Nuestro trabajo de investigación sobre la idea de negocio de la venta de muebles plegables busca satisfacer las necesidades del mercado, principalmente en los distritos de la zona 6 de Lima Metropolitana. Se ha considerado la demanda de mujeres y hombres entre los 25 y 46 años, que se encuentren viviendo en un departamento o que estén próximos de adquirir uno; pertenecientes al nivel socioeconómico B. Además, se desea generar una ventaja competitiva en brindar productos de alta calidad frente a la competencia, satisfaciendo a nuestros clientes que buscan muebles para ahorrar espacio en su hogar. Por tanto, Fleximuebles ofrecerá dos modelos de muebles plegables en material de madera tornillo, conocida por su durabilidad. Para tal modo, los métodos de investigación fueron las entrevistas y el modelo experimento Pitch, producto mínimo viable (MVP). Con esta información se pudo recopilar resultados favorables que apoyaron nuestras iniciales hipótesis, tal que en las entrevistas el 75% de los entrevistados realiza teletrabajo y el 55% señala tener clases online. Con respecto al Landing page pudimos verificar la aceptación de nuestros productos. Fleximuebles requiere de una inversión inicial de S/22,249.00 soles de los cuales el 40%, equivalente a S/8,900.00 soles, es financiamiento de los accionistas y el 60%, equivalente a S/13,350.00 soles, financiamiento de terceros. / Our research work on the business idea of ​​the sale of folding furniture seeks to satisfy the needs of the market, mainly in the districts of zone 6 of Metropolitan Lima. The demand of women and men between the ages of 25 and 46, who are living in an apartment or who are close to acquiring one, has been considered; belonging to socioeconomic level B. In addition, we want to generate a competitive advantage in providing high quality products against the competition, satisfying our customers who are looking for furniture to save space in their home. Therefore, Fleximuebles will offer two models of folding furniture in screw wood material, known for its durability. For this, the research methods were interviews and the experimental model Pitch, minimum viable product (MVP). With this information, it was possible to collect favorable results that supported our initial hypotheses, such that in the interviews 75% of the interviewees carried out teleworking and 55% indicated that they had online classes. Regarding the Landing page, we were able to verify the acceptance of our products. Fleximuebles requires an initial investment of S / 22,249.00 soles, of which 40%, equivalent to S / 8,900.00 soles, is financing from shareholders and 60%, equivalent to S / 13,350.00 soles, financing from third parties. / Trabajo de investigación

Parisavtalets målsättning om att hålla temperaturökningen på jorden väl under 2°C såväl som målsättningar inom EU och Sverige att ställa om till cirkulära affärsmo-deller för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser är fantastiska planer. Ändå kastas det omkring en miljon möbler årligen inom Europa. Kontorsmöbler är en produktgrupp som lämpar sig väl att cirkulera och genom cirkulära affärsmodeller som försäljning av återbrukade möbler och möbelpooler kan kontorsmöblernas livslängd förlängas. Både klimatpåverkan och resursanvändning kan reduceras när en cirkulär affärsmo-dell används. Den offentliga sektorn upphandlar i huvudsak nytillverkade kon-torsmöbler trots att återbruk kan spara både pengar och minska miljöbelastningen.I Söderhamns kommuns kretsloppsplan finns en indikator på att kommunen ska minska inköpen av nya kontorsmöbler med 20% till år 2025 (jämfört med år 2021). Söderhamns kommun har en möbelpool som tar emot möbler från kommunens in-terna verksamheter och distribuerar möblerna dit behov finns inom kommunen. I Söderhamns kommun saknas underlag på om det är kostnads- och klimatpåverkans-effektivt att använda sig av cirkulära affärsmodeller vid anskaffning av kontorsmöbler och så vitt vi vet har det inte tagits hänsyn till samhällsekonomiska effekter i liknande studier.Denna fallstudie jämför i fyra olika scenarier kostnader samt klimatpåverkan vid an-skaffande av kontorsmöbler med Söderhamns kommuns förutsättningar. Scenario 1 består av nyinköp, scenario 2 består av begagnade inköp och scenario 3 består av in-terncirkulering via en möbelpool. I scenario 4 redovisas kostnaderna för kontors-möblerna med kommunekonomiska effekter i form av minskade kostnader för för-sörjningsstöd och ökade skatteintäkter, medan klimatpåverkan är densamma som i scenario 3.Syftet med studien är undersöka vilket scenario som har lägst kostnads- samt klimat-påverkan. Datainsamlingen bestod av vetenskapliga artiklar, statistik från möbelpoo-len i Söderhamns kommun, miljövarudeklarationer (EPD) för utvalda kontorsmöb-ler, rapporter samt information från websidor. Resultatet visar att interncirkulation av kontorsmöblerna med en kommunekonomisk effekt har lägst kostnad och klimat-påverkan. / The Paris Agreement objective to keep the temperature increase on earth well be-low 2°C as well as goals within the European Union and Sweden to switch into cir-cular business models to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are great plans. Neverthe-less, around one million pieces of furniture are thrown away annually in Europe. Office furniture is a product group that is well suited to circulate, and the lifespan of the office furniture can be extended through circular business models such as the sale of used furniture and furniture pools. Use of material resources as well as cli-mate impact can be reduced when a circular business model is used. The public sec-tor procures newly manufactured office furniture, even though reuse can save money as well as reduce the environmental impact.In the cycle plan of Söderhamn municipality there is an indicator that the municipal-ity should reduce the purchase of new office furniture by 20% by the year 2025 (compared to 2021). The municipality of Söderhamn has a furniture pool that re-ceives furniture from different departments within the municipality and distributes the furniture wherever there is a need. In the municipality of Söderhamn there is a gap of knowledge whether using circular business models to purchase office furni-ture is effective in terms of impact on costs and climate, and as far as we know, soci-oeconomic effects have not been considered in similar studies.This case study compares costs and climate impact when office furniture is pur-chased within Söderhamn municipality conditions in four different scenarios. Sce-nario 1 consists of new purchases, scenario 2 consists of second-hand purchases and scenario 3 consists of internal circulation by a furniture pool. In scenario 4, the of-fice furniture costs take consideration to municipal economic effects in the form of reduced social security costs and increased tax revenue, while the climate impact is the same as in scenario 3.The purpose of the study is to investigate which scenario has the lowest cost and cli-mate impact. The data collection consisted of scientific articles, statistics from the furniture pool in Söderhamn municipality, environmental product declarations (EPD) for selected office furniture, reports, and information from websites. The re-sult shows that internal circulation of the office furniture with a municipal economic effect has the lowest cost and climate impact.

