The study investigated Zimbabwean Christian and Muslim women who had experienced domestic violence with a view to finding out the extent to which these women used provisions of the Domestic Violence Act of 2006. The study was conducted in urban Masvingo and its surroundings. The methodology applied to the empirical investigation was qualitative and was informed by the phenomenological, feminist and pragmatic theoretical frameworks. Data was collected, by means of in-depth semi-structured interviews, from 30 participants, 22 Christian and 8 Muslim, who were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. In investigating the women’s experiences, some questions guided the study. These include: Where and to what extent does a select group of Christian and Muslim women who fall victim to domestic violence normally seek help? How do religious and cultural beliefs and practices influence the response to domestic violence by the abused as well as those to whom they report? To what extent do religious communities prevent selected victims of domestic violence from seeking legal assistance? Data was analysed by coding responses according to themes. The study revealed that the participants perceived domestic violence as having diverse causes and most of them saw their religion as crucial in addressing their plight. It emerged that a majority of the participants sought help from their religious communities as well as relatives and friends. Mixed responses emanated from these sources of help. The most common response, based largely on religious and cultural beliefs, was to encourage participants to avoid reporting to authorities. It also emerged that most of the participants were not willing to seek help from the police, courts or legal practitioners to seek redress because of the advice they received as well as their own internalised beliefs. Religious, social, and economic factors prevented most participants from appealing to provisions of the Domestic Violence Act.It was concluded that the Zimbabwean Domestic Violence Act had limited usefulness for participants because of religious, social and economic factors. It was recommended that if relevant stakeholders could jointly work together, domestic violence would be alleviated. Recommendations for further research were also made. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

In this qualitative study five police stations in the Tshwane Policing Precinct were selected. The objectives were to describe and explore the South African Police Service (SAPS) officials’ experiences on the nature and extent of domestic violence and the responsive strategies by relevant stakeholders thereof. Data collection literature review and key informant interviews were selected. Purposive sampling was adopted to cater for 40 sworn SAPS officials; each station was represented by seven participants. The findings suggest that many academics around the world overlook the importance women and children as core victims. As a result, they become the neglected people in our society. Thus, there is no simple solution to this crime to date. For recommendations a multi-agency approach whereby all relevant stakeholders try to address this scourge is needed to enhance reporting channels, advance SAPS skills and obtain more convictions. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Policing)

This study examined the distinct effects of partner violence and psychological abuse on women's mental health over time. Latent growth modeling was used to examine stability and change over time, evaluating the course and consequences of each form of abuse. The size of women's social support network was examined as a mediator. The sample consisted of 835 African American, Euro-American, and Mexican American low-income women. Participants who completed Waves 1, 2, 3, and 5 were included in the study (n = 585). In general, partner violence decreased over time for all groups, while psychological abuse decreased over time for only Euro-American women. Whereas initial and prolonged exposure to psychological abuse was related to and directly impacted women's mental health, partner violence was only related to initial levels of mental health. Surprisingly, social support was only related to initial violence and distress and had no impact on the rate of change over time. These results have important implications for researchers and health care professionals. First, differences in the pattern of results were found for each ethnic group, reaffirming the notion that counselors and researchers must be sensitive to multicultural concerns in both assessment and intervention. For example, psychological abuse had a greater impact on the mental health of African American and Mexican American women than it did for Euro-American women, suggesting a shift in focus depending on the ethnicity of the client may be warranted. Second, this longitudinal study highlights the importance of future research to considerer individual differences in treating and studying victimized women. Understanding factors that contribute to individual trajectories will help counselors gain insight into the problem and in devising plans to prevent or reduce the occurrence and negative health impact of partner abuse.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that contribute to the recurrence of child maltreatment within a variety of families. The following discussion addresses the safety and security of children, child protective services, cultural sensitivity, and perception of poverty.

