As novas dinâmicas de interação possiblitadas pela Web 2.0 reformulam a aprendizagem como atividade que se estende a diversas áreas ligadas ao saber. Aprender à luz das novas tecnologias exige estratégias que se adequem às possibilidades de interação com a informação, conforme particularidades das mídias em que elas se fazem disponíveis, as particularidades de aprendizagem de cada indivíduo e o contexto que determina necessidades de acesso. Educadores, designers instrucionais / educacionais e estrategistas de conteúdo revisam, invariavelmente, processos para melhor compreender os mecanismos pelos quais informação é transformada em conhecimento. Esses estão aptos a interpretar os métodos pelos quais indivíduos processam informação e apropriam conteúdos de origens variadas em uma prática que podemos chamar aprendizagem ou meaning making. Nesse contexto, surge o conceito de narrativas transmidiáticas, capaz de abarcar as práticas de aprendizagem que, multifacetadas, são possibilitadas pelos recursos midiáticos que compõem nosso cotidiano. A construção de significado se dá na medida em que construímos narrativas, linhas mestras coerentes que nos permitem interagir de forma eficiente com os diferentes conteúdos aos quais temos acessos. Esse trabalho investigou o conceito de narrativa e o impacto da utilização de mídias na forma de interagir com os outros e, também, com o conhecimento; a aprendizagem no contexto das narrativas transmidiáticas; dois exemplos concretos e distintos em que aprende-se através de narrativas construídas a partir do uso combinado de mídias. Por fim, buscou-se apontar novos caminhos a serem explorados por pesquisadores interessados na forma como aprendizagem e comunicação se dão em um contexto caracterizado pelas mídias digitais. / The new dynamics empowered by web 2.0 reframes learning as an activity that permeates different areas of knowledge. In the light of new technologies, the goal of reaching a certain knowledge demands adequate strategies. These must be appropriate to the various possibilities of interaction with information, according to media\'s affordances, individual\'s learning particularities and the context that determined individual necessities of access. Educators, educational / instructional designers and content strategists invariably revise procedures to better understand the mechanics through which information is turned into knowledge. These professionals are able to understand the methods through which individuals process information and appropriate content from different resources in a practice that we can call learning or meaning making. In this context, appears the term transmedia narratives: a concept that encompasses plural learning practices enabled by media resources that compose our reality. Meaning making happens as we build narratives, coherent guidelines that empower ourselves to interact efficiently with the different types of content we have access to. This study investigated the concept of narrative and the impact of media in our ways to interact with others and with knowledge; learning in the context of transmedia narratives; two concrete and distinct examples in which one learn through narratives built with the use of various combined media. Finally, this study aimed to indicate new research pathways to be explored by researchers interested in the way learning and communication happen in a context determined by the digital media.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-11-30T11:46:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelson Luis Eufrasio Junior_.pdf: 4277163 bytes, checksum: 04f2920b5d9e5a25db99a5307425ff4e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-30T11:46:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelson Luis Eufrasio Junior_.pdf: 4277163 bytes, checksum: 04f2920b5d9e5a25db99a5307425ff4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-30 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo teórico-prático sobre situações que envolvem o processo de criação de materiais educacionais digitais no SENACRS, mais especificamente, desenvolvidos no contexto da equipe de Tecnologias Educacionais. A pesquisa parte da seguinte problemática: como o design thinking pode contribuir para ressignificar os processos de trabalho no contexto da construção de materiais educacionais para a educação online do SENACRS? O objetivo consiste em compreender o DT, bem como investigar sua contribuição, enquanto proposta de inspiração e inovação para ressignificar os processos de trabalho no contexto da construção de materiais educacionais para educação online do SENACRS. Com base neste conceito, bem como o apoio teórico encontrado em diferentes autores, tais como Brown (2011), Pinheiro & Alt (2011), Eboli (2010), Perrenoud (2000), entre outros, explicita-se o processo de criação utilizados pelos profissionais sob a ótica do design. No âmbito metodológico, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza aplicada, alicerçada em um estudo de caso coletivo. Como instrumentos e materiais para a produção dos dados, utilizou-se: entrevista semi-estruturada, registros em áudio, fotográfico, observação participante, dinâmicas de grupo. Esses dados foram analisados utilizando-se a Análise Textual Discursiva (GALIAZZI; MORAES, 2011), tendo como subsídio para a interpretação o referencial teórico construído. Os principais resultados da pesquisa apontam que o fato da dissertação ter sido desenvolvida em contexto natural do trabalho