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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
711

Value-added to Small-Diameter Timber (Obtained from Hardwood Plantations)

Ting-Ho Tsai (17549595) 05 December 2023 (has links)
<p dir="ltr">Thinning operations play a crucial role in ensuring forest health and sustainability. It strategically removes weaker trees and enhances overall growth by providing more essential resources such as sunlight, nutrients, and water. Small-diameter timber (SDT) is generally a byproduct of thinning operations in natural or plantation forests from either softwood or hardwood species. SDT is characterized by a diameter at breast height (DBH) of less than 9 inches for softwood and 11 inches for hardwood species.</p><p dir="ltr">Plantation forests contribute significantly to uniform material resources, needed for sustainable timber production. However, using SDT is often challenging because of the high cost of management, thinning operation, and its intrinsic characteristics, such as decreased wood properties due to the presence of juvenile wood and defects. Economic difficulties are especially evident for hardwood plantation owners because of the longer growth period of hardwoods.</p><p dir="ltr">This study explores feasible methods to enhance the value of hardwood SDT, encouraging its utilization and aiding plantation owners in offsetting management and thinning operations costs before the harvest of large-diameter timber. There are three parts: exploring potential products based on semi-products, conducting a case study by producing school furniture from six walnut SDTs, and providing recommendations for possible production from SDT.</p><p dir="ltr">Our investigation reveals strategic considerations for future school furniture producers. Establishing sorting and grading criteria, investing in more advanced machinery, producing edge-glued panels from SDT lumber, and having broader ideas for school furniture are pivotal for optimizing the SDT value-added process. The findings suggest that having a plan for the utilization of SDT, considering the recommendations provided, can elevate challenges, optimize strategies, increase the potential value of SDT from plantations, and promote sustainable and profitable use of forest resources.</p>
712

[en] SUSTAINABILITY STARTS AT BIRTH: CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF AN ECO-EFFICIENT SERVICE FOR CHILDREN S BEDROOM INTERIOR DESIGN / [pt] SUSTENTABILIDADE VEM DE BERÇO: ACEITAÇÃO DE UM SERVIÇO ECOEFICIENTE PARA A COMPOSIÇÃO DO QUARTO INFANTIL

JULIA PEREIRA SOARES 01 June 2020 (has links)
[pt] Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados de uma investigação sobre a aceitação de um serviço ecoeficiente hipotético para o reuso do mobiliário do quarto infantil. Identificou-se que a composição do quarto infantil passa por constante renovação pois sofre uma obsolescência funcional. Seu mobiliário tem uso de curta duração pois perde função à proporção que a criança cresce e se desenvolve. Esta prática de remobiliar amplia o consumo de móveis e produz impactos no ambiente. Sugere-se um serviço ecoeficiente como solução para reduzir os impactos deste consumo. Serviços ecoeficientes são considerados inovações na economia, que por meio de ciclos de reuso ecoeficientes, podem tornar o sistema de produção e consumo mais sustentável. Estes serviços baseiam-se na transferência da propriedade do consumidor para o produtor, o qual será responsável por manter a ecoeficiência de produção. Porém, a aceitação de serviços desprovidos de propriedade, enfrenta barreiras ao demandar uma mudança no comportamento de consumo. O método de pesquisa contou com investigação de literatura e estudo de campo baseado em entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionários direcionados ao consumidor. Esta pesquisa identificou fatores que influenciam a aceitação pelo consumidor e dentre os fatores materiais mais relevantes destacam-se: a relação custo-benefício e a percepção da adequação do serviço à composição do quarto. Identificou-se como fatores psicossociais mais relevantes o valor simbólico de objetos novos, a mudança na relação com o objeto e o valor ambiental da proposta. Concluiu-se que, embora a pronta aceitação do serviço dependa da percepção do consumidor sobre os benefícios do serviço em comparação com a compra e a propriedade, há uma atitude positiva em relação aos serviços ecoeficientes. / [en] This research presents the results of an investigation into the acceptance of a hypothetical eco-efficient service for the reuse of children s bedroom furniture. It was identified that the composition of children s bedroom undergoes constant renovation due to a functional obsolescence. Children s furniture has short-term use as it loses its function to keep pace with child growth and development. This refurbish practice increases furniture consumption and has negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, an eco-efficient service issuggested as a solution to reduce the impacts of this consumption. Eco-efficient services are considered as an innovative strategy in the economy, which through eco-efficient reuse cycles can make the production and consumption system more sustainable. These services are based on the transfer of ownership from the consumer to the producer, who will be responsible for maintaining the eco-efficiency of production and extending product s use life. Research, however, asserts that consumer acceptance of nonownership services faces barriers and is subject to change in consumption behaviour. Literature and field studies were carried out. Field studies were based on semi-structured interviews and consumer-oriented questionnaires. This research identified factors that influence consumer acceptance. Among the most relevant material factors were: the cost-benefit ratio and the perception of service adequacy to bedroom s furniture composition. The most relevant psychosocial factors identified were the symbolic value attributed to new objects, the change in the selfobject relationship and the environmental value of the proposal. It was concluded that, whilst readiness to accept service depends on consumer s perception of service benefits when compared to purchase and ownership, there is a positive attitude towards eco-efficient services.
713

