A inferência de estratégias ofensivas em esportes coletivos pode ser realizada a partir da análise dos padrões de jogo observados durante a disputa. Para que isso ocorra, há a necessidade da formalização de classes de comportamentos específicos para a modalidade de forma a discriminar perfis de jogo com base na identificação das ações mais recorrentes. No basquetebol as ações são encadeadas ao longo da posse de bola, sendo que os diferentes tipos de sequências de ações contêm características que os diferenciam e podem influenciar diretamente no desfecho do ataque. Nesse trabalho foi apresentada uma proposta contendo diferentes possibilidades de sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas baseadas em um modelo teórico descrito na literatura. Os procedimentos de validação do sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas e os testes de reprodutibilidade e objetividade realizados junto a técnicos de basquetebol apresentaram valores elevados demonstrando a consistência dos critérios para a elaboração de 27 tipos de concatenações dependentes (Qui-quadrado >0,78). Além disso, a estrutura desenvolvida foi concluída através da aplicação do constructo a jogos de basquetebol da liga profissional Americana (NBA) (28 partidas, dentre as quais 10 partidas do confronto entre Spurs x Thunder, 10 partidas referentes ao confronto entre Heat e Pacers e 8 partidas da disputa envolvendo Heat e Spurs, sendo analisados ambos os ataques em cada confronto, válidos pela temporada regular e na fase de playoffs). Os resultados gerados a partir da análise foram apresentados através de árvores de decisão e grafos de modo a facilitar a visualização dos comportamentos identificados. A árvore de decisão apresentou as ações na sequência exata em que ocorreram nas posses de bola, enquanto os grafos mostraram os encadeamentos mais recorrentes entre duas dinâmicas ofensivas. Assim ambas as técnicas se mostraram complementares e auxiliaram na observação e análise dos perfis de jogo de cada equipe e na realização de inferências acerca de sua estratégia ofensiva. A formalização dos tipos de sequenciamento de ações ofensivas pode auxiliar treinadores e profissionais do basquetebol no desenho de estratégias, análise dos padrões de suas equipes e adversários e estruturação de sessões de treinamento que considerem os comportamentos ofensivos de modo dinâmico e contextualizado dentro de um encadeamento lógico de ações de jogo / The inference of offensive strategy in team sports can be performed through the analysis of game patterns observed during the games. To achieve such a goal, formal classes of behavior have to be developed for each sport to discriminate the most recurrent offensive actions. In basketball, the game actions are usually linked along a ball possession and different types of sequences of actions contain features that differentiate then and can directly influence the offense outcome. In this study a proposal containing different possibilities of offensive dynamic sequencing based on a theoretical model described in the literature was presented. Validation procedures of sequencing offensive dynamics and reliability and objectivity tests performed with basketball coaches presented high score demonstrating the consistency of the developed criteria and resulting in the creation of 27 types of dependent concatenations (Chi-square >0,78). In addition, the developed structure was completed by applying the construct in professional basketball games of National Basketball Association (NBA) (28 games, of which 10 matches related to the dispute between Spurs vs Thunder, 10 matches between Heat and Pacers and 8 matches from the dispute involving Heat and Spurs, being analyzed both attacks on each match, valid for regular season and playoffs). The results from the data analysis were presented by decision trees and graphs to facilitate the visualization of the identified behaviors. Decision trees presented the offensive actions in the exact sequence in which they occurred in ball possessions while the graphs showed the most recurrent concatenation between two offensive dynamics. Both techniques showed to be complementary and allowed the observation and analysis of game profiles of each team and to make inferences about offensive strategy. The formalization of types os sequencing of offensive actions can help coaches and basketball professionals to design game strategies, to analyse offensive patterns from their teams and the opponets and to structuring sessions of practice that consider offensive behaviors in a dynamic view and contextualized within a logical sequence of game actions

