Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MelquisedequeOF_DISSERT.pdf: 2544608 bytes, checksum: 441bb60be457b1a07f0ad67d90cdf6aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The rural settlements represent a mark in the expensive historical process of fight by the land in Brazil. At first offer basic terms of survival, through the access the land and of the fundamental supports for exploration. At the same time, have stimulated organization forms politicizes of the families who manage to work with the new challenges of the everyday. The moment that follows the land conquest, and therefore, the settlements construction while life and work project, it is crossed for objective and subjective demands, with highlight for options of agricultural production and strategies of collective action. Originally formed as representation instance legitimates of the families - front to the government and social actors - the settlers associations are private spaces for political sociability, that guided by principles participative, can lead the settlers the new conquests through indeed democratic experiences. The goal of this work is to comprehend the participation forms in the scope of these associations and the way as that translates in life best terms for the group, from the settlements experiences located in the Territories of the Citizenship Mato Grande and A?u-Mossor?, in Rio Grande do Norte's State. The theoretical conceptions that guide this analysis are concentrate on discussions about democracy and participation (Patermam, Putnam, Bodernave) and in the reflections about the rural world (Medeiros, Martins, Woodman e Woodman and Bergamansco). About methodological, different point of view strategies were developed: The direct observation, the application in locate of questionnaires to the families settlers and interviews semi-structured with the internal leaderships. With that could verify that the participation forms in the associations operate in two heartfelt: Of a side, they promote assimilation opportunities of democratic abilities accompanied of notions of social rights and redefinition of political standards; Of another, it offers indeed the possibility of the settlers lead, with relative autonomy, the political organization and her changes in direction to a way of life that wish to have in the settling / Dentro do caro processo hist?rico de luta pela terra no Brasil, os assentamentos rurais representam um marco de conquista de trabalhadores rurais sem terra. A princ?pio, oferecem condi??es b?sicas de sobreviv?ncia, atrav?s do acesso ? terra e suporte inicial para sua explora??o. Ao mesmo tempo, s?o estimuladas formas de organiza??o pol?tica das fam?lias para que consigam lidar com os novos desafios do cotidiano. O momento que segue ? conquista da terra e, por conseguinte, a constru??o do assentamento enquanto projeto de vida e de trabalho, ? atravessado por demandas objetivas e subjetivas, com destaque para as alternativas de produ??o agr?cola e estrat?gias de articula??o coletiva. As associa??es de assentados, originalmente formadas como dispositivos de gest?o coletiva da terra, s?o tamb?m espa?os reservados para sociabilidade pol?tica, que orientada por princ?pios participativos, pode conduzir os assentados ?s novas conquistas, ditadas no ritmo das experi?ncias cotidianas. O objetivo desse trabalho ? o de buscar compreender formas de participa??o no ?mbito destas associa??es e a maneira pela qual isto se traduz em melhores condi??es de vida para o grupo, a partir das experi?ncias de assentamentos localizados nos Territ?rios da Cidadania Mato Grande e A?u-Mossor?, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. As concep??es te?ricas que orientam esta an?lise concentram-se nas discuss?es sobre democracia e participa??o (Paterman, Putnam, Bodernave) e nas reflex?es sobre o mundo rural (Medeiros, Martins, Woortmann e Woortmann, Bergamansco). Do ponto de vista metodol?gico, diferentes estrat?gias foram desenvolvidas: a observa??o direta, o registro em caderno de campo, a aplica??o, in loco, de question?rios socioecon?micos ?s fam?lias assentadas e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com as lideran?as internas. Com isso, pudemos constatar que as formas de participa??o nas associa??es operam em dois sentidos: de um lado, promovem oportunidades de assimila??o de capacidades democr?ticas acompanhada de no??es de direitos sociais e redefini??o de padr?es pol?ticos; de outro, oferece efetivamente a possibilidade dos pr?prios assentados conduzirem, com relativa autonomia, a organiza??o pol?tica e suas mudan?as em dire??o a um modo de vida que desejam ter no assentamento

