This thesis aims to investigate the differences between what collocations are used for ‘husband’ and ‘wife’ in films and contemporary culture. The comparison spans through different decades and the decades will also be compared and analysed. The thesis will investigate if the collocates reflect the societal change and if so, can the results relate to existing power structures/gender roles? The background for the thesis consists of information about marriage history, films and their influence on culture, what a collocation is and previous research on collocation. The method used for this thesis was Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies which includes both corpus studies and discourse analysis. Consequently, a more in-depth understanding of the results and tables were given. To classify the collocates collected from the Movie Corpus (which represents movies) and the Corpus of Historical American English (representing culture) the results are presented Caldas-Coulthard and Moon’s categorisation schema. After this, in the discussion, the proportional distribution is presented because the corpora are different sizes and this way they can be compared correctly. The conclusion is that movies reflect culture somewhat, but it lacks in some areas. However, some patterns can be found. ‘Wife’ and ‘husband’ are discussed differently, and the difference in collocates shows that. Moreover, the results seem to reflect typical stereotypes that do exist and has existed.

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Abstract Word-of-mouth (WOM) personal referrals are more efficient and influential than other forms of advertising; however, there is a lack of information regarding the value of referral programs. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the perceptions of business owners, staff, and customers of alternative health care organizations in a Midwestern U.S. state about efficient referral strategies, measuring the effect of those strategies, and motivations of consumers to make referrals. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory of motivation and customer decision-making theories provided the conceptual framework. The research questions addressed how industry leaders perceived and ranked referral strategies and addressed customers' perceptions and motivations to make personal referrals. Data collection consisted of semistructured interviews with 4 business owners, 2 staff members, and 10 client participants. Data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis methods, and member checking enhanced the accuracy of the findings. Results indicated that participants viewed WOM personal referrals as the most efficient nontraditional strategy to make or receive referrals, and they perceived referrals from impartial and trustworthy sources as the most valued information. This research has implications for positive social change. Findings may be used to enhance business owners' understanding of the value of personal referrals in their marketing mix, and of the motivation for customers to make referrals. WOM personal referrals may be used as a marketing strategy to increase sales and lower costs of formal advertising, which may contribute to the growth of the business.

The IT sector is in constant change and new IT emerges constantly. This enables organizations to adopt new IT at a correspondingly rapid pace. Nonetheless, it is not certain that the adoption of new IT contributes positively to the organization’s existing application portfolio. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide insights to how organizations adopt IT and the factors that are important to ensure positive effects from adopting new IT. A case study, consisting of semi-structured interviews, was conducted on a Norwegian governmental organization. The majority of current literature on the field are describing IT adoption for commercial for-profit organizations. Since the case-organization is a governmental organization, this study will also aspire to investigate how that influence IT adoption. The empirical findings of this study show that there is a purpose of having a strategy for adopting new IT to an existing application portfolio. A framework describing the adoption process and factors of importance for successfully adopting new IT is provided. Also, the empirical findings show that being a governmental organization does not influence the adoption of IT significantly. However, the findings show that other aspects of each individual organization can have more significant influence on the adoption process. / IT-sektorn är i ständig förändring och ny IT blir ständigt tillgänglig. Detta gör det möjligt för organisationer att ta sig an ny IT i motsvarande snabba takt. Det är dock inte säkert att implementering av ny IT bidrar positivt till organisationens befintliga applikationsportfölj. Därför är syftet med denna studie att ge insikt om hur organisationer tar sig an IT och de faktorer som är viktiga för att säkerställa positiva effekter från adoption av ny IT. En fallstudie, bestående av semi-strukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på en norsk statlig organisation. Majoriteten av befintlig litteratur inom fältet beskriver IT-adoption för kommersiella vinstdrivande organisationer. Eftersom fallstudieorganisationen är en statlig organisation kommer denna studie också att undersöka hur det påverkar IT-adoption i organisationen. De empiriska resultaten från denna studie visar att det finns ett syfte med en strategi för att adoptera ny IT till en befintlig applikationsportfölj. Ett ramverk som beskriver adoptionsprocessen och faktorer som är viktiga för en framgångsrik adoptionsprocess av ny IT finns framtaget. De empiriska resultaten visar också att det att vara en statlig organisation inte påverkar adoption av IT i särskilt hög grad. Resultaten visar dock att andra aspekter av varje enskild organisation kan ha mer inflytande på adoptionsprocessen.

Under projektet ”Att brodera är ett verb –Betraktelser ur ett nålsöga” har jag använt applikationsbroderi som teknik för att transformera och bearbeta material från min omgivning. Jag har sorterat alla material efter färgcirkeln och skapat rutor som jag satt ihop till ett abstraherat lapptäcke. Arbetet har syftat till att undersöka processbaserat görande och jag har därför tagit hjälp av verben i konstnären Richard Serras ”Verb list”. Jag har satt upp fyra regler för mig själv att förhålla mig till under arbetets gång. Med reglerna har jag velat eliminera alla val och processer som inte handlar om själva görandet i sig. Lapptäcket har tagit sin slutliga form utifrån det ramverk som reglerna utgjort. Under min opponering diskuterade jag och opponenten Karin Lundgren-Tallinger främst hur jag har förhållit mig till mina regler under arbetets gång och hur de hade kunnat vara tydligare. Till Konstfacks Vårutställning hängde jag upp lapptäcket på en ställning av skrot i ett hörn och spred ut vissa rutor och andra obearbetade material så som skräp och garner i flera delar av rummet. Installationen av verket gjorde jag för att skapa en känsla av att arbetet med rutorna när som helst skulle kunna återupptas och görandet forsätta.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-25T11:50:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Karen Ambra.pdf: 3522031 bytes, checksum: 2af655ed53277c5da95825cc304ed5b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T11:50:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karen Ambra.pdf: 3522031 bytes, checksum: 2af655ed53277c5da95825cc304ed5b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-22 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / ChIPPA, on the play of “make-believe”, are perceived as pedagogically relevant to Early Childhood Education. For this purpose, twelve children, attending this level of education, participated in the study, as well as four teachers who worked there, in this level of education, and one primary school literacy teacher, all of them from a private school, located in the south of São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The literature review showed that play is a difficult concept to define, still seen in the daily school life as a natural phenomenon. It has also been demonstrated that, on the contrary, it has a social character, which is why it should be understood as a child right and, thus, intentionally implemented in schools too. The theoretical perspective adopted was Socio-historical Psychology, especially the Vygotskian concepts that deal with the relations of learning and development, of language and thought, of meanings and significance, of mediation and zone of proximal development, and the role of play in the child development. The method consisted in the application of the Children's Initiated Assessment Tool (ChiPPA) to the participating children and the use of two questionnaires, addressed to the teachers: one focused on their initial ideas about playing and their presence in the daily life of the Early Childhood Education, and another, after having made available the information on the ways of playing of each child, to verify if this data could guide the teaching planning and improve the educational practices. The results show that the ChIPPA can guide the elaboration of pedagogical objectives, since they indicate the different levels of abilities of the children in “make-believe” play. In addition, the teaching discourses that initially defended the play, but did not implement it in the quantity and quality expected in the daily school life, pointed out that, knowing the children's abilities in the games proposed, new pedagogical perspectives were unveiled, that is, the need to extend the frequency of play and its duration; to propose situations of “make-believe” play and symbolic play, and also to analyze carefully the play to, based on this, propose better planned pedagogical interventions. It was suggested that ChIPPA is an important tool for teachers in the service of learning and child development / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar se (e como) os dados oferecidos pelo ChIPPA, sobre a brincadeira de faz de conta da criança, são percebidos como pedagogicamente relevantes para a Educação Infantil. Para tanto, participaram do estudo doze crianças que frequentavam este nível de ensino, quatro professoras que nele atuavam e uma alfabetizadora do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola particular, situada na zona sul da cidade de São Paulo (SP), Brasil. A revisão de literatura mostrou que a brincadeira é um conceito de difícil definição, visto ainda no cotidiano escolar como um fenômeno natural. Foi também demonstrado que, ao contrário, ela possui caráter social, razão pela qual deve ser entendida como um direito infantil e, deste modo, implementada intencionalmente também nas escolas. A perspectiva teórica adotada foi a Psicologia Sócio-histórica, em especial os conceitos vigotskianos que tratam das relações da aprendizagem com o desenvolvimento, da linguagem com o pensamento, de sentidos e significados, de mediação e zona de desenvolvimento proximal e o papel da brincadeira no desenvolvimento infantil. O método consistiu na aplicação do Instrumento de Avaliação do Faz de Conta Iniciado pela Criança (ChiPPA) junto às crianças participantes e no emprego de dois questionários, dirigidos às professoras: um voltado às suas ideias