Global ETD Search

31	"Recuperação do enxofre (34S) aplicado ao solo em cultivos sucessivos com milho ou soja e alfafa" / Recovery of sulfur (34S) applied to soils in consecutive grown with corn or soybean and alfalfa Teixeira, Gleuber Mariano 26 April 2004 (has links) O enxofre é um dos nutrientes de planta que vem recebendo pouca atenção em estudos de fertilidade de solos, ficando relegado à poucas pesquisas no mundo. Os estudos enfocando o elemento têm indicado deficiências de enxofre nas culturas, em áreas com agricultura intensiva. Neste contexto, o trabalho desenvolvido em condições de casa-de-vegetação, no CENA/USP, em Piracicaba, SP, teve por objetivos: a) avaliar o aproveitamento pelas culturas de milho (Zea mays (L.)) e soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill) do enxofre aplicado ao solo na forma de sulfato (Na234SO4) (Experimento I); b) avaliar o aproveitamento pela cultura da alfafa (Mendicago sativa (L.)) (Experimento II) do S-fertilizante residual deixado no solo ao final do experimento I; c) avaliar a distribuição do S-fertilizante no sistema solo-planta nos experimentos I e II e sua recuperação global após cultivos sucessivos de milho ou soja e alfafa. A técnica isotópica com uso do isótopo estável 34S foi a ferramenta utilizada nas avaliações da distribuição do enxofre no sistema solo-planta. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em vasos sem drenagem contendo 7 kg de solo. Foram usados dois tipos de solos contrastantes, um argiloso (Nitossolo Vermelho eutrófico) e outro arenoso (Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico). Os fatores de estudo do experimento I foram: 2 tipos de solo, duas culturas (milho e soja) e 2 marcações da fonte de S (Na2SO4): enriquecida ou empobrecida no 34S (em média: 9,0 ou 2,5 % em átomos de 34S respectivamente). No experimento II os fatores solo e fonte de S foram iguais ao do experimento I, sendo os demais fatores o efeito das culturas antecessoras (milho ou soja) e a planta extratora (alfafa). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Na colheita, foram separadas amostras de planta: raízes e parte aérea, sendo também amostrado o solo. Foram realizadas determinações de S-total e de abundância de 34S em amostras vegetais e de solo. No experimento I, a percentagem do S na planta derivado do fertilizante (%Sdff) foi em média de 40% para as culturas de milho e soja, indicando baixa mineralização do enxofre. A %Sdff na alfafa, cultivada em sucessão às culturas de milho e soja que receberam fertilização do solo, foi da ordem 40-50%, revelando a tendência do enxofre em permanecer no solo. A percentagem do S na planta derivado do fertilizante em cultivos consecutivos, no solo arenoso, foi maior na sucessão milho-alfafa (19%) que na soja-alfafa (6,6%). O efeito residual do S-fertilizante no solo foi 20% maior na sucessão soja-alfafa, podendo esse efeito indicar possíveis perdas do sistema solo-planta. O método de determinação de S-total em solos interferiu na recuperação do S-fertilizante no sistema solo-planta, principalmente no solo argiloso. / Sulfur is a plant nutrients which has been receiving little attention in studies of soil fertility, so it has been limited to a few researches in the world. Studies focusing this element have indicated sulfur deficiency in crops grown in intensive agriculture areas. In this context, this research was carried out in under greenhouse conditions at CENA/USP (Piracicaba - SP) with the objectives of evaluating: a) the use of the applied sulfur as sulfate (Na234SO4) by corn (Zea mays (L.)) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) crops (Experiment I); b) the use by alfalfa (Mendicago sativa (L.)) (Experiment II) of the residual fertilizer-S left in the soil at the end of the experiment I (Experiment II); c) the fertilizer-S distribution in the soil-plant system in the experiments I and II and its overall recovery after consecutive cultivations with corn or soybean and alfalfa. The isotopic technique with the stable isotope 34S was the tool used to evaluate the sulfur distribution in the soil-plant system. The experiments were carried out in pots without drainage containing 7 kg of soil. Two types of contrasting soils were used, a clay soil (Kandiudalfic Eutrodox) and a sandy (Rhodic Hapludox). The study factors of the experiment I were: two soil types, two crops (corn and soybean) and two labeled forms of the S source (Na2SO4): enriched or depleted in the 34S (on average: 9.0 and 2.5 atoms % of 34S respectively). In experiment II the soil and S source labeling were the same as in the experiment I, the same pots were grown with alfalfa. A randomized experimental design with four replicates was used. At harvest, the plant samples were separated in: roots and above ground, and the soil was. Determinations of total-S and abundance of 34S were accomplished in plant and soil samples. In the experiment I, the percentage sulfur in the plant derived from the fertilizer (Sdff%) was on average of 40% to corn and soybean, indicating low sulfur mineralization. The %Sdff in alfalfa grown after corn or soybean that received S fertilization reached 40-50%, showing the tendency for fertilizer-S to remain in the soil. The percentage sulfur in the plant derived from the fertilizer in consecutive cultivations, in the sandy soil, was higher in corn-alfalfa (19%) than in soybean-alfalfa (6.6%) succession. The fertilizer-S residual effect in the soil was 20% higher in soybean-alfalfa succession, so this result indicates possible losses from soil-plant system. The determination method of total-S content in the soil interfered with the fertilizer-S recovery in soil-plant system, mainly in the clay soil. Cultivo sequencial Diluição isotópica Efeito residual Enxofre 34 Espectrometria de massas Fertilidade do solo Fertilizantes sulfatados Isotope diluition Isótopos estáveis mass spectrometry residual efect Sequential cultive Soil fertility stable isotope sulfate fertilizer sulfur 34
32	Μελέτη της μη γραμμικής οπτικής απόκρισης φουλλερενικών παραγώγων και νανοσωματιδίων για εφαρμογές σε διατάξεις οπτικών αισθητήρων / Investigation of the nonlinear optical response of fullerene derivatives and nanoparticles for optical sensing applications Ηλιόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος 27 May 2009 (has links) Στην παρούσα εργασία ερευνάται η τρίτης τάξης μη γραμμική απόκριση διαφόρων υλικών τα οποία μελετήθηκαν σε μορφή διαλυμάτων ή λεπτών υμενίων. Αρχικά περιγράφονται βασικές έννοιες της μη γραμμικής οπτικής, μερικών σημαντικών φυσικών διαδικασιών που σχετίζονται με αυτή, καθώς και των διαφόρων μηχανισμών που μπορούν να συνεισφέρουν στο μη γραμμικό δείκτη διάθλασης. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται η μη γραμμική οπτική απόκριση νανοδομών Au, Pd και Ag. Με τη βοήθεια πολυμερών αποτρέπεται η συσσωμάτωση και καθίζηση του μετάλλου και επιτυγχάνεται η δημιουργία μεταλλικών νανοσωματιδίων συγκεκριμένω διαστάσεων. Επίσης μελετάται η μη γραμμικότητα TiO2, φουλλερενικών παραγώγων και μοριακών μηχανών. Η μεγάλη απόκριση των συστημάτων αυτών σε συνδυασμό με την έντονη εξάρτησή της από διάφορες μορφολογικές/δομικές παραμέτρους καθιστά τα συστήματα αυτά πολύ χρήσιμα για φωτονικές εφαρμογές. / In this work the third order nonlinear optical response of several photonic materials, has been investigated. These materials were in the form of solutions, colloids or thin films. Initially some basic concepts of nonlinear optics, the physical processes related with it, as well as the physical mechanisms related to the nonlinear refractive index are presented. Then, the nonlinear optical response of Au, Pd and Ag nanoparticles is presented. By using polymers, formation of nanoparticles exhibiting specific sizes can be achieved. Furthermore the polymer does not allow metal aggregation in the system. The nonlinearity of TiO2 films, fullerene derivatives and molecular engines is also investigate. The large response of these systems, combined with the strong dependence on several morphological/structural parameters makes them very promising candidates for several photonic applications. Νανοσωματίδια Φουλλερένια Οπτικοί αισθητήρες Οπτικό φαινόμενο Kerr Z - scan Μοριακές μηχανές Μεταφορά φορτίου 535.2 Nonlinear optical responce Nanoparticles Fullerenes Optical sensors Optical Kerr efect Z - scan Molecular Engines Charge Transfer