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElizaMAV.pdf: 1730672 bytes, checksum: 35e40a54bb83db5cd0a3a5dcdde9994a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The study made in this thesis analyzes the new form of work organization at the urban collective transportation sector, so called Altemative Transportation which is a new form of public transportation that appears in the Brazilian urban context by the mid ninety' s, this work is made by independent or sub-contracted workers, usually organized in cooperatives . It reflects the investigation of new forms of precarious work, unformal which has been expanding in the urban transportation sector. Thus, discusses non regulation of the services sector problem the ways of survival of exc1uded workers from the formal work market mainly afier the capital productive restructure. It has as privileged area of investigation, the sector policy of urban transportation that make field of the main nets of political articulations that define the dynamic of the urban space. It is known that the urban collective transportation allows the access to the production, circulation and general consumption being necessary to the mobility of the resident population, mainly to those with low purchasing capacity. It becomes a field of empirical investigation at the Belem municipal, located at the Amazonic region - north Brazil. The main points dealed on this research start from concrete relations from the daily life of workers that deve1op their activity on the altemative transport mediated with theoretical references needed for understanding and interpretation of the studied reality. The investigation strategies were built from the abstract (theorical knowledge produced for the reality analyze) in concrete by the investigation quantitative-qualitative from this area of urban policy, making up possible the formation of a references chart to the analyses of the studied subject. Rescue his historicity, from characterization of the urban space of the metropolitan region of Belem passing true the forms of organization and urban services performances while essential production and reproduction element of the social relations. Identifies the main individuals that historically have been participating in the construction of the municipality transport policy and the ways of expression of the local political strength relations. Outstand the State paper on the net of established relations near the local power, as well as outstand the importance of social sciences in the understanding of urban policies in the transportation area, trying to bring input to the academicals -scientific debate .The above e1ected and mentioned points in this study are crucial for a critical reflection of the transportation policies. That relation is not given, but historically built at the power relation chart that makes up this unique area of the urban policies / O estudo realizado nesta tese analisa as novas formas de organiza??o do trabalho no setor de transporte coletivo urbano, o chamado Transporte Alternativo que ? uma nova modalidade de transporte p?blico que surge nos contextos urbanos brasileiro nos meados da d?cada de noventa, cuja presta??o do servi?o ? operacionalizado por trabalhadores aut?nomos ou subcontratado, em geral organizado em cooperativas. Trata-se de investiga??o das novas formas de trabalho prec?rio, informal que vem se expandindo no setor de transporte urbano. Portanto, discute a desregulamenta??o do setor de servi?os e problematiza as formas de sobreviv?ncia de trabalhadores exclu?dos do mercado formal de trabalho principalmente a partir da reestrutura??o produtiva do capital. Tem como ?rea privilegiada de investiga??o, a pol?tica setorial de transporte urbano que constitu? campo das principais redes de articula??es pol?ticas definidoras da din?mica do espa?o urbano. Sabe-se que o transporte coletivo urbano possibilita o acesso ? produ??o, circula??o e consumo em geral, sendo necess?rio ? mobilidade da popula??o residente, principalmente aquela de baixo poder aquisitivo. Toma-se como campo de investiga??o emp?rica o Munic?pio de Bel?m, localizado na Regi?o Amaz?nica - Norte do Brasil. Os pontos principais tratados nesta pesquisa partem das rela??es concretas do cotidiano de trabalhadores que desenvolvem sua atividade no Transporte Alternativo mediados com referenciais te?ricos necess?rios ? compreens?o e interpreta??o da realidade estudada. As