iniciais sobre o brincar e a presença dele no cotidiano da Educação Infantil e, outro, após ter disponibilizado as informações sobre as formas de brincar de cada criança, para verificar se estes dados poderiam orientar o planejamento docente e aprimorar as práticas educativas. Os resultados mostram que o ChIPPA pode orientar a elaboração de objetivos pedagógicos, por indicarem os diferentes níveis de habilidades das crianças no brincar de faz de conta. Adicionalmente, os discursos docentes que defendiam inicialmente o brincar, mas sem o implementar na quantidade e qualidade esperada no cotidiano escolar, apontaram que, conhecidas as habilidades das crianças nas brincadeiras propostas, novas perspectivas pedagógicas foram descortinadas, ou seja, a necessidade de ampliar a frequência das brincadeiras e seu tempo de duração; de propor situações de faz de conta em torno do brincar convencional e do brincar simbólico e, também, de analisar criteriosamente a brincadeira para, com base nisso, propor intervenções pedagógicas mais bem planejadas. Sugeriu-se, portanto, que o ChIPPA constitui uma importante ferramenta para as professoras, a serviço da aprendizagem e do desenvolvimento infantil

Cette recherche porte sur l’activité de prescription de l’encadrement de proximité d’une entreprise horticole appartenant à un groupement de producteurs national. Celle-ci compte une vingtaine de permanents à l’année et accueillant autant de saisonniers durant la pleine saison. Dans cette structure où le travail est peu formalisé et l’organisation de la production pas toujours planifiée en amont, et dans un environnement où tout bouge tout le temps (élément naturel, produits vivants, variabilité industrielle), il est impossible, voire contre-productif de vouloir tout pré-écrire. Dans ce contexte, nous considérons que l’encadrant est un concepteur qui développe son activité en s’appuyant sur des cadres pour l’action préexistants dans la situation de travail et composés en partie de cadres primaires (naturels et sociaux) qu’il interprète, grâce à des ressources qu’il s’est construit sur son expérience, et en interagissant avec ses collègues. Pour organiser le travail à faire et à faire faire, et pour agir de manière efficace, l’encadrement va concevoir de l’organisation et de la prescription, dans et par l’action, en se confrontant en permanence à la réalité de la situation. Prescrire revient alors à concevoir des cadres d’action (cadres pour agir et cadres pour faire agir) en conduisant en simultané des microprojets quotidiens et des microprojets occasionnels ainsi que de séquences de conception, aux empans temporels différenciés. Lors du processus de conception de la prescription, l’encadrement transforme donc les cadres primaires en cadres secondaires, aboutissant ainsi à une succession de cadres transformés dont certains peuvent se cristalliser sous la forme d’artefacts (matérialisés ou oraux). Nous montrons que pour ce faire, l’encadrant procède à des actions de cadrage (microprojet quotidiens), de recadrage (microprojets occasionnels) et de co-cadrage (microprojets occasionnels et séquences de conception).Vue sous cet angle, l’activité de prescription aboutit à une stratification de cadres d’action. Et elle requiert non seulement une activité de conception complexe, mais aussi et surtout, une réelle créativité de l’agir de la part de l’encadrement. / This research focuses on the prescription activity for the supervision of a horticultural company. This company is owned by a group of national producers, with around twenty permanent staff and around the same number of temporary staff during the peak season. In this organisation in which the work is not formalised, the organisation of the production is not always planned ahead and where everything is in flux (natural element, living products, industrial variability), it is impossible, even against counter- productive to try to pre-write everything.In this context, we consider that the supervisor is a designer who develops his activity based on the existing frameworks for action in the work situation. These frameworks are made up of pre-existing primary frameworks (natural and social) that he interprets using the resources that he has built up based on his experience and by interacting with colleagues. To organise the work to do and to be done, and to act efficiently, the supervisor will design the organisation and the prescription (during the action and by the action) by constantly facing the reality of the situation. Prescribing then comes down to designing activity frameworks (frameworks for behaving and frameworks to drive behaviours) by simultaneously driving daily and occasional micro-projects as well as design sequences with differentiated temporal spans. During the design process of the prescription, the supervision therefore transforms primary frameworks in secondary frameworks, resulting in a succession of transformed frameworks some of which may crystallise in the form of artifacts (materialised or oral). We show that for this to happen, the supervisor conducts framing actions (daily microprojects) and re-framing actions (occasional microprojects) and of co-framing (occasional microprojects and design sequences). From this perspective, the prescription activity leads to a stratification of policy frameworks. And it requires not only complex design activities, but also and above all, real creativity of action on the part of the supervisor.

