Mehrdeutigkeit ist ein grundsätzliches Merkmal literarischer Texte. In der Literaturwissenschaft wird dieses Charakteristikum allerdings häufig undifferenziert als ‚Komplexität‘, ‚Ambivalenz‘ oder ‚Ambiguität‘ bezeichnet. Auch in der Shakespeare-Forschung, besonders aber bei kontrovers diskutierten Texten wie Henry V und Julius Caesar, tauchen diese Bezeichnungen schlagwortartig immer wieder auf. Oft jedoch stellen sie Verlegenheitsformulierungen dar, die mehr verdecken als sie erklären. Die vorliegende Studie widmet sich dem Phänomen textueller Ambiguität und betrachtet sie – entgegen verallgemeinernden Auffassungen – als ein vom Autor bewußt eingesetztes und damit funktionales gestalterisches Mittel, das sowohl mikrostrukturell als auch auf der größeren Textebene angesiedelt sein kann. Die Untersuchung stellt in einem einleitenden Teil eine Theorie literarischer Ambiguität auf, wobei der Begriff von anderen gebräuchlichen Termini abgegrenzt wird. Literarische Ambiguität wird als eine dem Text oder Textteilen eingeschriebene, scheinbare Widersprüchlichkeit in der Aussage definiert, deren letztliches Ziel es ist, den Rezipienten aktiv an einer Sinnfindung zu beteiligen. Im textanalytischen Teil der Studie wird die Praktikabilität dieses Ambiguitätsbegriffs am Beispiel der zwei genannten Shakespeare-Dramen überprüft. Ambiguität wird als ein strukturelles Prinzip herausgestellt, das wesentlich zur ästhetischen Wirkung der untersuchten Texte beiträgt.

Bakgrund: En av vår tids största omställningar är digitaliseringen. Den digitala innovationen har varit avgörande och öppnat möjligheter för kommunikation och samarbete hos företag runt om i världen. Virtuella team har kommit att blivit en stor del av dagens arbetssituation. Digitaliseringen har skapat större utmaningar för ledare att engagera och motivera medarbetare. För att främja varje individs begåvning, kreativa idéer, drivkraft samt prestationer finns det ett ramverk, kallat performance management som främjar denna typ av arbetskraft. En viktig aspekt av performance management anses även vara “lärande”. Så långt det är praktiskt möjligt bör lärande och arbete integreras. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka digitaliseringens påverkan på digitalt teamledarskap, arbete med performance management samt organisatoriskt lärande. Metod: Studien använder både kvalitativ och kvantitativ data men har främst ett kvalitativt fokus där en multipel fallstudie hos fyra företag gjorde det möjligt att uppnå syftet. I uppsatsen benämns dem som Företag A, B, C och D. Det genomfördes en triangulering som bestod av intervjuer med personer i ledande positioner, en enkätundersökning med medarbetare på samtliga företag samt insamling av dokumentation från företagen och deras hemsidor. Slutsats: I undersökningen har Företag A, B, C och D blivit exempel på hur digitaliseringens påverkan sett ut för olika företag och branscher vad gäller digitalt teamledarskap, arbete med performance management samt organisatoriskt lärande. Studien visar att digitaliseringen i stor utsträckning har påverkat det digitala teamledarskapet. Däremot var digitaliseringens påverkan vad gäller arbetet med performance management inte särskilt påtaglig då samtliga företag arbetar med digitala verktyg och system sedan innan. Vad gäller organisatoriskt lärande visar studien slutligen att digitaliseringen haft en inverkan på processen att bli en lärande organisation. / Background: One of the biggest changes of our time is digitalization. Digital innovation has been crucial and opened opportunities for communication and collaboration with companies around the world. Virtual teams have become a big part of today's work situation. Digitalization has created greater challenges for leaders to engage and motivate employees. To promote each individual's talent, creative ideas, driving force and performance, there is a framework, called performance management, that promotes this type of labor. An important aspect of performance management is also considered to be “learning”. As far as is practically possible, learning and work should be integrated. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of digitalization on digital team leadership, performance management and organizational learning. Method: The study uses both qualitative and quantitative data but mainly has a qualitative focus where a multiple case study at four companies made it possible to achieve the purpose. In the thesis, they are referred to as Company A, B, C and D. There, a triangulation was carried out which consisted of interviews with people in leading positions, an employee survey at all companies was implemented and collection of documentation from the companies and their websites. Conclusion: In the survey, Company A, B, C and D have become examples of how the impact of digitalization looked for different companies and industries in terms of digital team leadership, work with performance management and organizational learning. The study showed that digitalization has greatly affected digital team leadership. On the other hand, the impact of digitalization in terms of work with performance management was not very significant as all companies have been working with digital tools and systems before. In terms of organizational learning, the study finally shows that digitalization has had an impact on the process of becoming a learning organization.