33	"Recuperação do enxofre (34S) aplicado ao solo em cultivos sucessivos com milho ou soja e alfafa" / Recovery of sulfur (34S) applied to soils in consecutive grown with corn or soybean and alfalfa Gleuber Mariano Teixeira 26 April 2004 (has links) O enxofre é um dos nutrientes de planta que vem recebendo pouca atenção em estudos de fertilidade de solos, ficando relegado à poucas pesquisas no mundo. Os estudos enfocando o elemento têm indicado deficiências de enxofre nas culturas, em áreas com agricultura intensiva. Neste contexto, o trabalho desenvolvido em condições de casa-de-vegetação, no CENA/USP, em Piracicaba, SP, teve por objetivos: a) avaliar o aproveitamento pelas culturas de milho (Zea mays (L.)) e soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill) do enxofre aplicado ao solo na forma de sulfato (Na234SO4) (Experimento I); b) avaliar o aproveitamento pela cultura da alfafa (Mendicago sativa (L.)) (Experimento II) do S-fertilizante residual deixado no solo ao final do experimento I; c) avaliar a distribuição do S-fertilizante no sistema solo-planta nos experimentos I e II e sua recuperação global após cultivos sucessivos de milho ou soja e alfafa. A técnica isotópica com uso do isótopo estável 34S foi a ferramenta utilizada nas avaliações da distribuição do enxofre no sistema solo-planta. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em vasos sem drenagem contendo 7 kg de solo. Foram usados dois tipos de solos contrastantes, um argiloso (Nitossolo Vermelho eutrófico) e outro arenoso (Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico). Os fatores de estudo do experimento I foram: 2 tipos de solo, duas culturas (milho e soja) e 2 marcações da fonte de S (Na2SO4): enriquecida ou empobrecida no 34S (em média: 9,0 ou 2,5 % em átomos de 34S respectivamente). No experimento II os fatores solo e fonte de S foram iguais ao do experimento I, sendo os demais fatores o efeito das culturas antecessoras (milho ou soja) e a planta extratora (alfafa). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Na colheita, foram separadas amostras de planta: raízes e parte aérea, sendo também amostrado o solo. Foram realizadas determinações de S-total e de abundância de 34S em amostras vegetais e de solo. No experimento I, a percentagem do S na planta derivado do fertilizante (%Sdff) foi em média de 40% para as culturas de milho e soja, indicando baixa mineralização do enxofre. A %Sdff na alfafa, cultivada em sucessão às culturas de milho e soja que receberam fertilização do solo, foi da ordem 40-50%, revelando a tendência do enxofre em permanecer no solo. A percentagem do S na planta derivado do fertilizante em cultivos consecutivos, no solo arenoso, foi maior na sucessão milho-alfafa (19%) que na soja-alfafa (6,6%). O efeito residual do S-fertilizante no solo foi 20% maior na sucessão soja-alfafa, podendo esse efeito indicar possíveis perdas do sistema solo-planta. O método de determinação de S-total em solos interferiu na recuperação do S-fertilizante no sistema solo-planta, principalmente no solo argiloso. / Sulfur is a plant nutrients which has been receiving little attention in studies of soil fertility, so it has been limited to a few researches in the world. Studies focusing this element have indicated sulfur deficiency in crops grown in intensive agriculture areas. In this context, this research was carried out in under greenhouse conditions at CENA/USP (Piracicaba - SP) with the objectives of evaluating: a) the use of the applied sulfur as sulfate (Na234SO4) by corn (Zea mays (L.)) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) crops (Experiment I); b) the use by alfalfa (Mendicago sativa (L.)) (Experiment II) of the residual fertilizer-S left in the soil at the end of the experiment I (Experiment II); c) the fertilizer-S distribution in the soil-plant system in the experiments I and II and its overall recovery after consecutive cultivations with corn or soybean and alfalfa. The isotopic technique with the stable isotope 34S was the tool used to evaluate the sulfur distribution in the soil-plant system. The experiments were carried out in pots without drainage containing 7 kg of soil. Two types of contrasting soils