According to the Ministry of Health (1996:26), the most common chronic/terminal illnesses were cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, cancer, mental disorders, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and asthma. Long term treatment and care and the growing incidence of these conditions necessitated the introduction of home-based care (HBC). Consequently, family care givers play a major role in the provision of care to chronically/terminally ill patients and professional health care providers adopt a supervisory role. This study examined the quality of home care services provided in Botswana. The availability and accessibility of home-based care services and resources have a direct bearing on the quality of home-based care delivery system. The researcher used systems theory was used as the conceptual framework for this study. The study aimed to • determine the accessibility and availability of home-based care services in Molepolole East • investigate what the perspectives and experiences of family care givers, patients and professional health care providers of Botswana home-based care are • determine the roles of professionals health care providers, patients, and family care givers and their relationships in the context of home- based care • identify the needs of chronically/terminally ill patents and family care givers • determine the type of support given to family care givers and patients by professional health care providers and make recommendations for the improvement of home-based care • develop a model to prepare family care givers The research design combined quantitative and qualitative research methods. A sample of convenience was used to obtain information from patients' family care givers and professional health care providers. Interviews and questionnaires were used. A proposed care giving preparedness model is presented to meet needs of the family care givers. The study found that family care givers needs are neither known nor catered for by the professional health care provider. The family care givers were not adequately prepared before adopting the care-giving role. It is recommended that • The proposed preparedness care giving training model is considered for training of patients and family care givers before discharge and during HBC. • Increase patients and family care givers decision-making / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

The pillars on which this study is based (stands) could be compared with the observations of Ejiofor (1981: 4), who says the modern-and-African political models have not been sufficiently discovered, developed, and operated in African states. One thinks that the social and political behaviour of African people are in conflict with the present day political structures and institutions. Political and economic actors fail to harness the knowledge, attitudes, and responses with the indigenous values. Own to these reasons the present political dispensations in Africa are misconceived and ill-adapted to their reality. Hence, the call for detailed study of home-grown African values as a means to redress these imbalances has become inevitable. This study is based on Igbo cultural solidarity as a means to address and achieve rural development in Africa. Meanwhile, this study attempts to re-ignite and re-echo ‘people-based’ and understood ‘home-based’ models of achieving rural development as focused on Okigwe-Owerri-Orlu political divisions among the Igbo of South-eastern Nigeria. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

La pratique infirmière en soins palliatifs en fin de vie à domicile fait l’objet de critiques lorsqu’elle est circonscrite à des paramètres biomédicaux, comme la gestion des douleurs et des symptômes de fin de vie. Cet accent maintiendrait parfois la pratique infirmière en porte-à-faux avec les volontés réelles des personnes soignées, ce qui limiterait leur possibilité de vivre pleinement leur vie dans la période du mourir. Partant de l’idée que la discipline et la pratique infirmière visent la santé des personnes, quelle que soit la période de leur vie, le but de cette thèse est de concevoir des mécanismes actionnables pour une pratique infirmière pour la santé en soins palliatifs en fin de vie à domicile, afin que les personnes soignées vivent la vie qu’elles valorisent dans la période du mourir. Une démarche itérative comportant un volet théorique et un volet empirique est présentée, en cohérence avec les principes de l’épistémologie du constructivisme projectif et une conception systémique de la pratique infirmière. Le volet théorique de la thèse prend appui sur l’approche par les capabilités d’Amartya Sen. Les capabilités des individus représentent l’ensemble des libertés qu’ils possèdent réellement pour vivre la vie qu’ils ont raison de valoriser. À partir d’idées de Sen, nous proposons une modélisation de l’agir complexe de la pratique infirmière comme processus de conversion de ressources vers des capabilités pour la santé. Le volet empirique de la thèse est fondé sur cette proposition théorique. La question de recherche suivante est posée : Comment la pratique infirmière pour la santé en soins palliatifs en fin de vie