Integration av cirkulära möbelflöden i produktutvecklingsprocessen / Integration of circular furniture flows in the product development process

THUREBORN, LINN, MADJID, SANDY January 2020 (has links)
Under de senaste åren har Cirkulär Ekonomi (CE) fått genomslag på marknaden och i samhället. Tidigare har linjära modeller varit framgångsrika inom olika industrier. En linjär modell har lett till att mycket av det material som används dagligen håller på att ta slut. För att åtgärda detta problem behövs bättre förståelse av material, resurser och att potential för bredare användning av det finns, vilket utgör grunden för CE. Då cirkulära möbelflöden (CM) är en del av CE, har möbelföretag valt att integrera cirkularitet i produktutvecklingen. CM syftar till att möbler ska uppnå ett slutet kretslopp och undvika deponi. Detta genom implementering av olika metoder och arbetssätt. Det här arbetet syftar till att undersöka hur företag inom möbelbranschen integrerar principerna för CM med fokus på materialval och design i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Därmed även få reda på vilka olika faktorer som kan betraktas som möjliggörare och/eller begränsningar. Studien utfördes genom att inledningsvis genomföra en litteraturstudie för ökad förståelse kring CM. Därefter genomfördes en kvalitativ intervjustudie för att få en förståelse för arbets- och synsättet kring CM på möbelföretag. I intervjuundersökningen deltog fyra respondenter från fyra olika företag. Resultatet av studien med litteratur som underlag påvisar att det är viktigt att öka medvetenheten kring CM bland konsumenterna och samhället i stort. Detta eftersom ämnet är relativt nytt och komplext. Det ökade fokuset på cirkularitet har förändrat vilka aktörer som arbetar tillsammans, därför är samarbete en viktig faktor. Däremot är material en stor utmaning för CM, det behöver säkerställas hur olika material står sig ur en cirkulär synpunkt. För att hitta nya lösningar på befintliga problem och hinder är nytänkande ytterligare en viktig faktor. / Recently, circular economy (CE) has made a breakthrough in the market and in society. Previous, linear models have been successful in various industries. Linear models have led to raw material ending up being disposed. To address this problem, it is important to have a better understanding of materials and resources, which is the basis of CE. Since, circular furniture flows (CM) is a part of CE, furniture companies have chosen to integrate circularity in product development. The aim with CM is to achieve a closed loop of materials and avoid landfill for furniture. Which can be achieved through different methods and ways of working. This work aims to study how furniture companies integrate the principles of CM. Especially, with focus on material selection and design principles in the product development process. The study also addresses finding out various factors that can be regarded as enabling and/or limiting to a CM. The study was initiated by conducting a literature study to gain an increased understanding of CM. Thereafter, a qualitative interview survey was conducted by four respondents from four different companies. Finally, the results of the study show that it is important to raise awareness about CM among consumers and the society. Due to that the subject is relatively new and complex. The increased focus on circularity has changed which actors that work together, therefore collaboration is important. However, a challenge for CM is material selection, there is a need to ensure how various materials stand from a circular perspective. To find new solutions to existing obstacles it is necessary to think in new ways.
714