estrat?gias de investiga??o foram constru?das do abstrato (conhecimentos te?rico produzidos para an?lise da realidade) ao concreto atrav?s da investiga??o quantitativo-qualitativa desta ?rea das pol?ticas urbanas, possibilitando a forma??o de um quadro de referencias para a an?lise do objeto estudado. Resgata a sua historicidade, a partir da caracteriza??o do espa?o urbano da Regi?o Metropolitana de Bel?m perpassando pelas formas de organiza??o e presta??o de servi?o de transporte enquanto elemento essencial de produ??o e reprodu??o das rela??es sociais. Identifica os principais sujeitos que historicamente vem participando da constru??o da pol?tica de transporte municipal e a formas de express?o das rela??es de for?as pol?ticas local. Destaca o papel do Estado na rede de rela??es estabelecidas junto ao poder local, bem como destaca a import?ncia das Ci?ncias Sociais no entendimento das pol?ticas urbanas na ?rea de transporte, buscando trazer contribui??es para pra o debate acad?mico-cient?fico. Os pontos mencionados e elegidos neste estudo s?o fundamentais a uma reflex?o cr?tica da pol?tica de transporte. Essa rela??o n?o ? dada, mas constru?da historicamente no quadro de rela??es de for?as que comp?em esta ?rea privilegiada das pol?ticas urbanas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaSRSR.pdf: 3854621 bytes, checksum: ee658ff597e1b92db291c54dde771957 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-28 / The purpose of this study is to understand what are the matrix elements in which everyday activities of social author/authors, actor/actors and actress/actresses are embedded, in order to carry out the Escola da Ponte s political and pedagogic process (PPP). Thus, the object of this study is to reflect on an experience developed in a public school supported by the Portuguese State within the scenario of institutions that are committed to building up a school of the people by investing in democratization and community participation in their management process. The methodological course of action was targeted at the presuppositions of qualitative research (WOODS, 1999; BURGESS, 1997; MILLS, 1982; OLIVEIRA, 1998; BOGDAN and BIKLEN, 1994; MACEDO, 2000; CASAL, 1996; GEERTZ, 2000), with data collected from random word association (MACHADO and CARVALHO, 2003), the discourse of the interviewed (KAUFMANN, 1996; SILVA, 2006; 2002), observation notes and documents (ELIAS, 1997). Based on a multiple reference and theoretical framework, the investigation revealed elements that are construed as the raw material and pillars supporting the bridge of a school of the people, as well as the self-organization of the school community which emerges as a dimension that binds together all the elements and brings new arrangements into the school dynamics by moving from the individual to the society (DUPUY, 1990). Along this line, the central argument is that in the short and long run the public school quality does not spring from macro educational policies, nor from ephemeral mass-production programs, projects or governmental policies, but from the intent of the professionals working there in becoming authors and characters in the process of building up and carrying out the PPP. The Project has been conceived in the light of the needs and intentionality of the community whose support comes from the participation and social control held by the students families and the community s power to force to action public administration central agencies aiming at having the State fulfill its responsibilities / O presente estudo tem por objetivo compreender quais sejam os elementos matriciais que permeiam a pr?tica cotidiana dos (as) autores (as), atores e atrizes sociais, para a efetiva??o do projeto pol?tico-pedag?gico (PPP) da Escola da Ponte. Constitui-se, portanto, em objeto deste estudo, uma reflex?o sobre a experi?ncia desenvolvida numa escola p?blica, mantida pelo Estado portugu?s, inscrita no cen?rio das institui??es que assumem o compromisso com a constru??o de uma escola de todos (as), pelo investimento na democratiza??o e participa??o da comunidade em seus processos de gest?o. O percurso metodol?gico foi norteado pelos pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa (WOODS, 1999; BURGESS, 1997; MILLS, 1982; OLIVEIRA, 1998; BOGDAN e BIKLEN, 1994; MACEDO, 2000; CASAL, 1996; GEERTZ, 2000), com dados produzidos a partir da t?cnica da associa??o livre de palavras (MACHADO e CARVALHO, 2003), das falas dos (as) entrevistados (as) (KAUFMANN, 1996; SILVA, 2006; 2002), notas de observa??es e