à domicile peut être conçue comme un processus de conversion vers des capabilités pour la santé? La recherche empirique suit les paramètres d’un devis qualitatif descriptif interprétatif combinant une approche narrative et une méthode d’analyse par questionnement analytique. Une première partie des résultats empiriques présente trois récits coconstruits auprès d’infirmières œuvrant en soins palliatifs en fin de vie à domicile et un quatrième récit assemble les réflexions de l’étudiant-chercheur issues de sa pratique clinique et de recherche. La deuxième partie des résultats empiriques présente quatre mécanismes de la pratique infirmière pouvant participer à la création de capabilités pour que les personnes soignées vivent la vie qu’elles valorisent dans la période du mourir : 1) naviguer entre la vie valorisée par l’Autre et des normes, 2) concevoir l’Autre à la fois capable et vulnérable; 3) engager la réflexivité sur soi, et 4) agir par la présence créative. Ces résultats suggèrent une conception de la pratique infirmière en soins palliatifs en fin de vie à domicile comprise sous l’angle d’une praxis qui appelle à la réflexivité, la réciprocité et la créativité des infirmières pour s’engager dans la relation au mourant. Pour la discipline infirmière, l’approche par les capabilités permet de comprendre comment la pratique infirmière peut s’engager concrètement vers la vie valorisée par les personnes soignées, jusqu’à leur mort. / Home-based palliative care nursing has been critiqued for its focus on biomedical parameters, such as pain or end-of-life symptom management, which tend to maintain nursing practice at odds with patient aspirations, thus limiting their ability to live life to the fullest until death. Based on the premise that the aim of nursing discipline and practice is health throughout all stages of life, the purpose of this thesis is to theorize actionable mechanisms of health-oriented nursing practice in home-based palliative care so that dying people can live the life they value until death. An iterative methodology combining theoretical and empirical work was conducted, in coherence with a pragmatic constructivist epistemology and a systemic model of nursing practice. The theoretical component of this thesis is based on Amartya Sen's capability approach. Capabilities are defined by Sen as the set of effective freedoms people possess to live the life they have reason to value. Based on Sen's ideas, we propose that nursing practice can be conceptualized as the conversion process of resources into health capabilities. The empirical component of this thesis proceeds from the above proposition with the following research question: How can health-oriented nursing practice in home-based palliative care be conceptualized as a conversion process towards health capabilities? A descriptive-interpretive qualitative design, combining narrative inquiry and analytical questioning produced two sets of empirical results. The first presents three stories co-constructed with nurses practicing home-based palliative care; whilst a fourth story recounts the author’s emerging reflections in relation to his own clinical and research practice. The second set of empirical findings presents four nursing practice mechanisms that tend to create capabilities of dying people as they live the life they value until death: 1) navigating between a life valued and norms, 2) seeing a dying person as both capable and vulnerable; 3) reflexively engaging with one’s practice, and 4) being creatively present. These findings suggest that home-based palliative care nursing can be understood as a praxis that engages reflexivity, reciprocity, and creativity in relation to the dying person. For the discipline of nursing, a capability lens reveals how nursing practice can engage with the lives valued by dying people, until their death.

Yes / With the aim of targeting high-risk hidden heterosexual young people for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) testing, an innovative web-based screening strategy using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) and home-based CT testing, was developed, piloted and evaluated. Two STI clinic nurses encouraged 37 CT positive heterosexual young people (aged 16-25 years), called index clients, to recruit peers from their social and sexual networks using the web-based screening strategy. Eligible peers (young, living in the study area) could request a home-based CT test and recruit other peers. Twelve (40%) index clients recruited 35 peers. Two of these peers recruited other peers (n = 7). In total, 35 recruited peers were eligible for participation; ten of them (29%) requested a test and eight tested. Seven tested for the first time and one (13%) was positive. Most peers were female friends (80%). Nurses were positive about using the strategy. The screening strategy is feasible for targeting the hidden social network. However, uptake among men and recruitment of sex-partners is low and RDS stopped early. Future studies are needed to explore the sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and impact of strategies that target people at risk who are not effectively reached by regular health care.

