The presence of schools in our lives can not be overstated. In regards to life experiences, school could be argued to be the single most common part of our lives. Memories from school are particularly present throughout one’s life journey and forms the identities of all through powerful memories; good and bad. In terms of our relationship to buildings, the school building is only second to home for most. In a small town the school buildings are oftentimes some of the most present not just in social influence, but also by being sizeable, sometimes the single largest building might be a school. In a town that sports a history primarily of industry and outdoor life the understanding of a structures role in the locality along with the opinions and actions of the citizens might take on a different form than were it to be in a city with a rich tradition of culture. Nevertheless, the population with a relationship with a particular school all have memories and those are subsequently to be shared among each other. With this in mind, what happens when a school building is demolished or approaches status as condemned? The memories of former students, faculty and others remain through photographs and friendships still close to heart. How does demolition of a physical thing so large and emotional affect people’s opinions and actions in regards to their hometown and each other? This study aims to provide understanding of the relationship between town, inhabitants and school buildings by mapping and analyzing how memories are shared through social media. Loss and collective identity can be respected, neglected, encouraged or misunderstood. Contributions to the understanding of the processes related to this helps further research and potentially courses of actions. The result of working with the chosen material shows that those engaging in discussions online in this forum regarding the buildings collectively contribute to the creation of a common relationship with the past and present within the confines of the topic, even though a consensus in terms of emotional connection and opinion is not apparent. The act of sharing pictures and anecdotes are met with extensive contributions in the form of comments and shows the interest among the population to partake in the exchange of memory.

The present thesis derived from a personal need to explore how daylight can shape the emotional state of users and consequently their indoor experience. As a lighting design student I appreciated even more the power that light and shadows have upon indoor experiences. To investigate this further, an experiment with five panels was conducted. Moreover, since daylight conditions vary according to the latitude the spaces were simulated in Sweden and Cyprus, and subjects from both locations participated in the experiment.  The results suggest that daylight distributed in horizontal, vertical and squared shapes evokes mainly pleasant or activating emotions. Circular shapes provoke pleasant feelings and the organic: unpleasant and deactivating. The outcome indicates that emotions, perception of light levels, light distribution and shadows can alter considerably among individuals from different latitudes. Participants from northern latitude perceived the space darker than those from southeastern latitude. Additionally, when the subjects felt happy in a space they perceived it brighter than other spaces. The analysis suggests a link between memories, familiarity and emotions. Lastly, the importance of considering preferences of different groups of users is emphasized.

yes / The aim of the experiment reported here was to investigate the processes underlying the construction of truthful and deliberately fabricated memories. Properties of memories created to be intentionally false (fabricated memories) were compared to properties of memories believed to be true (true memories). Participants recalled and then wrote or spoke true memories and fabricated memories of everyday events. It was found that true memories were reliably more vivid than fabricated memories and were nearly always recalled from a first-person perspective. In contrast, fabricated differed from true memories in that they were judged to be reliably older, were more frequently recalled from a third-person perspective, and linguistic analysis revealed that they required more cognitive effort to generate. No notable differences were found across modality of reporting. Finally, it was found that intentionally fabricated memories were created by recalling and then “editing” true memories. Overall, these findings show that true and fabricated memories systematically differ, despite the fact that both are based on true memories.

This project is about capturing the historical moments of a place by collecting and translating memories into experiences. Let me take you through the journey how I got here. Architecture, in particular, acts as a tangible link between the past, present, and future, anchoring itself as a significant point in the timeline of a location and culture. I believe, each of us perceives spaces in our own unique way, shaped by our individual previous experiences. Memories are strongly connected to sensory experiences because our senses play a fundamental role in how we perceive and recall the world around us. And I think visual as well as sensory aspects of memory is crucial to capture the essence of a place. Therefore, I decided to work in the south of Södermalm, an area rich of history, cultural events and memories. My experience of the area is much different so I chose to interview a few people who used to live or spend time in the area. I chose 3 people who have common experiences that shaped the area and I introduced their memories in my project. Their collective experiences became my driving force of the design.

Background: In intensive care, mechanical ventilation is a common treatment for critically ill patients. Patients are often treated with both sedative and pain-relieving drugs, which together with invasive mechanical ventilation puts the patient in a particularly vulnerable situation as the ability to verbally communicate is limited. This makes it difficult for both the intensive care nurse and relatives to know what the patient remembers and how they have experienced their time with mechanical ventilation. Aim: To review and synthesize qualitative studies that have explored adult patients' memories of their time with invasive mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit. Method: A structured literature review with qualitative design. Structured searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, CINAHL and Psychinfo, which resulted in 18 articles of qualitative design and mixed method and published between the years 2009-2024. Included articles are quality reviewed according to Caldwell's review template and the results of the articles are analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis. Results: The results present two main themes with associated subthemes. The main theme In the shadow of suffering had associated subthemes Pain and discomfort and An unreal existence. The main theme Abandoned in a strange environment had associated subthemes Voiceless in a world of sound and Seeing yourself fragile through the eyes of others. Conclusion: Patients' memories of the time in the intensive care unit with invasive mechanical ventilation vary, but overall the period is described as heavy and psychologically stressful. Communication and information from relatives and healthcare professionals is crucial for patients' well-being, and intensivecare nurses have an important role in supporting and including relatives in care. A professional approach to nursing care, regardless of whether the patient is sedated or awake, is essential for as pleasant an experience as possible.

