This dissertation aims at presenting and discussing the proofs for immortality of the soul in Book I of the Tusculan Disputations by Cicero, a philosophical work written in the form of a dialogue in which why man must not fear death is discussed. Before directly approaching the theme, in the proem to Book I, Cicero presents his conception about philosophy and about the requirement of producing philosophy in Latin. Concerning its subject, the dialogue of Book 1 can be divided into two great parts: the first one consisting of an argumentation favourable to the immortality of the soul, that proves death is something good (18-71), and the second one, consisting of a reservation that death is not only something good, but it cannot be something bad (82-119). In accordance to the main goal of this work and based on several different translations which allowed us to do the work with a philological stance where necessary, and which guided a great part of our investigation through notes and valued suggestions of a secondary bibliography we analysed the first part of Book 1, showing that the argumentation in favour of the immortality of the soul, is according to Cicero, absolute and praiseworthy to the best philosophers. We also noticed that the immortality of the soul had been denied as an axiom of ancient philosophy by Hellenistic thought, such as Stoicism and Epicureanism. Cicero refuses the Stoic views about duration of the souls and despises the Epicurean concept on the proof of the mortality of the soul. There are four proofs of immortality of the soul in Book 1, in which we can find the following discussions: the argument consensus omnium gentium, the soul as warm air, the soul as the principle of movement and the soul as the fifth nature (quinta natura). For this work the last discussions are the most important ones: the discussion of the soul as a principle of movement, from Phaidro by Plato and the discussion of the soul as the fifth nature from the lost dialogues of Aristotle, by means of which, Cicero demonstrates that the soul is eternal and divine, thus, establishing a difference between the nature of the soul and the nature of the body. As it may be seen in the conclusion of this work, the immortality of the soul is restricted to the mind, a part of the soul, provided with reason. Remaining after death of the material body, the soul owns perception and intelligence, as it presents the same nature of god, thus pertaining to the celestial realms. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal apresentar e discutir as provas da imortalidade da alma no Livro I das Discussões Tusculanas, de Cícero, uma obra filosófica escrita em forma de diálogo em que se discute, dentre outras coisas, por que o homem não deve temer a morte. Antes de abordar o tema de forma direta, Cícero apresenta no proêmio ao Livro I sua concepção acerca da filosofia e da necessidade de produzir filosofia em latim. Quanto a seu tema, o diálogo do Livro I pode ser dividido em dois grandes momentos: o primeiro consiste numa argumentação favorável à imortalidade da alma, que prova que a morte é um bem (parágrafos 18 a 71); e o segundo consiste na ressalva de que a morte não apenas é um bem, mas sequer pode ser um mal (parágrafos 82 a 119). Alinhados ao objetivo principal deste trabalho e munidos de diferentes traduções que nos permitiram o trabalho de cunho filológico, quando necessário, e nortearam, pelas notas e indicações de bibliografia secundária, grande parte de nossa pesquisa, analisamos a primeira parte do Livro I, mostrando que, para Cícero, a argumentação em favor da imortalidade da alma é primorosa e digna de filósofos superiores (Platão e Aristóteles). Constatamos, também, que a imortalidade da alma, como uma doutrina da filosofia antiga, havia sido negada pelas correntes helenistas, o estoicismo e o epicurismo. Cícero rejeita o ponto de vista do estoicismo sobre a duração das almas e despreza a prova da mortalidade de Epicuro. Quatro são as provas da imortalidade da alma encontradas no Livro I. Delas constam os seguintes argumentos: consensus omnium gentium, a alma como ar aquecido, a alma como princípio de movimento e a alma como quinta natureza. Para este trabalho, os dois últimos são de maior importância: o argumento da alma como princípio de movimento, extraído do diálogo Fedro, de Platão; e o argumento da alma como quinta natureza, noção retirada dos diálogos perdidos de Aristóteles, já que, com eles, Cícero demonstra que a alma é eterna e divina, estabelecendo uma diferença entre a natureza da alma e a natureza do corpo. Como poderá ser visto na conclusão, a imortalidade da alma restringe-se à mente, parte da alma provida de razão. Permanecendo após a morte do corpo, a alma possui percepção e é dotada de inteligência, tem a mesma natureza de deus e, assim, pertence à região celeste. / Mestre em Filosofia

