abstract: Detecting anatomical structures, such as the carina, the pulmonary trunk and the aortic arch, is an important step in designing a CAD system of detection Pulmonary Embolism. The presented CAD system gets rid of the high-level prior defined knowledge to become a system which can easily extend to detect other anatomic structures. The system is based on a machine learning algorithm --- AdaBoost and a general feature --- Haar. This study emphasizes on off-line and on-line AdaBoost learning. And in on-line AdaBoost, the thesis further deals with extremely imbalanced condition. The thesis first reviews several knowledge-based detection methods, which are relied on human being's understanding of the relationship between anatomic structures. Then the thesis introduces a classic off-line AdaBoost learning. The thesis applies different cascading scheme, namely multi-exit cascading scheme. The comparison between the two methods will be provided and discussed. Both of the off-line AdaBoost methods have problems in memory usage and time consuming. Off-line AdaBoost methods need to store all the training samples and the dataset need to be set before training. The dataset cannot be enlarged dynamically. Different training dataset requires retraining the whole process. The retraining is very time consuming and even not realistic. To deal with the shortcomings of off-line learning, the study exploited on-line AdaBoost learning approach. The thesis proposed a novel pool based on-line method with Kalman filters and histogram to better represent the distribution of the samples' weight. Analysis of the performance, the stability and the computational complexity will be provided in the thesis. Furthermore, the original on-line AdaBoost performs badly in imbalanced conditions, which occur frequently in medical image processing. In image dataset, positive samples are limited and negative samples are countless. A novel Self-Adaptive Asymmetric On-line Boosting method is presented. The method utilized a new asymmetric loss criterion with self-adaptability according to the ratio of exposed positive and negative samples and it has an advanced rule to update sample's importance weight taking account of both classification result and sample's label. Compared to traditional on-line AdaBoost Learning method, the new method can achieve far more accuracy in imbalanced conditions. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computing Studies 2011

This diploma thesis treats of affiliate marketing in the Czech Republic and is divided up into two parts.The first, the theoretical one, is about explaining of affiliate marketing in general, historical milestones of affiliate marketing, affiliate networks, affiliate programs, but also about online and offline marketing and other affiliate marketing related terms. The own part of work includes a survey results researching awareness of affiliate marketing among respondents and their perceiving of online advertising, then SWOT matrixs identifying of strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of affiliate marketing as for merchants as for partners. At least but not last there are explored affiliate softwares for smaller merchants and also costs of affiliate marketing in the first year and consequently reviewed and eventually selected the best possible option for czech market.

I dagsläget saknas ett effektivt sätt att ute i fält kunna mäta in sträckor och tillhörande kartobjekt vid planering av nybyggnation av vägar. Skogsbolagen önskar att kunna göra detta med en mobil enhet med eller utan internetuppkoppling med hjälp av ett geografiskt informationssystems-ramverk med öppen källkod. Därför har vi utfört en fallstudie. Det vi behövde ha svar på var vilka krav som ställts på en sådan lösning. Dessa krav fördes fram genom en intervju med en person hos vår samarbetspartner som hade haft kontakt med ett skogsbolag. Vi identifierade åtta ramverk varav fem återstod efter sållningen. Sållningen utfördes genom att avfärda ramverk som ej uppfyllde de huvudkrav framförda genom intervjun. Dessa fem ramverk analyserades genom att ta fram för- och nackdelar baserat på hur väl dessa ramverk uppfyllde de jämförelsekriterier vi tagit fram. Jämförelsekriterierna baserades på kraven vi fick fram genom intervjun, samt ytterligare kriterier som ansågs vara viktiga vid arbete med öppna källkods-lösningar. Som t.ex. kvalitén på ramverkets dokumentation, när ramverket senast uppdaterades, kostnad mm. Det ramverk som vi slutligen kunde rekommendera var “Mapbox”. Detta ramverk hade inte den högsta kravtäckningen av de kraven framförda genom intervjun. Dock beslutade vi att det var det lämpligaste valet då sett till de övriga kriterierna gällande öppna källkods-lösningar så hade Mapbox bäst förutsättningar. / Today, there’s no effective way for field data collection and its associated map objects when planning construction of new roads. The forest industry wishes to be able to do this with a mobile device with or without an internet connection, with the help of an open-source geographical information system-framework. We have therefore conducted a case study. We needed to know what the requirements were. The requirements needed was forwarded during an interview with one person from our partner organization that had contact with a forest company. We identified eight frameworks, whereas five were left after the screening. The screening was done by discarding the frameworks that didn’t fulfill the main requirements that we got from the interview. The five remaining frameworks were analyzed by identifying the pros and cons that were based on how well the frameworks fulfilled the evaluation criterias. The evaluation criterias were based on the requirements we got from the interview as well as the additional criterias that we considered important when working with open-source frameworks. E.g. the quality of the documentation, when the framework was last updated, the eventual cost etc. The framework we finally recommended was “Mapbox”. This framework did not have the highest coverage of requirements. However we decided that it was the most well-suited choice based on the open-source criteria’s we put forward.

