CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O rio Cocà e seu entorno possuem singular particularidade, jà que correspondem a uma Ãrea de grande relevÃncia ecolÃgica encravada numa Ãrea urbana bastante adensada. O presente trabalho teve como motivaÃÃo o fato da Ãrea conhecida como âParque do CocÃâ nÃo possuir uma gestÃo ambiental adequada, jà que a unidade de conservaÃÃo Parque Estadual nÃo foi criada. Tem-se apenas uma poligonal extraÃda de decretos estaduais (nÂs 20.253/1989, 21.312/1991 e 22.587/1993), cuja finalidade era declarar determinadas Ãreas como de interesse social para que, apÃs expropriadas, fossem destinadas à criaÃÃo do parque. Tais decretos nÃo criaram juridicamente a unidade de conservaÃÃo, jà que sua finalidade era apenas efetivar as desapropriaÃÃes. Ao longo dos anos os decretos estaduais expropriatÃrios caducaram, as desapropriaÃÃes nÃo foram realizadas e a unidade de conservaÃÃo nÃo foi juridicamente criada. Nesse Ãnterim, houve significativa mudanÃa no contexto urbano da cidade de Fortaleza, bem como alteraÃÃes na legislaÃÃo pertinente, o que enseja uma necessÃria revisÃo da poligonal do que viria a ser o âParque do CocÃâ. Nesse panorama, o estudo propÃe critÃrios e requisitos a serem observados na criaÃÃo de uma nova categoria de unidade de conservaÃÃo. AlÃm disso, a dissertaÃÃo, como base na caracterizaÃÃo geoambiental e nos institutos jurÃdicos incidentes na Ãrea (zoneamento urbanÃstico, Ãreas de preservaÃÃo permanente e terrenos de marinha), propÃe diretrizes que servem de orientaÃÃo a delimitaÃÃo de uma poligonal que seja tecnicamente viÃvel para o tipo de unidade de conservaÃÃo aplicÃvel à Ãrea de estudo. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de revisÃo bibliogrÃfica e documental, interpretaÃÃo e manipulaÃÃo de arquivos vetoriais cartogrÃficos e levantamentos de campo. ApÃs anÃlise dos dados, o trabalho propÃe que a âÃrea bÃsicaâ da futura UC seja definida com base na existÃncia dos seguintes institutos jurÃdicos: Ãreas de preservaÃÃo permanente, terrenos de marinha e as zonas do PDP-FOR/2009 com os parÃmetros urbanÃsticos mais restritivos (ZPA 1 e ZRA). O trabalho sugere que o estado do Cearà ou o municÃpio de Fortaleza podem criar uma unidade de conservaÃÃo juridicamente adequada e tecnicamente viÃvel por meio de aÃÃes divididas em cinco etapas, as quais podem ser executadas em sequÃncia ou paralelamente. A ETAPA 0 corresponde à fase preparatÃria, com revisÃo de arquivos vetoriais cartogrÃficos, levantamento de ocupaÃÃes e criaÃÃo de uma modalidade de unidade de conservaÃÃo compatÃvel. A ETAPA 1 seria a fase de criaÃÃo da UC com sua âÃrea bÃsicaâ, devendo ser desapropriados os imÃveis situados em ZPA 1 ou em ZRA que nÃo estejam ocupados ou que estejam ocupados por equipamentos pÃblicos (vias, praÃas, etc). As ETAPAS 2 e 3 seriam ampliaÃÃes da âÃrea bÃsicaâ, por meio da inclusÃo de Ãreas que poderÃo ensejar a realocaÃÃo de pessoas e a remoÃÃo de ocupaÃÃes. Quando os imÃveis estiverem em terrenos de marinha, a UniÃo pode efetuar cessÃo de uso gratuita ao ente criador da UC (estado do Cearà ou o municÃpio de Fortaleza). E na ETAPA 4 deve-se integrar a gestÃo das UCs em mosaico, abrangendo a UC recÃm-criada e as jà existentes no seu entorno. / The Cocà river and its surroundings have a singular peculiarity, because they meet an area of great ecological relevance stuck in a fairly densely populated urban area. This work was motivated by the fact that the area known as "Park of CocÃ" not having adequate environmental management, since the State Park protected area was not created. There is only one polygon extracted from state decrees (n. 20.259/1989, 21.312/1991 and 22.587/1993), whose purpose was to declare certain areas as social interest so that after expropriated, were intended to create the park. Such decrees are not legally created the PA, since its purpose was only effecting the expropriation. Over the years the state expropriation decrees expired, foreclosures were not realized and protected area was not legally created. Meanwhile, there was a significant change in the urban context of the city of Fortaleza, and changes in the relevant legislation, which entails a necessary revision of the polygon that would be the " Park of CocÃ". In this scenario, the study proposes criteria and requirements to be observed in the creation of a new category of protected area. Furthermore, the dissertation, based on environmental characterization and legal institutions incidents in the area (urban zoning, permanent preservation areas and marine land), proposes guidelines for the guidance of the boundary of a polygon that is technically feasible for the type of conservation unit applicable to the study area. The survey was conducted through literature review and documentary, interpretation and manipulation of cartographic vector files and field surveys. After analyzing the data, the paper proposes that the "basic area" of the future UC is defined based on the existence of the following legal institutions: areas of permanent preservation, marine lands areas and the most restrictive urban standards (ZPA 1 and ZRA) of the PDP-FOR/2009. The paper suggests that state of Cearà or the county of Fortaleza can create a legally adequate conservation unit and technically feasible through actions divided into five stages, which can be performed in sequence or in parallel. STAGE 0 corresponds to the preparatory phase, with review of cartographic vector files, lifting occupations and creating a type of compatible conservation unit. STAGE 1 would be the creation phase of UC with its "basic area" and should be expropriated the properties at ZPA 1 or ZRA that are not occupied or are occupied by public facilities (roads, squares and so on). STAGES 2 and 3 would be extensions of "basic research", by including areas that may give rise to relocation of people and the removal of occupations. When the properties are in marine lands, the Union may make use of free assignment of use for the creator entity of the UC (state of Cearà or the county of Fortaleza). And in STAGE 4 should integrate the management of protected areas in mosaic, covering the newly created UC and existing in its surroundings.

