Global ETD Search

31	L'Organisation des Nations Unies et la protection de l'environnement / The United Nations and the protection of the environment Kaygusuz, Mehtap 25 March 2016 (has links) La mondialisation de la dégradation de l’environnement a conduit, dès la fin des années 1960, à l’intervention de l’Organisation des Nations Unies dans ce domaine, en dépit de l’absence de référence explicite dans la Charte des Nations Unies à l’environnement. Cette absence n’a pas empêché l’ONU de devenir le principal acteur de l’universalisation de la protection de l’environnement. Cette universalisation marquée par le caractère universel de l’Organisation et des enjeux environnementaux se trouve dès lors au cœur des rapports entre l’ONU et la protection de l’environnement. La présente étude analyse d’une part le cadre de l’universalisation de la protection de l’environnement et d’autre part la portée juridique de cette dernière qui se façonne dans une relation dynamique et complexe, influençant à la fois l’Organisation et l’objet de la protection. / The globalisation of environmental degradation has led in the late 1960s to the intervention of the United Nations in this area, despite the lack of any explicit reference to the environment in the United Nations Charter. This absence has not prevented the UN to become the main actor in the universalisation of the protection of the environment. This universalisation, marked by the universal character of the Organisation and environmental issues, is therefore at the heart of the relationship between UN and the protection of the environment. This study analyses on the one hand the framework of universalisation of the protection of the environment and, on the other, its legal scope which is shaped in a dynamic and complex relationship, influencing both the Organisation and the object of its protection. Organisation des Nations Unies Environnement Protection de l'environnement Universalisation Instruments juridiques environnementaux Conventions environnementales The United Nations Environment Protection of the environment Universalisation United Nations Environment Programme Environmental legal instruments Environmental conventions 340
32	Revitalização de brownfields : da aplicação do princípio da função socioambiental da propriedade ao gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas ou suspeitas de contaminação Mattei, Juliana Flávia 19 November 2010 (has links) Como efeito negativo da sociedade marcada pelo desenvolvimento industrial a qualquer preço, especialmente decorrente do revés processo histórico de desativação de indústrias, surgiram no espaço urbano extensas áreas abandonadas suspeitas ou efetivamente contaminadas. Estas áreas são denominadas brownfields, e podem ser encontradas em praticamente todos os países industrializados ou em processo intenso de industrialização, em qualquer dos Continentes. Mostra-se relevante perceber a situação atual do gerenciamento de brownfields, mais especificamente de áreas contaminadas, que compõem o cenário de grande parte das cidades, e os instrumentos utilizados para promover a sua refuncionalização, especialmente os mecanismos legais criados para este fim. A Região Metropolitana de São Paulo é caso emblemático no Brasil tanto na constatação e registros da formação de brownfields pela relocalização de empreendimentos industriais quanto pela forma pioneira com que vem inovando e implementando instrumentos para a revitalização desses espaços urbanos, aliando iniciativas políticas e legais. Ainda, a recentíssima Resolução CONAMA nº 420, de 28 dezembro de 2009, surge como a primeira regulamentação sobre o tema em nível federal no Brasil, e traz a expectativa de que o tema seja finalmente enfrentado adequadamente no País, embora ainda mereça aprimoramentos e medidas complementares. / As a negative effect of the industrial development at any price, especially due to the historical process of closure of industries have emerged large urban areas abandoned, which are suspected or actually contaminated. These areas are called brownfields, and can be found in virtually all countries, industrialized or under intense process of industrialization in any of the Continents. It is necessary to study the current status of brownfields management, which have been being a mark of industrialized cities, and the instruments used to promote their revitalization or refunctioning, especially the legal mechanisms created for this purpose. The Metropolitan Region of São Paulo in Brazil is emblematic case both in finding and comfirming the formation of brownfields by relocation of industrial enterprises, as well the pioneer way in innovating and deploying tools for urban areas revitalization, combining political and legal initiatives. Also, the very recent CONAMA Resolution 420 of December 28th, 2009, appears as the first legislation on the issue from federal initiative in Brazil, and raises the hope that the problem is finally addressed adequately in the country, though still worthy of improvements and complementary measures. Direito Áreas contaminadas Brownfields Função socioambiental da propriedade Gerenciamento Instrumentos legais Direito ambiental Propriedade privada Depósitos de resíduos tóxicos Planejamento urbano Contaminated sites Brownfields Management Legal instruments Environmental law Personal property Hazardous waste sites City planning
33	L’effectivité des droits de l’enfant en côte d'Ivoire : entre normes internationales et réalités locales / The effectiveness of children rights in ivory coast : between international standards and local realities Nene Bi, Arsène Désiré 06 July 2018 (has links) L’effectivité des droits de l’enfant en Côte d’Ivoire est soumise à une tension constante et fragile entre les normes internationales qui proclament ces droits et assurent leur garantie et les réalités locales qui sont celles d’un pays en développement. De surcroît, la Côte d’Ivoire a rencontré depuis plus de dix ans de graves problèmes d’instabilité politique et sociale à cause d’une crise armée qui a déstabilisé les régimes de protection dans tous les domaines où ceux-ci existaient auparavant. La situation de la protection des droits de l’enfant, essentiellement d’origine internationale et placée à ce titre, sous un contrôle international pouvait-elle échapper à ce contexte ? La thèse montre que l’intégration dans le droit national ivoirien des normes internationales de protection à travers une large participation de la Côte d’Ivoire à la plupart des instruments protégeant tant les droits de l’Homme en général que les droits de l’enfant en particulier, de même que la traduction nationale de ces droits selon les exigences constitutionnelles dans une importante législation pourraient donner une image d’effectivité. Cette image est cependant fausse. L’effectivité de ces droits, lorsqu’elle est mise à l’épreuve des réalités du pays, tombe sous le poids des manifestations des violations aussi diverses qu’inacceptables. C’est pourquoi des mesures pour une effectivité améliorée sont préconisées. Leur mise en œuvre pourrait garantir un meilleur avenir à tous les enfants de la Côte d’Ivoire. / The effectiveness of children’s rights in Ivory Coast is subject to a constant and fragile tension between the international standards that proclaim these rights and guarantee them and the local realities that are those of a developing country. In addition, for more than ten years, Ivory Coast has faced serious problems of political and social instability because of an armed crisis that has destabilized protection regimes in all areas where they previously existed. Could the situation of the protection of the rights of the child, mainly from international origin and placed under international control, escape this context? The thesis shows that the integration into Ivorian national law of international standards of protection through a wide participation of Ivory Coast in most instruments protecting both human rights in general and the rights of the child in particular, just as the national translation of these rights according to constitutional requirements into important legislation could give a sense of effectiveness. However, this feeling is fake. The effectiveness of these rights, when challenged by the realities of the country, falls under the weight of manifestations of violations as diverse as unacceptable. This is why measures for improved effectiveness are recommended. Their implementation could guarantee a better future for all children in Ivory Coast. Droits de l'enfant Santé Effectivité Éducation Conflit armé Violations Responsabilité Dignité Droits fondamentaux Égalité Enfant Existence Instruments juridiques Interêt superieur de l'enfant Justice des mineurs Protection Adoption Parole de l'enfant Normes internationales Réalités locales Détention Dignité Garde à vue Privation de liberté Children's rights Health Effectiveness Education Armed conflict Violations Accountability Dignity Fundamental Rights Equality Child Existence Legal instruments Best interest of the child Juvenile justice Protection 340

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