Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-22T12:55:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-26T19:12:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T19:15:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The object of our scrutiny is one humorous-prejudiced sketch broadcast by the television channel Multishow, which can, alternatively, also be viewed via internet and all digital means at our disposal, such as smart phone apps, tablets, etc. We chose as the theme of our research the television show called 220 Volts, which aired 5 seasons, from 2011 to 2016. More specifically, we will work with one sketch (season 2, episode 9) by the character entitled Senhora dos Absurdos (Lady of Absurd, in a free translation). We can see in this character's speech all sorts of prejudice. She speaks against indians, black people, the obese, illiterates, elders and homosexuals, among other minorities. We will focus our attention particularly on the prejudice against women, men, indians and black people. Considering the relation between humor and prejudice found in Senhora dos Absurdos, our research question, therefore, is: how the discourse of a sketch which is considered humorous-prejudiced can create meaning relations towards a possible social critic? Our objective is to observe how discourses as found in the sketch which consists our corpus, besides aiming to be comical, can be used to legitimate social exclusion, even though they seek to promote a potential social critic. As an analytical bias, we will make use of the theory postulated by the Bakhtin Circle, especially with regard to the notions of dialogism, utterance, sociocultural voices, ideological sign, and genres of discourse. The Bakhtnian theory, along with notions coming from connected areas (such as humor, prejudice, intolerance and stereotypes) will provide us with the basis to answer the question above. The present research is in consonance with the methodological propositions presented by Voloch?nov in Marxism and Philosophy of Language ([1929] 2017, p. 220), observing the inevitable relation among utterance, genres of discourse and the discursive communication spheres, as to perceive the complex dialogical construction of meanings in the humorous-prejudiced discourse. As a result, we hope that, with our study, we can contribute to the understanding of humor and prejudice as a social critic, evidencing the various clashes of sociocultural voices that are engendered in the particular discourse chosen as the object of this research. / Consiste em objeto de nosso escrut?nio um esquete humor?stico-preconceituoso veiculado pelo canal de televis?o Multishow, mas que, de forma alternativa, tamb?m pode ser assistido via internet e outros meios digitais que se encontram ? disposi??o do telespectador (aplicativo de celular, tablete etc.). Elegemos para reflex?o nesta pesquisa um esquete do programa televisivo chamado 220 Volts, que foi ao ar em 5 temporadas, de 2011 a 2016. Mais especificamente, trabalharemos com um esquete da personagem intitulada Senhora dos Absurdos (temporada 2, epis?dio 9). Percebe-se na fala dessa personagem preconceito contra, dentre outros, ?ndios, negros, obesos, analfabetos, idosos e homossexuais. Considerando a rela??o entre humor e preconceito em a Senhora dos Absurdos, procuramos desenvolver a seguinte quest?o norteadora: como o discurso de um esquete considerado humor?sticopreconceituoso pode criar rela??es de sentido voltadas para uma poss?vel cr?tica social? Assim, temos como objetivo tratar do preconceito voltado contra a mulher, o homem, o ?ndio e o negro, buscando observar como discursos como o encontrado no esquete em quest?o, al?m de procurarem promover o humor, podem servir como legitima??o para a exclus?o, ainda que busquem apresentar uma poss?vel cr?tica social. Quanto ao referencial te?rico, esta pesquisa respalda-se nos estudos do C?rculo de Bakhtin, principalmente no que tange a no??es como dialogismo, enunciado, vozes socioculturais, signo ideol?gico e g?neros do discurso. Esse aporte te?rico, junto a no??es de ?reas conexas que tratam de humor, preconceito, intoler?ncia e estere?tipos, fornecem embasamento para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. No que se refere ? metodologia, a presente reflex?o segue as orienta??es de Voloch?nov ([1929] 2017, p. 220), quanto ? observa??o da indissoci?vel rela??o entre enunciado, g?nero do discurso e esfera de comunica??o discursiva, de modo a observar a complexa constru??o dial?gica de sentidos no discurso humor?stico-preconceituoso. Com os resultados da pesquisa, esperamos contribuir para a compreens?o do humor que tematiza o preconceito com vistas ? cr?tica social, tendo em vista os diversos embates de vozes socioculturais que se engendram no discurso focalizado.