Esta tese analisa os Planos Regionais Estratégicos das Subprefeituras do Butantã, Lapa, Pinheiros, Sé e Vila Mariana (Lei Municipal n0 13.885/04), com o objetivo de verificar a integração dos mesmos entre si e com o referencial fixo representado pelo Plano Diretor Estratégico do Município de São Paulo (Lei Municipal n0 13.430/02). O Plano Regional Estratégico de cada Subprefeitura deve se articular com o Plano Regional das Subprefeituras adjacentes e, quando for o caso, com os municípios limítrofes e a região metropolitana, devendo fazê-lo em um contexto relacional consistente. A questão da integração dos Planos Regionais foi examinada através dos seguintes temas: Rede Estrutural Hídrica Ambiental, Rede Viária Estrutural e Uso e Ocupação do Solo. A análise destas leis foi desenvolvida em um contexto de revisão dos paradigmas relativos ao exercício do planejamento urbano, desencadeado pela Lei Federal n0 10.257/2001 ? Estatuto da Cidade, que criou e regulamentou vários instrumentos da política urbana, vinculando-os ao plano diretor. / The present thesis analyzes the Strategic Regional Plans of Sub-Districts of Butantã, Lapa, Pinheiros, Sé and Vila Mariana (Municipal Law n0 13.885/04), with the purpose of verifying the aforementioned plans integration within themselves and with the fixed referential represented by the Strategic Master Plan of São Paulo City (Municipal Law n0 13.430/02). The Strategic Regional Plan of each Sub-District must be articulated with the Regional Plan of adjacent Sub-districts, and with the adjoining cities and the metropolitan region, having it done in a consistent related context. The matter of the Regional Plans integration was analyzed through the following themes: Environmental Hydro Structural Network, Structural Roads Network, and Ground Use and Occupation. The analysis of such laws was developed within a context of review on paradigms related to urban planning work, unleashed by Federal Law n010.257/2001 ? City?s Decree, which created and regulated several instruments of urban politics, attaching them to the Master Plan.

