ao que tudo indica pela ausência de uma orientação oficial. / This study aimed to produce a historical study of the trajectory of analytic geometry and content of mathematics in secondary education, in the period between 1940 and 1970. In this research, the time frame was restricted to the period in which the Reformation were in effect Capanema, the Ministerial Decree of 1951, and a movement of international dimension named Modern Mathematics Movement (MMM). The research, part of the field of the history of mathematics education, took the textbooks of this discipline to the college as a research resource. To analyze the changes that have occurred historically in textbooks regarding, the content of analytical geometry, this historical work was supported in theoretical assumptions of historians and historians of education to discuss the cultural history, the school culture, school subjects and textbooks as objects historical, notions of ownership, strategies and tactics. The analysis revealed similar works and books converged with both programs in the 1940s as in 1950. Specifically in relation to analytic geometry in 1940, this constituted one of the blocks that made up the mathematical school, even as a legacy of mathematics fragmented into branches of the previous decades. In the 1950s, analytic geometry stopped appearing explicitly and was diluted by the study of limits and derivatives, and restricted to the study of the line and the circle. Analytic geometry has gained momentum again with the advent of the MMM. However, there was no standardization observed in previous decades, it seems the lack of official guidance.

Les politiques éducatives se multiplient à l’échelle des pays industrialisés mais celles-ci semblent rencontrer de graves problèmes d’atteinte de résultats concrets et satisfaisants. La mise en œuvre d’une politique, notamment les stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » sélectionnées, c’est-à-dire des stratégies d’implantation de politiques qui misent à la fois sur des stratégies « top-down » et aussi « bottom-up », semble être un élément-clé à considérer pour leur efficience (Gather-Thurler, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004; Fullan, 2005, 2007). Or, les connaissances concernant ces stratégies de mise en œuvre sont partielles, encore peu développées et les raisons qui expliquent ces choix politiques se font rares; ce qui rend la production de politiques effectives et durables difficile (Fullan, 2000; Leithwood et Earl, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004). Le Québec a entrepris, en 1997, une réforme à grande échelle de son système d’éducation; réforme qui mise explicitement sur des stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » pour sa réalisation. Cette étude s’attarde à cette réforme, plus spécifiquement à sa réforme du curriculum au primaire, afin de : 1) retracer les grands moments-clés de la mise en œuvre de la politique associés aux différentes dimensions du concept d’« hybridité »; 2) identifier et décrire les stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » qui leur sont associées; 3) formuler des hypothèses explicatives provisoires et les valider; 4) élaborer un modèle explicatif et 5) expliciter l’incidence du modèle proposé sur les théories existantes. Cette étude de cas est effectuée par l’entremise de deux formes de cueillette de données complémentaires : une analyse documentaire et des entrevues semi-dirigées. Une analyse documentaire est réalisée à partir des documents formels de l’autorité publique (N=14) et d’une revue de presse, de 1995 à 2003 (N=648). Les entrevues (N=23) visent, pour leur part, à recueillir les propos des : 1) concepteurs et décideurs; 2) opérationnalisateurs; 3) concepteurs-opérationnalisateurs et 4) experts. La combinaison des données recueillies permet d’établir la comparaison entre le processus et la structure (Meny et Thoenig, 1989), le prescriptif et l’effectif, afin de comprendre la vraie dynamique qui a animé le processus de mise en œuvre de la politique étudiée. Ainsi, l’examen du processus de mise en œuvre de la réforme du curriculum québécois du primaire permet de retracer le modèle d’implantation de la politique curriculaire québécoise. Ce modèle d’implantation novateur fait état du fait que des stratégies hybrides non improvisées et exigeantes furent pensées et proposées par les autorités québécoises. Ce modèle d’implantation élaboré permettait de penser que la politique curriculaire québécoise allait, possiblement, permettre d’obtenir des résultats tangibles et durables dans les milieux scolaires. L’analyse de la structure de mise en œuvre révèle, pour sa part, que les stratégies d’implantation qui se sont déployées sur le terrain rejoignaient presqu’intégralement les stratégies « hybrides » initialement prévues. Le processus d’implantation a cependant connu une évolution différente de celle attendue. La mise en œuvre concrète qui s’est vécue sur le terrain fut difficile et hasardeuse, malgré l’approche « hybride » adoptée. Les éléments qui expliquent les difficultés d’implantation vécues sont présentés et analysés dans cette étude. / Industrialized countries are implementing more and more educational policies, but these policies face serious problems in their attempts at obtaining concrete and satisfying results. The implementation of a policy, especially the “hybrid” government strategies selected, e.g. policy implementation strategies that rely on both “top-down” and “bottom-up” strategies, seems to be a key element to consider ensuring their efficiency (Gather Thurler, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004; Fullan, 2005, 2007). However, knowledge of these implementation strategies is incomplete and underdeveloped, and the reasons behind these political choices are rare. All this makes the development of actual and sustainable policies difficult (Fullan, 2000; Leithwood & Earl, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004). In 1997, Quebec implemented a large-scale reform of its educational system, which