Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:22:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VILSON JOSE DE SIQUEIRA.pdf: 2809293 bytes, checksum: 50c6ab7fc02810b4edce7756dcc7879e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-16 / This dissertation has as a object Santa Dica, discussing leadership and power of woman who was in Lagolândia district in the south of Goiás in 1920 s. Santa Dica was the subject of other studies and interpreted as a messianic movement in the early Republic of Brazil compared to the movement of Canudos and Contestado. The objective of this research is to explanin the relationship of leadership and power in Santa Dica relation of Lagolândia community guided in the relations of feminism and gender. To carry out this research was carried out a literature review sources already produced about Santa Dica, such as a master s dissertation Lauro de Vasconcellos, first scholarly work on Santa Dica, another analyzed dissertation was the teacher Eleonora Zicari and ending the search to dissertation Robson Rodrigues Gomes. It was as conclusive analysis, the paper points out that in the 1920 s in world and Brazil women fought for citizenship to seek the right to vote. To performing the first readings on Santa Dica I got to understand that this woman was and continue being important to the history of Goiás and also for development of historiography of Brazil. For the construction of categories of analysis as feminisms and gender. It is importance to emphasize the importance of borders between public and private life in Goiás in the twentieth century. / Esta Dissertação tem como objeto de pesquisa Santa Dica, discutindo a liderança e o poder de uma mulher no distrito de Lagolândia no sul de Goiás, na década de 1920. Santa Dica foi tema de outros estudos e interpretado como um movimento messiânico, no início do Brasil República, tendo sido comparado ao movimento de Canudos e Contestado. O objetivo desta pesquisa é explicar a relação de liderança e poder de Santa Dica, na comunidade de Lagolândia, pautada nas relações de gênero. Para execução desta pesquisa foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de fontes já elaboradas sobre Santa Dica, como, por exemplo, a dissertação de mestrado de Lauro de Vasconcellos, primeiro trabalho acadêmico sobre Santa Dica; outra dissertação analisada foi da professora Eleonora Zicari e, por último, a dissertação de Robson Rodrigues Gomes. Como análise conclusiva, o trabalho aponta que, na década de 1920, no Mundo e no Brasil, as mulheres lutaram por cidadania ao buscarem o direito ao voto. Ao realizar as primeiras leituras sobre Santa Dica, compreendi que essa mulher foi e é importante para a História de Goiás e também para o desenvolvimento da Historiografia do Brasil. Para a construção de categorias de análise como feminismo e de gênero, é importante ressaltar a importância das fronteiras entre a vida pública e vida privada em Goiás no século XX.

Introdução: Este estudo examina o sujeito social que constitui a Cracolândia, território na área de Luz, cidade de São Paulo. Assume-se que o fenômeno da Cracolândia é parte da questão social e, portanto, não pode ser atribuída ao uso de drogas, ou ao efeito do crack. A análise dos trabalhos científicos levantados na revisão da literatura, indexados na base de dados Scopus, permitiu perceber a conformidade da maior parte da produção científica com os fundamentos da moderna saúde pública, que busca identificar os grupos vulneráveis ao consumo de crack, deixando de fora da equação a dimensão estrutural que conforma a questão social e as dimensões da produção e da circulação do crack, como uma droga ilícita. O objetivo geral é o compreender o sujeito social que constitui a Cracolândia e os objetivos específicos são: identificar a reprodução social dos indivíduos que frequentam ou que vivem na Cracolândia; analisar as trajetórias de vida desses sujeitos e levantar a presença de consumo de crack e a percepção do papel do consumo em suas vidas e nas vidas dos usuários em geral. O objetivo político é o de propor uma nova base para políticas públicas na região da Cracolândia, a partir da compreensão da realidade de quem frequenta ou vive na região. Método: Este é um estudo de caso, uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida sob os fundamentos teóricos do materialismo histórico e dialético, no campo da Saúde Coletiva, que se pauta pela explicação social a respeito do fenômeno do uso de drogas. Utilizou-se entrevistas, desenvolvendo-se um instrumento de coleta de dados com duas partes: a) variáveis para a composição do Índice de Reprodução Social das famílias dos participantes e b) questões abertas sobre a trajetória de vida dos indivíduos, o lugar que a Cracolândia e o crack ocupam nessas trajetórias. O trabalho de campo foi realizado na Cracolândia, usando a técnica de bola de neve. Foram entrevistados dez participantes, nove homens e uma mulher. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que quase todos os entrevistados vieram de outros estados do Brasil, tendo imigrado por diversos motivos: ameaças à vida, para escapar de penas de prisão, perseguição política e, especialmente, para buscar melhores condições sociais. Viver na Cracolândia para todos parece ter uma dimensão de proteção forte, procurada por conta da marginalização, atributo da questão social, um processo histórico inerente às sociedades capitalistas. Assim, o grupo chegou à Cracolândia pela ausência de proteção social, processo agravado pelo modelo capitalista neoliberal. Com relação ao uso de drogas, sete relataram o uso de crack e de drogas lícitas. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a categoria central para a compreensão do sujeito social que constitui a Cracolândia é a questão social e não a questão do uso de drogas ou crack particularmente. As pessoas que frequentam ou moram na Cracolândia estão essencialmente expostas a processos de empobrecimento e marginalização resultantes da reestruturação produtiva do capitalismo e da desproteção social, que reduziu empregos formais e brutalmente expandiu o exército de reserva, que é parcialmente representado pelo grupo social que constitui a Cracolândia de São Paulo. / Introduction: This study examines the social subject (group) that constitutes the Cracolândia, territory in the Luz area, city of São Paulo. We assume that the phenomenon of the São Paulos Cracolândia is part of the social question and therefore cannot be attributed to the drug use, or to the crack itself. The scientific papers raised in the literature review indexed in the Scopus database allowed realizing their compliance with the foundations of the modern public health, which is seeking to identify vulnerable groups to the crack consumption, leaving out of the equation the structural dimension of the social problem, and the dimension of the production and circulation of the crack. The overall objective is to understand the social subject that constitutes the Cracolândia, and the specific objectives are: to identify the social reproduction of individuals staying or living in Cracolândia; to analyze the life histories of these subjects and to raise the existence of crack use and perception of the role of consumption in their lives and the lives of users in general. The political purpose is to propose a new basis for public policy in the Cracolândia region, from understanding the reality of who stays or lives in that region. Method: This is a qualitative research case study developed under the theoretical foundations of Dialectical and Historical Materialism, in the field of Collective Heath which outlines the social explanation of the phenomenon of drug use. We used the interviews and developed an instrument to collect data with two parts formed by: a) variables for composition of the Social Reproduction Index of the participants families, and b) opened questions about the life trajectory of the individuals, the place which Cracolândia and crack use occupy in these trajectories. Fieldwork was conducted in Cracolândia using the snowball technique. Ten participants were interviewed, nine men and one woman. Results: The results show that: almost all respondents came from other states of Brazil, having immigrated for different reasons: threats to life, to escape imprisonment, political persecution and especially searching for better social conditions. Living in Cracolândia for all seems to have a strong protective dimension, sought because of the marginalization, occasioned by the social question, an inherent historical process of capitalist societies. The interviewed also came to the Cracolândia for the lack of social protection, aggravated by the neoliberal capitalist model. With respect to drug use, seven reported using crack and all used licit drugs. Conclusion: we conclude that the central category for understanding the social group that constitutes Cracolândia lies in the social issue and not in the issue of drug use itself. People are primarily exposed to processes of impoverishment andmarginalization resulting from the productive restructuring of capitalism that has reduced formal jobs and mechanisms of social protection and brutally expanded the reserve army, which is partially represented by the social group that constitutes the São Paulo´s Cracolândia

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Rocco.pdf: 17977934 bytes, checksum: 6425df2bc2652d9f658a92acf4b356cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The main objective of this dissertation is to introduce the children's perspective as a legitimate means of elaborating the processes of production of the urban space. The children who participated in this study and their families arein a situation of social exclusion na primeira frase fica melhor and subjected to an impending removal from their place of living, Favela da Paz, in the district of Itaquera, located on the Zona Leste of the City of São Paulo. The study was undertaken during the arrangements for the 2014 World Cup and the concurring transformation of the surroundings of the