Esta dissertação trata da participação no planejamento urbano, entendida como processo de tomada de decisão aberto à cidadania envolvendo temas que afetam a vida de grupos e indivíduos no uso e apropriação do espaço urbano. Como estudo de caso, é analisado o processo de elaboração do Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Urbano Ambiental de Porto Alegre (PDDUA). A pesquisa identifica e caracteriza seus protagonistas e os espaços de tomada de decisão, situando essa experiência de participação no embate entre abordagens racional-compreensiva e democrático-participativa e buscando qualificá-la como expressão do planejamento urbano efetivamente praticado no país. A pergunta "quem de fato participou da elaboração do PDDUA?" orientou a realização da pesquisa, que empregou diferentes procedimentos metodológicos, quantitativos e qualitativos. A experiência do PDDUA mostrou-se rica para a análise, indicando que a vontade política e o compromisso governamental são elementos fundamentais, porém insuficientes, para a prática do planejamento democrático-participativo. / This dissertation discusses participation in urban planning, understood as a decision-making processes open to citizens and involving issues that affect the life of groups and individuals as to the use and appropriation of the urban space. The case studied is the development process of the Urban and Environmental Development Master Plan of Porto Alegre (PDDUA). The study identifies and characterizes the protagonists and the decision-making spaces, situating this participation experience in the confrontation between rational-comprehensible and democratic-participatory approaches, and characterizing it as the expression of how urban planning is effectively practiced in Brazil. The question "Who actually participated in the PDDUA development?" guided the study, which employed different quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The analysis of the PPDUA experience indicated that political will and government commitment are essential, albeit insufficient, elements for the practice of democratic-participatory planning.

O Município, ente autônomo da Federação no Brasil, é responsável pelo exercício de inúmeras competências, dentre as quais está a execução da política urbana através do planejamento da ocupação, com a utilização de instrumentos jurídicos que garantam um Município Ambientalmente Sustentável. A identificação de preceitos do que é Município ambientalmente sustentável pode ser buscado nas matrizes de sustentabilidade urbana, juntamente com uma abordagem do complexo contexto em que está inserido o ente local, uma vez que é influenciado por diretrizes globais, pelo desordenado processo de urbanização e pela crise ambiental, caracterizada pelo risco. Os instrumentos a serem utilizados na sua construção estão previstos no Estatuto da Cidade, tendo como o principal deles o Plano Diretor. Entretanto, esta relação não deve limitar-se a eles, podendo ser adicionados, entre outros, o Código de Obras, o Código de Posturas e o Código Municipal do Meio Ambiente. Na implementação destes instrumentos estão presentes algumas barreiras, entre as quais a difícil regulação do mercado imobiliário, o complexo processo de construção transdisciplinar e epistêmico e os dilemas da gestão democrática das cidades. Além da superação destas barreiras, os instrumentos devem estar vinculados às diretrizes do Estatuto da Cidade; o Plano Diretor, responder ao dinamismo socioeconômico e as questões ambientais; os Governos Locais, ter uma posição promotora, articulando suas competências e com os demais entes; e os instrumentos jurídicos, estarem sistematizados e baseados em princípios e objetivos comuns. O entendimento destes aspectos globais, históricos e socioeconômicos é necessário para a construção de instrumentos jurídicos efetivos de planejamento da ocupação urbana, que garantirão um Município Ambientalmente Sustentável. Adotou-se como método de abordagem o dialético, tendo em vista que o trabalho penetra o mundo dos fenômenos por meio de sua ação recíproca. Além disso, como método procedimental optou-se pelo estruturalista, que parte da análise de um fenômeno concreto para, em seguida, transpô-lo ao nível abstrato e vice-versa, vendo a realidade concreta do ponto de vista interno dos diversos fenômenos. / The municipality, autonomous entity of the Federation in Brazil is responsible for the exercise of many powers, among which is the implementation of urban policy through the planning of the occupation, with the use of legal instruments that guarantee an Environmentally Sustainable City. The identification of the precepts of the city that is environmentally sustainable, can be searched at the headquarters of urban sustainability along with an approach to the complex context in which it is being inserted into the site, since it is influenced by global guidelines, the disorderly process of urbanization and environmental crisis, characterized by risk. The instruments to be used in their construction, are referred in the City Statute, with the main one is the Master Plan, however, this relationship should not be limited to them, may be added, among others, Building Code, the Code of Postures and Municipal Code of the Environment. In the implementation of these instruments are present some barriers, including the difficult real estate market regulation, the complex process of building cross-disciplinary and epistemic and the dilemmas of democratic management of cities. In addition to the overcoming of these barriers, the instruments should be linked to the guidelines of the City Statute, the Master Plan, should respond to the dynamic socioeconomic and environmental issues, Local Governments, should have a promoter position, articulating their skills and all other entities, and legal instruments, be systematic and based on common principles and objectives. The understanding of these aspects of global, historical and socio-economic is necessary for the creation of effective legal instruments of urban planning of the occupation, which will ensure an environmentally sustainable city. Adopted as the method of dialectical approach, in order that the work enters the world of phenomena by means of their reciprocal action. Moreover, as procedural method was chosen structuralist, that part of the analysis to a concrete phenomenon, then transpose it to the abstract level and vice versa, see the reality of the internal point of view of various phenomena.