Cyber-Incident Response (or, as it was initially called, Computer Incident response) has traditionally followed cyclic models such as the SEI Incident Response Cycle and SANS models, which aim to detect and identify incidents, stop, contain and eradicate them. Using the knowledge gained from the incidents, these models then advocate improving the capabilities to defend against subsequent attacks of the same nature. Although some later versions of these models, including the NIST model proposed in 2012, have nested the cycles to provide a more reactive response, they are neither demonstrably empirically founded nor do they represent the interests of all stakeholders within an organisation. This research addresses cyber-incident response from a broader perspective, looking from the viewpoint of a cross-functional set of stakeholders and ensures that incident response decisions are sensitive to temporal priorities, taken from an organisation-wide perspective and provide a range of responses rather than only containing and eradicating an incident. During this research, principal component analysis and structural equation modelling were used to develop the Dynamic Cyber Incident Response Model (DCIRM) which resulted in the development of a fielded prototype tool, the Cyber Operations Support Tool (COST). COST was then subjected to both controlled experimentation and operational validation. Empirical analysis of both of these activities confirmed the utility and effectiveness of the COST and the underlying DCIRM. The COST has since been used to train military cyber operational planners. The novel areas of this research are the dynamic nature of DCIRM which takes account of the changing asset values based on the point in the business/mission cycle, the trade-off between risk to the organisation and gathering intelligence during an incident, the flexibility in response options within organisational constraints and the abstraction of the information to allow a non-cyber specialist to make an appropriate incident response decision.

A inferência de estratégias ofensivas em esportes coletivos pode ser realizada a partir da análise dos padrões de jogo observados durante a disputa. Para que isso ocorra, há a necessidade da formalização de classes de comportamentos específicos para a modalidade de forma a discriminar perfis de jogo com base na identificação das ações mais recorrentes. No basquetebol as ações são encadeadas ao longo da posse de bola, sendo que os diferentes tipos de sequências de ações contêm características que os diferenciam e podem influenciar diretamente no desfecho do ataque. Nesse trabalho foi apresentada uma proposta contendo diferentes possibilidades de sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas baseadas em um modelo teórico descrito na literatura. Os procedimentos de validação do sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas e os testes de reprodutibilidade e objetividade realizados junto a técnicos de basquetebol apresentaram valores elevados demonstrando a consistência dos critérios para a elaboração de 27 tipos de concatenações dependentes (Qui-quadrado >0,78). Além disso, a estrutura desenvolvida foi concluída através da aplicação do constructo a jogos de basquetebol da liga profissional Americana (NBA) (28 partidas, dentre as quais 10 partidas do confronto entre Spurs x Thunder, 10 partidas referentes ao confronto entre Heat e Pacers e 8 partidas da disputa envolvendo Heat e Spurs, sendo analisados ambos os ataques em cada confronto, válidos pela temporada regular e na fase de playoffs). Os resultados gerados a partir da análise foram apresentados através de árvores de decisão e grafos de modo a facilitar a visualização dos comportamentos identificados. A árvore de decisão apresentou as ações na sequência exata em que ocorreram nas posses de bola, enquanto os grafos mostraram os encadeamentos mais recorrentes entre duas dinâmicas ofensivas. Assim ambas as técnicas se mostraram complementares e auxiliaram na observação e análise dos perfis de jogo de cada equipe e na realização de inferências acerca de sua estratégia ofensiva. A formalização dos tipos de sequenciamento de ações ofensivas pode auxiliar treinadores e profissionais do basquetebol no desenho de estratégias, análise dos padrões de suas equipes e adversários e estruturação de sessões de treinamento que considerem os comportamentos ofensivos de modo dinâmico e contextualizado dentro de um encadeamento lógico de ações de jogo / The inference of offensive strategy in team sports can be performed through the analysis of game patterns observed during the games. To achieve such a goal, formal classes of behavior have to be developed for each sport to discriminate the most recurrent offensive actions. In basketball, the game actions are usually linked along a ball possession and different types of sequences of actions contain features that differentiate then and can directly influence the offense outcome. In this study a proposal containing different possibilities of offensive dynamic sequencing based on a theoretical model described in the literature was presented. Validation procedures of sequencing offensive dynamics and reliability and objectivity tests performed with basketball coaches presented high score demonstrating the consistency of the developed criteria and resulting in the creation of 27 types of dependent concatenations (Chi-square >0,78). In addition, the developed structure was completed by applying the construct in professional basketball games of National Basketball Association (NBA) (28 games, of which 10 matches related to the dispute between Spurs vs Thunder, 10 matches between Heat and Pacers and 8 matches from the dispute involving Heat and Spurs, being analyzed both attacks on each match, valid for regular season and playoffs). The results from the data analysis were presented by decision trees and graphs to facilitate the visualization of the identified behaviors. Decision trees presented the offensive actions in the exact sequence in which they occurred in ball possessions while the graphs showed the most recurrent concatenation between two offensive dynamics. Both techniques showed to be complementary and allowed the observation and analysis of game profiles of each team and to make inferences about offensive strategy. The formalization of types os sequencing of offensive actions can help coaches and basketball professionals to design game strategies, to analyse offensive patterns from their teams and the opponets and to structuring sessions of practice that consider offensive behaviors in a dynamic view and contextualized within a logical sequence of game actions