Corinthians Stadium. The researcher interviewed the children at the "quadra", an open space in the center of the shanty town/favela, where the children play. Many of the shanty town's/ favela's activities take place on this same spot, including debating reunions about the issue of the removal. This study was carried out using the methods of participant observation and interviews with the children. Despite their usual elaboration as marginal subjects, in this dissertation, the children are treated as social agents in their own right, through whose perceived reality the broader conflict of social exclusion is analysed. Through the interaction of the researcher and the children, the act of playing (and associated practices) is considered of main importance for the children's elaboration of their surroundings and its related issues, such as conflicts over the urban territory, exemplified by the many social interferences their place of living is subjected to / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo central introduzir a criança como agente legítimo de perspectiva para pensar os processos de produção do espaço urbano. Sobretudo, em situação de exclusão social, aqui traduzida na possibilidade iminente da remoção das famílias moradoras da Favela da Paz, localizada no distrito de Itaquera, Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Foi no momento dos preparativos para a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e das transformações do entorno do Estádio do Corinthians, que chamou a atenção do pesquisador, assumir essa favela como objeto de reflexão a partir da perspectiva das crianças que lá vivem. Era numa área aberta na parte central da favela, destinada a atividades dos moradores, inclusive reuniões relacionadas a tratar sobre a ameaça de remoção, que o pesquisador teve contato com as crianças que utilizavam esse mesmo espaço para brincar. Empreendeu-se, portanto, pesquisa de campo com a realização de entrevistas e observação participante, buscando assumir a criança como o agente para analisar esse conflito. Assim, a partir da interação entre pesquisador e pesquisado, contatou-se a importância da brincadeira, e das práticas implícitas a ela, como meio de elaboração das crianças frente a questões envolvendo a disputa pelo espaço, figuradas, principalmente, como interferências nesse mesmo lugar

<div>We consider the models of sequential games over supply chain networks and production chain networks. In the supply chain model, we show that in particular, for series-parallel networks, there is a unique equilibrium. </div><div>We provide a polynomial time algorithm to compute the equilibrium and study the impact of the network structure to the total trade flow at equilibrium. Our results shed light on the trade-off between competition, production cost, and double marginalization. </div><div><br></div><div>In the production chain model, we investigated sequential decisions and delegation options over three agents, chain, and tree networks. Our main contribution is showing the value of delegation and how to maximumly leverage the middleman's aligned interests with the principal. In particular, we provide a polynomial time algorithm to find the optimal delegation structure and the corresponding necessary contract payments for the principal. Furthermore, we analyzed the trade-off of the delegation and gave a deeper insight into the value of delegation in different conditions. Several questions are left for future research such as what's the optimal delegation structures in general tree and how to build the model that agents can try multiple times until the task is successful. </div>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Rocco.pdf: 17977934 bytes, checksum: 6425df2bc2652d9f658a92acf4b356cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The main objective of this dissertation is to introduce the children's perspective as a legitimate means of elaborating the processes of production of the urban space. The children who participated in this study and their families arein a situation of social exclusion na primeira frase fica melhor and subjected to an impending removal from their place of living, Favela da Paz, in the district of Itaquera, located on the Zona Leste of the City of São Paulo. The study was undertaken during the arrangements for the 2014 World Cup and the concurring transformation of the surroundings of the Corinthians Stadium. The researcher interviewed the children at the "quadra", an open space in the center of the shanty town/favela, where the children play. Many of the shanty town's/ favela's activities take place on this same spot, including debating reunions about the issue of the removal. This study was carried out using the methods of participant observation and interviews with the children. Despite their usual elaboration as marginal subjects, in this dissertation, the children are treated as social agents in their own right, through whose perceived reality the broader conflict of social exclusion is analysed. Through the