In the last decade, the European Union has looked to become more sustainable toreach the global environmental goals. With The European Green deal, a transition towards a circular economy has been set in place. One of the proposals is the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) that will improve the circularity and sustainability of almost all categories of physical goods. The digital product passport is a significant part of the ESPR with the goal to enable circular economy and carbon reduction plans by providing product information in a digital format and enable traceability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Digital Product Passport in product design and manufacturing and to assess the potential opportunities and challenges associated with its introduction. The study also identifies the key traceability aspects that need to be considered when implementing this technology. A qualitative study has been conducted with a focus on small-to-medium sized enterprises in the Swedish furniture industry. In this study, the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework has been used to identify key factors that will have an impact on the future implementation of Digital Product Passport. Based on empirical findings and the literature review, an adapted model of TOE is presented in the discussion. The study has identified several opportunities in the Swedish furniture industry, such as transparency, digital identification, marketing and competitive advantages, value chain collaboration and the traceability aspect. Challenges found were organizational resources, decentralised databases, lack of frameworks, establishing access levels and digital platforms. A traceability aspect that needs to be considered are the security and privacy. Blockchain solution could be seen as a traceability enhancer that provides security, while interoperability between different blockchain networks is questioned. / Under det senaste decenniet har Europeiska unionen försökt bli mer hållbar för att nå de globala miljömålen. I och med EU:s gröna överenskommelse har en övergång till en cirkulär ekonomi inletts. Ett av förslagen är förordningen om ekodesign för hållbara produkter (Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, ESPR) som kommer att förbättra cirkulariteten och hållbarheten inom nästan alla kategorier av fysiska varor. Det digitala produktpasset är en viktig del av ESPR med målet att möjliggöra planer för cirkulär ekonomi och koldioxid minskning genom att tillhandahålla produktinformation i digitalt format och möjliggöra spårbarhet. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka det digitala produktpasset i produktdesign och tillverkning samt att bedöma de potentiella möjligheter och utmaningar som är förknippade med dess införande. Studien identifierar också de viktigaste spårbarhetsaspekterna som måste beaktas vid införandet av denna teknik. En kvalitativ studie har genomförts med fokus på små till medelstora företag inom den svenska möbelindustrin. I denna studie har ramverket Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) använts för att identifiera nyckelfaktorer som kommer att ha en inverkan på den framtida implementeringen av Digital Product Passport. Baserat på empiriska resultat ochlitteraturstudien presenteras en anpassad modell av TOE i diskussionen. Studien har identifierat flera möjligheter i den svenska möbelindustrin, såsom transparens, digital identifiering, marknadsföring och konkurrensfördelar, samarbete i värdekedjan och spårbarhetsaspekten. Utmaningar som hittades var organisatoriska resurser, decentraliserade databaser, brist på ramverk, fastställande av åtkomstnivåer och antalet digitala plattformar. En spårbarhetsaspekt som måste beaktas är säkerhet och integritet. Blockkedjelösningen kan ses som en spårbarhetsförbättring som ger säkerhet, medan interoperabiliteten mellan olika blockkedjenätverk ifrågasätts.