were used, a clay soil (Kandiudalfic Eutrodox) and a sandy (Rhodic Hapludox). The study factors of the experiment I were: two soil types, two crops (corn and soybean) and two labeled forms of the S source (Na2SO4): enriched or depleted in the 34S (on average: 9.0 and 2.5 atoms % of 34S respectively). In experiment II the soil and S source labeling were the same as in the experiment I, the same pots were grown with alfalfa. A randomized experimental design with four replicates was used. At harvest, the plant samples were separated in: roots and above ground, and the soil was. Determinations of total-S and abundance of 34S were accomplished in plant and soil samples. In the experiment I, the percentage sulfur in the plant derived from the fertilizer (Sdff%) was on average of 40% to corn and soybean, indicating low sulfur mineralization. The %Sdff in alfalfa grown after corn or soybean that received S fertilization reached 40-50%, showing the tendency for fertilizer-S to remain in the soil. The percentage sulfur in the plant derived from the fertilizer in consecutive cultivations, in the sandy soil, was higher in corn-alfalfa (19%) than in soybean-alfalfa (6.6%) succession. The fertilizer-S residual effect in the soil was 20% higher in soybean-alfalfa succession, so this result indicates possible losses from soil-plant system. The determination method of total-S content in the soil interfered with the fertilizer-S recovery in soil-plant system, mainly in the clay soil. Cultivo sequencial Diluição isotópica Efeito residual Enxofre 34 Espectrometria de massas Fertilidade do solo Fertilizantes sulfatados Isótopos estáveis Isotope diluition mass spectrometry residual efect Sequential cultive Soil fertility stable isotope sulfate fertilizer sulfur 34
34	Camino de Santiago: poutnictví jako faktor regionálního vývoje / Camino de Santiago: pilgrimage as the phenomenom of regional development Vaverková, Inka January 2010 (has links) The Way to Saint James is presented from two points of view. First, its character and its position in the pilgrimage - tourism continuum are subjects of the research. The position's analysis is based on dataset created by the Office for pilgrims in Santiago de Compostela about the pilgrims' motivation. The pilgrimage's position in the pilgrimage - tourism continuum has been getting closer to the limit between the spiritual and the profane during last years but it has not been reached yet. Then, the influence of the pilgrimage in a regional development is analyzed. The existence of the diffusion effect is examined in a study of model localities. The towns of Palas de Rei and Taboada, both in the Lugo region, have been chosen to examine the existence of this influence. The towns of Puente la Reina/Gares in the Navarra region, Nájera in the La Rioja region, Sahagún in the León region and Palas de Rein in the Lugo region have been chosen to examine the diffusion effect. The existence of the regional development is confirmed by increasing number of hotels and restaurants but not in the socioeconomic development. The diffusion effect is not confirmed. KEY WORDS: geography of religion, religious tourism, Spain, Way to Saint James (Camino de Santiago), pilgrimage - tourism continuum, diffusion efect
35	Calibration d’un détecteur HVeV en utilisant des neutrons de 56 keV De Brienne, François 08 1900 (has links) L'un des grands mystères de la physique qu'il nous reste à élucider est d'identifier de quoi est composée la matière sombre. L'expérience SuperCDMS a décidé de se pencher sur la question il y a plus de 20 ans. Nous utilisons des détecteurs semi-conducteurs qui mesurent le signal de phonons engendré par des événements de recul.Nous mesurons également l'énergie déposée sous forme de d'ionisation à l'aide de l'effet Neganov-Trofimov-Luke (NTL) qui produit des phonons d'énergie totale proportionnelle à l'énergie d'ionisation initiale. Pour ce faire, nous appliquons un voltage sur le détecteur qui amplifie également le signal par un facteur proportionnel au voltage appliqué. Nous sommes allés à TUNL en Caroline du Nord, afin de calibrer notre détecteur HVeV fait d'un cristal de silicium. Le but de cette calibration est de déterminer le taux d'ionisation produit par des reculs nucléaires produits par le faisceau de neutrons fourni par TUNL. Cette mesure est importante puisque le taux d'ionisation est atténué pour le recul nucléaire par rapport au recul électronique et qu'il détermine l'amplification du signal par l'effet NTL. Nous avons utilisé des scintillateurs liquides couplés à des PMTs afin de déterminer l'énergie déposée dans le HVeV en les positionnant à des angles de diffusion précis. Nous avons jusqu'ici uniquement effectué l'analyse des données pour lesquelles il n'y a pas d'amplification NTL. Par conséquant, nous ne pouvons pas encore déterminer le taux d'ionisation. Cependant, nous concluons que notre méthode d'analyse est valide et que l'énergie déposée dans le HVeV est bien celle qui correspond aux angles de diffusion auxquels nous avions placé nos PMTs. / One of the biggest mysteries left to be solved in physics is the question of what dark matter is made of. The SuperCDMS experiment decided to explore this question and has done so for the last 20 years. We use semiconducting detectors that measure phonon signals generated by recoils. The HVeV detectors also use the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke (NTL) effect to generate a phonon signal proportional to the ionization signal that is also produced by the recoil. To do so, we apply a voltage bias the HVeV detector, which also amplify the signal by a factor proportional to the bias. We went to TUNL in North Carolina to calibrate our HVeV detector, made of a silicon crystal. The goal of the experiment is to determine the ionization yield of the nuclear recoil produced by the neutron beam provided to us by TUNL. This measurement is important since the ionization yield is dampened for nuclear recoil compared to electronic recoil and is linked to the gain of the signal in the HVeV. We use liquid scintillators coupled to PMTs to determine the energy deposited in the HVeV using the scattering angle between the HVeV and the chosen position of the PMTs. At this point, we only have the analyses for the data with no NTL gain, meaning that we do not yet have a measure for the ionization yield. Still, this analysis allowed us to validate our analysis method and the energy deposited in the HVeV for coincident events with PMTs of different position. Matière sombre WIMP Détection direct SuperCDMS Calibration Taux d'ionisation effet Neganov-Trofimov-Luke scintillateurs liquide Dark matter Direct detection Ionization Yield Neganov-Trofimov-Luke efect liquid scintilators
36	När temperaturerna stiger : Ett gestaltande arbete om förtätning och värmeöar Thavelin, Anna, Bowall, Lisa January 2024 (has links) With the urbanization of Swedish cities, densification has emerged as a sustainable ideal in urban planning. As new buildings and hard surfaces replace more green spaces and open areas, the Earth´s climate is becoming warmer, and the consequences of rising temperatures are becoming more tangible. In densely built environments, the warm climate is further exacerbated due to the urban heat island effect, which means that the temperature difference between urban and rural areas can reach several degrees. This affects the local climate and has serious consequences for the people who live and stay in the cities, including increased heat stress and health risks. Through climate-conscious planning, where heat-reducing measures are implemented, the heat island effect can be mitigated and thereby creating favorable urban climates. This work focuses on the impact of the densification ideal on the heat island effect and human living environments. In the literature review, heat islands and their consequences are discussed to emphasize the importance of planning for rising temperatures and to identify temperature-reducing measures. The study examines a typical densification project to understand how heat-reducing measures can be integrated into existing urban areas and suggest actions that should be introduced early in the planning process. The measures have been proposed using two methods; a qualitative document study and a site analysis. The site analysis conducted in Ebbepark, Linköping aimed to create an understanding of aspects in the built environment. Through the site analysis and document study, proposals for measures were developed, which then formed the basis for the design proposal in Ebbepark. The results showed that the integration of heat-reducing measures in densely built areas significantly contributes to the improvement of people´s living environments by counteracting the heat island effect and creating a more pleasant microclimate. Implementation of vegetation, high-reflective materials, and water features results in significant temperature reductions. To effectively counteract the heat island effect, these measures can be integrated into urban planning, both in new and existing densification areas. Heat-reducing measures should also be incorporated into municipalities’ overall planning documents to promote the development of sustainable and resilient urban environments. / I takt med urbaniseringen av Sveriges städer har förtätning växt fram som ett hållbart ideal i den fysiska planeringen. Under tiden som ny bebyggelse och hårdgjorda ytor ersätter allt fler grönområden och friytor blir jordens klimat allt varmare och de stigande temperaturernas konsekvenser mer påtagliga. I den tätbebyggda miljön förstärks det varma klimatet ytterligare med anledning av den urbana värmeöeffekten, som innebär att skillnaden i temperatur mellan stad och landsbygd kan nå flera grader. Detta påverkar det lokala klimatet och får allvarliga konsekvenser för de människor som bor och vistas i städerna, däribland ökad värmestress och hälsorisker. Genom en klimatmedveten planering där värmereducerande åtgärder implementeras kan värmeöeffekten mildras och därmed goda stadsklimat skapas. Arbetet handlar om förtätningsidealets påverkan på värmeöeffekten och människans livsmiljö. I kunskapsöversikten behandlas värmeöar och dess konsekvenser för att betona vikten av att planera för stigande temperaturer samt för att kunna identifiera temperaturreducerande åtgärder. Arbetet undersöker ett typiskt förtätningsprojekt för att förstå hur värmereducerande åtgärder kan integreras i befintliga områden och föreslår åtgärder som bör införas tidigt i planeringsprocessen. Åtgärderna har föreslagits med hjälp av två metoder; en kvalitativ dokumentstudie och en platsanalys. Platsanalysen som genomförts i Ebbepark, Linköping syftade till att skapa förståelse för aspekter i den byggda miljön. Genom platsanalysen och dokumentstudien kunde förslag på åtgärder tas fram, vilka sedan lade grund för gestaltningsförslaget i Ebbepark. Arbetets resultat visade att integreringen av värmereducerande åtgärder i tätbebyggda områden avsevärt bidrar till förbättringen av människors livsmiljö genom att motverka värmeöeffekten och skapa ett mer behagligt mikroklimat. Implementering av vegetation, högreflekterande material och vatteninslag resulterar i betydande temperaturminskningar. För att effektivt motverka värmeöeffekten kan dessa åtgärder integreras i den fysiska planeringen, både i nya och befintliga förtätningsområden. Värmereducerande åtgärder bör också införlivas i kommuners övergripande planeringsdokument för att främja utvecklingen av hållbara och motståndskraftiga urbana miljöer. urban heat island urban heat island efect densifcation densley built environments living environment microclimate thermal comfort global warming temperature värmeö värmeöefekt förtätning tätbebyggda miljöer livsmiljö mikroklimat termisk komfort global uppvärmning temperatur Social Sciences Interdisciplinary
37	Kvantifikace nejistot měření magnetických veličin / Measurement of magnetic quantities - estimation of the uncertainty Šlichta, Pavol January 2016 (has links) This Master’s thesis contains an overview of determining measurement uncertainties of direct and indirect measurements. It describes a way of creating a magnetic field with the help of Helmholtz coil and a more detailed description of some principles of magnetic field sensors. This thesis also contains a description of the experiments and the factors influencing them. The last part deals with the quantification of uncertainties from measured experiments and with the discussion of the results from these measurements.