Project preparation of operating program of competitive advantage education. Create new bachelor honours plan of Metrology and quality assurance testing. Project management. Preparing documents for project formation. Process of working projects. Summary of reguired documents to create projects.

The aim of the thesis was to analyse indicators and data sets used in the field of sustainable spatial plannig. On the base of the analyses there were spatial indicators of the sustainable development designed. The basic condition to design new indicators it was the accessibility to the elementary datas. The other condition was to design very simply methodology that could be use also for measuring in very small location. The thesis designed idnicators in three main areas of the spatial planning: • landuse, • accessibility of the services, • inner city/town/village traffic. One of the demands for the new indicators set was it´s efficiency for all kinds of the cities in the Czech Republic. This demand was fullfilled by the 3 level methodolgy – the main indicator was measurable for all kinds of settlemets – small villages, small and middle towns and also for cities. The basic methodology (for small villages) was very simple. Indicators were computed from very easy accesible data sets. And this methodology could also be used for larger settlements without any problems. The second level – for small and middle towns – sometimes needs special surveys or special hardware and software. The top of the pyramid is the methodology for cities. In this level there are used detailed analyses and computing methods. The thesis designes the methodology and also checks the practical application up.

This work seeks to verify the possible construction of a kindergarten in very confined conditions in the courtyard so that children can take dignified first steps in educational facilities and at the same time to economically use the land in the city center.

UP Zavody Bucovice was a an important furniture company in Czechoslovakia. At the end of the 20th century, production in Bucovice was terminated and the abandoned site became the largest brownfield area in the city. In early 2018, the city bought the land and began demolition of the existing production facilities and buildings. The new city district will be created after demolition. The new area will offer significant urban development potential of the city of Bucovice.

La presente investigación realizada tiene como objetivo principal mejorar el nivel de servicio para la entrega de los productos terminados en una empresa manufacturera de cables eléctricos. Por ende, se aplicó la metodología de Planificación de Requerimiento de Materiales (MRP), cuya herramienta y método permitirá desplegar una propuesta de solución sólida, científica y aplicada a la problemática actual. En primer lugar, se realizó la revisión bibliográfica, citando fuentes y artículos científicos que sustenten y avalen la investigación. Seguidamente, se realizó el análisis de la problemática actual y determinación de causas, para ello se aplicaron métodos y herramientas de ingeniería industrial para la obtención de las causas raíz del problema, las cuales estaban ligadas a los métodos de la empresa. En consecuencia, se formula la hipótesis que la aplicación del MRP, a través del registro de inventario, lista de materiales y el plan maestro de producción (PMP), permitirá mitigar el impacto operativo y económico del problema principal, el cual son los retrasos en la entrega de producto terminado a los clientes. Dicha hipótesis es materia de estudio del siguiente capítulo, donde, en primer lugar, se sustenta que el MRP es la propuesta de mejora que mejor se ajusta a la descripción y la naturaleza de la presente investigación; para luego desplegar propiamente la metodología en sí. Dicho despliegue se realizó a través de la aplicación de la herramienta del MRP antes mencionadas, estructurada bajo un diseño de propuesta basado en planear, ejecutar, verificar y actuar. Finalmente, para la comprobación y verificación de la solución al problema, se realizó una simulación de la propuesta a través de un software, donde se comprobó que efectivamente, luego de la aplicación de la propuesta, se lograría reducir los retrasos en la entrega del producto terminado a los clientes. Además, se realizó una evaluación económica de la propuesta para comprobar la viabilidad del proyecto, respaldando así la presente investigación. / The main objective of the present investigation carried out is to improve the level of service for the delivery of finished products in an electrical cable manufacturing company. Therefore, the Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) methodology was applied, whose tool and method will allow the deployment of a solid, scientific solution proposal applied to the current problem. In the first place, the bibliographic review was carried out, citing sources and scientific articles that support and endorse the research. Next, the analysis of the current problem and determination of causes was carried out, for this, industrial engineering methods and tools were applied to obtain the root causes of the problem, which were linked to the company's methods. Consequently, the hypothesis is formulated that the application of the MRP, through the inventory record, the list of materials and the master production plan (PMP), will mitigate the operational and economic impact of the main problem, which are the delays in delivery of finished product to customers. This hypothesis is the subject of study in the next chapter, where, firstly, it is argued that the MRP is the improvement proposal that best fits the description and nature of the present investigation; and then properly deploy the methodology itself. Said deployment was carried out through the application of the aforementioned MRP tool, structured under a proposal design based on planning, executing, verifying and acting. Finally, for the verification and verification of the solution to the problem, a simulation of the proposal was carried out through software, where it was verified that effectively, after the application of the proposal, it would be possible to reduce the delays in the delivery of the product finished to customers. In addition, an economic evaluation of the proposal was carried out to verify the viability of the project, thus supporting the present investigation. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