Submitted by PPG Psicologia (psicologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-25T13:05:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEXANDRA_GARCIA_GRIGORIEFF_DIS.pdf: 1519106 bytes, checksum: c7756a759e9d7b61c550688d4e55fc1e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-11T18:22:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEXANDRA_GARCIA_GRIGORIEFF_DIS.pdf: 1519106 bytes, checksum: c7756a759e9d7b61c550688d4e55fc1e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T18:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEXANDRA_GARCIA_GRIGORIEFF_DIS.pdf: 1519106 bytes, checksum: c7756a759e9d7b61c550688d4e55fc1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-05 / This Dissertation has allowed exploring the singular psychic disinvestments and investments process, inherent to the migratory experience of Haitian subjects who have come to Brazil after the earthquake which occurred in Haiti in 2010. Through presentation of Haiti history elements and the Haitian migratory process, it have been illustrated the psychic challenges that have been embraced to the subject in this process of human displacement. The Dissertation is composed by two study sections about the Haitian migration theme, being both of them of a qualitative mark. The first section, which is theoretical-clinical, is entitled as ?Singulars displacements in migrate? psychic experience?; and the second section, which is empiric, is called ?Haitian migration: the subject face the (re)union with the excess?. In the theoretical-clinical section, it has been intended to explore the psychic conditions of the migrant subject, as well as to approach the relevant attention directed to him. It has been depicted, in this section, aspects that allow identifying risks due to the vulnerability psychic condition present in this phenomena. The empiric section has provided a reflection about the complex motivations which sustain the migratory movement, as well as has approached the existence and/or the fragility of the confrontation resources by the migrant subject, considering that the conditions in the destination country end up, sometimes, reediting the helplessness that has been already experienced in the home country. All the participants of the study live over a year in Brazil and have participated of two individual and semi-structured interviews. The obtained data have been analyzed by the Interpretative Analysis proposed by Erickson (1997), and have been explored with Psychoanalysis? theoretical contributions. The empiric section is composed by the formulation of two Assertions which contemplate a reflection about the psychic disinvestments and investments complexity process inherent to the migration process. The first Assertion is entitled as ?The singular unrest in the confrontation of intra-psychic and inter-subjective demands?, and the second Assertion, 15 denominated as ?The excess summary in different times of (dis)illusion?. It is considered that the listening modality that has been offered during the research has provided attention and care conditions to what tend, sometimes, to be excluded of the knowledge production in the scientific scope about the migration process. In this sense, one of the contributions stemming this research refers to the highlight attributed to the psychic and subjective aspects, so that the interventions in the field of migratory phenomena can increasingly consider the migrant subject in his complexity. / Esta Disserta??o possibilitou explorar os singulares processos de desinvestimentos e investimentos ps?quicos inerentes ? experi?ncia migrat?ria de sujeitos haitianos que vieram para o Brasil ap?s o terremoto ocorrido no Haiti em 2010. Por meio da apresenta??o de elementos da hist?ria do Haiti e do processo de migra?ao haitiana, ilustrou-se os desafios ps?quicos impostos ao sujeito nesse processo de deslocamento humano. A Disserta??o ? composta por duas se??es de estudo sobre a tem?tica da migra??o haitiana, sendo ambas de cunho qualitativo. A primeira se??o, te?rico-cl?nica, intitula-se ?Singulares deslocamentos na experi?ncia ps?quica de migrar?; e a segunda se??o, emp?rica, ? denominada ?Migra??o haitiana: o sujeito frente ao (re)encontro com o excesso?. Na se??o te?rico-cl?nica buscouse explorar as condi??es ps?quicas do sujeito migrante, bem como abordar a relev?ncia da aten??o direcionada ao mesmo. Retratou-se, nessa se??o, aspectos que permitem identificar riscos decorrentes da condi??o de vulnerabilidade ps?quica presente nesse fen?meno. A se??o emp?rica proporcionou uma reflex?o a respeito das complexas motiva??es que sustentam o movimento migrat?rio, bem como abordou a exist?ncia e/ou a fragilidade dos recursos de enfrentamento por parte do sujeito migrante, considerando-se que as condi??es do pa?s de destino acabam, por vezes, reeditando o desamparo j? experimentado no pa?s de origem. Todos os participantes do estudo residiam no Brasil h? mais de um ano e participaram de duas entrevistas individuais e semidirigidas. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio da An?lise Interpretativa, proposta por Erickson (1997), e explorados com contribui??es te?ricas da Psican?lise. A se??o emp?rica ? composta pela formula??o de duas Asser??es, que contemplam a reflex?o sobre a complexidade de processos de desinvestimentos e investimentos ps?quicos inerentes ? experi?ncia migrat?ria. A primeira Asser??o ? intitulada ?O singular mal-estar no enfrentamento de demandas intraps?quicas e intersubjetivas?, e a segunda Asser??o, ? denominada ?O somat?rio de excessos nos diferentes tempos de 13 (des)ilus?o?. Considera-se que a modalidade de escuta ofertada na pesquisa propiciou condi??es de aten??o e cuidado ?quilo que, por vezes, tende a ser exclu?do da produ??o de conhecimento no ?mbito cientifico sobre o processo migrat?rio. Nessa perspectiva, uma das contribui??es decorrente desta pesquisa refere-se ao destaque atribu?do aos aspectos ps?quicos e subjetivos, para que cada vez mais as interven?oes no campo de fen?menos migrat?rios possam considerar o sujeito migrante em sua complexidade.