38	Construção de um sistema experimental para desaceleração de átomos. / Construction of an experimental system for stopping atoms. Firmino, Marcel Eduardo 21 March 1991 (has links) Neste trabalho apresentamos a construção e teste de um sistema experimental que nos permite produzir um fluxo intenso de átomos lentos. Discutimos o desenho e construção do solenóide que compensa o efeito Doppler que surge durante o processo de desaceleração, as câmaras de vácuo, o forno que gera o feixe atômico e o sistema ótico utilizado. Estudamos a técnica de desaceleração de átomos pelo ajuste Zeeman. Uma nova técnica de observação que consiste no acompanhamento da fluorescência do feixe ao longo do caminho de desaceleração é usada, o que nos permite uma observação direta do processo. / This work presents the development and test of an experimental set-up which allows to produce a very strong slow motion atomic beam. We discuss the calculation and construction of the solenoid to compensate the Doppler effect arising during the deceleration process, vacuum chambers, the oven which produces the atomic beam and the optical system used. We have studied the Zeeman-tuned technique to slow an atomic beam of sodium atoms. A new technique to study the deceleration which Consist in monitoring the fluorescence along the deceleration path is used, which allow us a direct observation of the process. Alkaline atoms Átomos alcalinos Átomos de sódio Bobinas eletromagnéticas Bobinas resfriadas com água Campo magnético Cloud of atoms Coil cooled with water Cooling techniques Deceleration of atoms Desaceleração de átomos Efeito Zeeman Electromagnetic coils Espectro Field´s profile Forno Frequência de Rabi Hall efect´s sensor Laser Laser Magnetic field Mechanical positioning systems Nariz de ejeção Nozzle Nuvem de átomos Oven Perfil de campo Rabi frequency Sensor de efeito Hall Sistemas de posicionamento mecânico Sistemas de vácuo Sodium atoms Spectrum Stopping atoms Técnicas de resfriamento Vacuum systems Zeeman effect Zeeman tuning technique
39	Construção de um sistema experimental para desaceleração de átomos. / Construction of an experimental system for stopping atoms. Marcel Eduardo Firmino 21 March 1991 (has links) Neste trabalho apresentamos a construção e teste de um sistema experimental que nos permite produzir um fluxo intenso de átomos lentos. Discutimos o desenho e construção do solenóide que compensa o efeito Doppler que surge durante o processo de desaceleração, as câmaras de vácuo, o forno que gera o feixe atômico e o sistema ótico utilizado. Estudamos a técnica de desaceleração de átomos pelo ajuste Zeeman. Uma nova técnica de observação que consiste no acompanhamento da fluorescência do feixe ao longo do caminho de desaceleração é usada, o que nos permite uma observação direta do processo. / This work presents the development and test of an experimental set-up which allows to produce a very strong slow motion atomic beam. We discuss the calculation and construction of the solenoid to compensate the Doppler effect arising during the deceleration process, vacuum chambers, the oven which produces the atomic beam and the optical system used. We have studied the Zeeman-tuned technique to slow an atomic beam of sodium atoms. A new technique to study the deceleration which Consist in monitoring the fluorescence along the deceleration path is used, which allow us a direct observation of the process. Átomos alcalinos Átomos de sódio Bobinas eletromagnéticas Bobinas resfriadas com água Campo magnético Desaceleração de átomos Efeito Zeeman Espectro Forno Frequência de Rabi Laser Nariz de ejeção Nuvem de átomos Perfil de campo Sensor de efeito Hall Sistemas de posicionamento mecânico Sistemas de vácuo Técnicas de resfriamento Alkaline atoms Cloud of atoms Coil cooled with water Cooling techniques Deceleration of atoms Electromagnetic coils Field´s profile Hall efect´s sensor Laser Magnetic field Mechanical positioning systems Nozzle Oven Rabi frequency Sodium atoms Spectrum Stopping atoms Vacuum systems Zeeman effect Zeeman tuning technique