Many methodologies have been used to generate false memories, with the misinformation (MI) paradigm and the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm being the most commonly studied. The MI paradigm generates false memories based on retroactive interference across episodes, while the DRM paradigm generates false memories based on semantic similarities across stimuli. Since current research is ambiguous about whether the processes for different types of false memories are similar, the purpose of this project was to compare the neural mechanisms between MI and DRM false memories. We used a novel paradigm to limit methodological differences, while maintaining the defining characteristics of each paradigm. We made ERP predictions for false memories in both paradigms based on four current cognitive theories of false memories: fuzzy-trace theory, spreading activation/monitoring theory, global matching models, and source of activation confusion (SAC) model. We found no LPC, FN400, or N2 neural differences between the two types of false memories. This result is discussed in the context of the theories and the implications about our understanding of false memories. Our results support that there may not be mechanistic differences in false memory recollection when paradigms to produce the false memories are similar. / Ph. D.

Architecture is a pathway to capture memories in the physical presence. Like a charm bracelet, a path leads you through individual segments, each telling their own stories. "Community Narratives for Architecture Spaces" investigates how to choreograph design strategies around the memories of the Christiansburg Institute, a historically African American school, and its cultural legacy. Materiality, lighting, and programming articulate specific memories within the spaces of this project. It is essential to have moments highlighting the past, present, and future while individuals maneuver through the site. There is a life cycle where things must end, and new opportunities can grow from them. This cycle can be beautiful yet ugly to navigate through. Architecture highlights the essence of this cycle by portraying how beginnings can be born from the old. An old site can be transformed into a new one, creating new memories and perspectives while preserving existing ones. Christiansburg Institute encompasses all of these beliefs. This design proposal honors the life cycle of the institute. / Master of Architecture / Historically African American school in Southwest Virginia for approximately 100 years. At its prime, it reached over 185 acres with over 14 buildings. It now stands with less than five acres and only one surviving building. This thesis is a design proposal to rejuvenate the current site in honor of its legacy and contributions bestowed to the African American community. Ethnographic storytelling documents the cultural identity of a group of people or a specific experience. Historically, storytelling has documented the history of African American communities. To directly honor the alumni of the site, I interviewed four individuals to discuss their memories of the school's spiritual and physical presence. Their stories will remain documented and help understand the Christiansburg Institute's space and its legacy. These recollections of memory were analyzed and dissected to influence the new design proposal. As an emerging designer, the relationship between social narratives, the role of an architect, and creating community space are imperative. Community members should have a voice in how the design process shapes their neighborhoods and buildings. Community Narratives for Architecture Space; Christiansburg Institute uses Christiansburg Institute as a case study to further explore the process of engaging the community with schematic development procedures. Ideally, these actions will influence future design and planning strategies to be more intentional and inclusive.