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The purpose of this action research study was to investigate the affects of teaching through a situative perspective with story problems on students' understanding of fraction concepts and operations in my fifth-grade mathematics classroom. Students participated in twelve weeks of instruction. Data was collected in the form of pre and post tests, audiotaped and videotaped recordings of instructional sessions, and student work samples. Data analysis revealed that my students constructed their own knowledge about various fraction concepts and operations because students engaged in discussions, after solving story problems, that developed, extended and restructured their knowledge. One example of this occurred after students had solved an equal-sharing problem. Two students came up with different answers and another student explained why both answers were equivalent. Student work samples and post test results indicated that the one student's explanation was understood, adopted and extended by all the students in my class. The data also revealed that students' pictures typically represented the context and action of the story problems. For example, subtraction problems dealing with length were usually represented by number lines or horizontal rectangles with crossed-out markings to show the subtraction operation. Throughout this research study, I discovered that my students were capable of learning from each other and solving problems for which they have no preconceived algorithm. I also learned that analyzing students' work and listening to their discussions in ways that focused on their thinking, not their answers, provided me with information about what my students were grasping and not grasping.

Объектом исследования явилась школьная адаптация учащихся пятых классов. Предметом исследования стала связь между академической, социальной и психологической составляющими школьной адаптации учащихся пятых классов. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (111 источников) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 121 страница, на которых размещены 12 рисунков и 7 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме школьной адаптации пятиклассников. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию показателей структурных составляющих школьной адаптации и их взаимосвязей у учащихся пятых классов. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: тесту (опроснику) школьной тревожности Филлипса, методике исследования самооценки личности «Лесенка», социометрической методике Дж. Л. Морено, методике экспертной оценки классных руководителей о поведении школьников, их социометрическом статусе в классе. Также в главе представлен корреляционный и факторный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object matter of the study is the school adaptation of students in the fifth grade. The subject of the study is the interrelation between the academic, social and psychological components of school adaptation of fifth grade students. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of literature (111 sources) and an appendix, which includes the forms of the applied methodologies. The volume of the master's thesis is 121 pages, on which are placed 12 figures and 7 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problematics, the purpose and objectives of the research are set, the object and the subject of research are determined, the basic and additional hypotheses are formulated, the methods and the empirical base are specified, as well as the stages of the research, the scientific novelty, the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes an overview of the domestic and foreign literature on the subject of fifth-graders school adaptation. The sections devoted to the study of the indicators of the structural components of school adaptation and their interrelationships in fifth grade students are presented. Conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It provides a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained using all the methods used: the test (questionnaire) of school anxiety by Phillips, method of research of self-esteem of the person "Lesenka", sociometry method by J. L. Moreno, the method of expert assessment of class teachers about the behavior of students, their sociometrical status in the classgroup. Also, the chapter presents a comparative, correlation and factor analysis of the results of the study. The findings of Chapter 2 are the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, brief results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are presented, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses. The practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of the problematics are described.

