The purpose of the study has been to, through a qualitative interview create an understanding of abused women and their experience of psychological violence, how it has affected their emotional experiences and mental health and how relationships with people outside the relationship have been affected. Four female participants were interviewed where they shared their experiences and opinions of living with psychological violence in a close relationship based on the following questions: How do women feel that their emotions and health are affected by being exposed to psychological violence? How have abused women's relationships with people outside the relationship been affected? The study is based on previous research that deals with abused women's emotions, mental health, and social relationships as well as sociological theories. The theories used are Thomas Scheff's social bond and shame theory, Susan Scott's theory of role-playing and guilt, Erving Goffman's theory of prominence and facade, and Catherine Haslam, Alexander Haslam and Jolanda Jetten's theory of social ties and mental illness. The results show that the informants experienced strong feelings of guilt and shame, as their everyday lives were marked by violations, guilt, and manipulation. Women's social relationships with those around them were affected due to controlling behaviors or feelings of shame. All informants became ill in mental illness, where eating disorders were most common. / Syftet med studien har varit att genom en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning skapa förståelse hur våldsutsatta kvinnor upplever att psykiskt våld i en parrelation påverkat deras emotionella upplevelser och psykiska hälsa samt hur relationer till personer utanför parrelationen påverkas. Fyra kvinnliga deltagare har intervjuats där dem delat med sig av sina upplevelser och erfarenheter av att leva med psykiskt våld i nära relation utifrån följande frågeställningar: Hur upplever kvinnor att deras emotioner och hälsa påverkats av att utsättas för psykiskt våld? Hur har våldsutsatta kvinnors relationer till personer utanför parrelationen påverkats? Studien baseras på tidigare forskning som behandlar våldsutsatta kvinnors emotioner, psykiska hälsa och sociala relationer samt sociologiska teorier. Teorierna som används är Thomas Scheff sociala band och skam teori, Susan Shotts teori om rolltagande och skuld, Erving Goffmans teori om framträdande och fasad, samt Catherine Haslam, Alexander Haslam och Jolanda Jettens teori om sociala band och psykisk ohälsa. Resultatet visar att informanterna upplevde starka känslor av skuld och skam, då deras vardag präglades av kränkningar, skuldbeläggning och manipulation. Kvinnornas sociala relationer till sin omgivning påverkades på grund av kontrollerande beteenden eller känslor av skam. Samtliga informanter blev sjuka i psykisk ohälsa, där ätstörning var mest förekommande.

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This study aimed to relate the emotions of two fathers regarding their incestuous behaviour. The epistemological framework is social constructionism. The `case-study approach' was chosen as the most suitable method to gain access to the information. Qualitative in-depth interviews with the fathers were conducted to collect data about their emotional experiences regarding their incestuous behaviour and Hermeneutics was used as method of data analysis. The emotional experiences of the participants regarding their incestuous behaviour were reconstructed in the form of prominent themes. Themes that seemed to re-occur in both participants' stories were identified and discussed as common themes. These themes included; ambivalence, powerlessness and guilt. This study provides a rich understanding of the emotional experiences of incestuous fathers. These experiences seem to be unstated or insufficiently emphasised in the traditional empirical, cause and effect, linear modernist literature. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study aimed to relate the emotions of two fathers regarding their incestuous behaviour. The epistemological framework is social constructionism. The `case-study approach' was chosen as the most suitable method to gain access to the information. Qualitative in-depth interviews with the fathers were conducted to collect data about their emotional experiences regarding their incestuous behaviour and Hermeneutics was used as method of data analysis. The emotional experiences of the participants regarding their incestuous behaviour were reconstructed in the form of prominent themes. Themes that seemed to re-occur in both participants' stories were identified and discussed as common themes. These themes included; ambivalence, powerlessness and guilt. This study provides a rich understanding of the emotional experiences of incestuous fathers. These experiences seem to be unstated or insufficiently emphasised in the traditional empirical, cause and effect, linear modernist literature. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

The registered midwives are engaged in continuous health education lessons In antenatal visits, discouraging antenatal clients from using hannful traditional and cultural practices in an attempt to preserve pregnancy to tenn. Despite the registered midwives' efforts, the clients continue to use hannful cultural methods, which are life-threatening to both the mother and the foetus In utero. The prenatal clients perceive the registered midwives as not being sensitive to their culture. The results of this study revealed that health education in antenatal clinics should be collaborative: that is, the people who have influence over the clients' pregnancy, like me mother-in-law, the traditional practitioners, cUents and their family members, should be involved by the midwives during the preparation of pregnancy lessons and health education lessons on how to preserve pregnancy to term according to· scientifically proven methods. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

This dissertation attempts to understand what support from the school parents would most value when their child has been diagnosed with a learning disability. The method employed was qualitative in nature, using eight in-depth interviews with the mothers. The interviews confirmed that parents experience emotions similar to those when grieving. They also tend to feel isolated from their communities. Before embarking on a support program the school needs to recognize the depth of these emotions. The interviews also revealed that parents require timeous communication from the teacher. Parents concerns should be taken seriously or time goes by without the disability being attended to. The terminology used by professionals is often not fully understood by parents, and this causes them to feel unsure of how therapy is helping their child in the classroom and what its value is. Various guidelines are offered to support parents with regard to the above-mentioned aspects. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

This study is a focus on a small minority group within Australian society. This study attempts to explore and expose the inherent injustices experienced by this Aboriginal group since colonization. Its major focus is the loss of their land and their human rights and dignity subsequent to this invasion/ colonization. It also attempts, subsequent to the High Court decision in favour of Aboriginal land ownership, to also theologically support that stance. This study exposes the heretical nature of the traditional theology and religious practices of the dominant white population. It also tries to show the correlation with the experience of the Maori people in New Zealand and how they lost their land to the British Monarch. It then attempts some directives for reconciliation between these peoples and what could be done to restore the damage done since 1788. / Theology / M.Th. (Systematic Theology)