interaction of the researcher and the children, the act of playing (and associated practices) is considered of main importance for the children's elaboration of their surroundings and its related issues, such as conflicts over the urban territory, exemplified by the many social interferences their place of living is subjected to / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo central introduzir a criança como agente legítimo de perspectiva para pensar os processos de produção do espaço urbano. Sobretudo, em situação de exclusão social, aqui traduzida na possibilidade iminente da remoção das famílias moradoras da Favela da Paz, localizada no distrito de Itaquera, Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Foi no momento dos preparativos para a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e das transformações do entorno do Estádio do Corinthians, que chamou a atenção do pesquisador, assumir essa favela como objeto de reflexão a partir da perspectiva das crianças que lá vivem. Era numa área aberta na parte central da favela, destinada a atividades dos moradores, inclusive reuniões relacionadas a tratar sobre a ameaça de remoção, que o pesquisador teve contato com as crianças que utilizavam esse mesmo espaço para brincar. Empreendeu-se, portanto, pesquisa de campo com a realização de entrevistas e observação participante, buscando assumir a criança como o agente para analisar esse conflito. Assim, a partir da interação entre pesquisador e pesquisado, contatou-se a importância da brincadeira, e das práticas implícitas a ela, como meio de elaboração das crianças frente a questões envolvendo a disputa pelo espaço, figuradas, principalmente, como interferências nesse mesmo lugar

Researchers have demonstrated that the Nigerian government has failed to protect women's rights and advance gender equality in political leadership; consequently, women's political participation in Nigeria remains low. Although international laws grant women political participation rights, little is known about the struggles and experiences Nigerian women face in their quest to participate in the political life of Nigeria. The purpose of this basic interpretative qualitative study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Nigerian women on gender equality and other issues affecting their political leadership. The theoretical framework used was Eagly's social role theory and Ayman and Korabik's leadership categorization theory. The research questions focused on how women describe their participation in the political sector and their obstacles. Ten purposefully selected Nigerian women in Nigerian political leadership were interviewed. Data analysis included coding, categorizing, and analyzing themes. The resulting 7 themes were underrepresentation, gender inequality, male dominance, women's empowerment, spousal support/approval, financial support, and legislation reform. The findings indicated that women were still underrepresented in the political sector of government and lacked full political power as they strived for equality to become political leaders. The implications for positive social change are to educate the public, inform policy makers, and create legislative initiatives to support an equitable society in Nigeria in which women can participate fully in the political process.

The Hispanic population in central Texas tends to have low levels of civic engagement as compared to other groups in the same area, which leads to disproportionate political marginalization. Prior research has focused on characteristics of voters and nonvoters, but has failed to explore the lack of political mobilization among Hispanic voters. The purpose of this study was twofold; first to better understand the nature of Hispanic voters' political marginalization, and second, explore why participation levels are so low among this group. This general qualitative study applied critical race theory to explore the barriers perceived by Hispanic voters related to political marginalization that may contribute to low voter participation. Data were collected through interviews with 20 randomly selected Hispanic people residing in central Texas. Interview data were transcribed, inductively coded, and then organized into themes. The key research findings identified 3 themes that potentially explain low civic engagement; a general distrust in government, a deficiency of civics education in the public school system, and specific cultural preferences that may contribute to low levels of participation in voting and politics. Findings also revealed that there is little understanding of the voting process, and few public initiatives to encourage the Hispanic voter community to vote or otherwise engage in participatory democracy. Recommendations to policy makers to promote positive social change include increasing funding for civic education, and creating voter outreach programs. Policy makers and politicians should also seek out ways to build trust in the political process throughout the Hispanic community.