Submitted by PPG Educa??o em Ci?ncias e Matem?tica (educem-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-02T12:31:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_LUCIANA_RICHTER.pdf: 8649070 bytes, checksum: 7503531d3338a8f1a27be578e19cc2b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-11T12:26:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_LUCIANA_RICHTER.pdf: 8649070 bytes, checksum: 7503531d3338a8f1a27be578e19cc2b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T12:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_LUCIANA_RICHTER.pdf: 8649070 bytes, checksum: 7503531d3338a8f1a27be578e19cc2b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / In this thesis, we investigate what evidence is available in the selected studies that relate neurosciences and education which may be used by teachers in order to enhance students learning. Thus, the research goal was to understand how these researches favor the teaching practice aiming at students learning. For this, it was carried out a qualitative meta-analysis whose data were treated under Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). These research data were collected from four electronic databases. The 54 articles selected were from Portal de Peri?dicos da Capes and Google Acad?mico. The 4 doctoral dissertations and 12 master thesis were from Banco de Teses Capes and from Banco Digital Brasileiro de Teses e Disserta??es. The temporal limitation of this study was February 2016 considering the three databases and until June 2017 to Google Acad?mico. From the process of Discursive Textual Analysis of the 417 sense units, there have been emerged three categories: (i) Indicators of Neuroscience for Pedagogical Practice; (ii) Neuroscience in the Teacher Education; and (iii) Neuroscience Context Deliberations for Educational and Research Environments. Through the analysis, it was possible to support that the relation between neuroscience and education, in order to contribute to the students learning process, depends on the articulation of the indicators for pedagogical practices, on the teachers education, on the teachers interpretation concerning neuroscientific findings and on their interaction with neuroscientists. The results allow us to support that teachers can use Neuroscience knowledge in order to enhance students learning. In addition, Neuroscience and Education approaches under qualitative meta-analysis have allowed us to recognize achievable precious interaction between these areas, since the knowledge exchange can contribute to teaching practice, student learning and also to the production of new knowledge by means of research. / Nesta tese, buscou-se investigar quais s?o as evid?ncias dispon?veis nos estudos selecionados que relacionam neuroci?ncias e educa??o as quais possam ser utilizadas por docentes a fim de potencializar as aprendizagens dos estudantes. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral foi compreender como essas pesquisas favorecem a pr?tica docente visando ? aprendizagem dos estudantes. Para tal, realizou-se uma metan?lise qualitativa, cujos dados foram tratados por meio de An?lise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Os dados para composi??o dessa investiga??o foram coletados em quatro bases eletr?nicas, sendo a proced?ncia dos 54 artigos selecionados o Portal de Peri?dicos Capes e o Google Acad?mico e das 4 teses e 12 disserta??es o Banco de Teses Capes e o Banco Digital Brasileiro de Teses e Disserta??es. A limita??o temporal do estudo foi at? fevereiro de 2016 em tr?s bases e as do Google Acad?mico at? junho de 2017. Do processo de An?lise Textual Discursiva, das 417 unidades de sentido, emergiram tr?s categorias, a saber: (i) Indicadores Procedentes da Neuroci?ncia para Pr?tica Pedag?gica; (ii) A Neuroci?ncia na Forma??o de Profissionais; e (iii) As Delibera??es do Campo da Neuroci?ncia para os Contextos Educacional e de Pesquisa. Por meio da an?lise, foi poss?vel afirmar que a aproxima??o entre neuroci?ncia e educa??o com o intuito de contribuir com a aprendizagem dos estudantes depende da articula??o dos indicadores para a pr?tica pedag?gica, da forma??o docente e da rela??o dos docentes com os achados neurocient?ficos e suas intera??es com os neurocientistas. Os resultados do estudo permitem sustentar a tese de que os professores podem valer-se de conhecimentos disponibilizados pela neuroci?ncia a fim de potencializarem as aprendizagens dos estudantes. Ademais, as aproxima??es entre neuroci?ncia e educa??o por meio da metan?lise qualitativa, permitiram vislumbrar o potencial da preciosa intera??o entre as ?reas, pois a complementa??o de saberes pode contribuir com a pr?tica docente, a aprendizagem discente e, tamb?m, com a produ??o de novos conhecimentos por meio de pesquisa.

Submitted by PPG Servi?o Social (servico-social-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-18T14:01:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Monique Bronzoni Damascena.pdf: 2361856 bytes, checksum: 57920cf9d5af0bbc6df5e95dc870205e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T11:12:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Monique Bronzoni Damascena.pdf: 2361856 bytes, checksum: 57920cf9d5af0bbc6df5e95dc870205e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T11:20:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Monique Bronzoni Damascena.pdf: 2361856 bytes, checksum: 57920cf9d5af0bbc6df5e95dc870205e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The labor is incorporated into the market society as a manner to accumulate wealth and, accordingly, all the social structure is oriented to the social relationships which arise from the capitalist system. As a consequence, the right to work in Brazil has been regulated by the mutual interaction between such social relation and the social structure of the economic system. Attempting to explain this social phenomenon, this thesis aims to realize a Marxian analysis on it, utilizing to do so the dialectic-critic method. After bringing the essence of the labor into the picture, the study was able to explain how the labor constitutes itself as wealth to the economic system, its regulation as a social right, and its execution through social programs focused on the productive inclusion. The performed analysis was based on quantitative-qualitative bibliography research, which included several academic works on the subject. From such analysis, some conclusions can be inferred: a) the essence of the labor was kept apart from the social being, thereby benefiting the values of the abstract labor but imposing to the human personality development a considerable disadvantage. b) the type of labor which is capable of generating wealth directly is the productive