In recent decades, the EU has significantly expanded its presence and influence in many of the former Soviet states. This essay have examined how the relationship between the EU and Russia has change since The Eastern Partnership was introduced 2009 and the extent to which it can be seen as a contributing factor. The Eastern Partnership is a joint initiative involving the EU, its Member States and six Eastern European Partners. Among this six this essay has focued on Ukraine and its part in the relationship between EU and Russia. This essay have been a theory-consuming case study that analyzes and explains the EU and Russia`s actions concerning the EaP, with the help of Mearsheimer`s theory of offensive realism. The analysis showed that the relations between EU and Russia had changed and deteriorated. The Eastern Partnership has provoked Russia and has made them feel restricted in their sphere of power. There has been a conflict over the six countries, including Ukraine, between the EU and Russia.

South Korea should join the US BMD in Northeast Asia. Application of Offensive Realism clearly shows that China is a potential threat to South Korea, and Seoul requires an alliance partner in order to counter the threat from the west. The immense latent power and offensive military capabilities of China, coupled with its nuclear strategic weapons render China as a potential threat to South Korean national security. No independent action from South Korea would be sufficient to balance against China, hence the need for an ally. The United States is already engaged in relative power maximization against China. In addition, its role as an offshore balancer and status as a regional hegemon in the western hemisphere makes the US the most ideal alliance partner for South Korea. The alliance with the US to balance against China cannot be built upon the existing ROK-US alliance, because the current status of the alliance has deteriorated. One of the key causes of alliance deterioration could be attributed to the unilateral American security assistance to South Korea. Seoul’s participation in the US BMD would solve the non-reciprocating role of South Korea found in the existing ROK-US alliance. Because the benefits from South Korea’s participation in the US BMD are great for Washington, Seoul would be able to secure the US as an alliance partner to balance against China. Keywords: US, South Korea, China, Ballistic Missile Defense, ROK-US Alliance, Offensive Realism.

<p>Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka vilka former av kränkande handlingar som finns bland eleverna i årskurs åtta på en friskola i Örebro. Metoden har varit observationsstudier på skolan samt intervjuer med elever och skolpersonal. I studien ingick omkring 80 elever där könsfördelningen varit 70 % flickor och 30 % pojkar. De kränkningar som observerats har varit av fysisk, verbal, emotionell och sexuell form. Särskilt de verbala kränkningarna har varit framträdande. Det har även påträffats könsskillnader i fråga om vilken typ av kränkningsform som har använts. Flickorna var mer framträdande i de sammanhang där negativa kommentarer och emotionella kränkningar fanns. Pojkarna var oftare inblandade i incidenter med fysiska kränkningar. En slutsats är att kränkningar förekommer på den undersökta skolan men att de flesta inte tycker att de tär något större problem. Eleverna trivs i sin skola och litar på att lärarna tar tag i situationen om mobbning skulle uppstå.</p> / <p>The purpose with this study was to investigate school bullying among students at a highschool in Örebro. The study used observational research and interviews to examine different aspects of bullying. The participants were about 80 students in the eight grade, 70 of them were girls. The result has been validated by triangulation. Of the observations offensive acts in forms of physical, verbal, emotional and sexual has been noted. Especially the verbal dimension was reported frequently. There were gender differences, with girls experiencing negative comments and some emotional bullying. The boys experienced more physical bullying. The conclusion is that bullying and offensive acts exist at the investigated school but the general student does not seem to be troubled by this. The students are happy with their situation and they trust their teachers will handle the problems with bullying.</p>