Submitted by Automação e Estatística (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-07-02T21:38:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-07-09T11:50:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-09T11:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / A convivência com os animais de companhia em nossas casas, famílias, entre nossos amigos, em lugares públicos, em eventos privados, no mundo online/offline, pode estar se moldando e sendo moldada pelas interações e rituais convencionais dos humanos. Além da preocupação com o bem-estar do animal, condenando a “desumanidade” em relação aos maus-tratos, a relação de afeto, de empatia, faz com que o animal como ator possa ser construído e movimentar-se em sociedade, possui agência animal, como sugere Osório (2016). Na medida em que se torna ator social e passa a ter possibilidade de acesso a direitos sociais ou, pelo menos, possibilidade de acesso online, produz redes complexas de relacionamentos e estratégias de construção de subjetividades complexas entre humanos e não humanos. / Living with companion species in our homes, families, among our friends, in public places, in private events, in the online/offline world, may be shaping and being shaped by the conventional interactions and rituals of humans. In addition to concern for animal welfare, condemning "inhumanity" in relation to ill-treatment, a relationship of affection, empathy, makes the animal as an actor intended to be built and move in society, has animal agency, as Osório suggests (2016). Insofar as it becomes a social actor, and it passes the possibility of access to social rights or, at least, possibility of online access, it produces complex networks of relationships and structures of construction of complex subjectivities between humans and nonhumans.

Background: The development of the O2O market in China has been increasingly growing and will remain a steady growth in 2017 (iiMedia Research, 2016), but it is still an ambiguous phenomenon in the academic world and lack of relevant research, especially the influential factors to customer experience in the O2O business model. Research question: What factors affect customer experience in China in the context of O2O business? Purpose: The primary objective of this paper is to examine the influential factors of the customer experience in the context of O2O context, especially to the Chinese customers in the online travel industry. The purpose is to contribute to theoretical development on this topic. Method: The research is a quantitative study with deductive reasoning which was carried out by the survey. The data collection was conducted through online questionnaires. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that all five variables (reference group influence, perceived ease-of-use, sensory experience, brand association and spatial accessibility) are positively influential to Chinese customer experience in the context of O2O business. Perceived ease-of-use and Sensory experience are the most dominant influential factors followed by the Reference group influence and Spatial accessibility. The Brand association impacts customer O2O experience least.

Technical advances have made it possible for small enterprises to go international already at inception since the internet has made the internationalization process cost-effective. With the existence of the offline and online arena, the companies have to consider how they allocate their resources between these fields; not allocating resources to offline methods can save money, but could reduce adaptation to the new market which can lead to reduced firm performance. However, overspending on offline methods can be costly and could jeopardize the financial stability of the company. Although this is noted by previous research, little is still known about how companies balance the resources between online and offline presence. Especially when it comes to e-commerce companies and how the benefits of online and offline presence are balanced by this type of firms in their expansion into foreign markets. This is also what is meant to be explored in this paper. The data has been collected through semi-structured interviews with seven Swedish e-commerce companies that have internationalized their operations in an active way. The results show that online and offline benefits can be divided into four categories, namely local knowledge, local connection, promotion and services. These categories could in turn bring benefits to the company that are either substitutable, non-substitutable or complementary. The findings indicate that firms could balance their resources in online and offline presence in order to gain benefits that cannot be found in the counterparts of each presence. This could be of interest for entrepreneurs and managers that plan to engage in internationalization within e-commerce.