labor, whereas the one which generates it indirectly is the unproductive labor. c) the right to work, considering its wider sense, is partially guaranteed. d) the guarantee of having labor as a social right does not impose itself on the right of accumulate wealth. e) the right to work regulation in Brazil is mainly determined by relations involving paid employment (labor right). f) the right of work provided by the state offers minimal conditions for labor, subsistence, and consumption. g) the actions related to the right of work, at the collective level and aiming social promotion, are guaranteed in laws and government programs oriented to professional qualification. h) the actions of productive inclusion are not sufficient to guarantee minimal conditions of subsistence and they do not ensure the reduction of social and income inequality. After facing such conclusions, this work suggests as resistive measures to this context, the understanding of the limits of the state, the government, and the right to work. These limits point out new frontiers that might be explored by revolutionary processes within the market society, which are typically presented as illegitimate, illegal, or even unfair. / O trabalho ? incorporado ? sociedade de mercado como meio de ac?mulo de riquezas, e toda a estrutura social est? direcionada ?s rela??es sociais criadas e recriadas sobre o sistema econ?mico capitalista. Diante disso, o direito ao trabalho no Brasil tem sido determinado pelo conjunto dessa rela??o com a estrutura de sociedade do sistema econ?mico. Para explicar esse fen?meno social, o estudo prop?s-se ? realiza??o de uma an?lise marxiana, com grau de import?ncia no m?todo dial?tico-cr?tico. Com o estudo foi poss?vel explicar, a partir da ess?ncia do trabalho, a sua constitui??o como riqueza para o sistema econ?mico, sua normatiza??o como direito social e sua a??o por meio das pol?ticas sociais que visam ? inclus?o produtiva. Para tal, o tipo de pesquisa realizada foi a bibliogr?fica, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, atrav?s do levantamento de produ??es acad?micas sobre o tema. Disso, abstraem-se algumas conclus?es: a) a ess?ncia do trabalho foi apartada do ser social, o que deixou em profunda desvantagem o desenvolvimento da personalidade humana em benef?cio dos valores do trabalho abstrato; b) o trabalho que gera ac?mulo de riquezas diretamente ? o trabalho produtivo e indiretamente o improdutivo; c) o direito ao trabalho no seu sentido ampliado ? garantido parcialmente; d) a garantia do trabalho como direito social n?o ? sobreposto ao da acumula??o de riquezas; e) a normatiza??o do direito ao trabalho no Brasil est? essencialmente pautada nas rela??es de trabalho assalariado (direito do trabalho); f) o Estado oferece como direito ao trabalho as m?nimas condi??es para a execu??o do trabalho abstrato e produtivo, e as m?nimas condi??es de sobreviv?ncia e consumo para as demais classes econ?micas de trabalhadores; g) as a??es que visam o direito ao trabalho, no ?mbito coletivo e da promo??o social, est?o garantidas em leis infraconstitucionais e em a??es de programas de governo, com enfoque na qualifica??o profissional; h) as a??es de inclus?o produtiva s?o insuficientes para garantir as condi??es m?nimas de sobreviv?ncia e n?o asseguram a diminui??o da desigualdade de renda e social. Diante dessas conclus?es, prop?s-se como resist?ncia a esse contexto, a apreens?o dos pontos limites do Estado, do Direito e do direito ao trabalho. Esses limites apontam as fronteiras que podem ser exploradas por processos realmente revolucion?rios dentro da sociedade de mercado, apresentados, a partir da dimens?o ideol?gica hegem?nica, como ileg?timos, ilegais e injustos.

Submitted by PPG Administra??o e Neg?cios (ppgad@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-08T21:25:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FELIPE_LANDO_DIS.pdf: 2838422 bytes, checksum: 15b05b2b42b52156f0bd35a25909076f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-19T12:44:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FELIPE_LANDO_DIS.pdf: 2838422 bytes, checksum: 15b05b2b42b52156f0bd35a25909076f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-19T13:02:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FELIPE_LANDO_DIS.pdf: 2838422 bytes, checksum: 15b05b2b42b52156f0bd35a25909076f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Complex sociotechnical systems are those where humans need to handle with variabilities and adapt their operations to maintain acceptable levels of efficiency and thoroughness. Hospitals of complete care are examples of such systems, due to its necessities of highly specialized work force, the use of intensive wealth and technology. These organizations are characterized by their external and internal variabilities. The external variabilities are, in a hospital, the climate changes, the unknown diseases and the uncertainty in the quantity and necessities of the incoming patients. In the other side, the internal variabilities are related to the resource management, the time and results pressure and the conflicting goals. Due to that, losses are created and reflect on efficiency and thoroughness performances. The literature has driven researches in sociotechnical systems seeking to analyze their activities. The FRAM method is being used as a tool to model and analyze those activities. In this way, the aim of this research is to characterize a complex sociotechnical system in relation to its variabilities, conflicting goals, and wastes in the activities and its relations with the system?s integrated operations. To do that, we took as the analyzed object, the average length of stay of patients in the Brazilian public health (SUS) hospitalization of a University hospital. The beginning of the analysis is the discharge of a patient in an entry unit to the hospitalization. The end of the analysis is the final discharge of the patient and the preparing of its bed to another patient. The hospitalization system seems to be good to a study that aims to analyze variabilities, because it represents a significant amount of the challenges of a hospital and it is inside the boundaries of a tractable study. The explorative and qualitative inquiry method and the FRAM modeling allowed the identification of a 66-function model that represents the hospitalization system. From this model, we selected three instantiations for the further analysis. These instantiations were selected because represented a significative amount of wastes when analyzed through the lens of Lean Systems. The model and instantiations generated an inventory of wastes, ETTOs and variabilities. The analysis was conducted in a way to identify were decision-makers must choose between production