focused explicitly on “hybrid” government strategies for its success. The present study focuses on this reform, more specifically on the changes to the elementary school curriculum, in order to: 1) recount the key moments of the implementation of the policy associated with the different dimensions of the concept of “hybridity”; 2) identify and describe the government strategies; 3) formulate provisional explanatory hypotheses and validate them; 4) develop an explanatory model; 5) explain the impact of the proposed model on existing theories. This case study used two complementary data collection methods: a review of the literature and semi-structured interviews. The review of literature was based on formal documents from the government (N=14) and a media review, from 1995 to 2003 (N=648). The interviews (N=23) aimed to collect the comments of 1) idea men and policy-makers; 2) policy implementers; 3) idea men and policy implementers; 4) experts. The combination of the data collected establishes a comparison between the process and the structure (Meny & Thoenig, 1989), the prescriptive and the actual, in order to understand the real dynamic behind the implementation process studied. Thus, through the study of the implementation process of the Quebec elementary school curriculum reform, we can recount the implementation model of Quebec’s curricular policy. This innovative implementation model shows that non-improvised and demanding hybrid strategies were thought out and proposed by the Quebec government. This elaborate implementation model led to the belief that the Quebec curricular policy could possibly obtain tangible and sustainable results in schools. Analysis of the implementation structure reveals that the implementation strategies in the field stuck closely to the “hybrid” strategies originally planned. However, the implementation process did not evolve in the expected way. The actual implementation in the field was difficult and risky, despite the “hybrid” approach adopted. The elements explaining the implementation problems are presented and analyzed in this study.

Les politiques éducatives se multiplient à l’échelle des pays industrialisés mais celles-ci semblent rencontrer de graves problèmes d’atteinte de résultats concrets et satisfaisants. La mise en œuvre d’une politique, notamment les stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » sélectionnées, c’est-à-dire des stratégies d’implantation de politiques qui misent à la fois sur des stratégies « top-down » et aussi « bottom-up », semble être un élément-clé à considérer pour leur efficience (Gather-Thurler, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004; Fullan, 2005, 2007). Or, les connaissances concernant ces stratégies de mise en œuvre sont partielles, encore peu développées et les raisons qui expliquent ces choix politiques se font rares; ce qui rend la production de politiques effectives et durables difficile (Fullan, 2000; Leithwood et Earl, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004). Le Québec a entrepris, en 1997, une réforme à grande échelle de son système d’éducation; réforme qui mise explicitement sur des stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » pour sa réalisation. Cette étude s’attarde à cette réforme, plus spécifiquement à sa réforme du curriculum au primaire, afin de : 1) retracer les grands moments-clés de la mise en œuvre de la politique associés aux différentes dimensions du concept d’« hybridité »; 2) identifier et décrire les stratégies gouvernementales « hybrides » qui leur sont associées; 3) formuler des hypothèses explicatives provisoires et les valider; 4) élaborer un modèle explicatif et 5) expliciter l’incidence du modèle proposé sur les théories existantes. Cette étude de cas est effectuée par l’entremise de deux formes de cueillette de données complémentaires : une analyse documentaire et des entrevues semi-dirigées. Une analyse documentaire est réalisée à partir des documents formels de l’autorité publique (N=14) et d’une revue de presse, de 1995 à 2003 (N=648). Les entrevues (N=23) visent, pour leur part, à recueillir les propos des : 1) concepteurs et décideurs; 2) opérationnalisateurs; 3) concepteurs-opérationnalisateurs et 4) experts. La combinaison des données recueillies permet d’établir la comparaison entre le processus et la structure (Meny et Thoenig, 1989), le prescriptif et l’effectif, afin de comprendre la vraie dynamique qui a animé le processus de mise en œuvre de la politique étudiée. Ainsi, l’examen du processus de mise en œuvre de la réforme du curriculum québécois du primaire permet de retracer le modèle d’implantation de la politique curriculaire québécoise. Ce modèle d’implantation novateur fait état du fait que des stratégies hybrides non improvisées et exigeantes furent pensées et proposées par les autorités québécoises. Ce modèle d’implantation élaboré permettait de penser que la politique curriculaire québécoise allait, possiblement, permettre d’obtenir des résultats tangibles et durables dans les milieux scolaires. L’analyse de la structure de mise en œuvre révèle, pour sa part, que les stratégies d’implantation qui se sont déployées sur le terrain rejoignaient presqu’intégralement les stratégies « hybrides » initialement prévues. Le processus d’implantation a cependant connu une évolution différente de celle attendue. La mise en œuvre concrète qui s’est vécue sur le terrain fut difficile et hasardeuse, malgré l’approche « hybride » adoptée. Les éléments qui expliquent les difficultés d’implantation vécues sont présentés et analysés dans cette étude. / Industrialized countries are implementing more and more educational policies, but these policies face serious problems in their attempts at obtaining concrete and satisfying results. The implementation of a policy, especially the “hybrid” government strategies selected, e.g. policy implementation strategies that rely on both “top-down” and “bottom-up” strategies, seems to be a key element to consider ensuring their efficiency (Gather