The focused of this study is the role of capacity building in Community Home Based Care (CHBC) for HIV/AIDS patients. The study forms part of my Master's in Development Administration programme, undertaken through UNISA. The dissertation was accomplished by studying the TASO community initiative in Sseeta-Nazigo, Mukono District, Uganda. It explores the concept of capacity building and its applicability to CHBC. The primacy data was gathered by conducting Key Infonnant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The secondary data was gathered by reviewing literature to augment the primary data. In addition, data was gathered through observations within the community. The fmdings have identified seven critical components of capacity building: community mobilisation, skills development, Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT), networking and collaboration, support and supervision, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). The study observed that capacity built in the above areas resulted in three outcomes: skills development, improvement in procedures, and institutional development. Informed recommendations were subsequently made related to the seven componentsof capacity building in CHBC / Development Studies / M. A. (Development Studies)

The study explored the psychosocial needs of Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVCs) affected by HIV and AIDS in Gokomere, a rural area of Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe. The participants of the study included OVCs, caregivers and members of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and faith-based organisations (FBOs). The data was gathered using semi-structured in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion. The audio-taped data was transcribed, coded and interpreted to generate themes, categories and sub-categories. The main psychosocial needs of OVCs affected by HIV and AIDS were found to be the need for relationships, succession planning, social protection and emotional and spiritual support. Kinship care emerged to be the most important form of care for OVCs while home-based care and child-headed households emerged as new forms of care for OVCs. This study recommends that coordinated efforts by the government, NGOs/FBOs/CBO and the community at large is needed to address the challenges facing OVCs affected by HIV and AIDS. / Health Studies / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

The aim of this research was to explore the challenges faced by women providing home-based care to those infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. The specific objectives of the study were to explore the gender-related, sociocultural and socioeconomic challenges faced by these women; and to investigate best practices in home- based care. An exploration of the challenges women experience in their communities as they provide care for the HIV and AIDS infected and affected is located within a gender and power framework. Feminist theories are also used to try and explain the reasons behind the differences and inequalities that exist in the community, particularly as regards the women who provide home-based care. A qualitative study, which used both qualitative and participatory methods of data gathering, was undertaken in 2014 in Mzimba, Malawi. Data was collected from 26 women participants by means of Critical Incident Narrative interviews (5), Individual In-Depth Interviews (5), and two Focus Group Discussions (6 and 10 participants respectively). Three Key Informant Interviews were conducted with a Ministry of Local Government official, another with a Nursing sister at the Mzimba District Hospital Tuberculosis Ward, and the Mzimba District Hospital Home-based care Coordinator. Purposive and snowballing sampling techniques were used to recruit the research participants. A topic guide was used in critical incident narrative interviews. An interview schedule consisting open-ended questions and face interviews were used for the Individual In-depth Interviews. A topic guide was used for the Focus Group Discussions. All the data collection instruments were guided by the themes of social, economic, cultural, psychological challenges; food security, and coping mechanisms. An interview schedule consisting of open-ended questions were used for the Key Informant Interviews. A Check List of WHO minimum package for home-based care programmes was used to assess the actual program best practices. The methodology of this study was guided by the WHO framework on home-based care. In this framework, the home-based care programme includes the following elements which make up the minimum package of care: provision of care, continuum of care, education, supplies and equipment, staffing, finance and sustainability, and monitoring and evaluation. Very few studies have been concluded to understand the sociological issues that affect women who provide care to the HIV and AIDS infected and affected in households and communities. It is hoped that this study will in some way address this gap, and that the information and recommendations contained in this thesis will guide policy recommendations in Malawi that will incorporate the lived experiences of those who provide this care. The study revealed that women providing home-based care to the HIV and AIDS infected and affected experience harsh challenges. Women carry the burden of care as traditionally men do not provide care. Women experience extreme deprivation