and protection. These decision points are characterized by presenting resonant variabilities in the system, which generates wastes in other functions (e.g. waiting, inappropriate processing, etc.). Therefore, looking for Integrated Operations, we tried to identify points of the system?s structure that could influence those variabilities and wastes. The main theoretical contribution of this research is the proposition of a method to investigate wastes, ETTOs and variabilities associated to functions in a FRAM modeling. We also propose a new approach of analyzing integrated operations in a FRAM modeling. In the same way, pragmatic contributions pointed out to the need of a better resource management in the hospital. This could make the system?s activities more efficient without interfering in its resilience. Future studies could reply this method in other contexts looking for validation. Deeping the data gathering in the researched hospital could result in better understanding of each essential function identified. Furthermore, replying this research in other Hospital could lead to recommendations in the contractual level of the Public Health Services (SUS). / Sistemas sociot?cnicos complexos s?o sistemas onde seres humanos necessitam lidar com variabilidades e adaptar suas opera??es de forma a manter n?veis satisfat?rios de efici?ncia e cuidado. Hospitais de atendimento completo s?o um exemplo de tais sistemas dadas suas necessidades de m?o de obra altamente especializada, utiliza??o de tecnologia e capital intensivo. Tais organiza??es s?o caracterizadas por apresentarem variabilidades externas, como varia??es clim?ticas, patologias pouco conhecidas e imprecis?o da quantidade de pacientes que ir?o necessitar de atendimento hospitalar; e variabilidades internas, relacionadas ? gest?o dos recursos escassos, ? press?o por tempo e produ??o e aos conflitos de metas. Essas variabilidades causam perdas que refletem em sua performance de seguran?a e efici?ncia. A literatura tem apontado caminhos de pesquisa em sistemas sociot?cnicos complexos por meio da an?lise das atividades de tais sistemas. Para isso, a ferramenta FRAM tem sido usada como forma de modelar tais atividades e analis?-las. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar um sistema sociot?cnico complexo com rela??o a suas variabilidades, seus conflitos de metas, as perdas ocorridas nas atividades e a rela??o disso com suas opera??es integradas. Para isso, tomou-se como objeto de estudo o tempo de perman?ncia de interna??o de pacientes do SUS em um hospital universit?rio. O sistema de interna??o hospitalar se mostrou adequado para um estudo de an?lise da variabilidade por representar uma amostra significativa dos desafios de um hospital e estar dentro dos limites trat?veis para um estudo dessa natureza. O m?todo qualitativo, explorat?rio e a modelagem FRAM permitiram a identifica??o de 66 fun??es do sistema de interna??o. Do modelo representativo das atividades desse sistema, tr?s instancia??es foram destacadas para as an?lises do trabalho. As instancia??es selecionadas foram as que mais apresentaram desperd?cios, analisados pela ?tica das perdas do Sistema Toyota de Produ??o. As modelagens e as instancia??es geraram invent?rios com as perdas, ETTOs e variabilidades associadas ?s fun??es. As an?lises foram conduzidas de forma a identificar pontos onde a estrutura do sistema faz com que os gestores tomem decis?es conflitantes (entre produ??o e prote??o). Esses pontos de decis?o se caracterizam por apresentar variabilidades ressonantes no sistema que, por sua vez, geram desperd?cios em outras fun??es (e.g. espera, processamento inapropriado, entre outros). Posteriormente, sob uma ?tica de Opera??es Integradas, buscou-se identificar como a estrutura operacional do sistema poderia estar influenciando essas variabilidades, desperd?cios e conflitos de metas. A principal contribui??o te?rica deste trabalho ? a proposi??o de um m?todo para inventariar perdas, conflitos de metas e variabilidades associadas a fun??es de uma modelagem FRAM. Tamb?m, contribuiu-se com uma nova aproxima??o ? modelagem FRAM como uma ferramenta para a an?lise de opera??es integradas. Da mesma forma, contribui??es pr?ticas apontam para a necessidade de melhor gest?o dos recursos do hospital, de forma a tornar as atividades mais eficientes, por?m sem interferir nos pontos de resili?ncia do sistema. Ficam como sugest?es de futuros estudos a replica??o do m?todo em outros contextos como forma de valida??o; o aprofundamento das coletas de dados no hospital pesquisado; e a replica??o em outros hospitais para gerar recomenda??es a n?vel de gest?o e contratualiza??o do SUS.

Submitted by PPG Educa??o em Ci?ncias e Matem?tica (educem-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-11T14:05:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_BIBLIOTECA-Gabriela-delord.pdf: 13730373 bytes, checksum: d274eb7f0230f266ae20af1a737480c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-15T11:34:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_BIBLIOTECA-Gabriela-delord.pdf: 13730373 bytes, checksum: d274eb7f0230f266ae20af1a737480c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-15T11:40:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_BIBLIOTECA-Gabriela-delord.pdf: 13730373 bytes, checksum: d274eb7f0230f266ae20af1a737480c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / La investigaci?n se centra en la reflexi?n sobre los obst?culos ideol?gicos que impiden que las propuestas innovadoras en la Ense?aza de las Ciencias sean implementadas con ?xito, y de forma generalizada, en el contexto de la ense?anza tradicional. Para ello, se analiza el discurso de la teor?a del Proyecto IRES y el discurso de los profesores que aplican ?sta en algunas escuelas p?blicas. Es a partir de la teor?a del An?lisis del Discurso propuesta por Michel P?cheux (1969) que se analizan los obst?culos ideol?gicos existentes entre las pr?cticas innovadoras y las tradicionales. Al final, llegamos a la conclusi?n de que el cambio escolar no s?lo depende de las buenas pr?cticas de ense?anza, sino tambi?n de la necesidad de un nuevo discurso pedag?gico ideol?gico, que de consistencia a las propuestas innovadoras en la Ense?anza de las Ciencias. / This work investigated the existence of ideological obstacles that prevent innovative proposals in the field of science education from projects, models, didactic methods and educational theories to be successfully and widely implemented in the traditional context of teaching. For this, the innovative proposal of the IRES Project was analyzed, both its theory and its application by teachers in different schools. It is from the Theory of Discourse Analysis, proposed by Michel P?cheux (1969), that we reveal the