Les Mémoires ont de plus en plus importance à l'époque actuelle, et sont fondamentales pour la définition de tous les systèmes électroniques avec lesquels nous entrons en contact dans notre vie quotidienne. Les mémoires non-volatiles (NVM), représentées par la technologie Flash, ont pu suivre jusqu'à présent l'effort à la miniaturisation pour satisfaire la demande croissante de densité de mémoire exigée par le marché. Cependant, la réduction de la taille du dispositif de mémoire est de plus en plus difficile et la complexité technologique demandé a augmenté le coût par octet. Dans ce contexte, les technologies de mémoire innovantes deviennent non seulement une alternative, mais la seule solution possible pour fournir une densité plus élevée à moindre coût, une meilleure fonctionnalité et une faible consommation d'énergie. Les Mémoires à Changement de Phase (PCM) sont considérées comme la solution de pointe pour la future génération de mémoires non-volatiles, grâce à leur non-volatilité , scalabilité, "bit-alterability", grande vitesse de lecture et d'écriture, et cyclabilité élevée. Néanmoins, certains problèmes de fiabilité restent à surmonter afin de rendre cette technologie un remplacement valable de la technologie Flash dans toutes les applications. Plus en détail, la conservation des données à haute température, est l'une des principales exigences des applications embarquées industrielles et automobiles. Cette thèse se concentre sur l'étude des mémoires à changement de phase pour des applications embarquées, dans le but d'optimiser le dispositif de mémoire et enfin de proposer des solutions pour surmonter les principaux obstacles de cette technologie, en abordant notamment les applications automobiles. Nous avons conçu, fabriqué et testé des dispositifs PCM basés sur des structures reconnues et innovantes, en analysant leurs avantages et inconvénients, et en évaluant l'impact de la réduction de la taille. Notre analyse de fiabilité a conduit au développement d'un système de caractérisation dédié à caractériser nos cellules PCM avec des impulsions de l'ordre de la nanoseconde, et à la mise en oeuvre d'un outil de simulation basé sur un solveur thermoélectrique et sur l'approche numérique "Level Set", pour comprendre les différentes mécanismes qui ont lieu dans nos cellules pendant les opérations de programmation. Afin de répondre aux spécifications du marché des mémoires non-volatiles embarquées, nous avons conçu le matériau à changement de phase intégré dans le dispositif PCM avec deux principales approches: la variation de la stoechiométrie et l'ajout de dopants. Nous avons démontré et expliqué comment la rétention des données dans les dispositifs PCM à base de GeTe peut être améliorée avec l'augmentation de la concentration de Te, et comment les inclusions de SiO2 peuvent réduire les défauts causés par la tension de lecture à températures de fonctionnement élevées. En outre, nous avons présenté les avantages sur la réduction de la puissance de programmation du dopage de carbone dans les dispositifs à base de GST. Enfin, nous avons étudié les effets de l'enrichissement en Ge dans le GST, combiné avec le dopage N et C, intégré dans des cellules PCM à l'état de l'art. Grâce à l'introduction d'une nouvelle technique de programmation, nous avons démontré la possibilité d'augmenter la vitesse de programmation de ces dispositifs, caractérisés par des performances de rétention des données parmi les meilleurs rapportés dans la littérature, et de réduire le phénomène de la dérive de la résistance qui affecte la stabilité de l'état programmé des cellules PCM. Nous avons donc prouvé, avec ces derniers résultats, la validité de la technologie PCM pour les applications embarquées. / Memories are getting an exponential importance in our present era, and are fundamental in the definition of all the electronic systems with which we interact in our daily life. Non-volatile memory technology (NVM), represented by Flash technology, have been able to follow till now the miniaturization trend to fulfill the increasing memory density demanded by the market. However, the scaling is becoming increasingly difficult, rising their cost per byte due to the incoming technological complexity. In this context, innovative memory technologies are becoming not just an alternative, but the only possible solution to provide higher density at lower cost, better functionality and low power consumption. Phase-Change Memory (PCM) technology is considered the leading solution for the next NVM generation, combining non-volatility, scalability, bit-alterability, high write speed and read bandwidth and high cycle life endurance. However, some reliability issues remain to overcome, in order to be a valid Flash replacement in all the possible applications. In particular, retention of data at high temperature, is one of the main requirements of industrial and automotive embedded applications. This work focuses on the study of embedded Phase-Change Memories, in order to optimize the memory device and finally propose some solutions to overcome the main bottlenecks of this technology, in particular addressing automotive applications. We designed, fabricated, and tested PCM devices based on recognized and innovative structures, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, and evaluating the scaling impact. Our reliability analysis led to the development of a characterization setup dedicated to characterize our PCM cells with pulses in the order of nanoseconds, and to the implementation of a simulation tool based on a thermoelectrical solver and on the Level Set numerical approach, to understand the different mechanisms taking place in our cells during the programming operations. In order to fulfill embedded NVM requirements, we engineered the phase-change material integrated in the PCM device with two main approaches: the stoichiometry variation and the dopants addition. We showed and explained how the data retention in GeTe based PCM devices can be enhanced increasing Te content, and how SiO2 inclusions can reduce the read voltage disturbs at high operating temperatures. Moreover, we reported the advantages on the programming power reduction of carbon doping in GST based devices. Finally, we studied the effects of Ge enrichment in GST, combined with N or C doping, integrated in state of the art PCM cells. Through the introduction of a new programming technique, we demonstrated the possibility to improve the programming speed of these devices, characterized by data retention performance among the best reported in the literature, and to reduce the drift phenomenon that affects the resistance state stability of PCM technology. We then proved, with these last results, the suitability of PCM for embedded applications.