The purposes of this study were (1) to determine if learning to program a computer in either BASIC or Logo improves the problem-solving skills of fifth grade students when compared to a control group that receives no programming instruction, and (2) to determine if learning to program a computer in Logo is more effective than learning to program in BASIC for improving problem-solving skills in fifth grade students. Subjects were 132 fifth graders from two suburban elementary schools. The materials used in the study were the Computer Challenge Guide for the BASIC group and Logo in the Classroom for the Logo group. The New Jersey Test of Reasoning Skills was used as the pretest and posttest measure.

Main purpose of the thesis is to carry out a design and a check up of an auxiliary chassis for swap bodies with king pin. The thesis contains pictures of auxiliary chassis made by different producers, followed by my own design. The design contains my own concept of the chassis with purchased parts included. The design of a frame of the auxiliary chassis has been taken in for stress analysis during a number of test loads. Last part of the thesis contains results of stress analysis. Drawings of selected parts are also included. The thesis has been made in cooperation with ZDT Nové Veseli s.r.o.

一帶一路倡議是中國第五代領導人的政策之一，應該被視為整體戰略的一部分。為了評估一帶一路倡議的實際目的與風險，研究中國地緣政治與社會經濟局勢、前幾代中國領導人的政策（如西部大開發）、現任第五代領導人的政策（如中國夢與四個全面）。雖然並非與其它相關的分析相互排斥，結論指出一帶一路與第五代領導人其它政策具有協同效應、同時面對相對的急迫性，是中國第五代領導人經濟改革、輸出國營企業生產能力過剩、減輕資產泡沫破裂風險的工具之一。 / The Belt and Road Initiative is one corner of the Chinese fifth-generation leadership’s policymaking under the Xi Jinping administration, and should be understood as part of a cohesive whole. This study assesses the BRI, its actual goals, and its risks when analyzed alongside China’s geostrategic and socioeconomic positions, similar policies from previous generations of Chinese leadership such as the Western Development Strategy, and existing concurrent policies from the fifth-generation Chinese leadership such as the Chinese Dream and the Four Comprehensives. While not mutually exclusive with other explanations proposed for the BRI, this study suggests that due to its synergy with existing policies and its exceptional urgency, the fifth-generation leadership primarily uses the BRI as one tool amongst many to accommodate its economic reform, to export the production overcapacity of state-owned enterprises, and to mitigate any risks of an asset bubble collapse.

Uncertainty in rainfall forecasts affects the level of quality and assurance for decisions made to manage water resource-based systems. However, eliminating uncertainty in a complete manner could be difficult, decision-makers thus are challenged to make decisions in the light of uncertainty. This study provides statistical models as an approach to cope with uncertainty, including: a) a statistical method relying on a Gaussian mixture (GM) model to assist in better characterize uncertainty in climate model projections and evaluate their performance in matching observations; b) a stochastic model that incorporates the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle to narrow uncertainty in seasonal rainfall forecasts; and c) a statistical approach to determine to what extent drought events forecasted using ENSO information could be utilized in the water resources decision-making process. This study also investigates the relationship between calibration and lead time on the ability to narrow the interannual uncertainty of forecasts and the associated usefulness for decision making. These objectives are demonstrated for the northwest region of Costa Rica as a case study of a developing country in Central America. This region of Costa Rica is under an increasing risk of future water shortages due to climate change, increased demand, and high variability in the bimodal cycle of seasonal rainfall. First, the GM model is shown to be a suitable approach to compare and characterize long-term projections of climate models. The GM representation of seasonal cycles is then employed to construct detailed comparison tests for climate models with respect to observed rainfall data. Three verification metrics demonstrate that an acceptable degree of predictability can be obtained by incorporating ENSO information in reducing error and interannual variability in the forecast of seasonal rainfall. The predictability of multicategory rainfall forecasts in the late portion of the wet season surpasses that in the early portion of the wet season. Later, the value of drought forecast information for coping with uncertainty in making decisions on water management is determined by quantifying the reduction in expected losses relative to a perfect forecast. Both the discrimination ability and the relative economic value of drought-event forecasts are improved by the proposed forecast method, especially after calibration. Positive relative economic value is found only for a range of scenarios of the cost-loss ratio, which indicates that the proposed forecast could be used for specific cases. Otherwise, taking actions (no-actions) is preferred as the cost-loss ratio approaches zero (one). Overall, the approach of incorporating ENSO information into seasonal rainfall forecasts would provide useful value to the decision-making process - in particular at lead times of one year ahead.