Ce travail comporte 3 volumes: 1 (texte), 2 (illustrations), 3 (description de la bibliothèque d'Érasme et liste de ses éditions princeps). Le premier volume de texte étudie à la fois les rapports entre Érasme et ses imprimeurs et démontre comment cet humaniste a été l'un des premiers auteurs a participé activement à la production matérielle de ses œuvres, utilisant la mise en page et les différents éléments constitutifs du livre (page de titre, manchette, index, paragraphe, caractère typographique) pour tenter de maitriser la réception de son œuvre auprès de ses lecteurs. Ce travail contient trois parties: dans un premier temps, il suit Érasme pas à pas à la recherche d'un imprimeur idéal, puis à partir de 1514 et de sa rencontre avec Johann Froben à Bâle, il décrit les différentes formules utilisées par Érasme pour mettre en forme ses livres. Une troisième partie étudie les épîtres rédigées par ses imprimeurs. Elle montre que l'humaniste joue un rôle également important dans la revendication de ses imprimeurs à se présenter comme humanistes./This study has three volumes :1 (texte), 2 (illustrations), 3 (description of the library of Erasmus and the list of his editio princeps). The first volume studies the relations between Erasmus and his printers. He show that this humanist is the first to be implicated in the material production of his œuvre. He uses lay-out and differents elements of the book (tittle-page, marginalia, paragraph, index, types) to control the reception of his œuvre by the public. The first volume contains three parts: first, the chronological description of the writer searching an ideal printer. In the second part, after the meeting of Erasmus and Johann Froben in Basel in 1514, this study describes the different formules uses by Erasmus to constitute a new image of the modern book. In the last part, we describe the different letters of the Erasmus's printers. We show that Erasmus was also responsable of the revendication of his printers to be also the humanists. / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis describes design of new relaxation centre building in town of Velké Meziříčí and creation of blueprints for building construction. Blueprints are furthermore supplemented by extensions for heating and concrete structures. The relaxation centre houses a wellness centre, a café, a hair and make-up salon with possibility of massage and an outdoor shop. The building is located in southern part of Velké Meziříčí – an urban area of both residential and industrial buildings. The centre is a three storey building with partial basement, flat single-layered roof and stairway, which serves as an access point for ventilation engine room located on top of the roof structure. This last element is distinguished from the rest of the building by different coloured façade panelling and serves as a dominant. Wellness centre covers the whole of ground floor and is interfaced with the first floor by additional wellness centre spaces and staff spaces. The first floor also includes the outdoor shop. Café and hair salon are situated on the second floor. Architectonic design is created in similarity to surrounding buildings and in relation to cardinal direction. Land lot is utilized for wellness centre purposes.

In this thesis body of work, I have interacted and collaborated with five friends to create images exploring human relationships. The subject matter illustrates my friends and myself acting out interpersonal issues with paper representations of one another. It has been my aim to represent my imagery in a campy thematic way. I include a discussion of the images in my body of work from both my perspective and the perspective of my models. The figurative paper images "stand in" as representatives of the genders of their subjects. I have explored multiple points of view, constructing, reconstructing and deconstructing complex compositions; experimenting with a variety of focal points; and I have increased my knowledge of lighting and color effects through digital manipulation.