Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-15T12:40:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fábio.pdf: 1376337 bytes, checksum: a6a3809cdaf25a1abd223286752b949d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T18:10:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Fábio.pdf: 1376337 bytes, checksum: a6a3809cdaf25a1abd223286752b949d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T18:10:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fábio.pdf: 1376337 bytes, checksum: a6a3809cdaf25a1abd223286752b949d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / A presente dissertação visa sistematizar o estudo da orientação jurisprudencial denominada pelos integrantes do Supremo Tribunal Federal de ofensa reflexa ou indireta à Constituição, analisando sua conformidade com o texto constitucional brasileiro de 05 de outubro de 1988. Partindo do problema fundamental da pesquisa consistente no questionamento se é compatível com a ordem constitucional vigente a partir de 1988 a aplicação da orientação jurisprudencial da ofensa reflexa à Constituição de 1988 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) nos casos de controle difuso realizado por meio do Recurso Extraordinário a pesquisa se desenvolve apresentando preliminarmente a metodologia utilizada após inicia o estudo sobre as competências do STF e sua natureza jurídica. Prossegue adentrando na discussão sobre denominada “jurisprudência autodefensiva” enquanto conjunto de decisões em cuja interpretação os membros do STF reduzem o espectro de incidência de normas constitucionais fundantes do sistema jurídico brasileiro analisando sua ocorrência e sobretudo suas razões. Por fim na parte central do estudo a discussão se volta exclusivamente para a ofensa reflexa ou indireta como destacada forma de jurisprudência defensiva analisando seu surgimento no controle concentrado de constitucionalidade passando a incidir no controle difuso de constitucionalidade e a partir de dados objetivos sobre a capacidade do STF busca analisar o fenômeno decisório de forma razoável avaliando inclusive casos paradigmáticos. Conclui-se de forma crítica mas com a apresentação de propostas para tentativa de solução ou pelo menos mitigação do problema. / Salvador

Submitted by Rachel Lopes Telésforo (rachel@tclaw.adv.br) on 2017-03-15T19:58:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RLT - DISSERTACAO MESTRADO - 2017.docx: 1963235 bytes, checksum: 3dcbac03c54376081f5116490cd805fa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Publicação Direito Rio (publicacao.direitorio@fgv.br) on 2017-03-16T13:47:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RLT - DISSERTACAO MESTRADO - 2017.docx: 1963235 bytes, checksum: 3dcbac03c54376081f5116490cd805fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T19:56:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RLT - DISSERTACAO MESTRADO - 2017.docx: 1963235 bytes, checksum: 3dcbac03c54376081f5116490cd805fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Technologic innovation is inevitable. Regulation, optional. All over the world, economic trends emerge every moment. Regarding the individual transport system of passengers, focus of this work, sharing economy brought paradigmatic disruptions, as occurred with the arrival of Uber device that offers similar services to taxis and promises to reduce ― or even eliminate ― existing market failures for years. Taxi Market is known for taxis upregulation, and until then, little competition and low consumer satisfaction index. Uber´s presence brought greater expectations of quality, but in the opposite direction of the success with users, the regulator follow the following cycle of intervention all over the world: (i) Immediate app’s prohibition; (ii) Uber’s indirect prohibition, according regulation in accordance with the traditional system/ 'a la taxi' (planning permissions and other mechanisms) and (iii) studies to introduction of a specific regulation, that put together technologic benefices and real attendance to public interest. To look more closely to the cycles, this paper analyzed the regulator’s posture in 23 megacities all over the world, according definition of United Nations – UN, that exemplified agent´s conduct in the cities with more than seven million habitants. Faced with said interventions, this paper has concluded that there is a strong regulatory capture