Text in English / This research was aimed at giving a voice to three women, who are constructed as having had a traumatic event recalled from their autobiographical memory. To achieve this objective an epistemological framework of social constructionism was used to investigate autobiographical memory recall of trauma. Three in-depth interviews were conducted with participants who constructed themselves as having had a traumatic event. A case study approach was used to gain access to the information and to compare themes. The research explored the way in which dissociation, voluntary thought suppression, minimisation and outright denial enabled the three participants to alter unbearable memories through the use of recurring themes. To interpret these stories the content of the themes was analysed using thematic content analysis. The participants represented different cultures, languages and religions. In sharing their symptoms this did not necessarily mean they attached the same meaning to a specific theme, as individual meaning-making corresponded to the individual‟s background and history and their perception of the trauma. The stories related by the three participants revealed a shattered worldview that brought them into opposition with community norms and standards, which the narrators experienced as silencing and judgemental. In this regard the researcher‟s aim was to generate information from the participants themselves. This inquiry into the personal trauma stories and meanings suited a qualitative research approach, a form of methodology that allowed personal insight into the meanings the three participants attributed to their trauma and the autobiographical recall of trauma. At the same time it allowed a co-constructed reality to take shape between the researcher‟s reality and the participant‟s reality, always acknowledging the importance of their being the expert of their own individual trauma memory. This is in contrast to a quantitative approach which focuses on numbers to quantify the results; a qualitative approach on the other hand is a personal, rich information-gathering tool that takes into account the emotions and meaning-making of each individual story without any intention to generalise the information gathered to a larger population It is hoped that through this research there is a realisation that although trauma victims share symptoms, the meaning-making of the individual attached to this trauma is influenced by their society and history within their respective environments. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Cette thèse propose une analyse de la question de la survivance – notion ayant retenu l’attention de penseurs issus de différentes disciplines tels que Janine Altounian, Jacques Derrida et Georges Didi-Huberman – dans l’œuvre de Sarah Kofman, plus particulièrement dans son récit autobiographique intitulé Rue Ordener, rue Labat, paru en 1994. Quatre grandes orientations guident ce travail dont l’approche théorique se situe à la croisée de la littérature, de la philosophie, de la psychanalyse, de l’histoire (tant sociale que de l’art) et du juridique. Premièrement, nous nous intéressons à ce qu’implique non seulement le fait d’« échapper à la mort », en observant les moyens mis en œuvre pour y parvenir, mais aussi celui de « continuer à vivre » après l’événement de la Shoah. Deuxièmement, nous étudions les différentes manifestations de « la survivance active de l’enfant en nous » (J.-B. Pontalis) de même que celle de « l’objet perdu » dans le travail de deuil impossible, encore autrement « interminable », qui a pris corps dans l’œuvre de Sarah Kofman. Troisièmement, nous abordons la « survivance » au sens du Nachleben d’Aby Warburg et repérons la trace des autres écrits de la philosophe, elliptiquement condensés dans son récit par la reprise de thèmes, le retour de sujets antérieurement évoqués. Quatrièmement, nous interrogeons la locution pronominale « se survivre » et la portée de ses compléments : « dans son œuvre », « dans son témoignage », « dans les mémoires ». Parmi les points qui sont analysés en profondeur dans les chapitres de cette thèse, notons les motifs du ressentiment, du double tragique, du pardon et de l’oubli, de la « disgrâce », de la honte et de la culpabilité, ainsi que les différentes modalités de la survivance – la capacité d’adaptation et le rôle des mères, la lecture, le rire, les arts visuels – mises en œuvre par Sarah Kofman. Dans cette « œuvre-vie » (Pleshette DeArmitt), ce corpus singulier et unique, il s’est toujours agi de ceci, quoi qu’il lui en coûta : « affirmer sans cesse la survie », selon l’expression de Derrida. / This thesis considers the notion of survival—a concept that has attracted the attention of thinkers from various disciplines, from Janine Altounian to Jacques Derrida and Georges Didi-Huberman—in the work of Sarah Kofman, and specifically in her autobiography, Rue Ordener, rue Labat, which came out in 1994. Four lines of inquiry guide this work, whose theoretical approach lies at the crossroads of literature, philosophy, psychoanalysis, and history (both social history and art history), and which, in the central chapter, addresses the legal sphere as well. We begin by looking not only into what it means to “escape death,” (including the attempts to achieve such a goal), but also into the drive to “live on” after the event of the Shoah. Secondly, we study various manifestations of the “active survival of the inner child” (J.-B. Pontalis), as well as the manifestations of the “lost object” in the work of impossible mourning, equally “interminable,” as it takes shape in Kofman’s works. Thirdly, we address the question of “survival” in the sense of Aby Warburg’s Nachleben (a concept studied by Georges Didi-Huberman) and find traces of other writings by Kofman, elliptically condensed in her autobiography, which takes up themes and revisits subjects previously touched upon in her writings. Fourthly, we question the pronominal French locution “se survivre” (to outlive, to outlast) and the scope of its complements: “in his/her work,” “in his/her testimonial,” “in memories”—all drawn together in Kofman’s work in an exemplary manner. Among the points analyzed in depth in the chapters of this thesis are the motifs of resentment, the tragic double, forgiveness and forgetting, “disgrace,” shame and guilt, as well as various modalities of survival—the adaptation ability and the role of mothers, reading, laughter, the visual arts—all used by Kofman. This “LifeWork” (Pleshett DeArmitt), this singular and unique corpus, has always been about “ceaselessly affirming survival,” in the words of Jacques Derrida—no matter how high the price.