Organising for Efficient Environmental Assessment : A Case Study on Cotton Fabric Production / Organisering för effektiv miljöbedömning : En fallstudie på produktion av bomullstyg

Friberg, Amanda, Eriksson, Julia January 2022 (has links)
The textile industry is one of the most polluting industries globally and needs to change to meet the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. Cotton fabric constitutes approximately 50% of all textiles. Its production is complex, and it is crucial to map all its processes to assess the environmental impact. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a common tool to execute this, and there are software tools to simplify the conduction. However, the complexity of textile production, especially the pretreatment process, makes the assessments time-consuming. Therefore, this thesis examined how the environmental assessment of the cotton fabric could be more efficiently organised. The study was an exploratory single case study at a large furniture company. To pursue, the literature processed the topics of designing and producing cotton fabric, environmental assessment of cotton fabric, and organising environmental assessment. The results and analysis were formulated into the three themes: organising environmental assessment, environmental data management, and circularity. Also, the environmental data from the pretreatment process was presented. The discussion of the findings resulted in some conditions to organise for a more efficient environmental assessment of cotton fabric and applicable to other products. Based on the literature and empirics, the conditions were concluded in requirement, development, and potential. In general, the need for an extended LCA tool which enables comparison of processes and includes all sustainability aspects was discovered. Further, to organise the execution of environmental assessment more efficiently, the study clarified the importance of increasing communication and transparency. Meanwhile, extending the data management authority to experts in the textile department to relieve the environmental department. / Textilindustrin är en av de mest förorenande industrierna globalt och behöver förändras för att uppfylla FN:s hållbara utvecklingsmål. 50% av alla textilier består av bumull. Dess produktion är komplex och det är avgörande att kartlägga alla dess processer för att bedöma miljöpåverkan. Livscykelanalys (LCA) är ett vanligt verktyg för att utföra detta, och det finns mjukvaruverktyg för att förenkla utförandet. Komplexitet i textilproduktion, särskilt förbehandlingsprocessen, gör dock bedömningarna tidskrävande. Därför undersökte denna rapport hur miljöbedömningen av bomullstyget kan organiseras mer effektivt. Studien var en explorativ enskild fallstudie på ett stort möbelföretag. Litteraturen behandlade ämnena design och tillverkning av bomullstyg, miljöbedömning av bomullstyg och organisering av miljöbedömning. Resultaten och analysen formulerades i de tre teman: organisering av miljöbedömning, miljödatahantering och cirkularitet. Även miljödata från förbehandlingsprocessen presenterades. Diskussionen av empirin resulterade i förutsättningar för att organisera en mer effektiv miljöbedömning av bomullstyg, som även är tillämpbar på andra produkter. Baserat på litteraturen och empirin gavs förutsättningarna i form av krav, utveckling och potential. Sammanfattningsvis upptäcktes behovet av ett utökat LCA-verktyg som möjliggör jämförelse av processer och inkluderar alla hållbarhetsaspekter. Vidare, för att organisera genomförandet av miljöbedömningar mer effektivt, klargjorde studien vikten av att öka kommunikationen och transparensen. Dessutom utöka datahanteringsbehörigheten till experter på textilavdelningen för att avlasta miljöavdelningen.
715

Table Talks : Ett sökande efter kunskap inom möbelkonstruktion och formgivning. / Table Talks : A search for knowledge in furniture construction and design.