in the transport of passenger’s market ― and there was made a theoretical approach of the Public Choice Theory ― since the first and second cycles evidence benefices of small groups of interest in the sector, rather than the mass. Besides that, since technology can reduce problems involving situations of monopolies, asymmetric information and negative externalities, there is no reason to justify the necessity of maintenance of the regulation, already considered excessive in said market. Also, it is worth mentioning that the regulatory actions were directly countered not only by the popular opinion, but mainly by force of judicial decisions all over the world, that by means of preliminary injunctions prevented abrasive reactions of those agents, and that indicates that judiciary sector is not captured. The third cycle of regulatory intervention indicates a way of interconnection between collaborative economies and urban solutions with the objective of the collective benefice. Studies all over the world points the necessity of regulatory alternatives that can conciliate the public interest with the comprehension of the technologic progress. However, to achieve the third cycle of regulation, it is necessary that the regulator abandon the character merely supervisory and assumes a behavior more analytical and proactive, with the objective of finding regulatory alternatives able to bring gains in infrastructure and urbanization. / A inovação tecnológica é inevitável. A regulação, opcional. Ao redor do mundo, tendências econômicas surgem a cada instante. No que tange ao sistema de transporte individual de passageiros, foco do presente trabalho, a economia de compartilhamento trouxe rompimentos paradigmáticos, como o que ocorreu com a chegada do dispositivo Uber, que oferece serviços semelhantes ao de táxis e reduz ― chegando em alguns casos, a eliminar ― falhas de mercado existentes há anos. O mercado de táxis é conhecido pela alta regulação, tendo até então, pouca concorrência e baixo índice de satisfação do consumidor. A presença do Uber trouxe maior expectativa de qualidade, mas em contramão ao sucesso junto aos usuários, o regulador segue o seguinte ciclo de intervenção reguladora, ao redor do mundo: (i) proibição imediata do aplicativo; (ii) proibição indireta do Uber, por meio de regulação feita de acordo com o sistema tradicional/ 'a la táxi' (concessão de alvarás, dentre outros mecanismos) e (iii) estudos para implementação de uma regulação específica, que une os benefícios tecnológicos ao real atendimento do interesse público. Para analisar mais profundamente esses ciclos, estudou-se a postura do regulador em 23 megacidades ao redor do mundo, conforme padrão definido pelas Organização das Nações Unidas – ONU, o que exemplificou a conduta dos agentes em cidades com mais de sete milhões de habitantes. Diante de tais intervenções, chegou-se à conclusão de que existe forte captura regulatória no sistema de transporte de passageiros ― tendo sido feita uma abordagem da Teoria da Escolha Pública ― já que os dois primeiros ciclos apontam benefícios de pequenos grupos de interesse no setor, em detrimento do coletivo. Além disso, se a tecnologia é capaz de reduzir falhas envolvendo situações de monopólios situacionais, assimetrias de informação e externalidades negativas, não haveria outro motivo que justificasse a necessidade na manutenção da regulação, já tida como excedente no mercado em apreço. Válido mencionar que as ações regulatórias foram prontamente combatidas não apenas pela opinião popular, mas principalmente por meio de decisões judiciais ao redor do mundo, que por meio de liminares impediram reações mais abrasivas de tais agentes, e o que aponta que tal setor não se encontra capturado. O terceiro ciclo de intervenção regulatória indica um caminho de interconexão entre as economias de colaboração com medidas urbanas que busquem beneficiar o coletivo. Estudos ao redor do mundo evidenciam a necessidade de alternativas regulatórias que possam conciliar o interesse público com a compreensão da natureza do progresso tecnológico. No entanto, para que se chegue a tal ciclo interventivo, é necessário que o regulador abandone o caráter meramente fiscalizatório e assuma comportamento mais analítico e proativo, no sentido de aplicar alternativas regulatórias que impliquem em medidas que representem ganhos em infraestrutura e urbanização.