Bei den steigenden Sequenzen, die im Œuvre Arcangelo Corellis vorkommen, lassen sich drei Grundtypen unterscheiden, die unterschiedliche formale Funktionen innerhalb der Kompositionen erfüllen. Die steigende Quintfallsequenz tritt in Corellis Triosonaten op. 1 bevorzugt in Zwischenspielen fugierter Sätze auf. In späteren Opera etabliert sie sich an drei Positionen im Verlauf zweiteiliger Sätze: in deren erstem Wiederholungsteil als Fortspinnung, zu Beginn des zweiten Wiederholungsteils als modulierendes Satzmodell sowie in der den Satzschlüssen vorausgehenden Phase, indem die Grundtonart gefestigt und eine Klimax herbeigeführt wird. Die seltenere Quintanstiegsequenz dient im Frühwerk zunächst der Modulation, während sie sich in späteren Kompositionen dank ihrer reizvollen Kanon- und Syncopatio-Wirkungen für die ausführliche Darstellung einer einzigen Tonart empfiehlt. Um ein Sequenzmodell, das sich ebenfalls mit einem Oberstimmenkanon darstellen lässt, bei dem die Sequenzierung aber quartweise abwärts verläuft und das auf Molltonarten beschränkt ist, handelt es sich bei der über Zwischendominanten vermittelten Quintanstiegsequenz. Der Dur-Moll-Parallelismus spielt in Corellis späteren Kompositionen zunehmend eine Rolle bei der Inszenierung des Kontrasts zwischen einer Moll- und ihrer parallelen Durtonart. Bevorzugte verwandte Satzmodelle sind die 9–8- sowie die 7–6-Konsekutive. / In the works of Arcangelo Corelli, three basic types of rising sequences occur, fulfilling different formal functions. In Corelli’s trio sonatas op. 1, the “rising sequence of falling fiths” usually appears in the episodes of fugal movements. In later works, it establishes itself in three positions over the course of a two-part movement: as a continuation in the first repeated section, as a modulating “Satzmodell” at the beginning of the second section, and as a climatic affirmation of the basic key in the phrase preceding the end of the movement. In the early works, the rarer rising fifth sequence is initially used for modulation; in later compositions its charming canon and syncopation effects make it ideal for exploring a single key in detail. The rising fifth sequence with inserted dominants can also be employed with a canon in the upper voice in which the sequence moves downwards by fourths, but this is limited to minor keys. In Corelli’s later compositions, what Carl Dahlhaus termed “Dur-Moll-Parallismus” increasingly plays a role in creating the contrast between a minor key and its parallel major. Consecutive 9–8 and 7–6 “Satzmodelle” are commonly used, related options.

The fifth-generation (5G) wireless network has received a lot of attention from both academia and industry with many reported efforts. Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) is the most promising wireless access technology for next-generation networks to provide high spectral and energy efficiency. For handheld devices such as smartphones, 2×2 MIMO antennas are currently employed in 4G systems and it is expected to employ a larger number of elements for 5G mobile terminals. Placing multiple antennas in the limited space of a smartphone PCB poses a significant challenge. Therefore, a new design technique using dual-polarized antenna resonators for 8×8 MIMO configuration is proposed for sub 6 GHz 5G applications. The proposed MIMO configuration could improve the channel capacity, diversity function, and multiplexing gain of the smartphone antenna system which makes it suitable for 5G applications. Different types of new and compact diversity MIMO antennas with Patch, Slot, and Planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) resonators are studied for different candidate bands of sub 6 GHz spectrum such as 2.6, 3.6, and 5.8 GHz. Unlike the reported MIMO antennas, the proposed designs provide full radiation coverage and polarization diversity with sufficient gain and efficiency values supporting different sides of the mainboard. Apart from the sub 6 GHz frequencies, 5G devices are also expected to support the higher bands at the centimeter/millimeter-wave spectrums. Compact antennas can be employed at different portions of a smartphone board to form linear phased arrays. Here, we propose new linear phased arrays with compact elements such as Dipole and Quasi Yagi resonators for 5G smartphones. Compared with the recently reported designs, the proposed phased arrays exhibit satisfactory features such as compact size, wide beam steering, broad bandwidth, end-fire radiation, high gain, and efficiency characteristics. The proposed 5G antennas can provide single-band, multi-band, and broad-band characteristics with reduced mutual coupling function. The fundamental characteristics of the 5G antennas are examined using both simulations and measurements and good agreement is observed. Furthermore, due to compact size and better placement of elements, quite good characteristics are observed in the presence of the user and the smartphone components. These advantages make the proposed antennas highly suitable for use in 5G smartphone applications. / European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016 SECRET-722424

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[pt] O uso de dispositivos móveis cresceu exponencialmente nos últimos anos, tornando-se um desafio a melhoria da qualidade de sinal e o pleno atendimento a serviços que exigem altas taxas de dados e baixa latência. A fim de atender a crescente demanda de tráfego, as faixas de freqüências de ondas milimétricas começam a ser exploradas para aplicação à Quinta Geração de Comunicações Móveis. A partir de medições realizadas em ambientes fechados, nas faixas de freqüências de 28 GHz e 38 GHz, foi possível analisar o canal de comunicação com base nos modelos propagação para as faixas de freqüências de ondas milimétricas. / [en] Mobile usage has grown exponentially in recent years, making it a challenge to improve signal quality and fully support to services that require high data rates and low latency. In order to meet the growing traffic demand, millimeter-wave frequency bands are being explored for application to the 5th Generation of Mobile Communications. From measurements performed in indoor environments, in the 28 GHz and 38 GHz frequency range, it was possible to analyze the communication channel based on the propagation models for the millimeter wave frequency bands.