Målet med detta examensarbete var att ta fram ett koncept på möbelset som passar in i framtidens förskolor, samt att leverera CAD-modeller och tillverkningsunderlag. Detta möbelset skall enligt en kvantitativ definition kunna främja för lärandeförmågan hos användaren, med tanke på funktion, säkerhet, och tillgänglighet. Uppgiften startades med Furneas initiativ att ta sig in på möbelmarknaden i Mellansverige och Stockholmsområdet med en ny produkt som kan möta de behov som kännetecknas av framtidens hållbara förskolor. Arbetet gjordes i fyra olika faser; planering, faktainsamling, genomförande, och analys. I planeringsfasen fastställdes strukturering och metodik av hela arbetet. I faktainsamlingsfasen gjordes litteraturstudier med avseende på pedagogiska inriktningar, miljö, säkerhet, ergonomi, och material. Det gjordes även intervjuer av förskolepedagoger angående nuvarande användning av bord i förskolan, och på företag rörande möbeltillverkning och förskolor. Genomförandefasen använder den insamlade datan för att skapa en funktionsanalys och kravspecifikation på möbelns design, och sedan komma fram med koncept på möbelsetet. I fasen ingår även att konstruera koncepten med CAD och 3D-printing. Analyser användes för att få fram konceptet som bäst möter användarens behov och modifiera konceptet till det slutgiltiga resultatet. För detta används sållningsmatriser, simuleringsprogram för att göra hållfasthetsberäkningar, samt DFMEA, en felorsaksanalys för produktutveckling. Resultatet av detta arbete presenteras med figurer och beskrivningar av möbelsetet. / The aim of this thesis was to develop a concept for a furniture-set that fits in with the preschools of the future, as well as to deliver CAD models and manufacturing documentation. According to a quantitative definition, this furniture should be able to promote the learning ability of the user, regarding function, safety, and accessibility. The task was started at Furnea's initiative to enter the furniture market in central Sweden and the Stockholm area with a new product that can meet the needs that are characterized by future sustainable preschools. The work was done in four different phases; planning, fact collection, implementation, and analysis. During the planning phase, structuring and methodology of the entire work was established. In the fact-finding phase, literature studies were conducted regarding educational orientations, environment, safety, ergonomics, and materials. Interviews of pre-school educators regarding the current use of tables in the preschool, and on companies concerning furniture manufacturing and preschools, were also conducted. The implementation phase uses the collected data to create a functional analysis and requirement specification for the furniture design, and then come up with a concept on the furniture. The phase also includes constructing the concepts with CAD and 3D printing. Analyses were used to bring out the concept that best meets the user's needs and modify the concept to the result. For this purpose, screening matrices, simulation programs for making strength calculations, and DFMEA, an error cause analysis for product development, were used. The result of this work is presented with figures and descriptions of the furniture.

The purpose of this study is to catalogue the chairs and sofas of Old City Park that reflects the American Victorian style and to provide a brief historical account of the style's development. Old City Park in Dallas, Texas is the first major restoration of its kind in the Dallas area. Its aim is to provide an educational as well as historical center for the city. The restoration project began when Millermore, a Southern Colonial house built in 1862, was moved to Old City Park and an agreement was made between the Dallas Park Department and the Dallas County Heritage Society for its erection and restoration. the Society and the Park Department agreed ti create a heritage center in the Old City Park that will illustrate the growth and development of Dallas from 1841 to 1910. This catalogue was done to help justify the historical significance of the furnishing collections destined for use in the restoration of Old City Park. Organized according to substyles, the catalogue contains data collected on each entry and is illustrated by color slides. A brief account of the American Victorian Period precedes these entries.

How can we use more of the materials and products that have already been produced? At the second hand shopping mall ReTuna in Eskilstuna, where circular flows are a reality, there are still many products going to waste. This master thesis project explores the possibilities of upcycle and repurpose driven design, and by that adding new value to existing products. The process of doing that is the basis of this report.  ReTuna Återbruksgalleria is a place where people can leave products they do not want or need anymore.Everyday hundreds of products are left for reuse at ReTuna, which is connected to the overconsumptionthat results in copious amounts of second hand products. Much more than can be taken care of in today’s system. The resources put into every product needs to be valued accordingly to what they truly cost and emit.  This master’s thesis project explores how to design within the planetary boundaries by taking care and responsibility for what already is produced. The first phase of the project consists of observations and interviews to get an understanding of how ReTuna works. The framing of the project was decided after the research phase, which resulted in focus on one specific product, dining chairs. The next part of the project involves upcycling workshops, building of prototypes and an exhibition, all with a focus on increasing the value for second hand chairsand giving the material new areas of use. The last part of the project presents a design result, with an approach for involving more repurpose driven design and upcycling within design and product development.

Abstract  Background: E-commerce and omni-channel retailing strategies have emerged with digitalization. Digital channels have affected many parts of the daily life for consumers and as a result the consumer’s decision-making processes have become more complex. Born natives are a generation of consumers that have grown up having access to digital technology and their behaviors form a unique phenomenon as consumers within the omni-channel environment. At the same time, continuous growth in the Swedish furniture industry has allowed for new retailing strategies to emerge. The sample of born natives born during the 1990’s provides a unique insight in how these consumers behave and interact in the Swedish omni-channel furniture retailing environment.  Research question: How does the omni-channel retailing environment affect decision-making Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how digital native consumers who now comprise a larger consumer segment on the furniture market perceive the omni-channel environment in addition to how the digital omni-channel environment affects their decision- making process when it comes to furniture purchases in terms of perceived risks, purposes, and consumer benefits.  Methodology: This study is of qualitative nature which approaches the research problem and purpose with a relativistic philosophical stance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to provide relevant data by individual consumers, and which have been analyzed with a hermeneutical approach. An inductive approach was adopted to explore the phenomenon.  Conclusion: Consumers perform multiple different actions and adopt different behaviors when operating in the furniture omni-channel retailing environment. Risk aversion, identity building, entertainment and channel selection are all aspects of furniture shopping that are impacted by digital natives operating in the omni-channel retailing environment.

The furniture industry is an integral part of the European economy and is now facing economic, environmental, and regulatory challenges. Within the European Union (EU), a large amount of furniture every year goes to incineration or landfill, with only 10% being recycled. One of the causes is the increased supply of low-quality furniture that is put on the market, causing increased consumption levels, resulting in an increasing amount of waste. Additionally, most of the climate impact occurs within the extraction of raw materials. From an environmental perspective, vast opportunities present themselves. Simultaneously, new stricter legislation demands decreased use of resources and climate impact, and the introduction of new circular economy guidelines forces companies to act. By adopting a circular approach in the organisation, companies can improve their resource usage and climate impact. However, the adoption itself demands new types of business models, which is a challenge for the corporates in the furniture industry to realize.  The furniture industry can be split into two sections, business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C), where the first one has reached a bit further than the latter, regarding circularity. This can be explained, among other things, by knowledge gaps between the two sections and that Product-Service System (PSS) is more established for B2B. PSS integrates products and services to fulfil the customer’s needs, which is seen as an enabler for circular economy. The aim of this thesis is to explore the furniture industry within B2C in Sweden by identifying which circular business practices are offered today, as well as exploring the challenges and opportunities for furniture companies to implement more circular business practices. In addition, it examines which prerequisites are central to a more circular furniture industry. To achieve the purpose of this thesis, a qualitative approach has been used through a case study at a large Swedish B2C furniture company. Data has been collected through a literature study and an interview study where a total of 14 respondents have been interviewed. The interviewees consisted of both internal respondents at the case company as well as external parties consisting of experts and suppliers. In addition, a mapping consisting of a website study has been conducted to identify the current circular business practices that B2C furniture companies offer in Sweden today. The result indicates that linear business models are currently dominating in the furniture industry and that there is an extensive demand for low-priced furniture, which often lacks quality. Regarding circular business practices, there is a limited amount that is being offered on the market. Out of 40 companies considered, four offered two circular business practices, 18 companies offered one circular business practice and 18 companies offered none. The offers included furniture care guides, reconditioning services, furniture leasing, recycling guides and second-hand sales. The most central obstacles a circular furniture industry faces are the price aspect and the consumer attitude, where circular initiatives in many cases can be more expensive compared to buying new products. Cheap furniture has worse prerequisites for circularity due to the inadequate design and lack of spare parts. In addition, the hygiene aspect and logistical issues were found to be central barriers as well. On the other hand, one major opportunity for circular business practices is changes in consumer attitudes, which is changing with the coming generation due to an increasing interest in sustainability. Furthermore, there are upcoming directives and legal requirements as well as benefits consisting of increased profitability for companies in an early transition to a more circular business. The most essential prerequisites to enable a more circular furniture industry is enabling cooperation between actors and joint efforts to change current trends. It is thus clear that a change in the furniture industry is required, which requires actors to dare to change towards a more circular business.