Orientador: Margareth Brandini Park / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T22:20:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pimenta_MartaEugeniaFontenele_M.pdf: 11277937 bytes, checksum: ce557461c9d1b15ddbfd6e0e183df415 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a temática do trabalho nas narrativas de velhos alfaiates, quando convidados a falarem de suas trajetórias de vida, por meio de processos de reminiscências. O estudo foi desenvolvido com a participação de cinco alfaiates - com faixa etária entre 65 e 98 anos -, os quais passaram a maior parte de sua vida adulta e produtiva, na cidade de Campinas (SP), tendo como fator comum a prática do ofício, no contexto do século XX. À luz da Gerontologia, e numa perspectiva de valorização da rememoração na velhice, a pesquisa evidencia que esses homens velhos, ao falarem de si apóiam-se na temática trabalho (vida laborativa), utilizando-a como uma espécie de fio condutor, para organizarem e estruturarem suas memórias, configurando um estado de unissonância entre vida e trabalho. Aliando ao método biográfico uma sistematização para a leitura dos relatos, o trabalho amplia o espectro de interpretações das narrativas, possibilitando análises acerca das especificidades nas quais o velho se apóia para falar de si, de suas visões de mundo e do trabalho, como um conteúdo existencial e social / Abstract: The aim of this research is to look into the topic of work in the narratives of aged tailors, when asked to speak about their lives by means of remembrances. The research was developed with the participation of tailors whose age varied from 65 to 98. They have spent most of their lives in Campinas (SP) having in common the practice of their jobs in the twentieth century. In the light of gerontology and in the perspective of valuing remembrances in old age, the research gives evidence that these old men, when speaking about themselves, back up on the topic work (working life). They use it as a guideline to organize and structure their memories creating a state of harmony between life and work. This study enlarges the spectrum of interpretations of the narratives using a biographical method as well as a systematization for the reading of the accounts. This enables analyses about the specifications upon which the elder backs up to speak about himself and to express his ideas about the world and about work as an existential and social content / Mestrado / Mestre em Gerontologia

Orientadores: Guido Costa Souza de Araújo, Rodolfo Jardim de Azevedo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T10:06:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hoffman_Caio_M.pdf: 5338735 bytes, checksum: d93e38ef7846b0ba3f7f3b0ea459fc67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Phase-change memory (PCM) traz novos ensejos para indústria eletrônica. Devido às projeções de alta escalabilidade do processo de fabricação da PCM, cogita-se usá-la como memória principal em sistemas de computação, substituindo à tradicional DRAM cujos problemas de miniaturização do processo de fabricação demandam tecnologias ainda desconhecidas. Contudo, PCM tem problemas de durabilidade e técnicas de recuperação de falhas robustas são extremamente necessárias para recuperação e prolongamento do seu tempo de vida, medido em número de escritas. As técnicas mais comuns de recuperação de falhas são os códigos de correção de erros. Porém, outras técnicas de recuperação vêm sendo propostas na literatura, aproveitando as características de não-volatilidade da PCM. Neste trabalho, usando uma modelagem matemática, analisou-se como a probabilidade de bit-ip dos principais códigos de correção de erros { paridade, SECDED e BCH { e das principais técnicas de recuperação de falhas { ECP e SAFER { está relacionada _a durabilidade da PCM. A partir da taxa de bit-ip medida através da execução do SPEC2006 e por meio dos modelos matemáticos, comparou-se os resultados dos modelos de simulação utilizando-se a probabilidade teórica de 50% e a taxa obtida experimentalmente de 15%. Os resultados revelaram uma visível degradação da durabilidade dos mecanismos de recuperação de falhas que usam códigos de correção de erros, contradizendo os resultados da literatura. A técnica ECP foi à única que não mostrou degradação. Além disso, uma análise de eficiência energética foi feita, relacionando durabilidade da PCM e o consumo de energia. Novamente, a técnica ECP se destacou nos resultados, como também a técnica SAFER. Finalmente, foram propostos modelos analíticos probabilísticos das técnicas ECP, SECDED e uma análise da técnica PAYG baseada no modelo analítico da ECP / Abstract: Phase-change memory brings new opportunities for the electronics industry. Due to projections of high scalability of the fabrication process, PCM is seen as a new main memory in computing systems, replacing the traditional DRAM, whose scale problems require new future technologies that are still unknown. However, PCM has low endurance when compared with DRAM and robust failure recovery techniques are required to increase its lifetime. To address that, some error correcting techniques have been proposed, based on the non-volatile features of the PCM memories. In this work, we model and analyze the bit-ip probabilities of five such techniques (ECP, parity, SECDED, SAFER and BCH), in order to evaluate its impact to the wear out of the PCM. Using the bit-ip rate of 15%, obtained experimentally from the execution of the SPEC2006 benchmark, we mathematically modeled and simulated these techniques using both an empirical and theoretical probability rates. Our results show a clear degradation in techniques that use error-correcting codes, contradicting the previous results in the literature. Only ECP has not shown any degradation. We have also done power analyses of the above listed techniques so as to relate the endurance and the energy required by each technique. Again, the ECP stood out in the results, like SAFER as well. Finally, analytical probabilistic models for ECP and SECDED were proposed and an analysis of PAYG technique (based on ECP's analytical model) was performed / Mestrado / Ciência da Computação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação