Under våren 2023 utfördes detta examensarbete på Väderstad AB, ett företag som tillverkar högpresterande jordbruksmaskiner, däribland såmaskiner, precisionssåmaskiner och jordbearbetningsmaskiner. En av dessa är tallrikskultivatorn Carrier XL, vilken kan utrustas med den monterbara såmaskinen BioDrill 360 för att kunna så frön samtidigt som jorden bearbetas. På senare tid har det uppstått ett behov att även kunna montera en större sålåda, BioDrill 500, på Carrier XL. Målet med detta arbete blev därför att ta fram ett konstruktionsförslag på hur BioDrill 500 kan implementeras på Carrier XL 425-725, med hänsyn till Väderstads produktion, fungerande frötransport, utrymmeskrav samt krav på hållfasthet. Arbetet har bestått av teoriundersökning, konceptgenerering och utveckling i flera iterationer samt CAD-modellering i Creo. Dimensionerande beräkningar har utförts i form av FEM-analyser och andra hållfasthetsberäkningar på maskinens drag och hjulaxel. Dessutom har en undersökning av produktarkitektur utförts för att se till vilken grad modularitet och funktionsdelning kan implementeras på infästningen för att göra den fördelaktig ur ett tekniskt och ekonomisk perspektiv.  Arbetets resultat består av en ställning som monteras på hjulstället till Carrier XL som gör att toppen av sålådan konstant hålls parallell med marken tack vare ett parallellänkage. En plattform utvecklas och placeras vid sidan av BioDrill 500 för att tillgodose tillgänglighet för användaren och två fördelarhuvuden monteras i parallellänkaget framför BioDrill 500 för att möjliggöra en fungerande frötransport. Produktariktekturen anpassas genom att implementera en kombination av modulära och integrerade lösningar samt funktionsdelning. För att passa i produktionen på Väderstad används mestadels plåtar och rör av stål som främst bearbetas genom laserskärning och bockning samt mindre inslag av svets. Dessutom anpassas infästningen med hjälp av Design for Manufacturing och Design for Assembly för att underlätta tillverkning och montering.

<p>In infrastructure construction projects especially bridge investments, the most critical decisions that significantly affect the whole bridge LCC are the early stages decisions. Clearly, it's more beneficial to correctly choose the optimum bridge than to choose the optimum construction or repair method.</p><p>The ability of a bridge to provide service over time demands appropriate maintenance by the agency. Thus the investment decision should consider not only the initial activity that creates a public good, but also all future activities that will be required to keep that investment available to the public.</p><p>This research is aiming for bridge sustainability, enhance the bridge related decision making, and facilitate the usage of the bridge related feedbacks. The development of a reliable and usable computer tool for bridge LCC & LCA evaluation is the main target.</p><p>Toward the main goal, many steps were fulfilled. A unique integrated Bridge LCC evaluation methodology was developed. Two systematic evaluation ways were developed, one for bridge user cost and one for the bridge aesthetical and cultural value. To put these two systematic ways in practice, two preliminary computer programs were developed for this purpose. Today and future works are focusing on developing methodology and preliminary computer tool for bridge agency cost as well as the bridge LCA evaluation. KTH unique LCC evaluation system will enable the decision makers to correctly choose the optimum bridge in the early stages decision making phases as well as any later on reparation method.</p> / ETSI

To stay competitive internationally, the Swedish forestry sector must increase its productivity by 2 to 3% annually. There are a variety of ways in which productivity can be increased. One option is to develop remote-controlled or unmanned machines, thus reducing the need for operator intervention. Another option—and one that could be achieved sooner than full automation—would be to make some functions semi-automatic. Semi-automatic operation of the knuckle boom and felling head in particular would create “mini-breaks” for the operators, thereby reducing mental and physiological stress. It would also reduce training time and increase the productivity of a large proportion of operators. The objective of this thesis work has been to develop and evaluate algorithms for simplified boom control on forest machines. Algorithms for so called boom tip control, as well as automatic boom functions have been introduced. The algorithms solve the inverse kinematics of kinematically redundant knuckle booms while maximizing lifting capacity. The boom tip control was evaluated – first by means of a kinematic simulation and then in a dynamic forest machine simulator. The results show that boom tip control is an easier system to learn in comparison to conventional control, leading to savings in production due to shorter learning times and operators being able to reach full production sooner. Boom tip control also creates less mental strain than conventional control, which in the long run will reduce mental stress on operators of forest machines. The maximum lifting capacity algorithm was then developed further to enable TCP path-tracking, which was also implemented and evaluated in the simulator. An evaluation of the fidelity of the dynamic forest machine simulator was performed to ensure validity of the results achieved with the simplified boom control. The results from the study show that there is good fidelity between the forest machine simulator and a real forest machine, and that the results from simulations are reliable. It is also concluded that the simulator was a useful research tool for the studies performed in the context of this thesis work. The thesis had two overall objectives. The first was to provide the industry and forestry sector with usable and verified ideas and results in the area of automation. This has been accomplished with the implementation of a simplified boom control and semi-automation on a forwarder in a recently started joint venture between a hydraulic manufacturer, a forest machine manufacturer and a forest enterprise. The second objective was to strengthen the research and development links between the forestry sector and technical university research. This has been accomplished through the thesis work itself and by a number of courses, projects and Masters theses over the last three years. About 150 students in total have been studying forest machine technology in one way or the other. / QC 20100729

Where do companies begin their efforts when trying to improve information management in product development? In large companies involving many people, multiple processes and highly technological products several factors have an impact on efficiency. Interdisciplinary integration and structured information are two overall proposed key factors that have been identified as important to obtain efficient information management. Measurement of satisfaction level among information systems users is proposed as an angle of approach to identify key improvement areas from an operative perspective that are argued to be strategic for management to address. However, the need for adjustments to contextual prerequisites and a changing environment makes evaluation necessary prior to measurement. An evaluation framework is proposed to identify metrics that are tailored and kept in line with business and development strategies to ensure their relevancy. This research has aimed at taking a holistic approach to information management in complex product development. The research focus has been on the integration between engineering disciplines where software and electrical R&amp;D departments at automotive companies have been the main source of the analysis material. Integrated information management entails support for activities within the engineering domain. Several strategies are discussed to manage trade-offs in organizations in order to succeed with integrated information management. A needs-based balance is one important approach proposed to resolve changing and conflicting needs. Furthermore, it is argued that operative and strategic goals should be allowed to co-exist. Providing the right infrastructure to support designers in their everyday work does not necessarily mean additional functionality to existing information systems or automated work activities by improved document templates. Rather, it is suggested that a shift in focus (from addressing detailed requirements management to reflecting on interrelationships between information objects and system inter-dependencies) would be a strong mechanism to succeed with information management. The transition into model-based development is argued to be a much needed change for organizations to obtain integrated information management, since a model-based approach is considered an important basis for structured information. Anticipated benefits with integrated information management are increased information availability, reduced information overflow, and enhanced communication and understanding of critical system dependencies / QC 20100730

Detta examensarbete har gjorts på uppdrag av SP Maskiner AB och berör längdmätningsenheten på skördaraggregatet SP451LF. Pulsgivaren i den befintliga längdmätningen anses inte nå en acceptabel livslängd och därför skall ett sensorlager prövas som ersättare. Uppdraget består i att söka ett lämpligt sensorlager, dimensionera en komplett mäthjulslagring samt att ta fram ett konstruktionsförslag till prototyp på längdmätning. Arbetet begränsas av att den omkonstruerade längdmätningen skall passa på SP451LF aggregatet. Det betyder att längdmätningens infästning mot aggregatet inte får förändras och dess yttermått måste hållas inom de gränser som aggregatets chassi tillåter. / This diploma work has been done on commission by SP Maskiner AB and affects the length meter unit on the single-grip harvester SP451LF. The pulse encoder in the present length meter has too short duration why a sensor-bearing will be tested as replacement. The tasks are to find a suitable sensor-bearing unit, to dimension a complete measuring wheel bearing and create a construction proposal for a prototype of a length meter. The diploma work is limited by the fact that the reworked length meter has to fit into the SP451LF harvester. That means that the length meter’s contact points on the harvester’s frame are not to be altered.

Abstract Our bachelor degree thesis was carried out in collaboration with Ivar Petterssons Järnmanufaktur AB in Smålandsstenar. We were asked to replace their wedge housing, used to fasten the wires to the power lines, with a similar structure in a plastic material. The idea for this project started with Ivar Petterssons Järnmanufaktur AB having problems with the casting quality that forced them to perform expensive tests on each of the wedge houses to ensure the quality. They are currently produced in China which is also a major drawback because it requires expensive long delivery times. The method we used is Fredy Olsson's Princip- and Primärkonstuktion (1995). We have consistently been in the project on so-called "broad front", which means that you create several sketches, ideas and changes in parallel, and then evaluates all. With this method we were able to largely concentrate on the current part of the project, rather than using the more time-consuming "trail and error" method, which is basically doing one idea at a time, and evaluate them one by one. At first we were very optimistic and thought we would be able to order form for the injection moulding process, but as the project progressed we found we were not certain that the product would hold and we were forced to present the solution as a concept that will require testing before it’s finished, and not a finished solution.The results we presented for Ivar Pettersssons Järnmanufaktur is a complete drawing on our primary solution, including the release angles. This is because when they decide to go forth with the project, it will be possible to produce a tool without having to make changes to the drawings. Temporary financial calculation shows that the savings may be realized around 1 300 000 SEK by switching to a plastic construction. However we have not been able to verify hours and therefore no cost estimates for the testing done in Sweden, so the actual amount of money saved is larger.