realizado pela equipe de Tecnologias Educacionais do SENACRS possibilitou o desenvolvimento de uma cultura de inovação, em que os colaboradores sentem-se inspirados em desenvolver-se profissionalmente em busca de um constante aperfeiçoamento de suas atividades na Instituição. Ao utilizar o Design Thinking como alternativa aos processos outrora existentes na equipe, constatou-se uma melhoria nas relações humanas dos profissionais envolvidos, melhoria na criação dos materiais educacionais digitais, no emprego de metodologias alternativas nos processos de criação, na utilização de pesquisas para subsídio de novos materiais didáticos contemplando elementos de inovação, dando origem ainda a produções científicas oriundas desta pesquisa. / This dissertation presents a theoretical and practical study of situations involving the process of creating digital learning materials in SENACRS, more specifically developed in the context of the team of Educational Technology. The research part of the following problem: how design thinking can help to reframe the work processes in the context of construction of educational materials for e-learning SENACRS? The objective is understand the DT and investigate its contribution, as a proposal for inspiration and innovation to reframe the work processes in the context of the construction of educational materials for e-learning SENACRS. Based on this concept and the theoretical support found in different authors, such as Brown (2011), Pinheiro & Alt (2011), Eboli (2010), Perrenoud (2000), among others, is the explicit creation process used by professionals from the perspective of design. At the methodological level, it’s a qualitative research of an applied nature, based on a collective case study. As instruments and materials for the production of data, we used: semi-structured interviews, audio recordings, photographic, participant observation, group dynamics. These data were analyzed using the Discursive Textual Analysis (GALIAZZI; MORAES, 2011), and as an aid in interpreting the theoretical framework built. The main results of this research indicated that the fact of the dissertation have been developed in the natural context of the work done by the team of Educational Technologies SENACRS enabled the development of a culture of innovation, where employees feel inspired to develop professionally in search for continuous improvement of its activities in the institution. Using Design Thinking as an alternative to existing processes once the team, there was an improvement in human relations professionals involved, improvement in the creation of digital educational materials, employment of alternative methodologies in creation processes, the use of research for grant new teaching materials covering elements of innovation, giving rise still scientific production resulting from this research.

A Geometria Descritiva é uma disciplina abstrata e complexa por sua origem lógica e visual. É de fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento da imaginação e criatividade espacial, assim como para qualquer estudo que envolva projeto. Os aprendizes apresentam dificuldades ao iniciar o estudo da disciplina, principalmente no entendimento do processo de representação por vistas ortogonais. Devido às características da disciplina, a mesma demanda material didático especializado. A tecnologia atual permite produzir e entregar materiais instrucionais em diversos formatos, inclusive através de simulações de ambientes tridimensionais em tempo real. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar um protótipo de ferramenta interativa de ensino, na forma de recurso didático tecnológico, para auxílio no entendimento do processo de representação por vistas ortogonais. O processo de desenvolvimento foi realizado a partir da metodologia ADDIE do design instrucional em conformidade com os princípios de usabilidade do design de interação. O recurso foi implementado a partir da metodologia ágil Scrum da engenharia de software. Como resultado, aponta-se que a utilização do recurso desenvolvido poderia contribuir no entendimento da disciplina de Geometria Descritiva, possibilitando a concretização dos processos da disciplina. / The Descriptive Geometry is an abstract and complex discipline due to its logical and visual source. It is essential for the development of spatial imagination and creativity as well as any study involving project and design. The learners find it difficult to begin the study of the discipline, especially in understanding the process of representation by orthographic views. Because of these discipline characteristics, it needs specialized courseware. The current technology allows to produce and deliver instructional materials in several formats, including real time three-dimensional environment simulation. In this context, the objective of the current research is to develop and to evaluate a prototype of interactive learning tool, shaped in a technological teaching resource for assistance in understanding the representation process by orthogonal views. The development process was done through the ADDIE methodology from instructional design following the usability principles of interaction design. The resource was implemented using Scrum agile methodology of software engineering. The result points out that the usage of the developed resource could contribute to the understanding of Descriptive Geometry discipline, enabling the concretization of discipline’s process.