documentos (ELIAS, 1997). Ancorada por um quadro te?rico multireferencial, a investiga??o apontou elementos considerados mat?ria-prima e pilares da ponte para a escola de todos (as), bem como a auto-organiza??o da comunidade escolar que surge como dimens?o que liga todos os elementos, imprimindo novas ordena??es na din?mica escolar a partir do movimento entre o individual e o social (DUPUY, 1990). Nesta linha, o argumento central ? de que, a curto e m?dio prazo, a qualidade da escola p?blica n?o ? tribut?ria de pol?ticas educacionais macros, tampouco de massificados e ef?meros programas, projetos ou pol?tica de governo, mas sim da decis?o dos (as) profissionais que nela trabalham de tornarem-se autores (as) e protagonistas, no processo de constru??o e implementa??o do PPP. Projeto concebido ? luz das necessidades e intencionalidades da comunidade e cuja defesa passa, sobretudo, pela participa??o e controle social das fam?lias dos (as) estudantes e pelo poder de press?o que a comunidade possa exercer junto aos ?rg?os centrais da gest?o p?blica, no sentido de fazer com que o Estado cumpra com as suas responsabilidades

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntoniaMSS_DISSERT.pdf: 871479 bytes, checksum: b53398989514670dc8d5d2a26ac27fdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-17 / The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has been used as a communication tool and strategy monitoring, helping organizations alignment, inserting a new vision with integrated use of performance indicators nonfinancial together with some financial measures. Their proper use leads to a new management style, focused on management strategies, using for this, basically three dimensions: strategy, which should be translated as the primary responsibility for the organizational agenda, the focus that should be concentrated, and the organization with the mobilization of employees. This paper deals with theoretical considerations about strategies, strategic planning, BSC and principles of the organization focused on strategy (OFE). Describes a study of four companies that won the National Quality Award - PNQ, among which, three have adopted the BSC and adopts a particular model of strategic management. The research aimed to make an analysis of the companies regarding adherence to the five principles of OFE, proposed by the BSC, seeking to answer whether the use of BSC is a prerequisite for accession to the Principles of OFE. The results showed that the BSC is a strategic management model that promotes focus and organizational alignment and is a major facilitator in the process, however, cannot be considered a prerequisite for accession to the principles of the OFE, because the four companies studied, including the one that adopt its own model of strategic management, have great levels of adherence to such principles. Making the organization focused on strategy can be considered a natural movement essential for the strategic management, which is not necessarily conditioned by the use of BSC / O Balanced Scorecard (BSC) tem sido utilizado como uma ferramenta de comunica??o e acompanhamento da estrat?gia, ajudando o alinhamento de organiza??es, inserindo uma nova vis?o com uso integrado de indicadores de desempenho n?o-financeiros em conjunto com algumas medidas financeiras. Seu uso adequado induz a um novo estilo de gest?o, focado no gerenciamento das estrat?gias, utilizando para isso, basicamente tr?s dimens?es: a estrat?gia, que deve ser traduzida como a principal responsabilidade na agenda organizacional; o foco, que deve ser concentrado; e a organiza??o, com a mobiliza??o dos empregados. Este trabalho aborda considera??es te?ricas acerca de estrat?gias, planejamento estrat?gico, BSC e os princ?pios da organiza??o focada na estrat?gia (OFE). Descreve um estudo em quatro empresas vencedoras do Pr?mio Nacional da Qualidade - PNQ, dentre as quais, tr?s adotam o BSC e uma adota modelo pr?prio de gest?o estrat?gica. A pesquisa teve como objetivo fazer uma an?lise das empresas quanto ? ades?o aos cinco princ?pios da OFE, propostos no BSC, buscando responder se o uso do BSC ? pr?-requisito para a ades?o aos Princ?pios da OFE. Os resultados apontaram que o BSC por ser um modelo de gest?o estrat?gica que promove o foco e o alinhamento organizacional ? um grande facilitador no processo, entretanto, n?o pode ser considerado um pr?-requisito ? ades?o aos princ?pios da OFE, pois, as quatro empresas estudadas, inclusive a que adota modelo pr?prio de gest?o estrat?gica, apresentam ?timos n?veis de ades?o a tais princ?pios. Tornar a organiza??o focada na estrat?gia pode ser considerado um movimento natural indispens?vel para a gest?o estrat?gica, o que n?o necessariamente est? condicionado ao uso do BSC