In this study focus is placed on the Impact of the Namibian judiciary system on the sexually-abused child witness and recommendations were made to criminal justice professionals. A literature study was undertaken to establish a grounded theoretical perspective. A single case study was done to evaluate how the Gestalt Play Therapy Process can be applied to mitigate some of the negative effects the judicial system has on the child witness. An empirical study was done and a qualitative approach was utilised. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with children, their parents and criminal justice professionals. Major findings of this study are that the Namibian criminal justice system leads to further traumatization of the sexually-abused child witness and that the Gestalt Play Therapy approach can be applied to make the court proceedings less traumatic and even therapeutic for the child witness. Recommendations were formulated for criminal justice professionals / In hierdie verhandeling is gefokus op die impak van die Namibiese regstelsel op die seksueel-misbruikte kindergetuie en daar word aanbevelings gedoen aan professionele persone in die kriminele regstelsel. 'n Literatuurstudie is gedoen om 'n grondige toeretiese perspektief daar te stel. 'n Enkele gevallestudie is uitgevoer om te evalueer hoe die Gestalt Spelterapieproses toegepas kan word om die hofverrigtinge vir die kind minder traumaties te maak. 'n Empiriese studie is gedoen en 'n kwalitatiewe benadering is gebruik. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met kinders, hulle ouers en professionele persone wat met seksueel-misbruikte kindergetuies werk. In die studie is bevind dat die Namibiese regstelsel addisionele trauma veroorsaak vir die kindergetuie en dat die Getaltspelterapiebenadering gebruik kan word om die hofervaring minder traumaties en selfs terapeuties te kan maak vir die kindergetuie. Aanbevelings is gedoen aan professionele persone wat met kindergetuies werk. / Social work / M.Diac. (Play Therapy)

O advento da Constituição Federal de 1988, que positivou a saúde como direito social de todos dependente de políticas de Estado (art. 196, CF) e criou o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para garantir ações e serviços assistenciais universais, igualitários e integrais (art. 198, CF), propiciou, em pouco tempo, o incremento da judicialização da saúde no Brasil, em dimensões preocupantes, sobretudo por conta do significativo impacto orçamentário gerado. Mas a ingerência do Poder Judiciário nas políticas públicas de saúde, que ocorre principalmente em ações civis individuais de medicamentos e produtos de interesse à saúde, aguarda ainda uma crítica mais definitiva, que ultrapasse posicionamentos meramente teóricos e avalie o fenômeno empiricamente. O presente estudo desenvolve, em primeiro lugar, uma análise da CF e da legislação sanitária, inclusive a Lei Orgânica da Saúde (Lei 8.080/90) e os novos marcos legais da integralidade (Lei 12.401/11, Lei 12.466/11, Decreto 7.508/11 e LC 141/12), para identificar o regime jurídico-constitucional do SUS e o conteúdo material do direito à saúde, que corresponde ao que foi denominado integralidade sistêmica ou regulada (análise jurídica). Em seguida, o estudo faz uma pesquisa retrospectiva das ações judiciais de medicamentos, insumos terapêuticos e produtos de interesse à saúde, registradas no sistema informatizado do CODES (Coordenação de Demandas Estratégicas do SUS) da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, durante o período de 2010 a 2014, objetivando constatar as suas principais características, buscando compreender o fenômeno enquanto realidade prática (análise fenomenológica). Em conclusão, verificou-se que, em regra, as ordens judiciais determinam escolha de marca comercial, medicamentos não previstos nos protocolos clínicos e nas relações de medicamentos, sem registro na Anvisa, importados e experimentais, e mesmo sem qualquer relação com as atividades assistenciais do SUS, frequentemente com base em prescrições médicas irregulares e privadas, gerando grande impacto orçamentário e desorganização das atividades administrativas. O confronto com o regime jurídico-constitucional do SUS e a legislação demonstra que o Poder Judiciário descumpre, em bloco, o ordenamento jurídico sanitário, uma ruptura do Estado Democrático de Direito que coloca em risco o projeto constitucional do SUS. Algumas sugestões de enfrentamento do problema são apresentadas / The advent of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which stated health as a social right for everyone dependent on government policies (art. 196, CF) and created the Unified Health System (\"SUS\") to ensure universal, egalitarian and integral assistance services and actions (art. 198, CF), provided, in a short time, the increased judicialization of health in Brazil, in alarming proportions, particularly due to significant budget impact generated. But the interference of the Judiciary in public health policies, which occurs primarily in individual civil actions of drugs and supplies, still awaiting a more definitive critical, going beyond merely theoretical positions and assess the phenomenon empirically. This study develops, first, an analysis of CF and health legislation, including the Organic Law of Health (Law 8.080/90) and the new legal frameworks of integrality (Law 12.401/11, Law 12.466/11, Decree 7.508/11 and LC 141/12), to