Cette recherche questionne les incidences du rattachement du secteur du cinéma au ministère des Affaires culturelles au moment de l'avènement de la Ve République. Elle s'efforce de décrire l'oscillation permanente de l'administration d'André Malraux en la matière, partagée entre le souci de répondre avec exigence aux enjeux liés à la qualité de la production cinématographique, le besoin d'accorder le cinéma à la mission de prestige national et la nécessité d'élaborer une politique consensuelle en mesure de satisfaire les diverses parties prenantes de l'action publique. Sans nul doute ce dernier aspect s'avère essentiel pour asseoir son autorité au regard de l'instabilité gouvernementale qui a perduré longuement avant 1959 mais également en raison des bouleversements économiques, techniques et professionnels provoqués par l'apparition de la Nouvelle Vague. Bien que le modèle d'intervention français soit pleinement reconnu à l'échelle européenne sur ces années, certaines de ses orientations sont pourtant critiquées au plan national par une partie de la critique et des jeunes réalisateurs appartenant aux Cahiers du cinéma. La diversité des longs métrages soutenus par le système des avances sur recettes ne concorde pas avec l'exclusivité de la novation esthétique telle qu'elle a pu exister au temps du jury de la prime à la qualité de 1956 à 1960. La sélection nationale envoyée au Festival de Cannes est également peu goûtée en ce sens. La crise de fréquentation des salles de cinéma, laquelle perdure sur toute la période, accentue davantage ces crispations. Forcé de soumettre aux autorités gouvernementales un projet de rationalisation de l'ensemble de la filière, le Centre national de la cinématographie est en passe de limiter les possibilités d'existence des producteurs les plus modestes. Alors qu'une profonde stabilisation est parvenue à inscrire durablement l'intervention de l'État dans le domaine du cinéma, André Malraux s'apprête pourtant, à l'aube de la deuxième moitié des années 1960, à faire face à une contestation sans précédent de son action. / This study examines the implications of the attachment of film industry to the Ministry of Culture at the beginning of the fifth French Republic. This thesis strives to describe permanents fluctuations of André Malraux's administration between the concern to answer with requirement to the challenges relating to the high quality of the cinematographic production, the need to match the cinema with reasons of national prestige and the necessity to develop a consensual policy able to satisfy miscellaneous stakeholders of the public action. There is no doubt that this last aspect turns out to be crucial for establishing his authority in relation to governmental instability which has continued before 1959 but also because of upheavals provoked by Nouvelle Vague appearance. Although the French intervention model is completely recognized on European scale on this years, some of its options are yet criticized on the national level by a part of critics and young directors close to the magazine Les Cahiers du cinéma. The diversity of full-length movies subsidized by De Gaulle's government doesn't tally with the exclusivity of aesthetic innovation as it existed between 1956 and 1960. The French selection sent at Festival of Cannes is also not much appreciated on this way. The crisis of attendance in the cinemas, which existed all over this period, emphasized more these tenseness. André Malraux is consequently confronted with unprecedented protest movement of his action at the dawn of the second half of the sixties.