ideological obstacles between innovative practice and traditional practice. In the end, we conclude that school innovation does not depend only on the application of good pedagogical practices, but on the need for a new ideological pedagogical discourse, in order to meet the perspectives of innovative proposals for Science Teaching. / Esse trabalho investigou a exist?ncia de obst?culos ideol?gicos que impedem que propostas inovadoras no ?mbito do Ensino de Ci?ncias advindas de projetos, modelos, m?todos did?ticos e teorias educacionais sejam implementadas, com ?xito e de forma generalizada, no contexto tradicional de ensino. Para isso, analisou-se a proposta inovadora do Projeto IRES, tanto sua teoria quanto sua aplica??o por docentes em distintas escolas. ? a partir da Teoria da An?lise do Discurso, proposta por Michel P?cheux (1969), que revelamos os obst?culos ideol?gicos existentes entre pr?tica inovadora e pr?tica tradicional. Ao final, conclu?mos que a inova??o escolar n?o depende s? da aplica??o de boas pr?ticas pedag?gicas, mas da necessidade de um novo discurso pedag?gico ideol?gico, a fim de atender as perspectivas das propostas inovadoras para o Ensino de Ci?ncias.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-07-12T22:04:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese vers?o final com ficha.pdf: 2919026 bytes, checksum: e0cf3c8db3a8cc81cb105cb2fbb154b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-12T22:04:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese vers?o final com ficha.pdf: 2919026 bytes, checksum: e0cf3c8db3a8cc81cb105cb2fbb154b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The flavonoid rutin (3-0-rutinos?deo-quercetin) stands out among the natural products as a promising alternative in the fight against degenerative diseases and related to aging. However, the low solubility and stability thereof in different media, especially lipophilic limited applications in pharmaceutical preparations. The biocatalytic transformation by enzymatic acylation has been suggested by several authors, with good reaction yields. In this sense, the objective of this study was to promote the enzymatic acylation of rutin, using castor oil as acylating agent and lipase as a catalyst, to characterize the formed product, estimate the efficiency of bioconversion, and to investigate in vitro the antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect opposite the reaction product Vero cells. The catalytic transformation occurred at 50?C for 120 hours. The product was subjected to column chromatography, followed by filtration by Sephadex LH-20. The chemical structure of rutin-O-ricinoleate was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 1H and 13C and by liquid chromatography / mass spectroscopy (HPLC/MS). In another experiment, it was observed the formation of the ester content by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a detector diode arrangements (HPLC-DAD) under conditions which allow assessing the reaction yield over 120 hours. The analytical method proposed has been validated considering the linearity parameters, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification and detection proved to be suitable for quantification of ricinoleato rutin. It was found by this method that the reaction product maintained the antioxidant capacity of rutin and there was no evidence of cytotoxicity. / O flavonoide rutina (quercetina-3-0-rutinos?deo) se destaca entre os produtos naturais como uma alternativa promissora no combate ?s doen?as degenerativas e relacionadas ao envelhecimento. No entanto, a baixa solubilidade e estabilidade da mesma em diferentes meios, especialmente lipof?licos, limitam as aplica??es em prepara??es farmac?uticas. A transforma??o biocatal?tica, atrav?s da acila??o enzim?tica, tem sido sugerida por diversos autores, com bons rendimentos reacionais. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi promover a acila??o enzim?tica da rutina, utilizando ?leo de mamona como agente acilante e lipase como catalizador, caracterizar o produto formado, estimar o rendimento da bioconvers?o, al?m de investigar in vitro a atividade antioxidante e o efeito citot?xico do produto reacional frente ?s c?lulas Vero. A transforma??o catal?tica ocorreu em temperatura de 50?C, durante 120 horas. O produto foi submetido ? cromatografia em coluna, seguida de filtra??o por Sephadex LH-20. A estrutura qu?mica da rutina-O-ricinoleato, foi determinada por Resson?ncia Magn?tica Nuclear (RMN) 1H e de 13C e por cromatografia l?quida/espectroscopia de massas (CLAE/EM). Em outro experimento, foi verificado o teor de forma??o do ?ster por Cromatografia ? L?quidos de Alta Efici?ncia acoplado a um detector de arranjos Diodos (CLAE-DAD), em condi??es que permitiram avaliar o rendimento reacional ao longo de 120 horas. O m?todo anal?tico proposto foi validado considerando os par?metros de linearidade, exatid?o, precis?o, Limites de quantifica??o e de detec??o mostrando-se adequado para a quantifica??o da rutina ricinoleato. Verificou-se pelos m?todos avaliados, que o produto reacional manteve a capacidade antioxidante da rutina e que n?o houve evid?ncia de citotoxicidade.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-04-11T23:14:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta?ao-para-Ezy-CD.pdf: 5851405 bytes, checksum: 59dd6124d876dfec527c1287876f6a13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T23:14:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta?ao-para-Ezy-CD.pdf: 5851405 bytes, checksum: 59dd6124d876dfec527c1287876f6a13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-16 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The present study is related to a research that aims to analyze the woman?s discursive construction in job market from Exame magazine. Throughout this theme, it is intended to resume the senses that permeate the woman?s standard and its relation with the job market, form her representation on Exame magazine, which is a business magazine, aimed to debate questions concerning career, business and also economy. From this analysis, it is possible to inquire how the woman?s image is discursively constructed in public and private spaces, thus, this study is important in order to understand what being ?woman? is on marketing environment and how her image circulates socially. The theory is based on P?cheux Discourse Analysis, especially Orlandi?s (2010) and P?cheux?s (1997; 2002). Therefore, some categories are theoretically relevant for this work, such as ?pre-said? marks about women on professional environment which constitute the interdiscourse, as well as the ideological and discursive formations on which they are represented on Exame magazine. Based on the selected corpus, from