Studiens syfte var att öka kunskapen om hur pedagoger anser sig tillämpa begreppen demokrati och reellt inflytande i sitt vardagliga arbete med förskolebarn. Olika teoretiska vindar har under historiens gång format utbildningssystemens demokratiuppdrag. För pedagogen har detta inneburit att hen fått ta olika plats i den så kallade demokratiska fostran. Tre forskningsfrågor styrde valet av metod, vilken är en kvalitativ ansats där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts. Fyra pedagoger verksamma inom förskolan deltog i studien och frågorna som valdes för att svara på syftet var: Hur beskriver pedagogerna att de synliggör demokrati för barnen i det vardagliga arbetet? Hur beskriver pedagogerna att de arbetar för att möjliggöra så det enskilda barnet får reellt inflytande i verksamheten? Hur beskriver pedagogerna begreppen reellt inflytande och demokratiska värderingar? Utifrån tidigare forskning framkom en teori om att det är tre faktorer som påverkar demokratiarbetet i förskolan. Faktorerna är pedagogen, organisatoriska förhållanden samt pedagogens analys och reflektionsarbete. De tre faktorerna användes för att analysera den data som framkommit i intervjuerna. Resultatet visar att mycket demokratiarbete sker i vardagen både med och för barnen, men är då ofta oreflekterat och oftast inte så uppenbart för pedagogerna. / The aim of this research was to study the effect of the democratic mission for preschool teachers in their daily work. Previous results indicates that there are three main factors affecting the democratic mission in preschool. First of all, the teacher, and secondly the conditions of the organization - the school. Last, but not least, the ability for preschool teachers to analyze and reflect towards their own considerations. I have gathered data through semi-structured interviews. All of the information providers are working as preschool teachers of today. The main goal of this study was to acquire new knowledge about how educators of today consider themselves applying democracy in preschool and how they consider the ability of preschool children applying real influence. I applied three main factors I found in previous research, to analyze the data. It seems that the democracy mission mainly affects the preschool teachers in their daily thoughts and actions without really being crystalized which means it affects their daily work with children and how they react and respond to children’s actions.

Purpose and research questions The purpose of this thesis is to investigate influencing factors on the choice of tailoring of ERP systems during implementation. The research questions to answer are what types of adjustments can be made to the system to make it fit with the organisation, together with what factors influence the choice of these adjustments and how? Research methodology To fulfil the purpose and answer the research questions the study has been carried out in line with the hermeneutic circle. This has been done in three sequences. A pre-understanding of the phenomenon has been obtained by a literature study in the first sequence. In the second sequence interviews with IFS AB and Systeam AB have been carried out, analysed together with the pre-understanding and a model has been created. During the last sequence Sogeti Sverige AB has been interviewed to verify the model. Research findings The different ways of tailoring an ERP system are configuration, bolt-ons, extended report-ing, screen masks, workflow programming, user exits, ERP programming, interface development, new software package and package code modification. Tailoring types 1-8 and 10 were found in the literature while new software package was found in the empirical study. The factors influencing the choice of tailoring are coming from three domains: the customer, the consultant and the system. The factors from the customer are attitude towards customisation, costs, knowledge, process design, time and user needs. Attitude towards customisation, customisation possibility and knowledge are coming from the consultant domain. Complexity, external software, functionality and maintenance are finally coming from the system domain. All factors were derived from the literature except knowledge in the customer domain, which was found during the empirical study. Some factors influence the choice of specific tailoring types, while others influence the choice between light and heavy tailoring types. There are also factors that do not directly influence the choice of tailoring. Instead they act as prerequisites for the tailoring types. This leads to the conclusion that the influencing factors can not be seen in isolation; it is the combined influence from all of them that decides the choice of tailoring types. / Syfte och forskningsfrågor Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka influerande faktorer på valet av anpassning av ERP-system under implementering. Forskningsfrågorna att besvara är vilken typ av anpassningar som kan göras av systemet för att det ska passa med organisationen, tillsam-mans med vilka faktorer som influerar valet av dessa anpassningar och hur? Metod För att uppfylla syftet och besvara forskningsfrågorna har studien utförts i linje med den hermeneutiska cirkeln. Detta har gjorts i tre sekvenser. En förförståelse har erhållits genom en litteraturstudie i den första sekvensen. I den andra sekvensen har intervjuer med IFS AB och Systeam AB genomförts, analyserats tillsammans med förförståelsen och en modell har skapats. Under den sista sekvensen har Sogeti Sverige AB intervjuats för att verifiera modellen. Forskningsresultat De olika sätten att anpassa ett ERP-system är configuration, bolt-ons, extended reporting, screen masks, workflow programming, user exits, ERP programming, interface develop-ment, new software package och package code modification. Anpassningstyperna 1-8 och 10 påträffades i litteraturen medan new software package hittades i den empiriska studien. Faktorerna som influerar valet av anpassning kommer från tre domäner: kunden, konsulten och systemet. Faktorerna från kunden är attitude towards customisation, costs, knowledge, process design, time och user needs. Attitude towards customisation, customisation possi-bility och knowledge kommer från konsultdomänen. Complexity, external software, functionality och maintenance kommer slutligen från systemdomänen. Alla faktorer är härledda från litteraturen, förutom knowledge från kunskapsdomänen kund som påträffades under empiristudien. Några faktorer influerar valet av specifika anpassningstyper, medan andra influerar valet mellan lätta och tunga anpassningstyper. Det finns också faktorer som inte direkt influerar valet av anpassning. De är istället förutsättningar för anpassningstyperna. Detta leder till slutsatsen att anpassningstyperna inte kan ses isolerade; det är den kombinerade influensen från alla faktorer som bestämmer vilka anpassningstyper som kommer att väljas.