This thesis covers the development of complex HIL simulator for the fifth car door. The beginning of the thesis is dedicated to theoretical research in the area of In-the-Loop testing. Practical part describes development of HIL simulator complemented by power electronics part. A simulation environment Matlab/Simulink was used for control design and analysis. Before the beginning of the work was measured signal part of control unit and specific signal sequences were identified. The control was applied on sbRIO device from National Instruments company with the implementation of a model on FPGA. Specific requirements for sensing speed and generation of communication signals lead to creation of unique hardware for application needs. The result of the thesis is complex HIL simulator with intuitive GUI and possibility of simulations a wide range of DC motors.

No description available.

With advancements in the mobile network architecture, from the Fourth Generation to the Fifth Generation, a vast number of new use cases becomes available. Many use cases require cloud-based services, where a service is deployed close to the user. For a user to communicate with a service, it connects to the mobile network base station, Fifth Generation Core network and then to the service. When the user changes physical location, the mobile network and the service must apply mobility techniques. This is to prevent tromboned traffic and provide low latency between user and service. When a handover occurs, so that a user’s attachment point to the mobile network is changed from the one base station to another and the User Plane Function changes, the cloud-based service may have to seamlessly move from one cloud to another as well. In this thesis, a Service mobility framework is proposed and implemented, which enables service live migration between edge clouds and it provides simple RESTful APIs. The evaluation of the framework shows that the proposed implementation adds low delays to the total migration time and the service downtime is also shown to be low in the case of video streaming with no service interruption. / Med framsteg i det mobila nätverkets arkitektur, sett från den Fjärde Generationen till den Femte Generationen, så blir nya användningsområden tillgängliga. Bland de nya användningsområdena inkluderas molnbaserade tjänster, där tjänster är placerade nära användare, dessutom har vissa områden behov av dessa molnbaserade tjänster. För att en användare ska kunna kommunicera med en tjänst så måste den först ansluta till det mobila nätverkets basstationer och sedan till Femte Generationens kärnnätverk, för att sedan kunna kommunicera med tjänsten. När användaren förflyttar sig från en plats till en annan, så måste det mobila nätverket och tjänsten tillämpa rörlighetstekniker, som förflyttning av tjänsten. Förflyttningen är för att förhindra trombonerad trafik och att förse låg latens mellan användare och tjänst. När en överlämning sker, d.v.s att en användares kopplingspunkt till det mobila nätverket ändras, från en basstation till en annan, och att User Plane Function ändras, så kan även den molnbaserade tjänsten förflytta sig sömlöst från ett moln till ett annat. I denna avhandling presenteras ett tjänströrlighetsramverk som möjliggör tjänströrlighet mellan moln och erbjuder enkla RESTfulla API:er. Evaluering av ramverket visar att implementationen bidrar med låga fördröjningar till den totala migrations tiden samt att tjänster med videoströmming har lågt driftstopp utan tjänstavbrott.

Internet of Things, or the infrastructure of the information age society, is an expanding area of research. It is the idea that physical things that we have today, can be turned into devices by being connected to a network. The purpose of these devices is through more sensors and actuators, allow smarter and more robust infrastructure to be built, as well as improving consumer devices interoperability. This thesis will investigate the current state of the art application layer communication protocols that have been developed with resource constrained mobile devices in mind. It will look specifically at high latency mid-range wireless cellular communication by investigating how the protocols affect energy consumption for an embedded Internet of Things device. This is done with the constraint that these findings needs to be applicable to the fifth generation of cellular networks, as well as extensions to current generation standards. The application layer communication protocols Constrained Applications Protocol(CoAP), Message Queue Telemetry Transport(MQTT) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP) used on multiple modem modules, are investigated in a quantitative approach in deductive survey experiments, testing a variety of what is concluded to be typical sensor and actuator scenarios. The goal with the survey, is to ultimately select the protocol that shows to be the most suitable for a project to build a prototype platform for embedded mobile devices in the shape of publicly shared bikes in a city. This prototype is described and its architecture and design decisions are presented and argued for. The survey discovers that CoAP is the most suitable protocol for the purpose of the thesis, and proceeds to show how it is applied to the described platform.