the magazine it is highlighted imaginary and written texts that circulate in Brazil and show a certain image of the ?woman?, observing how the woman is discursively characterized in business environment, in which, until some time ago, it was essentially masculinized. Even if the woman is inserted in the business environment, her discursive construction is still masculine, as shown here later with the data analysis. So, it is possible to observe the tension between leadership and the social role as housewife and mother given to the woman, and, at the same time, the difference between men and women, putting them in different places in society. This way, observing that no discourse comes from nowhere and isolated, but always based on something previous, about the women, for instance, it can be traced back from the Bible, so these ?pre-said? statements echo in discourses brought by these magazines, bringing along gestures of the interdiscourse, the pre-said about the women in their work relation. The partial results point to the tension about the mother, housewife and businesswoman spaces, built by these magazines. This will help adding a masculinization of the women?s figure when she stands in a leadership position. / Este estudo refere-se a uma pesquisa que busca analisar a constru??o discursiva da Mulher, no mercado de trabalho, a partir da revista Exame. Atrav?s deste tema, pretende-se retomar os sentidos que permeiam o modelo de mulher e a sua rela??o com o mercado de trabalho, a partir da representa??o da mesma, na Revista Exame, que ? uma revista de cunho empresarial, direcionada a debater quest?es relativas ? carreira, neg?cios e economia. A partir dessa an?lise, ser? poss?vel inquirir como ocorre a constru??o discursiva da imagem da mulher nos espa?os p?blicos e privados, sendo tal estudo, portanto, importante para a compreens?o do que ? ser ?mulher? no ?mbito mercadol?gico, e de como a sua imagem circula, socialmente. O escopo te?rico est? centrado na An?lise de Discurso pecheutiana, tendo como base os estudos de Orlandi (2010) e P?cheux (1997 2002). Desse modo, algumas categorias, tais como as marcas dos j? ditos sobre as mulheres no ambiente profissional, que constituem o interdiscurso, bem como as forma??es discursivas e ideol?gicas, nas quais as mesmas s?o representadas na revista Exame, s?o de relev?ncia te?rica para esse projeto. Com base no corpus selecionado, atrav?s da Revista Exame, destacamos textos escritos e imag?ticos que circulam no Brasil e que revelam uma dada imagem da ?Mulher?, observando o modo como a mesma ? caracterizada discursivamente num ambiente empresarial que, at? pouco tempo atr?s, era essencialmente masculino. Vale ressaltar ainda que, apesar de ser colocada no espa?o empresarial, prevalece, em rela??o ? mulher, uma constru??o discursiva masculinizada, como ser? poss?vel observar na an?lise dos dados. Assim, ? poss?vel observar a tens?o entre a lideran?a e o papel atribu?do socialmente ? mulher como dona de casa e m?e, e, ao mesmo tempo, a diferencia??o entre homens e mulheres, colocando-os em lugares diferentes na sociedade. Dessa forma, observando que nenhum discurso surge aleatoriamente de modo completamente isolado, mas sempre a partir de um j? dito, de uma rede de pr??constru?dos, procura-se, ent?o, observar a forma como os j?-ditos sobre a mulher (que podem ser identificados, discursivamente, desde a escritura da B?blia) ecoam nos discursos veiculados por tais revistas, trazendo em si gestos do interdiscurso, do j? dito sobre a mulher em sua rela??o com o trabalho. Os resultados apontam para a tens?o do espa?o de m?e, dona de casa e empres?ria, constru?da nessas revistas, al?m de uma masculiniza??o da figura da mulher, quando ela ocupa cargos de chefia.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-07-18T22:40:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Azev?do, Jeany_Disserta??o_2018.pdf: 10853351 bytes, checksum: 061f9998e7376cdc18f8316f8bb1c1a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T22:40:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Azev?do, Jeany_Disserta??o_2018.pdf: 10853351 bytes, checksum: 061f9998e7376cdc18f8316f8bb1c1a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-08 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The present research constitutes a study about the discursive construction of feminine work based on written and imagetic texts published in Jornal das Mo?as (fifties of the twentieth century) and Claudia (from 2010 to 2015 of the twenty-first century) magazines. These magazines for women talk about subjects considered important to this public in their determined conditions of production. This theme is relevant because of the necessity of observing how it is constructed the discourse about women and work as well as it provides the opportunity to comprehend the reason why some discourses about the position women can/have to occupy in the society are reproduced/silenced nowadays, mainly concerning outdoor work. The theoretical scope of the research is centered on P?cheux?s Discourse Analyses, specially the studies of Orlandi (2007, 2015) and P?cheux (1993, 2006). Thus, some basic assumptions of this theory are relevant to this study, such as: imaginary, discursive and ideological formations, which guide what it is said about women in the magazines analyzed, as well as the already-said about women that composes the interdiscourse. Based on the corpus selected from Jornal das Mo?as and Claudia magazines, it was observed the discursive sequences and imagetic which relate women and work, applying the theoretic-methodological apparatus of P?cheux?s Discourse Analysis to this data. It is important to highlight that the results show that there is a difference on the construction of women in the magazines. While the publications from the fifties discursed women at home and in some professions which were in extension of the housework, Claudia magazine modifies the bias showing women in many professions, but still struggling for salary equality and for respect and appreciation when they occupy leadership positions in the companies. Although it is important to highlight that even when discursing the woman in different positions, the magazine, in the analyzed material, still give more emphasis to mother, wife and housewife positions, showing that the already-said about women from the most remote periods still resound in nowadays discourses, indicating that there is a tension between work and maternity. / O presente trabalho constitui-se em um estudo sobre a constru??o discursiva do trabalho feminino a partir de textos escritos e imag?ticos publicados nas revistas Jornal das Mo?as (anos 50 do s?c. XX) e Claudia (dos anos 2010 a 2015 do s?c. XXI). As revistas femininas tratam de assuntos ditos importantes para esse p?blico em suas determinadas condi??es de produ??o. Esse tema ? relevante devido ? necessidade de observarmos como ocorre a constru??o do discurso sobre a mulher e sobre o trabalho e de compreendermos por que alguns discursos s?o reproduzidos/silenciados atualmente sobre o espa?o que a mulher pode/deve ocupar na sociedade, principalmente no que diz respeito ao trabalho fora de casa. O escopo te?rico desta pesquisa est? centrado na An?lise de Discurso Pecheutiana, tendo como base os estudos de Orlandi (2007; 2015) e P?cheux (1993; 2006). Assim, alguns pressupostos b?sicos dessa teoria s?o importantes para este estudo, tais como: as forma??es imagin?rias, discursivas e ideol?gicas que norteiam os dizeres sobre as mulheres nessas revistas e os j?