En femtedel av Sveriges klimatpåverkan kommer från bygg- och anläggningssektorn och år 2017 röstade riksdagen igenom att Sverige, senast år 2045, ska nå nettonollutsläpp av växthusgaser. Örebro kommun har tagit fram ett eget styrdokument, Klimatstrategi för Örebro kommun, som beskriver klimatpåverkan, vad kommunen behöver göra samt vilka etappmål och delmål som finns i det geografiska området.  Avsikten med denna studie är att undersöka hur Örebro kommun arbetar aktivt för att minska klimatpåverkan genom samhällsplaneringen i samband med att staden växer. Studien har baserats på litteraturstudier och intervjuer med fyra deltagare från Örebro kommun och tre deltagare från Länsstyrelsen i Örebro län. Studien har avgränsats till ett specifikt delmål i Örebro kommuns klimatstrategi och på vilka sätt de arbetar för att uppnå delmålet - klimatsmart samhällsplanering. Resultatet tyder på att Örebro kommun har många dokument att förhålla sig till för att minska klimatpåverkan. Ett av dessa dokument är översiktsplanen. Detta dokument anses vara det främsta verktyget för samhällsplaneringen, då andra planeringsdokument arbetats in i översiktsplanen. Trafikstrategin är ett av dessa planeringsdokument som utgör underlag för att främja hållbart resande.   Länsstyrelsen har i uppgift att förse kommunerna med olika planeringsunderlag och anordna olika träffar med kommunerna. Inom samhällsplanering finns det många aspekter att ta hänsyn till och då kan Länsstyrelsen ge goda exempel, sprida kunskap samt ge vägledning till kommunerna.  Örebro kommun har framställt ett eget verktyg för att kunna effektivisera och påverka markanvisningsprocessen som kallas Örebromodellen. Kommunen har makten att bestämma vem som ska bli tilldelad mark genom utvärdering av byggaktörernas genomförandeambitioner i intresseanmälningarna. Dessutom kan kommunen ha önskemål om att byggaktörernas genomförandeambitioner ska vara klimatrelaterade. För att möjliggöra klimatarbetet i kommunen ännu mer är slutsatsen att det behövs en förändrad lagstiftning samt tydligare ställningstaganden i politiken. Om politiken ska kunna ta ställning krävs det att tjänstemännen har kompetensen och möjligheten att förmedla vilka åtgärder som behövs. / One fifth of Sweden's climate impact comes from the building and construction sector, and in 2017 the Parliament voted that Sweden, by 2045 at the latest, will achieve net zero emissions of greenhouse gases. Örebro municipality has produced its own governing document, Climate strategy for Örebro municipality, which describes the climate impact, what the municipality needs to do and what milestones and stage goals are in the geographical area. The purpose of this study is to investigate how Örebro municipality works actively to reduce climate impact through community planning in connection with the city's growth. The study has been based on literature studies and interviews with four participants from Örebro municipality and three participants from the County Administrative Board in Örebro County. The study has been limited to a specific stage goal in Örebro municipality's climate strategy and the ways in which they work to achieve the stage goal - climate-smart community planning. The results indicate that Örebro municipality has many documents to relate to in order to reduce the climate impact. One of these documents is the master plan. This document is considered to be the main tool for community planning, as other planning documents have been worked into the master plan. The traffic strategy is one of these planning documents that forms the basis for promoting sustainable travel.  The County Administrative Board has the task of providing the municipalities with different planning documents and arranging different meetings with the municipalities. In community planning, there are many aspects to take into account and then the County Administrative Board can set good examples, disseminate knowledge and provide guidance to the municipalities. The municipality of Örebro has produced its own tool to be able to streamline and influence the land allocation process known as the Örebro model. The municipality has the power to decide who will be allocated land by evaluating the construction actors' implementation ambitions in the expressions of interest. In addition, the municipality may want the construction actors’ implementation ambitions to be climate-related. To enable climate work in the municipality even more, the conclusion is that a change in laws and clearer positions in politics are needed. If policy is to be able to take a stand, it is required that civil servants have the competence and the opportunity to convey what measures are needed.