<p><p>The purpose of this study was to show how two schools from a municipality in greater Stockholm work with a document called "likabehandlingsplan", literally „plan for equal treatment‟. This document is required by law in Swedish schools and a part of each municipality‟s program. The goal of the study was to see how teachers and school principals view and work with the plan as a part of their work in preventing discrimination and offensive behavior, in particular in dealing with problems with bullying.<p> </p><p>The two schools‟ plans were compared for similarities and differences and how they chose to follow the municipality‟s guidelines was examined. In-depth interviews were made with two teachers and two principals. These were taped, transcribed and compared.<p> </p><p>The results showed that the two schools‟ plans were similar as to goals and the importance the teachers and principals attach to this work. The results of the interviews showed that the teachers/principals have a good knowledge about bullying and well-developed techniques for dealing with it and that they are dedicated in their work to prevent bullying. They are aware of problems that occur when school personnel are not present. Working with the "plan for equal treatment" has been an important part of their work towards their goal of preventing and treating bullying.<p> </p><p> </p></p></p></p></p>

<p>There are words and topics of conversation that are considered taboo and offensive in the English language. Offensive words can be divided into different categories, based on the way they are used and in what situation. Topics of conversation that are considered taboo are for example sexual activity and death.</p><p>Men and women are said to use language differently, in a number of areas. One of these areas concerns offensive language. It is considered masculine to swear and women are prone to use euphemisms more than men, i.e. the mildest form possible of an offensive word. Studies have shown that men and women feel more comfortable using taboo language with members of the same sex than with members of the opposite sex.</p><p>This paper aims to study the differences in language use between men and women and apply the findings on eight episodes of the American television series Sex and the City, with focus on offensive language. The purpose is to study whether or not the female characters of the show use a typically male language and if they do, if it could be a reason for them being perceived as strong women.</p>

The purpose of this study was to show how two schools from a municipality in greater Stockholm work with a document called "likabehandlingsplan", literally „plan for equal treatment‟. This document is required by law in Swedish schools and a part of each municipality‟s program. The goal of the study was to see how teachers and school principals view and work with the plan as a part of their work in preventing discrimination and offensive behavior, in particular in dealing with problems with bullying.  The two schools‟ plans were compared for similarities and differences and how they chose to follow the municipality‟s guidelines was examined. In-depth interviews were made with two teachers and two principals. These were taped, transcribed and compared.  The results showed that the two schools‟ plans were similar as to goals and the importance the teachers and principals attach to this work. The results of the interviews showed that the teachers/principals have a good knowledge about bullying and well-developed techniques for dealing with it and that they are dedicated in their work to prevent bullying. They are aware of problems that occur when school personnel are not present. Working with the "plan for equal treatment" has been an important part of their work towards their goal of preventing and treating bullying.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka vilka former av kränkande handlingar som finns bland eleverna i årskurs åtta på en friskola i Örebro. Metoden har varit observationsstudier på skolan samt intervjuer med elever och skolpersonal. I studien ingick omkring 80 elever där könsfördelningen varit 70 % flickor och 30 % pojkar. De kränkningar som observerats har varit av fysisk, verbal, emotionell och sexuell form. Särskilt de verbala kränkningarna har varit framträdande. Det har även påträffats könsskillnader i fråga om vilken typ av kränkningsform som har använts. Flickorna var mer framträdande i de sammanhang där negativa kommentarer och emotionella kränkningar fanns. Pojkarna var oftare inblandade i incidenter med fysiska kränkningar. En slutsats är att kränkningar förekommer på den undersökta skolan men att de flesta inte tycker att de tär något större problem. Eleverna trivs i sin skola och litar på att lärarna tar tag i situationen om mobbning skulle uppstå. / The purpose with this study was to investigate school bullying among students at a highschool in Örebro. The study used observational research and interviews to examine different aspects of bullying. The participants were about 80 students in the eight grade, 70 of them were girls. The result has been validated by triangulation. Of the observations offensive acts in forms of physical, verbal, emotional and sexual has been noted. Especially the verbal dimension was reported frequently. There were gender differences, with girls experiencing negative comments and some emotional bullying. The boys experienced more physical bullying. The conclusion is that bullying and offensive acts exist at the investigated school but the general student does not seem to be troubled by this. The students are happy with their situation and they trust their teachers will handle the problems with bullying.