There is a lack of female police officer representation in police departments nationwide. Women's position, or lack thereof, in law enforcement is a topic of discussion in many police literature reviews. However, there were minimal studies detailing female police officers' personal experiences in the law enforcement profession. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and understand the perceptions and lived experiences of female police officers, as well as the impact those experiences had on their careers. Female participants from 3 police departments formed the purposive sample that included 8 full-time female police officers. The feminist theory helped to clarify the constructed meanings the women attached to their experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the data analysis was guided by the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method. The findings revealed that all of the women pursued law enforcement careers and remained in the profession for reasons similar to what they perceived to be the reasons among the male police officers in their respective departments. The participants also suggested that the perceived intentional institutional barriers did not impact the female police officers' job satisfaction. This study contributes to social change by raising awareness about the current status, concerns, and accomplishments of women in law enforcement. Additionally, findings may assist police administrators and legislators in creating policies and procedures that incorporate the needs of female officers.

This dissertation is a study of the changing living conditions for the Sami in Swedish Såpmi (Samiland) throughout the twentieth century with an analysis based on a gender and ethnic perspective. At the turn of the century, the Sami lived as nomadic reindeer herders and were primarily self- sufficient. This changed as the reindeer herders shifted from a self-sufficient lifestyle to a money economy tor a variety of reasons. Over time they became more integrated in the dominant Swedish society and even more dependent on it. Reindeer herding has become increasingly mechanized since the I960's with rationalizations as a result. Even in to the 1990's the industry was the object of streamlining ettorts. A process of masculinization has also occurred and today's reindeer herding is a distinctly male coded profession. Women do not regularly participate in the daily work of reindeer breeding and their ability to have any direct influence on the herding districts (sameby) is limited. This is also largely true in terms of the Sami Parliament, the Sami popularly elected body. The Sami population has experienced unfavorable special legislation and regulation from the State. The population was divided into several different categories with different rights. Sami women were marginalized two-fold and subordinated, partly because of their ethnic affiliation (as Sami) and partly because of their sex (as women). This continues to be true today. The analysis of gender division of labor shows that a married couple had their own autonomous areas of power within the household. The wife was however still subordinate to her husband in his role as master of the family. The older reindeer herding society was not noted for its equality. There was a distinct hierarchy based on sex, age, and social status. Division of labor in modern reindeer breeding is in principle based on the same normative system as the older nomadic society. The study of the ethnic processes in Såpmi shows among other things that from a Sami perspective, a person is Sami who is related to other Sami and whose actions are based on a Sami identity. It is also clear today that there are many different Sami identities, that an individual person draws from a number of such identities and that it is the context that determines which of these are active in any given situation. The Sami identity is sex-based, i.e. there is a difference between a "male Sami" and a "female Sami." Sami women, unlike Sami men, cannot be politically active while also being active based on their sexual identity. Were they to do so, they would be excluded by definition from their ethnic group. Sami women must therefore subordinate themselves as women to be "genuine" Sami. They thereby contribute to their own marginalization and help maintain their own subordinated position in the Sami society. / digitalisering@umu

This study is focusing on the conflict-induced internally displaced Kurdish women&rsquo / s experiences. There has been an ongoing internal armed conflict in Turkey since 1984 and one of the consequences of this conflict is the internal displacement that occured in 1990s. In the displacement process, women and other family members were victimized. They did not only loose their homelands, but they also had to struggle in the city centers with poverty and discrimination. After they started to live in the city centers, women may become both marginalized and empowered. The aim of the study is to understand the situations that lead Kurdish women to be marginalized and/or empowered in the cities to which they have been forced to migrate. After the displacement process, which is one of the major victimization processes for these women, some of them may be trapped in ethnic and gender-based discrimination and may become more marginalized in the city centers. But marginalization and empowerment are not fixed categories and there is always a possibility for these women to transform their marginalized position into empowerment. By political engagement, working outside house and/or being head of the househod these women may break the cycle of their marginalization and becomes empowered in the city centers.