<p>Detta examensarbete har gjorts på uppdrag av SP Maskiner AB och berör längdmätningsenheten på skördaraggregatet SP451LF. Pulsgivaren i den befintliga längdmätningen anses inte nå en acceptabel livslängd och därför skall ett sensorlager prövas som ersättare.</p><p>Uppdraget består i att söka ett lämpligt sensorlager, dimensionera en komplett mäthjulslagring samt att ta fram ett konstruktionsförslag till prototyp på längdmätning.</p><p>Arbetet begränsas av att den omkonstruerade längdmätningen skall passa på SP451LF aggregatet. Det betyder att längdmätningens infästning mot aggregatet inte får förändras och dess yttermått måste hållas inom de gränser som aggregatets chassi tillåter.</p> / <p>This diploma work has been done on commission by SP Maskiner AB and affects the length meter unit on the single-grip harvester SP451LF. The pulse encoder in the present length meter has too short duration why a sensor-bearing will be tested as replacement.</p><p>The tasks are to find a suitable sensor-bearing unit, to dimension a complete measuring wheel bearing and create a construction proposal for a prototype of a length meter.</p><p>The diploma work is limited by the fact that the reworked length meter has to fit into the SP451LF harvester. That means that the length meter’s contact points on the harvester’s frame are not to be altered.</p>

A Thesis work has been performed along with BillerudKorsnäs AB, as a closing course of the Bachelor of science in Mechanical Engineering, Karlstad University. This report contains the process of a product development of an equipment for restrained drying of paper.Restrained drying means locking the fibers in the sheet and prevent shrinkage during drying (zero deformation), which causes internal tensions and with the restrained drying, the mechanical properties of the paper can be affected. BillerudKorsnäs is a company that manufacture packaging materials and packaging solutions based on forestry products. Within their development work, sheets of paper need to dry, where BillerudKorsnäs has previously used drying methods that do not fulfill their wishes. Therefore, a new drying equipment is desired to be able to dry sheets in a controlled way, with restrained drying. The aim of the work was to develop a new and better equipment for drying of paper, with associated drawings for future manufacturing. A concept has been developed using various product development methods along with frequent communication with BillerudKorsnäs. In the end of the thesis, a final equipment for restrained drying that handles sheets of sizes between A5-A4 (approximately 150x210mm - 210x300mm) has been produced. According to a theoretical basis, the equipment is shown to be better adapted to the application than previous drying methods used. The result meets BillerudKorsnäs goals and requirements. / Ett examensarbete har utförts tillsammans med BillerudKorsnäs AB, som en avslutande del av Högskoleingenjörsprogrammet i Maskinteknik, Karlstads Universitet. Denna rapport behandlar en produktutvecklingsprocess av en torkutrustning för inspänd torkning av pappersark.Inspänd torkning innebär att man låser arkets fibrer och förhindrar krympning under torkning (noll deformation), vilket leder till att interna spänningar byggs upp och med inspänd torkning kan man påverka ett pappers mekaniska egenskaper. BillerudKorsnäs är ett företag som levererar förpackningsmaterial och förpackningslösningar baserat på skogsråvara. Inom deras utvecklingsarbete behöver pappersark torkas, där företaget tidigare använt sig av torkmetoder som inte uppfyller deras önskemål. En ny torkutrustning med inspänd torkning önskas därför av BillerudKorsnäs, för att på ett kontrollerat och strukturerat tillvägagångssätt kunna torka ark. Målet med arbetet har varit att framställa en utrustning för denna torkprocess, i form av en 3D-modell med tillhörande ritningsunderlag. Om tid fanns skulle utrustningen också tillverkas och utvärderas, som en bonus. Vilket tyvärr inte verkställdes. Med hjälp av produktutvecklingsprocessen, experimentella analyser samt olika metoder av idégenereringar har ett koncept tagits fram som svarar på problemformuleringen. Detta koncept har sedan i hög grad utvecklats under frekvent kommunikation med BillerudKorsnäs. Avslutningsvis har en slutgiltig torkutrustning som erhåller möjlig inspänning och töjning av pappersark, med tillhörande ritningsunderlag framställts. Utrustningen är manuell och hanterar pappersark av storlek mellan A5-A4 (cirka 150x210mm - 210x300mm) och medför en kontrollerad torkning. Enligt en teoretisk grund påvisas denna vara bättre anpassad för användningsområdet än tidigare torkmetoder som använts. Resultatet uppfyller BillerudKorsnäs mål och krav.