This essay describes how the author gradually gets a deeper understanding for his profession and the development of his professional skills, attitude and practice.  The essay contains two main narratives representing examples from the author´s occupational practice, and through those narratives he tells how his practice alters and develops. These stories are also the basis for considering different aspects on how to get good models for practising a profession when you are a beginner, and how to manage ethical dilemmas.  The starting point is when the author in the beginning of his career as a rural pastor is visiting a seriously ill parishioner at a province hospital. The course and the outcome of this call is surprising the young pastor, and the author tries to analyze the background to the outcome and assesses several possible explanations for the result of his call.  The narrative is used to examine the attitude, the professional skills and the social and existential context for the author at that time. The patriarchal patterns in the parish are illuminated and questioned.  In the second part of the essay the author investigates what will happen when pastoral cure transforms to psychotherapy, and how the author deals with phenomena in the therapeutical process such as idealization and secondary traumatization.  On basis of texts written by among others Ingela Josefson, Fredrik Svenaeus, Christian Nilsson and Ulla Ekström von Essen the author seeks explanation for the development of his practical knowledge. With references to philosofers as Plato, Aristotle, H.G. Gadamer, Hannah Arendt, Dreyfus&Dreyfus among others he discusses how the theory of practical knowledge can be used in describing the development of professional skill and professional ethics in a person being both curate and psychotherapist.

Under 1960- och 1970-talen utvecklas svensk socialpolitik starkt och sysselsättningsgraden stiger markant. Allt fler kvinnor börjar lönearbeta och hemmafrubegreppet luckras upp och försvinner mer eller mindre på ett decennium. Begreppet jämställdhet etableras i den politiska debatten och introduceras även för första gången i läroplan för grundskolan 1969. Den här samhällsutvecklingen märks mycket tydligt i läromedlen för mellanstadiet och på bara drygt tio år sker en enorm förändring. Från att vara starkt präglade av hemmafruidealet samt tydligt normativa vad gäller särskiljandet på pojkars och flickors egenskaper och intressen, till att mer eller mindre vara helt könsneutrala vad gäller de arbeten, utbildningar och fritidsintressen som illustreras och beskrivs i läroböckerna. Ändå visar det sig att utvecklingen i läroböckerna är något släpande i förhållande till den samhällspolitiska utvecklingen i stort. Detta kan bero på att läromedel ofta har en lång produktionstid och således tenderar att hålla fast vid gamla normer och fördomar längre än vad den samtida samhällsdebatten anger.

Literature and music as an expression of art have some parts in common, others can quite differ. Both are using a language, and both can exist in written representations. You can find such written or printed items in library catalogues. The aim of this two years master's thesis is to examine how cataloguing of printed fiction-literature and printed music looks like, what differences you can find in cataloguing of printed literature and printed music. This study is based on a comparative methodology and two different theories are used. The first describes the common tasks for library catalogues as they are known traditionally and recently (as FRBR-conceptual model), the other is a comparison of the two art-species literature (fiction) and music. This paper's first part is a comparison of how printed literature and printed music are catalogued in the Swedish national catalogue LIBRIS. This comparison first looked at the Swedish cataloguing rules in KRS (Katalogiseringsregler för svenska bibliotek) and exemplified with a selection of the printed fictional works of one author and the printed music of one composer for comparison. In a second step the FRBR-conceptual model was examined for differences in the basic requirements for national bibliographic records either for printed fiction-literature or for printed music, and how much of these basic requirements are represented in the data of the LIBRIS-catalogue. For both parts it was possible to show, that the differences in cataloguing of printed literature and printed music exist, but only on a more or less detailed level. The tasks for a catalogue are for both literature and music the same: to find a work, to show what a library has and to assist in the choice of a work. But the bibliographic data for printed music materials are much more detailed than those for printed fiction-literature because of differences in the nature of literature and music. I think an implementation of the FRBR conceptual model would improve the information-possibilities of library catalogues. Mostly the fifth FRBR-task to relate would give more valuable information to a catalogue, especially for literary (fiction) and musical products that usually exist in many different expressions.

This essay aims to report on the process of our documentation of art objects in the care of Smålands nation in Uppsala as a part of our education in museology and cultural heritage studies. The nation has a long history and our documentation shows many valuable objects reflecting this. The care of these objects is substandard and in great need of change. Our work process has involved photography and research about each object, the information has then been registered in our catalogue. The documentation has, besides the catalogue, generated a plan for future management and storage of the collection. We hope that this documentation has, besides the catalogue, generated a plan for future management and storage of the collection. We hope that this documentation, in addition to knowledge about preventive conservation, will result in a change of attitude towards the cultural heritage of the nation.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse and problematize the concept of culture and its changes during the 1960s. By examining articles out of the periodical Ord&Bild 1962-1972, I show how an aesthetically marked concept, closely related to the concept of art, changes into an anthropological perspective where attention is drawn to the social, economical, political and ideological aspects. This change is viewed in relation to the works of three prominent cultural theorists from the 1960s: Raymond Williams, Marshall McLuhan and Herbert Marcuse. The change that the concept of culture undergoes can be illuminated in several ways. Epistemologically questions of art, its objectivity and relation to reality, are replaced by questions of the function of art and of its role as reproducing ideas and norms of a bourgeois society. Economical and social aspects are used as critical factors in discussing the role and conception of culture, a perspective that gives the discussion a political and ideological edge. Another related track of change is that attention is brought to the relationship between culture as norms and values and culture as art, also known as “high culture”. This means that the idea of an universal culture is criticized for its excluding tendencies. By the end of the decade, the concept of culture has lost its universal meaning and is, among other things, used to endorse and emphasize a specific identity. Culture is key concept in a critical discussion about society and is also seen as a way of changing this society. Culture can then be viewed as a “concept of struggle”. The change that the concept of culture goes through is related to changes in the society as a whole, as well as to underlying ideas and visions about the society. The change must not be understood as a consequence of the political escalation during the 1960s, but is to be seen as a development parallel to this radicalization of society.