identify the legal and constitutional arrangements of the \"SUS\" and the material content of the right to health, which corresponds to what is called systemic or regulated integrality (legal analysis). Then, the study makes a retrospective survey of judicial decisions concerning medications, therapeutic supplies and health-related products, recorded in the computerized system CODES (Coordination Strategic Demands of SUS) of the Secretariat of Health for the State of São Paulo, during the period from 2010 to 2014, aiming to realize its main features, trying to understand the phenomenon as a practical reality (phenomenological analysis). In conclusion, the study found that, as a rule, the court orders determine the choice of trade mark, medications not covered in the clinical protocols and relationships of drugs, without registration at ANVISA, imported and experimental, and even unrelated to the welfare activities of the \"SUS\", often based on rough and private medical prescriptions, generating large budget impact and disruption of administrative activities. The confrontation with the legal and constitutional arrangements of the \"SUS\" and the legislation shows that the Judiciary violates, as a whole, the health law, a breach of the Democratic State of Law that endangers the constitutional SUS project. Some suggestions of trouble confrontation are presented

Submitted by Luiza Szczerbacki Castello Branco (luizabranco@ig.com.br) on 2013-07-14T15:03:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Luiza SCB.pdf: 864204 bytes, checksum: 0a31dee68259be4a7b831c997fec0eee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2013-07-31T19:26:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Luiza SCB.pdf: 864204 bytes, checksum: 0a31dee68259be4a7b831c997fec0eee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-08-02T19:05:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Luiza SCB.pdf: 864204 bytes, checksum: 0a31dee68259be4a7b831c997fec0eee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-02T19:05:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Luiza SCB.pdf: 864204 bytes, checksum: 0a31dee68259be4a7b831c997fec0eee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-10 / The Brazilian judiciary has experienced a credibility crisis before society due to its slowness. Thus, the Constitutional Amendment nº 45 of the year of 2004 created the National Council of Justice, the administrative body responsible for that power. Since then, there are efforts in the administration of justice to become professionalized and modernized under the policies of this Council. This board has adopted in the year of 2009 the national strategic planning that stipulates mandatory goals for all courts of justice in the country. Therefore, this study sought to understand what are the perceptions of magistrates and officers of courts about the implementation of goals imposed by the National Counsel of Justice to the Court of Justice of the State of Rio de Janeiro and how this reinforce the strategic planning in the court. The research is characterized as qualitative and descriptive and the data was collected by bibliographic research and research in the field. There were conducted interviews among judges, officers of courts, administrative officers and employees, all working in the chosen court. The survey results show that while strategic planning is not widely known, nor that the goals are fully understood, the fact that they are being fulfilled can influence positively the strategic planning. However, both the NCJ strategic planning practices with their mandatory goals as the environment of planning in the court of Rio de Janeiro are not aligned with the ideas and concepts existing in the modern literature. / O Poder Judiciário brasileiro tem passado por uma crise de credibilidade frente à sociedade devido a sua morosidade. Assim, com a Emenda Constitucional nº 45 do ano de 2004 foi criado o Conselho Nacional de Justiça, órgão competente pelo controle da atuação administrativa e financeira desse Poder. Desde então, observam-se esforços na gestão da justiça para profissionalizar e modernizar os Tribunais pátrios sob as diretivas deste Conselho. Este órgão instituiu no ano de 2009 o planejamento estratégico nacional com a estipulação de metas de caráter obrigatório para todos os Tribunais de Justiça do país. Desta forma, o presente estudo buscou entender quais as percepções dos magistrados e servidores sobre o cumprimento das metas impostas pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça ao Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e como tal processo influencia para reforçar o planejamento estratégico neste Tribunal. O trabalho caracteriza-se como qualitativo e descritivo e os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com juízes, desembargadores, secretários de juízes, diretores administrativos e serventuários, todos atuantes no TJERJ. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que embora não haja amplo conhecimento do planejamento estratégico em vigor ou ainda que as metas não sejam plenamente compreendidas, o fato de estarem sendo cumpridas mostra-se positivo para o planejamento do Tribunal. Todavia, tanto a prática de planejamento estratégico do CNJ consubstanciada na imposição de metas quanto o ambiente de planejamento no âmbito do TJERJ não estão em sintonia com as ideias e conceitos asseverados na literatura moderna.