40	Cinema ao vivo e experiências audiovisuais em tempo real / - Molina Júnior, Jair Sanches 15 September 2017 (has links) Refletir sobre as experiências com imagens e sons em tempo real é pensar em uma ampla gama de possibilidades e experiências pela humanidade, desde os tempos mais remotos. Pelo fato dessas experiências audiovisuais em tempo real serem numerosas no tempo e no espaço, e já amplamente citada em diferentes estudos, esta apresentação tem por objetivo realizar um recorte mais restrito às experiências audiovisuais em tempo real no campo cinematográfico contemporâneo: uma arte, meio e processo em expansão que culmina na existência de um fenômeno semiótico, realizado principalmente através de modos experimentais com a presença do(s) autor(es) concebendo a experiência audiovisual, conjuntamente ao aparato tecnológico e ao público, todos participantes da criação e exibição da obra audiovisual no mesmo tempo em que ela ocorre, em transmissão direta para a tela de cinema, monitores, telas digitais ou espaços arquitetônicos. Com base em obras audiovisuais realizadas entre 2007 a 2017 desenvolveremos uma reflexão e análise das poéticas e técnicas das experiências audiovisuais em tempo real, de maneira a compreender com um olhar mais atento as possibilidades criativas e contribuir com a reflexão sobre estes formatos do audiovisual contemporâneo, cujos meios e processos estão em contínua expansão de suas fronteiras. Em estética do cinema, esta pesquisa segue em continuidade aos estudos e práticas do cinema experimental e em sua vértice ao cinema expandido. / Reflecting about real-time imagery and sounds experiences is thinking about a wide range of possibilities and experiences for humanity, from the earliest times. Because the real-time audiovisual experiences are numerous in time and space, and already widely quoted in different studies, this presentation aims to make a more restricted cut-off to real-time audiovisual experiences in the contemporary cinematographic field: an art, medium and an expanding process that culminates in the existence of a semiotic phenomenon, performed mainly through experimental modes with the presence of the author(s) directing the audiovisual experience in real-time, together with the technological apparatus, the cast, and the public, all participants in the creation and exhibition of the audiovisual work at the same time as it occurs, in direct transmission to the cinema screen, monitors, digital screens or architectural spaces. Based on audiovisual works carried out between 2007 and 2017 we will develop a reflection and analysis of the poetics and techniques of audiovisual experiences in real-time, in order to understand with a closer look the creatives possibilities in live cinema and contribute with reflection on these forms of the contemporary audiovisual, whose means and processes are in continuous expansion of its borders. In aesthetics of the cinema, this research follows in continuity to the studies and practices of the experimental cinema, and in its vertex to the expanded cinema. aesthetic arte brasileira audiovisual contemporâneo Bienal de São Paulo Bienal of Sao Paulo Brazilian Cinematheque brazylian art cenário Cia. Falbalá Cia. Falbalá Cia. Livre Cia. Livre Ciclo Coletivo Ciclo Coletivo cinema ao vivo cinema expandido cinema experimental cinema on line Cinemateca Brasileira Coletivo Santa Madeira composição composition computador computer contemporary audiovisual digital digital direct transmission Doutores da Alegria Doutores da Alegria editing efect espaço estética expanded cinema experience experiência experimental cinema hardware hardware iluminação Itau Cultural Itaú Cultural Kinoforum Kinoforum language laptop laptop linguagem live cinema mapping montage montagem Museu da Imagem e do Som Museum of Image and Sound Oficina Theater Okra Filmes Okra Filmes. on line cinema participation performance performance poetical projeção projection real-time Santa Madeira Collective scenario Senac Senac Sesc Sesc software software space stage lightning Teat(r)o Oficina teatro Teatro de Narradores Teatro de Narradores technology tecnologia tempo tempo real temporalidade temporality theater time Unesp Unesp Unicamp Unicamp Usp Usp video art videoarte videomapping VJ VJ vjing vjing

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