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:54:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DennisBA_TESE.pdf: 1043376 bytes, checksum: 6b47eea8aa7b8a53ea716b636db4663b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / We propose a new paradigm for collective learning in multi-agent systems (MAS) as a solution to the problem in which several agents acting over the same environment must learn how to perform tasks, simultaneously, based on feedbacks given by each one of the other agents. We introduce the proposed paradigm in the form of a reinforcement learning algorithm, nominating it as reinforcement learning with influence values. While learning by rewards, each agent evaluates the relation between the current state and/or action executed at this state (actual believe) together with the reward obtained after all agents that are interacting perform their actions. The reward is a result of the interference of others. The agent considers the opinions of all its colleagues in order to attempt to change the values of its states and/or actions. The idea is that the system, as a whole, must reach an equilibrium, where all agents get satisfied with the obtained results. This means that the values of the state/actions pairs match the reward obtained by each agent. This dynamical way of setting the values for states and/or actions makes this new reinforcement learning paradigm the first to include, naturally, the fact that the presence of other agents in the environment turns it a dynamical model. As a direct result, we implicitly include the internal state, the actions and the rewards obtained by all the other agents in the internal state of each agent. This makes our proposal the first complete solution to the conceptual problem that rises when applying reinforcement learning in multi-agent systems, which is caused by the difference existent between the environment and agent models. With basis on the proposed model, we create the IVQ-learning algorithm that is exhaustive tested in repetitive games with two, three and four agents and in stochastic games that need cooperation and in games that need collaboration. This algorithm shows to be a good option for obtaining solutions that guarantee convergence to the Nash optimum equilibrium in cooperative problems. Experiments performed clear shows that the proposed paradigm is theoretical and experimentally superior to the traditional approaches. Yet, with the creation of this new paradigm the set of reinforcement learning applications in MAS grows up. That is, besides the possibility of applying the algorithm in traditional learning problems in MAS, as for example coordination of tasks in multi-robot systems, it is possible to apply reinforcement learning in problems that are essentially collaborative / Propomos um novo paradigma de aprendizado coletivo em sistemas multi-agentes (SMA) como uma solu??o para o problema em que v?rios agentes devem aprender como realizar tarefas agindo sobre um mesmo ambiente, simultaneamente, baseando-se em retornos fornecidos por cada um dos outros agentes. Introduzimos o paradigma proposto na forma do algoritmo de aprendizado por refor?o, denominando-o de aprendizado por refor?o com valores de influ?ncia. Cada agente aprendendo por refor?o avalia a rela??o existente entre o valor do seu estado atual e/ou a a??o executada no estado (cren?as atuais) junto com a recompensa obtida ap?s todos os agentes que est?o interagindo executarem suas a??es (resultado da interfer?ncia dos outros). O agente pondera as opini?es de todos os seus colegas na tentativa de mudar os valores dos seus estados e/ou a??es. A id?ia ? que o sistema como um todo deve chegar a um equil?brio, onde todos os agentes se sentem satisfeitos com os resultados obtidos, significando que os valores dos estados ou pares estado/a??o casam-se com a recompensa obtida por cada agente. Esta forma din?mica de atualizar o valor dos estados e/ou a??es faz deste novo paradigma de aprendizado por refor?o o primeiro a incluir, naturalmente, o fato de que a presen?a de outros agentes no ambiente o torna din?mico. Como resultado direto, inclu?mos implicitamente o estado interno, as a??es e a recompensa obtida por todos os outros agentes dentro do estado interno de cada agente. Isso faz de nossa proposta a primeira solu??o completa para o problema