The positioning performance with the LVC (Last Visited Cells) report is evaluated and compared with extended reports with signal strength data. The LVC report contains cell identities and time spent in the last cells listened to. This is an off-line data source and the purpose of the positioning is to extract information about users’ whereabouts, which for example can be used to optimize the cellular network or vehicular traffic. The positioning evaluation is done in Matlab with a log-distance model, a fingerprinting algorithm, and a new LVC specific algorithm. A particle filter and a particle smoother is used to process simulated LVC reports and extended reports with different amount of information. The results are compared and evaluated with regard to the positioning accuracy and the information density of the reports.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur lärare på fritidshem upplever att sociala medier påverkar elevers relationer, vilka för- och nackdelar det finns med dessa, samt hur fritidslärare ser på sin egen samt vårdnadshavarnas roll i elevernas sociala medie-användande. Insamlingen av empiriskt material har skett via intervjuer av fritidslärare som arbetar på sju olika skolor i Stockholms innerstad och förorter. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av Scheffs (1994) teori om sociala band och resultatet har utmynnat i att lärarna på fritidshemmen upplever att sociala medier har stor betydelse för elevernas sociala relationer. Fritidslärarna upplever att sociala medier ger elever möjlighet att utveckla sin kommunikativa förmåga samt upprätthålla sina sociala relationer. De uttrycker även att elever lätt hamnar i konflikter, utsätts för näthat och har svårigheter med bemötanden av varandra vid kommunikation via sociala medier. De upplever även att eleverna har lättare att kränka någon via sociala medier eftersom man inte behöver mötas ansikte mot ansikte. Fritidslärarna upplever att användandet av sociala medier skapar gemenskap men även utanförskap hos eleverna samt att vuxna har en betydande roll i elevers användande av sociala medier för att förebygga eventuella konflikter.

The cab assembly line in Oskarshamn is one of the world's most high tech production unit. With close to 300 robots the cab is assembled with merely programmed robots and no input from humans. Scania CV AB is a world leading manufacturer of trucks with high influence on the market globally. Even though robots do most of the work, there have been human brains behind the robot execution, and there is constant work ongoing to further increase efficiency and cycle times to meet the increasing global demand for logistics services. The robots are mainly programmed offline, using the ABB software Robotstudio, which basically creates a digital representation of the actual control system without interfering with the production. Testing upgraded programs as well as simulating them offline before implementation is an essential daily operation to make the production meet the demands. This thesis is divided into two objectives, one theoretical and one practical. The theoretical part focuses on the software, and consists of a critical analysis of a series of different software solutions for programming robots offline, as well as a look into how the offline programming processes work today in-house. The practical objective is to further improve the quality of the simulations conducted through creating tools to answer the calls from functional packages for the different processing equipment used on site. These functional packages lets you perform spot welding, gluing or gripping for instance, and as it is an outsourced service a lot of the coding is encrypted which prevents simulations being conducted with the pre-programmed routines, it makes the simulations crash. This report presents conclusions made regarding the use of offline programming equipment both in the regards of daily operations as well as long term strategies with digital twins and digitization. It also proves that the functional packages still can be simulated even though the code has been manipulated and encrypted at one point. It holds the complete ways of how to, from a 3D CAD model, create mechanisms, synchronize external axes, and creating smart components to answer digital inputs and presenting digital outputs to the system to have a fully functional simulation run.

El mercado peruano ha evolucionado a lo largo de los años, y el sector retail no se ha quedado atrás. El desarrollo del internet y la aparición de nuevas tecnologías, como teléfonos móviles han permitido esto. Así mismo, el consumidor ya no solo compra a través de un canal, sino suele realizar compras a través del canal online y offline, así como, migrar entre estos canales, durante el proceso de compra. De igual modo, la categoría de ropa es la que tiene una mayor penetración en el canal digital. Del mismo modo, las cadenas de tiendas por departamento buscan crecer en este canal. Por ello, es que se decidió investigar sobre los factores que inciden en la compra online y offline de ropa femenina en tiendas por departamento en mujeres de 20 a 30 años de edad de la zona 7 de Lima Metropolitana. El presente estudio posee una investigación de campo cualitativo y cuantitativo gracias a la realización de focus groups, entrevistas a expertos y encuestas realizadas al público objetivo. De esta manera, en una primera parte, se podrá encontrar la teoría relacionada a la omnicanalidad y a los factores según canal. Luego, se conocerá la opinión del público objetivo primario y de los expertos sobre los temas relacionados. También, se contrastarán sus opiniones y se cuestionarán los objetivos de investigación. / Abstract: The Peruvian market has evolved over the years, and the retail sector has not been left behind. The development of the internet and the emergence of new technologies such as mobile phones have allowed this. Likewise, the consumer no longer only buys through a channel, but usually makes purchases through the online and offline channel, as well as migrating between these channels, during the purchase process. Similarly, the category of clothing is the one that has greater penetration in the digital channel and department store chains seek to grow in this channel. For this reason, it was decided to investigate the factors that affect the online and offline purchase of women's clothing in department stores in women between 20 and 30 years of age in zone 7 of Metropolitan Lima. This study has a qualitative and quantitative field research thanks to focus groups, interviews with experts and surveys conducted with the target audience. In this way, in the first part, it will be possible to find the theory related to omnicanality and to the factors according to channel. Then, the opinion of the primary target public and of the experts on the related topics will be known. Also, their opinions will be contrasted and the research objectives will be questioned. / Trabajo de investigación