As technology development is advancing almost exponentially, it has since touched almost every aspect in our lives, from work to recreation. Therefore, in view of the extent to which technology is integrated in modern socio-economic settings, this study undertook to investigate South African schools readiness to integrate ICT. The following research questions were investigated: What is the relationship between the importance of ICT use for 21st Century Skill Development and obstructions hindering ICT goals in the light of currently available Infrastructure in South African schools? What is the relationship between the importance of ICT use for 21st Century Skill Development and obstructions hindering ICT goals in the light of currently available Human Resources in South African schools? A Spearman’s rho correlation was calculated, using SITES 2006 data obtained from the Principal Questionnaire (Brese & Carstens, 2009). It was found that all of the influencing factors, pertaining to both Infrastructure and Human Resources, showed a weak, to very weak negative correlation with the ICT goals under question. This means that, though the relationship is not strong, the influencing factors are hindering schools from reaching ICT goals for 21st Century Skills Development. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / unrestricted

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The purpose of this study is to examine and clarify what impulse purchases look like online. The method chosen was of a quantitative nature in the form of a digital survey and was used to try to answer the research question "What are the influencing factors when impulse buying online, and what are the influencing factors when impulse buying clothes online?". The digital surveys were shared on Facebook and Instagram and the data collected consisted of 177 responses.  Hawkins Stern's Impulse Buying Theory, Impulse Buying Tendencies (IBT) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) were the theories used in this study and they were chosen based on its relevance and contribution to understanding impulse buying and possible influencing factors when impulse buying. Additional support for the study’s results, analysis and conclusions consisted of scientifically reviewed articles about the research area being studied. The results of this study show no possible influencing factors when impulse buying online or when impulse buying clothes online. / Undersökningens syfte är att studera hur impulsköp ser ut online. Metoden som valdes var av kvantitativ karaktär i form av en digital enkätundersökning och användes för att försöka besvara forskningsfrågan “Vilka är påverkansfaktorerna vid impulsköp online, och vilka är påverkansfaktorerna vid impulsköp av kläder online?”. Enkäterna skickades ut via Facebook och Instagram och insamlad data bestod av 177 respondentsvar.   Hawkins Sterns Impulse Buying Theory, Impulse Buying Tendencies (IBT) och Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) var de teorier som användes i undersökningen och valet av dessa baserades på dess relevans och bidrag till förståelse vad gäller impulsköp och möjliga  påverkansfaktorer vid impulsköp. Ytterligare stöd till undersökningens resultat, analys och slutsatser bestod av vetenskapligt granskade artiklar som behandlar forskningsområdet som studerats. Undersökningens resultat visar inga specifika möjliga påverkansfaktorer vid impulsköp online eller vid impulsköp av kläder online.

Denna studie syftar till att lyfta fram faktorer som påverkat och påverkar synen på läsläxan genom skolans framväxt. Läsläxa är ett fenomen som finns i de flesta skolor och klasser. Läsläxan har haft olika former och påverkats av skolans utveckling genom historien. Resultatet visar att idag handlar styrningen av skolan om att skapa en befolkning som kan visa sig konkurrenskraftig på världsmarknaden, inom många olika områden. PISAresultatet är idag den faktor som påverkar den politiska styrningen av skolan mest. Skolan används även som ett slagträ mellan de politiska blocken vilket i sin tur påverkar skolutvecklingen och läsläxan. Resultatet visar även att läsläxan idag har bytt skepnad. Idag anses läsläxan av viss forskning endast vara till för att allt skolarbete ska bli gjort medan annan forskning anser att läsläxan är viktig för att befästa och upprätthålla övning i läsning. De största påverkansfaktorerna enligt forskningen är hur eleverna har det hemma samt om det finns närvarande och stöttande vårdnadshavare. För att göra läsläxan mest effektiv för varje elev ska den anpassas efter elevens läsnivå, hemmiljö och om eleven kan få stöttning hemma men det ska även finnas en tydlig koppling till undervisningen i skolan.

Though at the enterprises the estimation of a financial condition is annually, it is necessary to develop, to improve constantly and to evaluate the system of the internal control, necessary to develop a technique of the reporting quality estimation of the enterprise specially for the certain enterprise in view of all features, to take advantage of statistical data and to draw corresponding conclusions, to make constant monitoring. The purpose of development of the mechanism - detection of deviations of data in the reporting from actual results of activity, definition of clauses causing distortion of a real financial condition of the enterprise, revealing of size of influence of the given distortions and qualities of the reporting as a whole on decision-making, and also revealing of the reasons causing these deviations and distortions, and development of recommendations on corresponding correction separate directions for improvement of quality of the reporting. How can high reporting quality and internal control create an advantage? In survey of institutional investors is reported that investors apply a penalty if they believe a company’s internal control to be insufficient. Sixty-one percent of respondents said they had avoided investing in companies and 48% had de-invested in companies where internal control was considered inadequate. As additional support, they study went on to report that 82% of respondents agreed that good internal control was worth a premium on share price. These institutional investors are pushing for greater transparency on risk issues and related internal control efforts. Simply put, an organization’s ability to implement and maintain a leading-class control framework can create competitive advantage in today’s market. A system of the financial reporting conducting with strong management, quality control and good legislative base is the key factor of economic development. The trust of investors in the financial and not financial information is based on strong Internal Control, high-quality standards of the financial reporting, audit and ethics, thus, standards and Internal Control play the leading part in assistance of economic growth and financial stability in the country. Nevertheless, every company meets the problems of implementation of the internal control. Among them there can be problems in labor qualification, legislation and so on. It is also necessary to examine the successful experience at the micro level.

This research is aimed to discover and test the potential influencing factors on stock buybacks for Chinese listed companies. 11 new influencing factors hypotheses are developed based on several prevailing hypotheses, such as the information signaling hypothesis, the free cash flow hypothesis, the optimal leverage hypothesis and the takeover deterrence hypothesis. The research will test 11 factors that potentially influence listed companies to buy back stocks. The regression and independent variables will be adjusted. The testing sample is from all the companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange that had stock buyback transactions in 2019. Suggestions will be given according to the regression result regarding the potential influencing factors on stock buybacks for Chinese listed companies in 2019. Due to different influencing factors on stock buybacks, different operating methods may have different effects to achieve different goals. Therefore, the determinants of buyback methods in practice will be discussed. The advantages and disadvantages will be discussed from different perspectives, which can be very useful suggestions in stock buyback practice. / Business Administration/Finance