conceitual que surge ao aplicar aprendizado por refor?o em sistemas multi-agente, causado pela diferen?a existente entre o modelo do ambiente e o modelo do agente. Com base no modelo proposto, criamos o algoritmo IVQ-Learning, testado exaustivamente em jogos repetitivos com dois, tr?s e quatro agentes e em jogos estoc?sticos que exijam coopera??o e em jogos que exijam colabora??o. Este algoritmo mostra-se como uma boa op??o na tentativa de obter solu??es que garantam a converg?ncia para o equil?brio de Nash ?timo em problemas cooperativos. Os experimentos realizados deixam claro que o paradigma proposto ? te?rica e experimentalmente superior aos paradigmas tradicionais. Ainda, com a cria??o deste novo paradigma, o conjunto de aplica??es de aprendizado por refor?o em SMA foi ampliado. Ou seja, al?m da possibilidade de aplicar os algoritmos nos problemas tradicionais de aprendizado em SMA, como por exemplo coordena??o de tarefas em sistemas multi-rob?, ? poss?vel aplicar aprendizado por refor?o nos problemas essencialmente colaborativos

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-13T11:09:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JanuarioCiccoWanderleyGalvao_DISSERT.pdf: 2208058 bytes, checksum: c4630e61ea4e6ca17561bd6ea91c45ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-20T15:29:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JanuarioCiccoWanderleyGalvao_DISSERT.pdf: 2208058 bytes, checksum: c4630e61ea4e6ca17561bd6ea91c45ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T15:29:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JanuarioCiccoWanderleyGalvao_DISSERT.pdf: 2208058 bytes, checksum: c4630e61ea4e6ca17561bd6ea91c45ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Tendo em vista considerar todas as Conven??es da OIT verdadeiros tratados de direitos humanos, parte da doutrina internacionalista brasileira estranha o fato de nenhuma das seis Conven??es apreciadas pelo Congresso Nacional ter sido aprovada com equival?ncia a emenda constitucional ap?s a inclus?o do ? 3.? ao art. 5.? da Constitui??o da Rep?blica. Contudo, n?o ? pac?fico, na doutrina, o entendimento acerca da natureza de tratado de direitos humanos de todas as Conven??es dessa Organiza??o. H? quem afirme, com base na Declara??o da OIT sobre os Princ?pios e Direitos Fundamentais do Trabalho, serem apenas oito aquelas consideradas tratados de direitos humanos; por outro lado, numa posi??o intermedi?ria, h? os que defendem serem tratados de direitos humanos apenas as Conven??es que desenvolvam direitos trabalhistas j? versados em outros instrumentos de direitos humanos. Nesse cen?rio, ? imprescind?vel identificar quais Conven??es da OIT podem realmente ser consideradas tratados internacionais de direitos humanos e quais as consequ?ncias disso no direito brasileiro. Para resolver a quest?o, na primeira parte do trabalho, busca-se compreender os movimentos de constru??o e reconstru??o dos direitos humanos, e a prote??o internacional de tais direitos, al?m de apresentar as dificuldades te?ricas que permeiam o estudo da mat?ria e fornecer um conceito de tratado de direitos humanos. Em seguida, faz-se o estudo da hist?ria e estrutura da OIT, al?m da forma??o das Conven??es e das teorias que as colocam como tratados de direitos humanos. Na terceira e ?ltima parte, analisam-se a hierarquia e a dualidade de rito de aprova??o dos tratados de direitos humanos no ordenamento brasileiro, antes de se analisar a corre??o do processo de incorpora??o das Conven??es da OIT sobre direitos humanos ap?s a EC n. 45/2004, a insufici?ncia do sistema recursal trabalhista para prote??o dos direitos humanos e a pouca relev?ncia dessas Conven??es na jurisprud?ncia do TST. Ao final, chega-se ? conclus?o de que nem todas as Conven??es s?o tratados de direitos humanos e mesmo as que s?o n?o v?m tendo tratamento adequado no Brasil. / In spite of great development of the Human Rights International Law, the conceptualizations of human rights treaties are vague and unprecise. In relation to ILO?s Conventions, there are three different chains in doctrine which refer to absolute inappropriate criteria to characterize them as human rights treaties, what makes things even more difficult. This problem may have resulted in the unconstitutionality of the internalization process of the Conventions approved since the 3th paragraph was included to article 5 of the Brazilian Constitution by the Amendment number 45/2004. Since the cited amendment entered into force, none of the six Conventions already approved by Brazilian