Jonsson, Julia January 2024 (has links)
Detta examensarbete vid Konstfack inom Inredningsarkitektur och Möbeldesign har kommit att handla om en vilja att lära sig något nytt och utmanas inom det en tidigare inte gjort. Inom arbetet har det kommit att bli en undersökning av ett Perstorpsbord från 1960-talet. Det har varit en källa till inspiration och visat på lärdomar inom möbelkonstruktion och möbelformgivning. Projektets tyngd ligger i att förstå och se samband mellan de två aspekterna. Med detta som grund har en transformation skett där Perstorpsbordet har kommit att bli ett nytt, med förändringar inom form, material och konstruktion.  Avsikten har varit att gestalta det nya bordet kallat NAVET, för en ungdom som ofta flyttar emellan boenden. Med det i åtanke så har behov av bordet blivit fastställda som sedan kommit att bli en del av utformningen. Jag jobbar med Perstorpsbordets befintliga funktioner samtidigt som det ska placeras i samtiden och därmed utvecklas. Därav ändras bordets form, material och kulör, samtidigt som jag behåller de aspekter med Perstorpsbordet som utifrån mina undersökningar ansågs vara fungerande hos bordet ännu idag.  Det var viktigt för mig att gå igenom en gestaltningsprocess av en möbel från start till slut. Från ett undersökande med nyfikenhet och öppna ögon, så var syftet att ta det vidare igenom en process av arbete som skisser, anteckningar, mock-up, prototyper och samtal med mera. För att leda fram till att själv stå i verkstaden och försöka förverkliga denna idé av ett bord i full skala.  Mitt mål är att personligen utveckla mer kunskap om såväl en möbel, som dess relation till fältet samt hur jag själv jobbar. Jag upptäckte en för mig ny förundran inför möbler tack vare denna djupdykning och en förståelse för det arbete som ligger bakom. Jag anser därför att detta projekt har gett mig möjligheten att bli bättre som inredningsarkitekt och möbeldesigner. / This thesis project at Konstfack in Interior Architecture and Furniture Design has centered on a desire to learn something new and be challenged in areas I have not previously explored. During this work, it has become an investigation of a Perstorp table from the 1960s. It has been a source of inspiration, providing insights into furniture construction and design. The project’s core lies in understanding and seeing the connections between these two aspects. Using this as a foundation, a transformation has taken place where the Perstorp table has become a new piece, with changes in form, material, and construction. The intention has been to design the new table, called NAVET (The Hub), for a young person who frequently moves between homes. With this in mind, the needs of the table were identified and subsequently incorporated into the design. I am working with the existing functions of the Perstorp table while also aiming to place it in a contemporary context and thus develop it further. Therefore, the table’s shape, material, and color have been changed, while retaining the aspects of the Perstorp table that my research showed to be still functional today. It was important for me to go through a design process for a piece of furniture from start to finish. Starting with exploration driven by curiosity and open-mindedness, the goal was to advance through a work process involving sketches, notes, mock-ups, prototypes, and discussions, among other things, leading to the point where I am in the workshop, attempting to realize this idea of a table in full scale. My goal is to personally develop more knowledge about a piece of furniture, its relation to the field, and how I work. I discovered a newfound admiration for furniture thanks to this deep dive and gained an understanding of the work involved. Therefore, I believe this project has given me the opportunity to become a better interior architect and furniture designer.
716

Lean Manufacturing: Setup Time Reduction in Secondary Wood Manufacturing Facilities in North America