La plupart des lectures contemporaines des Essais ignore la pensée morale de Montaigne. Ici, je maintiens que Montaigne épouse ‘une éthique de la modestie’ en même temps qu’il rejette toute éthique normative. En particulier, je cherche à aborder comment Montaigne suggère que nous connaissons la vertu et agissons si deux individus ne partagent pas le même perspective et on ne peut pas être le même sujet éthique deux fois. Je vais commencer par discuter la position épistémique de Montaigne par rapport aux universels pour illustrer comment Montaigne met en question l’universalité des lois éthiques et un bien connu a priori comme certains nominalistes et comment la notion de la contingence qui accompagne cette attitude a des implications pour le sujet. Ensuite, je vais explorer comment Montaigne partage et part des penseurs anciens, surtout les sceptiques, afin de façonner une méthode empirique qui a son point de départ dans l’individu. En fouillant sa méthode, qui a son modèle dans le chapitre « De l’expérience », je vais démontrer comment cet aspect de la pensée de Montaigne empêche sa morale de succomber au nihilisme, parce qu’il affirme qu’il reste des phénomènes qu’on peut connaître à posteriori. Je voudrais montrer comment la méthode des Essais aide les individus à exercer leur jugement pratique et former leur intention face aux circonstances changeantes indépendamment des croyances. English Translation : [Most contemporary readings of the Essays ignore Montaigne’s moral thought. In this paper, I assert that Montaigne espouses ‘a modest ethics’ at the same time that he rejects all normative ethical systems. Specifically, I seek to address how Montaigne suggests that we can know virtue and act if no two individuals share the same epistemological position and an individual can never be the same ethical subject twice. I will argue that Montaigne denies human knowledge of metaphysical universals and in this regard resembles medieval nominalists, who held that humans only know individuals and particular instances a posteriori. I will demonstrate that Montaigne’s epistemological modesty influences his ethical position, as he repudiates our capacity to identify an a priori good or a télos to which we should all strive. Because I think that this negative aspect of the Essays does not lead to moral nihilism, I will explore how Montaigne draws and departs from classical thinkers, specifically the Skeptics, in order to fashion an empirical method with the individual ethical subject at its center. I will show how the study of experience outlined in the Essays helps the moral subject to make practical judgments and form intentions with regard to particular circumstances, independently of belief.]

I denna uppsats undersöks laga skifte i Rengsjö socken och vilka konflikter som uppstod i samband med skiftesförrättningarna under åren 1847 till 1874. En kategorisering av olika konflikter har gjorts och med studier av laga skiftesprotokollen har konflikterna identifierats samt uppställda hypoteser och frågor bearbetats och besvarats. Den primära källan är således laga skiftesprotokoll som arkiverats hos Lantmäteriet och till den tidigare forskning som omnämns hör bland annat Ronny Petterssons studie om laga skifte i Halland, Anders Franzéns studie över laga skifte i Småland samt Britt Liljewalls teorier om kontinuitet och förändring som drivkrafter. Forskningen kring laga skifte är tämligen omfattande men gäller i huvudsak de södra delarna av vårt land. Denna studie avser en mindre socken i landskapaet Hälsingland.

No description available.

The organized and controlled form of collecting consumption taxes and toll from the import and export trade goes back to the 17th century in Sweden. The customs administration and procedure were regulated by royal announcements, and the majority of the documents found in the customs archives represent thus records stipulated by such notifications. The customs archives can be used for research on several levels; the announcements reflect currents within both the domestic and foreign politics, while the account lists for financial statistics portray the extent of the trade. The various lists of compilation can be further used to follow for instance the development of different units of measurement, the expansion of tax rates, the value of trade goods or the changes in monetary units or systems. The diaries, architectural plans of the customs offices and maps of the toll areas place the customs officials and their work within the local scenery. The thesis focuses on archives deriving from customs located at harbors and on the Swedish-Norwegian border in the county of Dalarna. Examples of documents originating from the collection of agricultural tariffs have been included, as well as cases from a tariff court (accisrätt). These selected archives cover both the different kinds and levels of customs administration found in Sweden from the 17 the century and onward. This is a one year master’s thesis in Archival Science.

The purpose of this essay is to try and bring clarity to the question, what is Chick Lit and which factors make it so popular. My thesis  endeavors to explain that it is not only the promise of light entertainment that draws the reader, but also the possibility that in an easy way they can read about existential questions such as self-development  and life -choices. As well as mapping out Chick Lit´s specific characteristics, followed by previous research on the subject and the litterateur’s history, I have found it interesting to discuss the female characters, their personalities and life choice’s against a backdrop of existentialistic philosophy. In my research of this form of literateur I have discovered that chick lit often deals with existential universal problems, and that in order to be entertaining these books must contain a serious element.