O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta para a criação de um ambiente web colaborativo responsável pela troca das melhores práticas de planejamento de aulas utilizadas pelos especialistas e educadores, agrupados pelo que chamaremos de artefatos pedagógicos ou padrões pedagógicos, considerados a menor unidade divisível de uma aula. O planejamento será pautado pelo conceitual de design instrucional, que proporciona o encadeamento de forma simplificada e em ordem cronológica de todos os conteúdos previstos a execução de um curso ou de uma disciplina. Com a utilização da ferramenta em ambiente compartilhado (web), será mostrado que o efetivo planejamento de um simples objetivo de aprendizagem ou até mesmo a de um conteúdo mais amplo, por intermédio da apresentação linear e cronológica de todos os artefatos pedagógicos, levará à uma visão geral e completa da composição dos assuntos abordados. Neste momento, será possível visualizar por intermédio de relatórios, dentre as funcionalidades da própria ferramenta, o formato de matriz de design instrucional, um dos produtos essenciais da fase de planejamento de um curso. Para a criação dos artefatos pedagógicos de forma compartilhada será utilizado um protótipo de interface gráfica conduzido por conceitos de arquitetura de informação e usabilidade. Com o objetivo de transformar o protótipo em uma ferramenta, na fase de implementação será utilizada a estrutura de um sistema de gerenciamento de conteúdo, capaz de simplificar esta etapa extremamente complexa. A aplicação por meio do estudo de caso será feita através de uma disciplina do curso de pós-graduação, com foco nas tecnologias de ensino de engenharia, ilustrando a contribuição do presente trabalho e dando condições de um real e efetivo resultado da metodologia utilizada. A sua efetiva consolidação será obtida pelo estabelecimento de uma avaliação de reação aplicada entre o grupo de alunos do referido estudo de caso. / This paper presents , in relation to new forms of teaching and learning , a proposal for the creation of a collaborative web environment responsible for the exchange of best practice techniques for classroom used by educators and experts , grouped by which we will pedagogical patterns or pedagogical artifacts , and grounded in the concepts of \" instructional design \" , which can be considered as a structure that provides to the heterogeneous audience, since experts in education and technology and students interested in a particular subject to plan a simplified form and measurable their respective courses , modules , and related disciplines . With the use of the tool in a shared environment will be shown that the effective planning of a single learning object or even a broader content, through linear and chronological presentation of all educational artifacts will lead to an overview and complete the composition of the subjects covered, coming to provide in one aspect of the tool itself, the format of an instructional design matrix, one of the key products of the planning phase of a course. For the creation of educational artifacts in a shared way, will be used a graphical interface prototype concepts outlined by information architecture and usability, and its last one implementation in a development framework designed for what we call content management system. The application, by case study, will be taken through a course in the graduate with a focus on teaching engineering technologies, illustrating the contribution of this work and giving conditions for a real and effective result of the methodology used, consolidated by the establishment of a reaction evaluation performed between the group of students of that case study.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:23:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Cesar dos Santos.pdf: 7657229 bytes, checksum: 2789e5a7baf7005913b0595cfff5666d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nowadays, the computer science academic field is facing several challenges due to its importance and its insertion in different science fields and also, due to the rapid breakthrough of digital technologies in information and communication. There is a growing demand for places to study and graduate in computer science. Therefore a great effort is needed to improve the quality of educational process adopted by the academic institutions. The aim of this research is to analyze the planning procedures employed by the computer science course of a public school and to propose a new way of teaching, which will certainly reach better results in the teaching and learning process. In order to achieve this, we brought up a conceptual framework (CF) to support the didactic planning process of all the subjects related to the computer science course. In this research it was applied a qualitative approach, enforced nature, in an exploratory purpose. The procedures adopted were based in an experimental research. Fifteen teachers and fifty one students, from that public school, participated in the study. As a result the findings showed the behaving profile of the students, their capacity of learning and their multiple intelligence skills. There is also an analysis of the present scenario taking into consideration the different ways of planning and conducting classes. Based on data from that research it was pointed out the need of improvements in the last two aspects. However, it was prepared the framework of the CF proposed and it was given an example of its use and, finally, experiments using it were carried out by the professors. As positive results came out, the possibility of including the CF as part of class plan in that public school is real / Atualmente, na área acadêmica em computação, enfrentam-se vários desafios, dada sua importância, sua inserção nas demais áreas de conhecimento e os avanços das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação. É crescente a demanda por novas vagas nas graduações em ciência da computação. Por isso, faz-se necessário investir esforços para obtenção de melhorias na qualidade dos processos de ensino, adotados nas instituições acadêmicas. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o processo de planejamento de ensino no curso de computação de uma instituição pública e propor novas práticas que ofereçam possíveis melhorias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para tal, propôs-se um Framework Conceitual (FC), para apoiar o processo de planejamento de ensino em disciplinas do referido curso. Para a pesquisa foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, de natureza aplicada, com objetivo exploratório. Os procedimentos adotados foram de uma pesquisa experimental. Participaram quinze professores e cinquenta e um alunos da referida instituição. Como resultados apresentam-se: os perfis de temperamentos, os estilos de aprendizagem, as inteligências múltiplas dos alunos e ainda uma análise do cenário atual das formas de planejamento e regência das aulas. A partir dos dados obtidos na pesquisa, foram apontadas necessidades de melhorias nesses dois últimos aspectos. Contudo, elaborou-se a estrutura do FC proposto, demonstrou-se um exemplo de aplicação e, finalmente, foram realizados experimentos com sua aplicação pelos professores. As conclusões apontam para resultados positivos e possibilidades de uso do FC no processo de planejamento de ensino da instituição pesquisada

A component-oriented tool for hierarchical modeling of instructional designs is developed. The motivation is to show that hierarchical representation of instructional designs is easier, better and more effective for modeling. Additionally a modeling language is developed to provide an effective, flexible and easy to use integration model in which all teaching components are discovered, defined and connected. In order to fulfill the above purposes an abstract notation is developed that is sufficiently general and adapting top-down hierarchic approach to represent Units of Learning (UoL), Operational Knowledge Units (OKU), Learning Objects (LO), and Learning Components (LC) with respect to the common structures found in different instructional models. COSEML, a top-down hierarchic, and component oriented modeling language has been used as a reference and the core concept in developing the Educational Component Oriented Modeling Language (ECOML). The high-level architecture of ECOML provides the means for designing instructional structures. It describes how LOs, UoLs, OKUs and LCs are sequenced in a certain context or knowledge domain. The resulting model can be reused in different contexts and across different educational platforms.

In dieser Studie wurde eine auf eigenständiges Schreiben beruhende Lernmethode im Rahmen einer quasiexperimentellen Studie im Themengebiet Akustik im 11. Jahrgang des Gymnasiums eingesetzt. Aus den vorliegenden lernpsychologischen Grundlagen und didaktischen Erkenntnissen wird eine auf selbstständiges Schreiben beruhende Lernmethode und ein Modell für die Textproduktion für den Einsatz im Physikunterricht entwickelt. Die Intervention, die in der sieben Schulstunden umfassenden Lerneinheit durchgeführt wurde, bestand aus einer vorhergehenden kurzen Einführung in das Schreiben von Texten zu physikalischen Fragestellungen und dem anschließenden Einsatz von speziellen Schreibaufgaben, die in dem herkömmlichen Physikunterricht eingebettet wurden. Der Unterricht zur Akustik in der Interventions- und einer Vergleichsgruppe hatte den selben zeitlichen Umfang und war überwiegend identisch, da die gleiche Grobplanung des Unterrichts und die gleichen Lernziele vorlagen. An der Studie nahmen vier Kurse, zwei davon in der Interventionsgruppe und zwei in der Vergleichsgruppe, teil. Insgesamt konnten 47 Schülerinnen und Schüler in der statistischen Auswertung berücksichtigt werden. Unter Verwendung von Vortests, direkten und verzögerten Nachtests, und dem Vergleich der Interventions- mit der Vergleichsgruppe, wurde der Lernerfolg durch das eigenständige Schreiben untersucht. Als Kontrollvariable wurde der vorhandene allgemeine Wortschatz erhoben. Am Ende der Studie wurde außerdem mit Hilfe eines Fragebogens in der Interventionsgruppe die Einstellung zu der Schreib-Lernmethode erhoben. Die Studie zeigt, dass der Einsatz der Schreib-Lernmethode im Physikunterricht auch in einem nur begrenzten Zeitraum nach einer kurzen Einführung (eine Schulstunde) in die Thematik des Erstellens von Texten mit physikalischen Inhalten möglich ist. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass die Schülerinnen und Schüler durch das in den traditionellen Unterricht eingebettete selbstständige Schreiben von Texten zu physikalischen Fragestellungen Faktenwissen und Fähigkeiten zum Auslesen und Interpretieren von Diagrammen ebenso wie bei rein traditionellen Lernmethoden erwerben und festigen. Somit bereichert das selbstständige Produzieren von Physik-Texten die Methodenvielfalt des Physikunterrichts. Zusätzlich zu dem physikalischen Fachwissen lernen die Schülerinnen und Schüler durch die Schreib-Lernmethode physikalische Sachverhalte zu versprachlichen und in Kontexte einzubinden. Der statistisch signifikante Effekt bei dieser Fähigkeit ist im mittleren Bereich. Es zeigt sich eine deutliche Abhängigkeit der Fähigkeit, physikalische Sachverhalte zu versprachlichen, vom vorhandenen physikalischen Fachwissen. Zum allgemeinen Wortschatz besteht ein geringer Zusammenhang. Da kein Zusammenhang zwischen der Fähigkeit, die Fachsprache korrekt zu verwenden und der Fähigkeit zum eigenständigen Versprachlichen von physikalischen Sachverhalten festgestellt werden konnte, scheinen sich diese beiden Arten der Versprachlichung hinsichtlich der involvierten Kompetenzen zu unterscheiden. Das vorgestellte Modell für die Textproduktion wurde insgesamt von den Schülerinnen und Schülern, und besonders von denen mit einer geringen Selbsteinschätzung ihrer Fähigkeiten zum Schreiben von Physik-Texten, als hilfreich eingestuft und kann daher für den Einsatz im Physikunterricht empfohlen werden.

This is a report on research regarding the screen layout of Web-based training (WBT) programs, conducted with an eye toward providing evidence-based guidance for the design and development of WBT interfaces. Specifically, the study investigated the relative instructional benefits of two general types of WBT screen design, full-page and partial-page, in terms of both learner performance and learner satisfaction. The main hypotheses of the study were that the full-page design option would yield significantly better outcomes in both categories of interest.The study employed a mixed-method design, generating both quantitative and qualitative data. The main phase of the study was experimental, following a factorial design to explore the relationships between a single treatment variable (WBT screen design) in two treatment conditions (partial-page WBT design and full-page WBT design) and two dependent variables (learner performance and learner satisfaction). Both a full-page and a partial-page version of the same Web-based tutorial were created, and 129 self-selected undergraduate students who reported having little or no experience with the tutorial subject matter were randomly assigned into the two treatment groups. Performance data were collected as scores on the tutorial's 18-item, multiple choice final exam, and satisfaction data were collected via a 10-item satisfaction survey. In addition, 59 of the study participants were randomly selected to participate in post-study session interviews.The results of the study yielded no significant difference between the two treatment groups for either learner performance or learner satisfaction; thus, making it impossible to reject the null hypothesis for either of the two primary research questions. The conclusion of this study was that the presence or absence of scrolling alone is not a significant factor either in how well a person performs in a WBT program or how satisfied they are with the learning experience . However, while analysis of the post-study session interview data supported this conclusion, the fact that a large majority of the interviewees stated a preference for the full-page, non-scrolling WBT interface design suggests that some elements inherent in the full-page design might warrant further consideration and/or study.

Online courses of distance learning programmes at universities are designed considering the characteristics and needs of their adult learners. Basically, there are two types of learners in an online course: individual learners and collaborative learners. Designing for learner satisfaction and learning effectiveness for both types of learners is challenging. In fact, previous research has noted that many online courses fail due to poor design. As a solution, researchers have identified instructional design principles that can guide the design of successful online courses. However, these principles lack detailed information to apply them in contexts different from where they had been identified. This consideration raises a question: how does one adapt the existing design principles to design online courses that promote both individual and collaborative learning, particularly in contexts where online courses are supposed to be conducted with minimal teacher support? In the present research, this question is addressed via two sub-research questions: (1) which course components and their design features can promote learners’ satisfaction, perceived learning, and learning effectiveness, and (2) which course components and their design features can stimulate inquiry-based learning and peer-teaching? The research was carried out in the field of educational design research with sets of students and instructional designers of a virtual learning environment prepared for a university-level degree programme in Sri Lanka. Referring to the findings of this research, the thesis discusses how to design online courses that promote both individual and collaborative learning. Further, based on the findings, the thesis presents a set of design principles and guidelines to promote both individual and collaborative learning in online courses that are on information technology related subjects and prepared for distance learning programmes. / SIDA Funded National e-Learning Centre Project at the University of Colombo School of Computing, Sri Lanka

Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.