Kucuk, Enis 28 June 2016 (has links)
Since the emergence and the subsequent evolution of lean manufacturing concepts, numerous enterprises of different scale and specialties have adopted lean tools and techniques in their facilities with varying success. In general, lean manufacturing related studies have been conducted on large manufacturing firms, such as the automotive industry. Yet, lean manufacturing tools and techniques are also suited for small enterprises. Thus, the main concern of this study is to investigate the success of set-up time reduction efforts (one of the steps needed to achieve 'one-piece flow') in secondary wood products manufacturing facilities on four woodworking machines (moulder, shaper, table saw, and band saw) based on firm size. The first objective of this research is to explore the results of the implementation of set-up time reduction efforts on selected woodworking machines in enterprises of varying size. It is assumed that company size is a major factor influencing the rate of set-up time improvements. To that end, the first hypothesis, which states that 'Small firms are less successful in reducing set-up time through set-up time reduction efforts than are large firms,' has been developed and supportive questions have been corresponding created. While statistical testing of the hypotheses created for this is not possible due to the limited number of participants, speculations about the possible outcome can be made. Thus, for hypothesis one, the data obtained does not show any sign of a relationship between a firm size and the success rate of set-up time reduction efforts. The second objective of this study is to investigate how a firm's productivity is affected by set-up time reduction efforts as related to firm size. With regards to some of the weaknesses of typical small manufacturing firms (e.g. having limited budget and resources, intuitive management strategies including lack of strategic planning), large firms, by and large, are expected to be more successful in increasing productivity through set-up time reduction. To that end, the goal is to investigate results of the set-up time reduction efforts in terms of productivity improvement in manufacturing facilities. With this in mind, the second hypothesis was proposed, which reads 'Small firms achieve lower productivity gains through set-up time reduction than do large firms.' For the second hypothesis, while no conclusive proof can be offered, no sign of a relationship between firm size and productivity gain through set-up time reduction could be found. Another objective of this study is to explore the success rate of set-up time activities on the four types of woodworking machines in industry facilities considering the training activities provided by manufacturers. The aim is to compare set-up time improvement performance of manufacturers between enterprises which trained their workers/operators and enterprises which did not train their employees. To understand the relationship between the scale of firms (and/or facilities) and training activities to improve set-ups, the third hypothesis, which reads 'Small firms are less concerned with set-up time reduction through training than are large firms,' has been developed. For the third hypothesis, while testing is not possible, it appears that there is no relationship between firm size and the level of concern for set-up time reduction through training activities. The final objective of this research is to investigate whether the secondary wood manufacturing firms studied experienced a bottleneck in their production due to the long set-up actions of machines. In order to accomplish this objective, the final hypothesis, 'In both, large and small firms, bottlenecks occur at machines with high set-up times,' has been developed. The final hypothesis cannot be accepted or rejected due to the limited number of responses obtained, set-up time was a frequently indicated explanation for the occurrence of production bottlenecks in secondary wood products manufacturing firms. / Master of Science
717

Do You Read Me? Objects of Language and the Language of Objects

Barnett, Jamie Marie 01 January 2005 (has links)
My project investigates the intersection of typography and furniture. It questions the language of these objects and compares the two, based on an assumption of similarity. Each supports the assertion of the language system of the other.
718

Análise da prática do design na micro e pequena indústria no setor moveleiro do Estado de São Paulo: contexto, estratégia e competitividade nas empresas que possuem a cultura do design / The practice of design in Micro and Small Industries in furniture industries in the State of São Paulo: context, strategy and competitiveness in companies with design culture

Avendaño, Luis Emiliano Costa 26 April 2017 (has links)
Nos anos recentes tem-se percebido o interesse pela contribuição do design na inovação e nos negócios, mas esta visão com foco no design, por outro lado, ainda não está plenamente inserida na estratégia da indústria. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar não só a cultura de design na micro e pequena indústria, tomando como exemplo o setor moveleiro no estado de São Paulo, como também, dentro do contexto estratégico, quais são os fatores que interferem e decidem o sucesso ou não da inserção da ferramenta de design e sua gestão. Neste sentido,são estudados os aspectos relativos ao design como diferencial do negócio, a estrutura organizacional das micro e pequenas indústrias, a Gestão de Design como sistema integrador de competências, seu consumidor, e como toda esta estrutura desenvolve as características do design na organização, para finalmente propor um modelo teórico que possa indicar soluções estratégicas para a inserção do design dentro da Micro e Pequena Indústria. A tese inicia-se na proposta de que o design e sua gestão podem alavancar a indústria pela sua visão estratégica, trazendo não só inovação nos conceitos desenvolvidos, própria da cultura do design, bem como sendo um fator integrador de estratégias no âmbito do design e do marketing. O estudo mostra que a Gestão de Design e o Modelo teórico aqui proposto podem ser um componente importante para implementar soluções competitivas e integradoras com outras ferramentas estratégicas da organização. / In recent years, there has been great interest in design innovation and contribution to the business; however, this business vision, focusing on design, is not yet fully in line with the industry strategy. This thesis aims to examine not only the design culture in the Micro and Small Industry, taking as an example the furniture sector in the State of São Paulo, but also within the strategic context and business. These factors interfere with and help decide the success or failure of an integration design tool and its management. In this sense, the aspects studied are design as a differential business, the organizational structure of Micro and Small Industries, Design Management as a system integrator skill, customers, and how all this structure develops the design features in the organization to finally propose a theoretical model that can indicate strategic solutions for integrating design within the business vision. The thesis begins by proposing that design and management can leverage the industry towards its strategic vision, not only innovating developed concepts, its own design culture, but integrating factor strategies in design and marketing as well. The study shows that Design Management and the Theoretical Model proposed herein can be an important component to implement competitive solutions and integrated with other strategic organizational tools.
719