The research deals with the empowerment of adolescent victims of family violence. The purpose of the study was to give an account of the therapeutic intervention process of two case studies, by means of a descriptive, qualitative type of research. This research was executed via semi-structured interviews by the researcher. The population in the study was limited to adolescent victims between the age of twelve to eighteen years, who are victims of family violence. The sample in this study was two respondents. The children are students at a high school in Roodepoort. After completion of the empiric study it was concluded that the adolescent who is exposed to family violence, is empowered if a therapeutic process - like the one suggested by Oaklander (1994:289) which applies gestalt play therapeutic techniques - is followed. As clearly shown in the literature, the researcher came to the conclusion that family violence has a destructive effect on the adolescent and that he can be empowered by gestalt play therapy. OPSOMMING Die navorsing handel oor die bemagtiging van adolessente slagoffers van gesinsgeweld. Die doel van die studie was om deur middel van 'n beskrywende, kwalitatiewe tipe navorsing die terapeutiese intervensieproses van twee gevallestudies te beskryf. Hierdie navorsing het met behulp van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudvoering geskied. Die populasie in die studie was begrens tot adolessente slagoffers tussen die ouderdom twaalf tot agtien jaar wat slagoffers van gesinsgeweld is. Die steekproef in hierdie studie was twee respondente. Die kinders is verbonde aan 'n hoërskool te Roodepoort. Daar is na afloop van die empiriese studie tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat indien 'n terapeutiese proses - soos wat deur Oaklander (1994:289) voorgestel word met die benutting van gestaltspelterapeutiese tegnieke - deurloop word, die adolessent wat aan gesinsgeweld blootgestel word, bemagtig word. Soos ook uit die literatuur duidelik blyk, het die navorser die afleiding gemaak dat gesinsgeweld vernietigend op die adolessent inwerk en dat hy deur gestaltspelterapie bemagtig kan word. / Social work / MDIAC (PLAY THERAPY)

LLM / Department of Criminal and Procedural Law

Thesis (M Social Work (Social Work))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / An exploratory and descriptive research design was selected together with a combination of both a quantitative and qualitative research approach to obtain the necessary information, insight and knowledge regarding the social welfare services offered to female victims of domestic violence in shelters. The motivation for this investigation stemmed from the lack of information on social welfare services offered to these female victims. The researcher became aware of this lack of information due to the fact that only limited studies and investigations had been done into the social welfare services offered to female victims of domestic violence within South Africa. The goal of this study is therefore to gain a better understanding of the social welfare services offered to female victims of domestic violence in shelters in order to provide recommendations to social service practitioners for the improvement of social welfare services in such circumstances. The literature study firstly focused on the theories, conceptualisation and dimensions of domestic violence in order to gain an understanding and knowledge base of the theories that describe domestic violence, concepts that provide an understanding of the phenomenon of domestic violence as well the dimensions of domestic violence. Furthermore, the literature study focuses on the policies, legislations and the government’s commitment to address domestic violence in South Africa. The primary focus of the literature study was to investigate the social welfare services that are offered to female victims of domestic violence in shelters. The researcher contacted the Department of Social Development of the Western Cape in order to identify the shelter organisations that offer social welfare services to female victims of domestic violence and finally a purposive sampling was done of ten shelters in the Western Cape Metropole area which offer social welfare services to female victims of domestic violence. A qualitative and quantitative investigation was performed by means of conducting semi-structured interviews with the aid of an interview guide. The results of the investigation mainly confirmed the findings of the literature study that domestic violence is an inherent part of the life in South Africa, also that domestic violence has a variety of causes and consequences and that social welfare services offered to female victims of domestic violence are an important part of the process of empowerment in shelters. The recommendations were aimed at services in shelters and professional persons involved in the rehabilitation and empowerment of abused women during their accommodation in the shelters. The recommendations also included further research to explore the impact of these social welfare services on female residents, and to address the areas where social welfare services fall short in order to provide insight into the development of other social welfare services that are needed by female residents when entering a shelter.