which manifests itself through a number of socio-economic difficulties and these include been shown in their inability to provide for their basic necessities such as food, and other household needs. For most of the women carers, the deprivation is a direct consequence of their low levels of education which rendered them unable to find employment of engage in successful business ownership. The women carers also lack social security in the sense that they do not have access to land for example which could ensure that they have some level of food security. When the main income earner died the women carers and their dependants were left to fend for themselves. Women carers also experienced various psychological problems and these included nightmares, insomnia, depression and these affected their physical health such a few reported lack of appetite for food as a major issue. Women carers and in particular the young women reported that they had to elements which make up the minimum package of care: provision of care, continuum of care, education, supplies and equipment, staffing, finance and sustainability, and monitoring and evaluation. Very few studies have been concluded to understand the sociological issues that affect women who provide care to the HIV and AIDS infected and affected in households and communities. It is hoped that this study will in some way address this gap, and that the information and recommendations contained in this thesis will guide policy recommendations in Malawi that will incorporate the lived experiences of those who provide this care. The study revealed that women providing home-based care to the HIV and AIDS infected and affected experience harsh challenges. Women carry the burden of care as traditionally men do not provide care. Women experience extreme deprivation which manifests itself through a number of socio-economic difficulties and these include been shown in their inability to provide for their basic necessities such as food, and other household needs. For most of the women carers, the deprivation is a direct consequence of their low levels of education which rendered them unable to find employment of engage in successful business ownership. The women carers also lack social security in the sense that they do not have access to land for example which could ensure that they have some level of food security. When the main income earner died the women carers and their dependants were left to fend for themselves. Women carers also experienced various psychological problems and these included nightmares, insomnia, depression and these affected their physical health such a few reported lack of appetite for food as a major issue. Women carers and in particular the young women reported that they had to drop of school to marry when their parents or guardians died. The other dimension to this issue was that the older women carers reported that during their young years, it was common place to find girls who did not attend school or were pressurised to get married because their parents did not believe in educating girls. The background is currently affecting the women carers as they find that they cannot get involved in profitable business or even look for employment. They lack the basic literacy levels that would allow them to be become more productive and ensure financial security. Women carers experienced a number of gender related challenges as they provided care and these included the burden of care being almost solely borne by the women. Women revealed that they have had to use various coping strategies in the face of the overwhelming challenges that they continue to experience. Elderly women have found ways to cope by selling the property such as land and household goods, conducting small scale informal business, and sending the children away to relatives to be fostered. The young women on the other hand have sometimes reverted to some dangerous strategies for coping such as getting a boyfriend to provide for their financial needs, engaged in transactional sex, and some got married very early. The other coping strategies that the young women employed were to conduct small businesses, depended on family and relatives to provide for their various needs. The women volunteers revealed that they used their group as a therapy group, they shared the work, and that they were involved in small scale businesses. The study has also revealed that there is a home-based care programme that is functioning fairly well. However, there are indications that as much as the various players are trying to assist those who are infected and affected by HIV and AIDS, there are severe gaps in the effectiveness of the programme. There is need for a review of the programme so that it answers to the needs of those who are caring for those who are on home-based care i.e. a more rigorous implementation of HBC programme is required. The overall findings of the study indicate that the poverty trap in which the women are caught impacts on every aspect of their existence, with little hope of them ever improving their conditions. There is need for the Malawi government to come up with strategic interventions that would alleviate of women in general but in particular those who are left to provide care at home. Such interventions could include poverty alleviation strategies for women who are providing care to ensure that their situation does not deteriorate once they begin to provide care. Since Malawi is a signatory to the UN Millennium Development Goals, it is important that the plight of women is revisited and find lasting solutions to the challenges that they experience. Women are still lagging behind in education for example. There is need to improve girls and women access to education. The health of women has been affected by HIV and AIDS. The Government of Malawi also needs to review the policies that are in place which address women’s health. Essentially the status of women is need of a major change in order for the country to achieve some level of development which is at par with other countries in the sub-Saharan African region. / Sociology / D. Phil. (Sociology)