Soft skills include communication skills and personality traits that are important when choosing a dentist, but other factors within the dental office also seem to be important for patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors that are important to people in a dentist as well as characteristics of the ideal dentist and to evaluate possible age-, gender-, and residence of living specific differences. A telephone survey with participants aged 35 years or older (ag—age group: ag 1: 35–50 years, ag 2: 70–84 years, ag 3: >85 years) in three German cities was conducted. Data were analyzed with respect to gender and age. Most of the participants (n = 298, 64.2%), regardless of their own gender, age, or place of residence did not care about the gender of the dentist. In general, the price of the treatment does not play a role in choosing the ideal dentist. Women differ significantly from men in their choice of dentist (ANOVA p < 0.001 (preference of non-smoker), ANOVA p < 0.001 (preference, that the dentist does not smell of smoke, importance of appearance (ANOVA p < 0.001) and psycho-social skills, etc.). As age increases, professional experience and psycho-social competencies are rated as important. With the increase in age, the mean value of the desired years of professional experience increases without significant differences between age groups. The importance of advanced training (ANOVA p < 0.001; Bonferoni correction: significant difference between ag 1 and ag 2 p < 0.001, and ag 1 and ag 3 p < 0.001) decreases with age. Especially for participants aged 70 to 84 years, a relationship of trust is important. Between the places of residence, statistical differences for almost all surveyed items were found (e.g., importance that the dentist speaks the patients’ native language ANOVA p < 0.001, Bonferoni correction: significant difference between Berlin and Leipzig, Berlin and Mainz, and Leipzig and Mainz (each p < 0.001), dentist has a specialization ANOVA p < 0.001, Bonferoni correction: significant difference between Berlin and Leipzig and Berlin and Mainz (each p < 0.001), etc.). Dentists should be trained to develop psycho-social skills to meet the special demands of the increasing older population.

Det finns många faktorer som påverkar värdet för en bostadsrätt. Det kan vara allt ifrånvar den ligger och hur den ser ut, till fysiska egenskaper som balkong eller ett nyrenoveratkök. Det som definierar bostadsrätter är att de ägs av så kallade bostadsrättsföreningar. Engod ekonomi i föreningen resulterar i en bra boendekostnad för varje boende. Ombostadsrättsföreningen däremot besitter ekonomiska problem, kan det leda till negativakonsekvenser för den enskilde bostadsrättsinnehavaren. Med tanke på detta börbostadsrättsföreningens ekonomi påverka bostadsrättens värde. Studien syftar därför till attbidra med kunskap om bostadsrättsföreningens ekonomi som värdepåverkande faktor ochställa betydelsen av den mot övriga värdpåverkande faktorer för en bostadsrätt.Empiri har samlats in och analyserats med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer medfastighetsmäklare i Sverige. Resultatet visar att majoriteten av fastighetsmäklarna inte anseratt bostadsrättsföreningens ekonomi är en avgörande faktor för bostadsrättens värde.Resultatet visar också att kunskapen och intresset bland kunderna på marknaden är låg närdet kommer till bostadsrättsföreningens ekonomi. En slutsats utifrån studien är därmed attden svaga kunskapen på marknaden ligger till grund för att bostadsrättsföreningensekonomi inte anses som en avgörande värdepåverkande faktor. / There are a lot of factors affecting the value of a condominium. It can be everything fromwhere it is located and how it looks to physical assets as a balcony and a newly renovatedkitchen. The main idea and what defines the condominiums is the fact that they are ownedby housing cooperatives. Therefore, a good economy in the housing cooperative providesa favourable housing cost for the individual resident. On the other hand, economicalproblems in the housing cooperative can lead to negative implications on the economy ofthe individual resident. With this in mind, the economy of a housing cooperative shouldaffect the value of the single condominium.Therefore, the aim of this study is to contribute knowledge about the housing cooperativés economy as a value-influencing factor and compare the importance of it with otherfactors affecting the value of a condominium.The empiric of this study has been collected and analyzed through qualitative interviewswith brokers in Sweden. The interviews indicate that the majority of the brokers does notconsider the housing cooperative ́s economy as an important value-influencing factor. Theempiric also shows that there is a lack of knowledge and interest by the clients regardingthe economy of the housing cooperative. Therefore, a conclusion made in this study is thatthe reason why the housing cooperative ́s economy is not seen as a value-influencing factorby decisive nature is due to the lack of knowledge by the clients on the market.