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Orchiucci Miura.pdf: 1310094 bytes, checksum: cc7fb098b82684cb54f582c02421a2c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The violence inside family, theme of this work, doesn t refers only to excess of physical, sexual, verbal strength against others, but also to the absence of an investment on care, on preoccupation with others that needs emotional and physical care. The violence inside family affects, marks, causes failures on the process of personal maturation, according Winnicott (1962/1990a), it s not possible the health development of a child on environments that aren t sufficiently good . Winnicott doesn t uses the term violence inside family properly said, but substantiating this term in his theory violence inside family would be the absence of an environment sufficiently good , where this kind of environment has self established as a pattern on development process, precluding the healthy development of the members of this family. This research had as objectives: rescue and compare historical, legislative, populational, political, cultural and social aspects of the violence inside families on Brazil and Portugal; and comparatively investigate and analyze the intervention process adopted by services of Arujá/Brazil and Coimbra/Portugal on the treatment on the cases of people who have experienced situations of violence inside family and, concomitantly, analyze the psychic constitution of those people based on Winnicott s theory. This work was realized by means of participating observation on the following services: Receive Program and Childs and Teenagers Courtyard Center as well as the observation of articulation of those services with other services that composes the Arujá Protection Network. At Coimbra, the participation observation occurred at Inside Family Violence Service and on Childs and Teenagers Protection Committee, besides of the observation of the articulation of those with other services of Coimbra s Protection Network. Other strategy adopted for the realization of this research was the case studies. With this study it was possible to realize that was progress on investigations, on legislations and on social politics against inside family violence in Portugal and in Brazil, but also it was realized that the perpetuation of this kind of violence occurs considerately until nowadays. In relation to therapeutic action of Coimbra s and Arujá s Protection Network, it was realized that the effectiveness of the first Network, the responsibles for this was meeting themselves to discuss and talk the best action to each occurrence. Differently of the second, that has presented numerous failures of communication and articulation. By the other way, some specific services of Aruja s Protection Network Receive Program, Courtyard Center and Shelter were able to develop an intervention work, based on Winnicott s theory, that would be sufficiently good on the process of maintenance of being of child, teenagers and their families that have experienced situations of violence inside family. The Coimbra s Network Protection, on ambit of therapeutic intervention presented some failures on center itself mostly on the eradication of the inside of family violence, neglecting the patient by a few. It concludes that therapeutic actions of services should focus on the maturation of the being and not only on a symptom showed by him on a determinate moment of his life. Act on ethical manner and therapeutically is much more than eliminate momentarily the violence inside the family socially defined; providing sufficiently good conditions for the people who have their maturation process interrupted they could continue on being . Without this kind of intervention, the inside of family violence cycle would never halt / A violência intrafamiliar, tema desse trabalho, não se refere apenas ao excesso de força física, sexual, verbal contra o outro, mas também à ausência de um investimento no cuidado, na preocupação com o outro que necessita de acolhimento emocional e cuidados físicos. A violência intrafamiliar afeta, marca, provoca falhas no processo de amadurecimento pessoal, segundo Winnicott (1962/1990a), não é possível o desenvolvimento saudável de crianças em ambientes que não sejam suficientemente bons . Winnicott não utiliza o termo violência intrafamiliar propriamente dito, mas fundamentando este termo em sua teoria, violência intrafamiliar seria a ausência de um ambiente suficientemente bom , onde este tipo de ambiente se estabeleceu como um padrão no processo do desenvolvimento, impossibilitando o desenvolvimento saudável dos membros dessa família. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos: resgatar e comparar aspectos histórico, legislativo, populacional, político, cultural e social da violência intrafamiliar no Brasil e em Portugal; e investigar e analisar comparativamente o processo de intervenção adotado pelos serviços de Arujá/Brasil e Coimbra/Portugal no atendimento dos casos de pessoas que vivenciaram situações de violência intrafamiliar e, concomitamente, analisar o processo de constituição psíquica dessas pessoas com base na teoria winnicottiana. Esse trabalho foi realizado por meio da observação participante nos seguintes serviços: Programa Acolher e Centro de Convivência da Criança e do Adolescente, bem como da observação da articulação desses serviços com outros serviços que compõem a Rede de Proteção de Arujá. Em Coimbra, a observação participante aconteceu no Serviço de Violência Intrafamiliar e na Comissão de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens, além de observar a articulação desses com outros serviços da Rede de Proteção de Coimbra. Outra estratégia adotada para a realização dessa pesquisa foi o estudo de casos. Com esse estudo pôde-se perceber que houve progressos nas investigações, nas legislações e nas políticas sociais contra a violência intrafamiliar tanto em Portugal quanto no Brasil, mas também se percebeu que a perpetuação deste tipo de violência se arrasta consideravelmente até hoje. Com relação à ação terapêutica das Redes de Proteção de Coimbra e de Arujá, pôde-se perceber a atuação eficaz da primeira Rede, os responsáveis por esta estavam sempre se reunindo para conversar e discutir a melhor ação para cada ocorrência. Diferentemente da segunda, que apresentou inúmeras falhas de comunicação e articulação. Por outro lado, alguns serviços específicos da Rede de Proteção de Arujá Programa Acolher, Centro de Convivência e Abrigo conseguiram desenvolver um trabalho de intervenção, baseada na teoria winnicottiana, que pudesse ser suficientemente bom no processo de continuidade-de-ser das crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias que experienciaram situação de violência intrafamiliar. Já a Rede de Proteção de Coimbra, no âmbito da intervenção terapêutica apresentou algumas falhas, ao centrar-se mais na eliminação da violência intrafamiliar, descurando-se um pouco do indivíduo. Conclui-se que a ação terapêutica dos serviços deve focar o processo de amadurecimento do indivíduo e não somente o sintoma apresentado por ele num determinado momento de sua vida. Atuar de maneira ética e terapêutica é muito mais do que eliminar momentaneamente a violência intrafamiliar definida sociologicamente; é proporcionar condições suficientemente boas para que as pessoas que tiveram seu processo de amadurecimento interrompido possam, então, continuar-a-ser. Sem esse tipo de intervenção o ciclo da violência intrafamiliar nunca cessará

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULA REGINA PEREIRA DOS SANTOS MARQUES DIAS.pdf: 2504341 bytes, checksum: c8ffd707f7a51bf96036c4e99fdb144e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-04 / The Law nº. 11.340, of August 7, 2006 (Maria da Penha Law), brought to the Brazilian legal system new civil, criminal, precautionary procedures, for crimes committed against women in the within the household and family such as the application of protective measures of urgency, characterized as a faster means to cease the contact between the parties, and other conditions that permit the violence, agreed in legislation. In this sense, the present paper analyzes the effectiveness of the implementation of such measures, in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhão State, the judiciary (Special Court for Domestic and Family Violence against Women), in 2013. The research begins with a reflection on the theories of fundamental human rights in the Federal Constitution of 1988 related to gender, pointing out new perspectives outlined by post- positivism, the need for immediate application of constitutional principles to give effect to the fundamental rights of women, especially those of equality, freedom, human dignity, physical, moral and psychological integrity, and the right to life itself. It also highlights the major international conventions on global and regional system of human rights of women - in other words, those contained in the special protection system in view of the vulnerability of women -, as a way of demonstrating the concern of the countries with the issue of gender and the influence of these conventions in the domestic legislation of Brazil, through legal frameworks with exposed divisive parameter presentation at the 1988 Federal Constitution. To enter in research on the effectiveness of an instrument of Maria da Penha Law analyzed in situ research mentioned, the paper discusses the importance of the conceptual aspects of