Chemical Bleaching of Wood and Its Aging : An Investigation of Mahogany, Walnut, Rosewood, Padauk and Purpleheart

Kristiansson, Louise January 2012 (has links)
This paper investigates chemical bleaching of wood and its ageing to make specie specific recommendations on which bleaching solutions to use when color adjusting veneer for furniture restoration.  In more detail, chemical bleaching of European walnut (Juglans regia), Rio rosewood (Dalbergia nigra), purpleheart (Peltogyne spp.), Honduras mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) and padauk (Pterocarpus spp.) has been investigated using eleven different bleaching solutions. Both oxidative (e.g. hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate) and reductive (e.g. oxalic acid and sodium bisulfite) solutions have been used. Furthermore, to investigate aging of the bleached surfaces they were subjected to sunlight behind a glass window until a change in Blue Wool Scale 3 was obtained. Visual examination has been used to rank the color change after the chemical bleaching and the sun light exposure experiment. A small color change after the sun light exposure experiment indicates a high degree of lightfastness and is preferred for long term stability when restoring furniture. The results show that the wood species react in different ways to the investigated bleach solutions and to sun light exposure. It can also be noted that all investigated solutions were not suitable for all wood species. Moreover, the sun light exposure experiment identified effective bleach solutions that gave an unacceptable low lightfastness for mahogany and padauk after chemical bleaching. Based on the chemical bleaching and sun light exposure results, preferred bleaching solutions are recommended for the investigated wood species. / En vanlig restaureringsuppgift är att ställvis ersätta borttappat träfaner på en möbel. Originalfaneret har blekts med tiden, varför det nya faneret ofta är för färgstarkt och färgen behöver reduceras. När vi upplever en bit padouk som intensivt röd eller amarant som lila, beror det på att det i trät finns ämnen som tar upp energi motsvarande energin i våglängder av synligt ljus. När ämnena absorberar en del av det synliga ljuset registrerar våra näthinnor att de saknas, vilket tolkas som en färg av vår hjärna. De ämnen som absorberar synligt ljus kan brytas ner av solljus över längre tid eller på några minuter genom tillförseln av ett oxidations- eller reduktionsmedel. I mitt examensarbete undersöker jag hur olika oxidations- och reduktionsmedel bleker olika träslag. Jag har valt att undersöka hondurasmahogny, europeisk valnöt, brasiliansk jakaranda, padouk och amarant, då det är träslag som ofta behöver blekas när de används i kompletteringar. Vidare undersöker jag hur den genom blekning erhållna färgen i trät i sin tur påverkas av solljus. Detta är viktigt för att förstå hur de restaurerade delarna på möbeln kommer att åldras. De viktigaste resultaten sammanfattas nedan: Valnöt, jakaranda och amarant reagerade på liknande sätt vid kemisk blekning med de i studien använda lösningarna. De blekas mest av natriumhydroxid och salter med väteperoxid. Mahogny och padouk reagerade på liknande sätt vid kemisk blekning. De blektes mest, med ett jämnt resultat, av väteperoxid med natriumhydroxid eller ammoniak. Oxidationsmedel blekte effektivare än reduktionsmedel. Enbart väteperoxid gjorde jakaranda mörkare. En hög ammoniakkoncentration gav blekare resultat än en låg på alla träslag utom amarant. Valnöt var mest ljusäkta av de undersökta träslagen. Majoriteten av mahognyproverna mörknade av solljusexponeringen. Jakaranda och padouk blektes av solljusexponeringen. Flertalet amarantprover mörknade och ett mindre antal blektes av solljusexponeringen. Solljusexperimentet identifierade blekningslösningar som gav oacceptabelt låg ljusäkthet på mahogny och padouk.   För effektiv blekning och godtagbar ljusäkthet rekommenderas följande lösningar för respektive träslag. Välj lösning beroende på önskad blekningsgrad (se Tabell 2 sid 10). Mahogny: väteperoxid, oxalsyra eller kaliumpermanganat och natriumbisulfit. Valnöt: väteperoxid med eller utan ammoniak, väteperoxid och natriumhydroxid med eller utan salter eller natriumbisulfit och oxalsyra. Jakaranda: väteperoxid med ammoniak, oxalsyra, väteperoxid och natriumhydroxid med eller utan salter, natriumbisulfit och oxalsyra eller kaliumpermanganat och natriumbisulfit. Padouk: natriumhydroxid, natriumsilikat och kalciumhydroxid följt av väteperoxid. Amarant: väteperoxid med eller utan ammoniak, väteperoxid och natriumhydroxid med eller utan salter eller kaliumpermanganat och natriumbisulfit.
720