-ditos sobre elas que comp?em o interdiscurso. Com base no corpus selecionado das revistas Jornal das Mo?as e Claudia, observamos as sequ?ncias discursivas e imag?ticas que relacionam mulher e trabalho e aplicamos o aparato te?rico-metodol?gico da An?lise de Discurso pecheutiana a esses dados. Importa destacar que os resultados mostram que h? uma diferen?a na constru??o da imagem da mulher nessas duas revistas. Enquanto as publica??es da d?cada de 50 discursivizam a mulher no lar e em algumas profiss?es que representam uma extens?o do trabalho dom?stico, a revista Claudia modifica um pouco o vi?s mostrando a mulher em v?rias profiss?es, mas ainda enfrentando a luta pela igualdade salarial e pelo respeito e valoriza??o quando ocupam posi??es de lideran?a nas empresas. Por?m vale ressaltar que, mesmo discursivizando a mulher nos v?rios espa?os, a revista, no material analisado, ainda d? mais ?nfase ao papel de m?e, esposa e dona de casa, mostrando que os j?-ditos sobre a mulher nas mais remotas ?pocas ainda ressoam nos discursos hodiernos, indicando que h? uma tens?o entre o trabalho e a maternidade.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-07-30T22:40:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O.pdf: 1316583 bytes, checksum: 0582c31a991b144308075bbdd8afab25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-30T22:40:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O.pdf: 1316583 bytes, checksum: 0582c31a991b144308075bbdd8afab25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / This work aims to analyze how music spreads ideologies about being a woman. In order to do it we will identify the discursive formations about woman in Brazilian Popular Music (MPB) and Pagode from Bahia state. This subject is relevant because it is necessary to problematize the construction of stereotypes about women through discourses reproduced/silenced nowadays about women and their role in the society. For this, two musical genres were analyzed: pagode and MPB, aiming to discuss the way the discourses about femininity circulate in these songs as well as the discursive and ideological formations which permeate the construction of senses. The research also aims to identify the already-said about women materialized in the songs which were analyzed and discuss the notion of music and woman under French Discourse Analysis, especially P?cheux?s perspective. According to DA, the subject of the discourse is social, historically determined and, therefore, ideologically subjected and also affected by the unconscious, so, subject and sense are constituted in the discourse as the subject takes on in his/her saying/writing the subject-positions from the discourse he/she articulates, which carries marks of the social, historic and ideological. Although, the sense of the word or the image enunciated seems to be evident e, because of this, the necessity of the subject?s interpretation gestures is erased/inconsiderate. So, it is necessary to comprehend the text?s conditions of production (the subjects, the ideology, the memory and the situations). Thus, the music becomes interaction, meaning, a relation between subjects who share a common point of view which defines an object from a similar perspective, in the case of the analyzed song letters, being a woman constitutes a necessary point to a critical reading concerning the image of woman in some musical genres. So, the results of the analysis show that, although women have obtained many achievements in the society, they are still discursed in some song letters as submissive, they are seen as housewives, mothers, who have to take care about the children, husband and chores or even are seen as an object, which serves only for male delight and pleasure. / Neste trabalho pretende-se analisar o modo como a m?sica difunde ideologias sobre o ser mulher. Identificaremos para isso as forma??es discursivas sobre a mulher nas m?sicas de MPB e Pagode baiano. A relev?ncia do tema se d? pela necessidade de problematizar o modo como a imagem da mulher constru?da, atrav?s de discursos reproduzidos/silenciados, atualmente, bem como o seu papel na sociedade. Para isso, foi feita a an?lise de dois g?neros musicais: o pagode e a MPB, e buscou-se discutir os modos como os discursos sobre a feminilidade circulam nessas can??es e as forma??es discursivas e ideol?gicas, que permeiam a constru??o de sentidos. Tamb?m ? pretendido identificar os j?-ditos sobre a mulher materializados nas m?sicas analisadas ? luz da An?lise de Discurso (AD) de Linha Francesa, mais precisamente, de orienta??o pecheutiana. Na AD, o sujeito do discurso ? social, determinado, historicamente e, por conseguinte, assujeitado ideologicamente e afetado pelo inconsciente, assim sujeito e sentido s?o/est?o constitu?dos no discurso ? medida que o sujeito assume em seu dizer/escrever as posi??es-sujeito pr?prias do discurso que articula, as quais carregam marcas do social, do ideol?gico e do hist?rico. Mas o sentido da palavra ou da imagem enunciada se apresenta como evidente e, por isso, apaga-se/desconsidera-se a necessidade do gesto de interpreta??o do sujeito. Logo, ? preciso compreender as condi??es de produ??o (os sujeitos, a ideologia, a mem?ria e as situa??es) desse texto. Desse modo m?sica se transforma em intera??o, isto ?, uma rela??o entre sujeitos que partilhem de um ponto de vista em comum que define um objeto a partir de uma perceptiva semelhante, no caso das letras analisadas, o ser feminino, constituindo um ponto necess?rio ? leitura cr?tica com rela??o a imagem da mulher, em alguns g?neros musicais. Assim, os resultados obtidos no trabalho mostram que, embora a mulher tenha obtido v?rias conquistas na sociedade, esta ?, ainda, discursivizada em muitas letras de m?sicas como submissa, vista como dona de casa, m?e de fam?lia, aquela deve ter seus cuidados voltados aos filhos, marido e com os afazeres dom?sticos ou ainda como objeto, que serve apenas para deleite e prazer do sexo masculino.