Summaries in English, Afrikaans and Zulu / South Africa is facing an ongoing public health crisis with increasing and alarming human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) statistics. Farmworkers in South Africa are highly vulnerable and susceptible to HIV. This study involved the farmworker community on a farm in the North West province of South Africa. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and acceptance of home-based HIV counselling and testing (HBHCT) in a rural farming community, using an interactive World Café method to stimulate creative discussions around questions that matter. Thirty-one farmworkers participated in the World Café. This study had an explorative approach and qualitative design. The study did not investigate the number of HIV infections or sexual practices on the farm, and did not offer an HIV test or any other medical treatment to any participant. Data were collaboratively analysed by the researchers and the participants. Content analysis of data was conducted. The findings indicated that majority of the farmworkers had a positive perception of HBHCT, and that there was a serious need for HIV prevention and intervention in this community. Some concerns were raised among the participants regarding the confidentiality of HBHCT, attention should therefore be paid to these concerns. More research is needed to establish linkage to care after HBHCT. It remains unclear whether the migrant farmworker population would be effectively linked to HIV care and treatment without legal identification documentation. The acceptance of HBHCT in the farming community by farmers, should be explored. The study found that there would be a high level of acceptability if HBHCT were to be offered to farmworkers in this region. This study created insight into the HIV care and prevention needs of the local farmworker community, as well as highlighted the barriers the farmworkers face in attending primary healthcare (PHCs) clinics for HIV testing. / Suid-Afrika staar ’n voortdurende openbare gesondheidskrisis in die gesig met toenemende en onrusbarende menslike immuungebrekkige virus (MIV)-statistieke. Plaaswerkers in Suid-Afrika is uiters kwesbaar en vatbaar vir MIV. Hierdie studie het die plaaswerkergemeenskap van ’n plaas in die Noordwes-provinsie van Suid-Afrika geteiken. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die sieninge en aanvaardingsvlakke van tuis-gebaseerde MIV-berading en -toetsing (TSMBT) te ondersoek, deur gebruik te maak van die “World Café”-metode om kreatiewe bespreking rondom belangrike vrae te stimuleer. Een-en-dertig plaaswerkers het deelgeneem aan die “World Café”. Hierdie studie het nie die aantal MIV-infeksies of seksuele praktyke op die plaas ondersoek nie, en ook nie ’n MIV toets of enige ander mediese behandeling vir enige deelnemer aangebied nie. Die studie het gevind dat die meerderheid van die plaaswerkers ’n positiewe persepsie van TSMBT gehad het, en dat daar ’n dringende behoefte aan MIV-voorkoming en - ingryping in hierdie gemeenskap is. Bekommernis is uitgespreek deur die deelnemers rakende die konfidensialiteit van TSMBT, dus moet aandag hieraan geskenk word. Die studie het gevind dat daar ’n hoë vlak van aanvaarding van TSMBT sal wees as dit aan die plaaswerkers in hierdie streek gebied word. Hierdie studie skep insig in die MIVsorg- en -voorkomingsbehoeftes van die plaaslike plaaswerkergemeenskap, en beklemtoon die hindernisse vir plaaswerkers om die primêre gesondheidsorgkliniek te besoek vir MIV-toetsing. / INingizimu-Afrika ibhekene nokuqhubeka kokukhula kwenkinga yezempilo, kanye nokudlondlobala okushaqisayo kwezibalo zegciwane lesandulela ngculazi (HIV). Abasebenzi basemapulazini eNingizimu-Afrika ibona abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Lolucwaningo lwenziwe emphakathini wabasebenzi basemapulazini esifundazweni sase-North West eNingizimu-Afrika. Inhloso yalolucwaningo bekuwukubona imibono kanye nezinga lokwamukela ukululekwa nokuhlolela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi emakhaya(i-HBHCT) emphakathini wasemapulazini kusetshenziswa Isizinda sokucobelelana ngolwazi (i- World Cafe) ukukhuthaza izingxoxo ezakhayo nokubuza imibuzo esemqoka. Bangama- 31 abasebenzi basepulazini ababambe iqhaza esizindeni sokucobelelana ulwazi (i- World Cafe). Lolucwaningo aluzange luphenye izibalo zabantu abatheleleke ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi kanye nezinga labo lokuzibandakanya ocansini, futhi aluzange lunike abebebambe iqhaza ithuba lokuhlolela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi(HIV) kanye nokulashwa kwanoma iluphi uhlobo. Imiphumela iveze ukuthi iningi labasebenzi basemapulazini babe nemibono emihle mayelana nosizo lokululekwa nokuhlolela igciwane lesandulela nngculazi (HIV) emakhaya (HBHTC), futhi kunesidingo esikhulu sokuthi kungenelelwe kulomphakathi ukuze kuvikelwe igciwane lesandulela ngculazi (HIV). Kube nokukhathazeka kwababebambe iqhaza mayelana nezimfihlo zokulekelelwa ngokwelulekwa kanye nokuhlolela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi emakhaya(HBHCT),ngalokhoke kufanele kubhekelelwe lokho kukhathazeka. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi kuzokwamukelwa ukuqala usizo lokwalulekwa nokuhlolela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi (HBHCT) kubasebenzi basemapulazini kulesisifundazwe. Lolucwaningo luveze ngokujulile izidingo zokunakekela kanye nokuvikela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi (HIV) emphakathini wabasebenzi basemapulazini kulendawo, laphinde lwaveza nezithiyo (Barriers) abasebenzi basemapulazini abahlangana nazo mabevakasha emitholampilo (PHCs) ukuyohlola igciwane lesandulela ngculazi. / Health Studies / M.P.H. (Public Health)

Text in English / With the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), first recognised in 1981 as a new disease that subsequently took on pandemic proportions, home-based caregivers became instrumental to ensure that, notwithstanding the encumbered health care systems, people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) receive care, support and treatment within their households to live prolonged dignified lives. Despite their pivotal role in the field of HIV and AIDS care, there seems to be a dearth of literature, and research locally and internationally, from the ambit of Social Work on the topic of how HBCGs manage and cope with the work-related challenges they experience when caring for PLWHA and their need for Social Work support. Through this exploratory, descriptive, contextual and phenomenological qualitative study, I scrutinised the HBCGs’ experiences and associated challenges and the coping strategies they employ to address these challenges as well as their views on how social workers could support them in overcoming these challenges in the specific case on home-based care to PLWHA. Twenty-five HBCGs were identified and recruited through purposive and snowball sampling techniques from twelve home-based care organisations in South African provinces, namely, North West, Limpopo and Gauteng. Data was collected through individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews using an interview-guide. Data analysis was conducted through Tesch’s eight steps (in Creswell 2014:189) while Guba’s model (in Shenton, 2004) was adopted for data verification. Cast against Loretta Williams’ (2014) middle range theory of caregiving dynamics (Williams 2014), the coping theory of Lazarus and Folkman (1984) and the strength-based perspective (Saleebey, 2013) adopted as theoretical frameworks for this study, the following findings were revealed. The HBCGs were motivated by, among other factors, their mere desire to care for PLWHA; their personal experiences of caring for an ill relative; and future career aspirations to become involved in this care work. HBCGs were found to face various work-related challenges in connection with reactions from community members, the patients and their relatives; their unsafe working conditions; as well as from their colleagues, other role players and their own organisations. It was found that for most of the HBCGs their care work saddened, pained and discouraged them. In the midst of feeling sorry for their patients, they feared getting infected themselves, in addition to their work-related challenges that caused them to experience feelings of failure. The strategies adopted to cope with their work-related challenges included getting support from employers, receiving counselling and becoming involved in support groups. Finally, several suggestions were directed to the management structures of HBC organisations, the HBCGs themselves and social workers on how they could address the work-related challenges. Based on the research findings, some recommendations are forwarded concerning guidelines for Social Work support directed at work practice, policies and programmes; associated education and training endeavours; and continuous professional development initiatives, as well as avenues for further research. / Social Work / D. Phil. (Social Work)

The focused of this study is the role of capacity building in Community Home Based Care (CHBC) for HIV/AIDS patients. The study forms part of my Master's in Development Administration programme, undertaken through UNISA. The dissertation was accomplished by studying the TASO community initiative in Sseeta-Nazigo, Mukono District, Uganda. It explores the concept of capacity building and its applicability to CHBC. The primacy data was gathered by conducting Key Infonnant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The secondary data was gathered by reviewing literature to augment the primary data. In addition, data was gathered through observations within the community. The fmdings have identified seven critical components of capacity building: community mobilisation, skills development, Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT), networking and collaboration, support and supervision, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). The study observed that capacity built in the above areas resulted in three outcomes: skills development, improvement in procedures, and institutional development. Informed recommendations were subsequently made related to the seven componentsof capacity building in CHBC / Development Studies / M. A. (Development Studies)