domestic and family violence against women , bringing the differentiation of the concepts of household and family unit as well as featuring the actors of the process, aggressor and victim. Emphasizes the history of such violence in Brazil after Law nº. 11.340 - 2006, intertwining with the cultural and ideological context and notes of feminist movements in favor of stricter regulation. It also presents the manifestations of domestic violence against women outlined in the legislation. The research exposes the trajectory advent of Maria da Penha Law, as a consequence of the debates in the legislative sphere and civil society itself and the main discussions about its constitutionality, presenting the procedural aspects, especially the urgent protective measures and institutes of general and special prevention of recurrence. Finally, does the exhibition of documentary research conducted at the Special Court for Domestic and Family Violence of the city surveyed, to respond to questioning, observing, beyond the effective implementation of the measures, the age profile of victims, relationship to the aggressor, the types and number of police report of violence practiced, the amount of urgent protective measures that oblige the aggressor and established in favor of the victim, classified according to the described in law and the presentation of public policies existing in the municipality. / A Lei nº 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006 (Lei Maria da Penha), trouxe para o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro novos procedimentos civis, penais, cautelares, para os crimes cometidos contra as mulheres no seio doméstico e familiar, como é o caso da aplicação das medidas protetivas de urgência, caracterizado como meio mais célere de cessar o contato entre as partes, e outras situações que permitam a violência, avençadas na legislação. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho analisa a efetividade da aplicação de tais medidas, na cidade de Imperatriz, Estado do Maranhão, pelo Poder Judiciário (Vara Especial da Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher), no ano de 2013. A pesquisa inicia-se com uma reflexão sobre as teorias dos direitos humanos fundamentais na Constituição Federal de 1988 relacionados com o gênero, apontando as novas perspectivas traçadas pelo póspositivismo, com a necessidade de aplicação imediata dos princípios constitucionais para dar efetividade aos direitos fundamentais das mulheres, principalmente os de igualdade, liberdade, dignidade da pessoa humana, integridade física, moral e psicológica, e o próprio direito à vida. Destaca, ainda, as principais convenções internacionais de sistema global e regional sobre os direitos humanos das mulheres ou seja, aquelas contidas no sistema especial de proteção tendo em vista a vulnerabilidade da mulher -, como forma de demonstrar a preocupação dos países com a questão de gênero e a influência destas convenções na legislação interna do Brasil, por meio dos marcos legais expostos com parâmetro divisório de apresentação na Constituição Federal de 1988. Para adentrar na pesquisa sobre a efetividade de um instrumento da Lei Maria da Penha analisado no locus de pesquisa mencionado, o trabalho aborda a importância dos aspectos conceituais sobre a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, trazendo a diferenciação dos conceitos de núcleo doméstico e familiar, assim como caracteriza os atores do processo, agressor e vítima. Dá ênfase na história desse tipo de violência no Brasil pós Lei nº 11.340-2006, entrelaçando com o contexto cultural e ideológico e apontamentos dos movimentos feministas em prol de normatização mais rigorosa. Apresenta, ainda, as formas de manifestação de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher traçadas na legislação. A pesquisa expõe a trajetória de advento da Lei Maria da Penha, como consequência dos debates travados na esfera do legislativo e da própria sociedade civil organizada e as principais discussões sobre sua constitucionalidade, apresentando os aspectos processuais, especialmente das medidas protetivas de urgência e os institutos da prevenção geral, especial e da reincidência. Por fim, faz a exposição da pesquisa documental realizada na Vara Especial da Violência Doméstica e Familiar da cidade pesquisada, a fim de responder a problematização, observando, além do cumprimento efetivo das medidas, o perfil de idade das vítimas, grau de parentesco com o agressor, os tipos e número de ocorrência de violências praticadas, a quantidade de medidas protetivas de urgência que obrigam o agressor e as estabelecidas em prol da ofendida, classificadas de acordo com as descritas na legislação e a apresentação das políticas públicas existentes no município.