The aim of the diploma thesis "Current issues of judicial proceedings in cases of international protection" is the evaluation whether the amendment of Asylum Act sufficiently fulfils requirements of the procedural Directive 2013/32/EU regarding the right to effective remedy. Namely these requirements are full and ex nunc examination of both fact and points of law that composes large part of this thesis, suspensive effect and time limits. In order to reach the goal of this thesis several questions are given which one of them relates to the right to effective remedy in international, European and national law. Hence the chapter two deals with the right to effective remedy in European Convention on Human Rights, Convention against Torture and International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights same as in EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms of the Czech Republic. Afterwards the thesis presents the main principles of administrative judiciary such as cassation principle and principle ex tunc and specifics of judicial proceedings in cases of international protection. Crucial part of the thesis is the chapter four that analyses above mentioned requirements of procedural Directive 2013/32/EU and transposition of these requirements by the amendment of Asylum Act....

Les juges sont devenus des acteurs omniprésents au sein des sociétés. Garants de l’application du droit, leurs nombreuses interventions contribuent au bon fonctionnement des sociétés. L’étude des interventions judiciaires spécifiques au droit des sociétés in bonis permet de souligner le rôle majeur désormais tenu par les juges. L’analyse des pouvoirs judiciaires de régulation de la vie sociétaire et de sanction des obligations civiles en droit des sociétés met en évidence l’impact des interventions judiciaires sur le fonctionnement des sociétés. Il existe de nombreuses procédures spécifiques au droit des sociétés, mais la richesse des solutions et des innovations jurisprudentielles caractérise également le recours nécessaire au droit civil et au droit processuel afin de répondre aux exigences de l’environnement sociétaire. Fort de ce constat, différentes pistes peuvent être proposées dans le but de renforcer l’efficacité et l’utilité de ces interventions judiciaires qui permettent de garantir l’efficience et l’attractivité du droit des sociétés français. / Judges have become ubiquitous stakeholders within companies. As guardians of law, they play a real role in the well being of companies. The study of legal interventions, specific to corporate law, applied to “in bonis” companies clearly highlights the major role played by judges today. Analysis of the judiciary powers regulating companies lives and of the sanctions surrounding liabilities in corporate law puts emphasis on the impact of judicial involvement on company functioning. Many specific corporate law proceedings exist, however, the rich range in solutions and case-law innovations accentuates the need to resort to civil and procedural law in response to the business world’s requirements and expectations. With this in mind, different lines of action are imaginable in the hope to reinforce the usefulness and relevance of judicial involvement that guarantee the efficiency and attractive nature of French corporate law.

O advento da Constituição Federal de 1988, que positivou a saúde como direito social de todos dependente de políticas de Estado (art. 196, CF) e criou o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para garantir ações e serviços assistenciais universais, igualitários e integrais (art. 198, CF), propiciou, em pouco tempo, o incremento da judicialização da saúde no Brasil, em dimensões preocupantes, sobretudo por conta do significativo impacto orçamentário gerado. Mas a ingerência do Poder Judiciário nas políticas públicas de saúde, que ocorre principalmente em ações civis individuais de medicamentos e produtos de interesse à saúde, aguarda ainda uma crítica mais definitiva, que ultrapasse posicionamentos meramente teóricos e avalie o fenômeno empiricamente. O presente estudo desenvolve, em primeiro lugar, uma análise da CF e da legislação sanitária, inclusive a Lei Orgânica da Saúde (Lei 8.080/90) e os novos marcos legais da integralidade (Lei 12.401/11, Lei 12.466/11, Decreto 7.508/11 e LC 141/12), para identificar o regime jurídico-constitucional do SUS e o conteúdo material do direito à saúde, que corresponde ao que foi denominado integralidade sistêmica ou regulada (análise jurídica). Em seguida, o estudo faz uma pesquisa retrospectiva das ações judiciais de medicamentos, insumos terapêuticos e produtos de interesse à saúde, registradas no sistema informatizado do CODES (Coordenação de Demandas Estratégicas do SUS) da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, durante o período de 2010 a 2014, objetivando constatar as suas principais características, buscando compreender o fenômeno enquanto realidade prática (análise fenomenológica). Em conclusão, verificou-se que, em regra, as ordens judiciais determinam escolha de marca comercial, medicamentos não previstos nos protocolos clínicos e nas relações de medicamentos, sem registro na Anvisa, importados e experimentais, e mesmo sem qualquer relação com as atividades assistenciais do SUS, frequentemente com base em prescrições médicas irregulares e privadas, gerando grande impacto orçamentário e desorganização das atividades administrativas. O confronto com o regime jurídico-constitucional do SUS e a legislação demonstra que o Poder Judiciário descumpre, em bloco, o ordenamento jurídico sanitário, uma ruptura do Estado Democrático de Direito que coloca em risco o projeto constitucional do SUS. Algumas sugestões de enfrentamento do problema são apresentadas / The advent of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which stated health as a social right for everyone dependent on government policies (art. 196, CF) and created the Unified Health System (\"SUS\") to ensure universal, egalitarian and integral assistance services and actions (art. 198, CF), provided, in a short time, the increased judicialization of health in Brazil, in alarming proportions, particularly due to significant budget impact generated. But the interference of the Judiciary in public health policies, which occurs primarily in individual civil actions of drugs and supplies, still awaiting a more definitive critical, going beyond merely theoretical positions and assess the phenomenon empirically. This study develops, first, an analysis of CF and health legislation, including the Organic Law of Health (Law 8.080/90) and the new legal frameworks of integrality (Law 12.401/11, Law 12.466/11, Decree 7.508/11 and LC 141/12), to identify the legal and constitutional arrangements of the \"SUS\" and the material content of the right to health, which corresponds to what is called systemic or regulated integrality (legal analysis). Then, the study makes a retrospective survey of judicial decisions concerning medications, therapeutic supplies and health-related products, recorded in the computerized system CODES (Coordination Strategic Demands of SUS) of the Secretariat of Health for the State of São Paulo, during the period from 2010 to 2014, aiming to realize its main features, trying to understand the phenomenon as a practical reality (phenomenological analysis). In conclusion, the study found that, as a rule, the court orders determine the choice of trade mark, medications not covered in the clinical protocols and relationships of drugs, without registration at ANVISA, imported and experimental, and even unrelated to the welfare activities of the \"SUS\", often based on rough and private medical prescriptions, generating large budget impact and disruption of administrative activities. The confrontation with the legal and constitutional arrangements of the \"SUS\" and the legislation shows that the Judiciary violates, as a whole, the health law, a breach of the Democratic State of Law that endangers the constitutional SUS project. Some suggestions of trouble confrontation are presented

On December 22, 1926, an opening ceremony of the so-called Gypsy school was held in Uzhhorod, the capital of the Czechoslovak administration in Carpathian Ruthenia. Czech officials who gave talks pointed out pedagogical significance of the established institution which they described as unique and exceptional "experiment". The creation of a special school for children of those inhabitants who were labelled as "Gypsies" on the territory which was annexed by Czechoslovakia only later after the First World War and which in the contemporary imagination represented specific, "backward" region of the newly established state, served to consolidate the legitimacy of the First Republic as a democratic, progressive, modern, liberal state which belonged to the developed and civilized West. More than a half year later, on July 14, 1927, representatives in the Czechoslovak Parliament in Prague passed the Act No. 117/1927 on Wandering Gypsies. The development of this law was related to an immense interest of the contemporary media in "Gypsies" which was encouraged by the arrest of approximately twenty "Gypsies" from a village located in East Slovakia. They were charged of numerous robberies and murders. In contrast to the situation shortly after the First World War when the central Czechoslovak authorities...

Free law-finding (causes and consequences) Abstract This dissertation deals with the phenomenon of free law-finding and analyses its causes and consequences. The introduction outlines the aim of the dissertation, reasons for choosing this topic, the current state of research, especially in the Czech-Slovak legal environment, methodology and also briefly the issue of causality in general. The main part of the dissertation is divided in two parts. The first part contains description and analysis of the German Free Law Movement (Freirechtsschule) from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries led by the German legal scholar Hermann Kantorowicz and his manifesto The Battle for Legal Science (Der Kampf um die Rechtswissenschaft), which formed the theoretical basis of the Free Law Movement and, thus, also of this dissertation. In this part, the lives and works of the main representatives of the Free Law Movement are discussed (Hermann Kantorowicz, Ernst Fuchs, Eugen Ehrlich), but also some others are mentioned including Gustav Radbruch. At the end of the first part, the analysis of the free law in the theory of the Free Law Movement is provided, as well es of the causes and consequences which have led to the emergence and existence of the Free Law Movement; finally, the analysis of the consequences of the Free Law...