Análise da prática do design na micro e pequena indústria no setor moveleiro do Estado de São Paulo: contexto, estratégia e competitividade nas empresas que possuem a cultura do design / The practice of design in Micro and Small Industries in furniture industries in the State of São Paulo: context, strategy and competitiveness in companies with design culture

Luis Emiliano Costa Avendaño 26 April 2017 (has links)
Nos anos recentes tem-se percebido o interesse pela contribuição do design na inovação e nos negócios, mas esta visão com foco no design, por outro lado, ainda não está plenamente inserida na estratégia da indústria. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar não só a cultura de design na micro e pequena indústria, tomando como exemplo o setor moveleiro no estado de São Paulo, como também, dentro do contexto estratégico, quais são os fatores que interferem e decidem o sucesso ou não da inserção da ferramenta de design e sua gestão. Neste sentido,são estudados os aspectos relativos ao design como diferencial do negócio, a estrutura organizacional das micro e pequenas indústrias, a Gestão de Design como sistema integrador de competências, seu consumidor, e como toda esta estrutura desenvolve as características do design na organização, para finalmente propor um modelo teórico que possa indicar soluções estratégicas para a inserção do design dentro da Micro e Pequena Indústria. A tese inicia-se na proposta de que o design e sua gestão podem alavancar a indústria pela sua visão estratégica, trazendo não só inovação nos conceitos desenvolvidos, própria da cultura do design, bem como sendo um fator integrador de estratégias no âmbito do design e do marketing. O estudo mostra que a Gestão de Design e o Modelo teórico aqui proposto podem ser um componente importante para implementar soluções competitivas e integradoras com outras ferramentas estratégicas da organização. / In recent years, there has been great interest in design innovation and contribution to the business; however, this business vision, focusing on design, is not yet fully in line with the industry strategy. This thesis aims to examine not only the design culture in the Micro and Small Industry, taking as an example the furniture sector in the State of São Paulo, but also within the strategic context and business. These factors interfere with and help decide the success or failure of an integration design tool and its management. In this sense, the aspects studied are design as a differential business, the organizational structure of Micro and Small Industries, Design Management as a system integrator skill, customers, and how all this structure develops the design features in the organization to finally propose a theoretical model that can indicate strategic solutions for integrating design within the business vision. The thesis begins by proposing that design and management can leverage the industry towards its strategic vision, not only innovating developed concepts, its own design culture, but integrating factor strategies in design and marketing as well. The study shows that Design Management and the Theoretical Model proposed herein can be an important component to implement competitive solutions and integrated with other strategic organizational tools.

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