Currently, consumers are developing a serious interest in knowing all the information relevant to the products they purchase. According to recent research studies and practice reports, eco-friendly products, e.g., wood products, are subject to purchase barriers. Home furnishing companies are being demanded to provide traceability information of wood products in order to overcome consumer mistrust before purchasing their products. In order to ensure the provided traceability information is correct and sourcing of the wood doesn’t involve any illegal activities, companies in the wood furniture supply chain perform activities like verification of forestry compliance. Blockchain is turning out to be one of the prominent technologies that can be helpful in achieving material traceability. However, blockchain has not reached the optimum maturity level like many other technologies. Therefore it is critical for the companies to conduct an extensive feasibility assessment before implementing blockchain. Lack of this assessment may lead to inefficient implementation and companies might fail to see a return on investment. In this thesis, a case study was performed in a home furnishings company over the period of five months to analyze the implementation of blockchain for increasing the traceability of wood based materials to support forestry compliance in the wood furniture supply chain. The main objective is to investigate the drivers causing blockchain implementation, challenges that might arise while implementation and enablers that could facilitate the implementation of blockchain. A qualitative case study was conducted to fulfill the research purpose and objectives. In addition to the empirical findings from the semi-structured interviews, a systematic literature review was carried out to validate the interviewee’s responses. The findings from this study have clearly proven that blockchain will be instrumental in achieving wood traceability and mitigating the challenges associated with the verification of forestry compliance. Nevertheless, there are still some challenges associated that need to be carefully addressed by the companies in order to realize the expected benefits. This study also provides an overview of the enablers that could possibly help in mitigating the challenges and ensuring the successful functioning of blockchain. / Dagens konsumenter vill veta mer relevant information om produkterna dem köper. Enligt studier finns köpbarriärer för trä-baserade produkter. Företag inom heminredning begärs presentera transparens angående deras trä-baserade produkter för att undgå misstroende från konsumenter. För att säkerställa att denna information är korrekt, och att materialet inte härstammar från illegal verksamhet, arbetar företag med att verifiera sina material enligt gällande regulationer för skogsverksamhet. Blockchain erbjuder en framstående teknik som kan vara användbar för att uppnå denna typ av transparens för material-kedjan. Trots detta är Blockchain ännu inteen mogen teknologi jämfört med andra. På grund av detta är det viktigt att företag gören genomgående möjlighetsstudie innan implementering påbörjas. Att inte använda sig av denna typ av förstudie kan leda till ineffektiva implementationer, vilket kan leda till att företagen inte ser en önskad avkastning bli verklighet för denna typ av projekt. I denna uppsats presenteras en fallstudie utfört på ett företag inom heminredning. Denna studie pågick under fem månader för att kunna analysera Blockchain-implementationer angående förverkligandet av transparens inom denna typ av verksamhet och därmed trä-baserade produkter, för att säkerställa hänsyn till gällande regulationer för skogsverksamheter. Det huvudsakliga objektivet för denna uppsats är att undersöka möjliggörande faktorer för implementerings-projekt inom Blockchain och dess utmaningar. En kvalitativ fallstudie utfördes för att uppnå syftet och objektiven för denna uppsats. Utöver den empiriska data som samlades ingenom intervjuer har denna uppsats presenterat en systematisk litteraturgenomgång av nuvarande forskning för att validera datan som insamlats genom intervjuerna.

Цель работы – проектирование и методологическое обеспечение разрабатываемого сервиса. Объект исследования – пользовательский опыт взаимодействия с разрабатываемыми прототипами. Методы исследования: анализ существующих решений, методы активации творческого мышления, метод экспертных оценок, анкетирование. Результаты работы: сформулирована методика использований фотограмметрии для создания 3d моделей мебели, разработаны прототипы и вспомогательное ПО мебельного маркетплейса «МЕБЕЛЬ+Р». / The purpose of the work is the design and methodological support of the developed service. The object of the study is the experience of interaction with developed prototypes. Research methods: analysis of repeated decisions, methods of activation of creative thinking, method of expert assessments, questioning. Results of the work: a photogrammetry technique was developed for creating 3d models of furniture, prototypes and auxiliary software for the furniture marketplace "FURNITURE + R" were developed.