Thurler, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004; Fullan, 2005, 2007). However, knowledge of these implementation strategies is incomplete and underdeveloped, and the reasons behind these political choices are rare. All this makes the development of actual and sustainable policies difficult (Fullan, 2000; Leithwood & Earl, 2000; Van Zanten, 2004). In 1997, Quebec implemented a large-scale reform of its educational system, which focused explicitly on “hybrid” government strategies for its success. The present study focuses on this reform, more specifically on the changes to the elementary school curriculum, in order to: 1) recount the key moments of the implementation of the policy associated with the different dimensions of the concept of “hybridity”; 2) identify and describe the government strategies; 3) formulate provisional explanatory hypotheses and validate them; 4) develop an explanatory model; 5) explain the impact of the proposed model on existing theories. This case study used two complementary data collection methods: a review of the literature and semi-structured interviews. The review of literature was based on formal documents from the government (N=14) and a media review, from 1995 to 2003 (N=648). The interviews (N=23) aimed to collect the comments of 1) idea men and policy-makers; 2) policy implementers; 3) idea men and policy implementers; 4) experts. The combination of the data collected establishes a comparison between the process and the structure (Meny & Thoenig, 1989), the prescriptive and the actual, in order to understand the real dynamic behind the implementation process studied. Thus, through the study of the implementation process of the Quebec elementary school curriculum reform, we can recount the implementation model of Quebec’s curricular policy. This innovative implementation model shows that non-improvised and demanding hybrid strategies were thought out and proposed by the Quebec government. This elaborate implementation model led to the belief that the Quebec curricular policy could possibly obtain tangible and sustainable results in schools. Analysis of the implementation structure reveals that the implementation strategies in the field stuck closely to the “hybrid” strategies originally planned. However, the implementation process did not evolve in the expected way. The actual implementation in the field was difficult and risky, despite the “hybrid” approach adopted. The elements explaining the implementation problems are presented and analyzed in this study.

The original purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of setting up a school in Aotearoa (New Zealand) that operates according to the principles and philosophies of Summerhill School in Suffolk, England. An examination of Summerhill School is therefore the purpose of this study, particularly because of its commitment to self-regulation and direct democracy for children. My argument within this study is that Summerhill presents precisely the type of model Māori as Tangata Whenua (Indigenous people of Aotearoa) need in our design of an alternative schooling programme, given that self-regulation and direct democracy are traits conducive to achieving Tino Rangitiratanga (Self-government, autonomy and control). In claiming this however, not only would Tangata Whenua benefit from this model of schooling; indeed it has the potential to serve the purpose of all people regardless of age race or gender. At present, no school in Aotearoa has replicated Summerhill's principles and philosophies in their entirety. Given the constraints of a Master's thesis, this piece of work is therefore only intended as a theoretical background study for a much larger kaupapa (purpose). It is my intention to produce a further and more comprehensive study in the future using Summerhill as a vehicle to initiate a model school in Aotearoa that is completely antithetical to the dominant neo-liberal philosophy of our age. To this end, my study intends to demonstrate how neo-liberal schooling is universally dictated by global money market trends, and how it is an ideology fueled by the indifferent acceptance of the general population. In other words, neo-liberal theory is a theory of capitalist colonisation. In order to address the long term vision, this project will be comprised of two major components. The first will be a study of the principal philosophies that govern Summerhill School. As I will argue, Summerhill creates an environment that is uniquely successful and fulfilling for the children who attend. At the same time, it will also be shown how it is a philosophy that is entirely contrary to a neo-liberal 3 mindset; an antidote, to a certain extent, to the ills of contemporary schooling. The second component will address the historical movement of schooling in Aotearoa since the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1984, and how the New Zealand Curriculum has been affected by these changes. I intend to trace the importation of neo-liberal methodologies into Aotearoa such as the 'Picot Taskforce,' 'Tomorrows Schools' and 'Bulk Funding,' to name but a few. The neo-liberal ideologies that have swept through this country in the last two decades have relentlessly metamorphosised departments into businesses and forced ministries into the marketplace, hence causing the 'ideological reduction of education' and confining it to the parameters of schooling. The purpose of this research project is to act as a catalyst for the ultimate materialization of an original vision; the implementation of a school like Summerhill in Aotearoa. A study of the neo-liberal ideologies that currently dominate this country is imperative in order to understand the current schooling situation in Aotearoa and create an informed comparison between the 'learning for freedom' style of Summerhill and the 'learning to earn' style of our status quo schools. It is my hope to strengthen the argument in favour of Summerhill philosophy by offering an understanding of the difference between the two completely opposing methods of learning.