Congress have been voted under the new procedure, indicating a possible unconstitutionality. Other problem related to que lack of adequate criteria to establish the correct nature of the Conventions is the possibility of violation of workers? human rights. Brazilian Superior Labor Court (TST) refuses appellations based on international treaties, even if they are ILO?s Conventions on human rights. In such scenario, it is as important to present elements to correct characterize ILO?s Conventions as human Rights treaties and to analyze the dimension give to them by Brazilian Constitution, as to study the process of internalization of such treaties, the legislation regarding treaties violations, and the importance of ILO?s Conventions on human rights to Brazilian Superior Labor Court (TST). The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the comprehension of the Human Rights. In the second chapter, we discuss the formation of ILO?s Conventions and their nature as human rights treaties. The third and last chapter, ILO?s Conventions situation in Brazilian Law System is analyzed. The thesis concludes that not all Conventions are human rights treaties; however, Brazilian Constitution is being disrespected in relation to ILO?s Conventions on human rights.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edmeia_Soares_Pinto_Scatola.pdf: 1211250 bytes, checksum: 4f5a7c9a552f27085f68d8d69c3e48e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / The Pedagogical Political Project is presented as an instrument of academic management, pointing alternative paths and establishing commitments in search of an IES identity and the course it offers. Therefore, the PPP is instituted from intentional actions with an explicit sense and a commitment defended collectively. This study was intended for knowing and analyzing the way of acting of a coordinator of an Accounting Sciences course facing the construction process of the Pedagogical Political project as a response to the curricular changes instituted, and therefore, to point out challenges, difficulties and progress originating from it. For this, a descriptive research was performed with a qualitative approach. The data were obtained from interviews and document analysis. A participative leadership style and democratic management of the coordination of the investigated course was observed, as well as the decentralization of the pedagogical management effort using strategies and actions looking for the involving everyone in the curricular decision making process. Actions such as the creation of deliberative instances, pedagogical meetings, meetings and other participative actions were detected. Delegating functions and implementing changes in the course indicate that the exercise of autonomy and participation are the most valued pillars by the coordination. Despite the intentions and the participative actions in the construction of the PPP, there are challenges to be overcome by the course coordination such as implementing a competence curriculum with a vision focused in the labour market not in the market, a vision still present in DCNs. The desired profile for the accountant currently demands reviewing the curricula theory and adopted methodologies for increasing the learning process and student development. It is concluded that a participative leadership style allows knowledge mobility, professional and interpersonal experiences that promote the engagement of everybody in the academic activities and results, motivating them to accept the challenges of the path towards the scientifical and technological formation of students. However, this pedagogical manager profile shall be related to a complex and systemic scientific paradigm and with a question and doubt pedagogy that allows the interaction and dialogue between disciplines and actors involved, transforming static and conservative academic spaces into dynamic, democratic and transforming spaces / O Projeto Pol??tico Pedag??gico apresenta-se como um instrumento de gest??o acad??mica que aponta caminhos alternativos e estabelece compromissos para a busca da identidade da IES e do curso que oferece. Assim, o PPP se institui a partir de a????es intencionais, com um sentido expl??cito e com um compromisso defendido coletivamente. Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer e analisar o modo de atua????o do coordenador de um curso de ci??ncias cont??beis diante do processo de constru????o do Projeto Pol??tico Pedag??gico como resposta ??s mudan??as curriculares institu??das, e, assim evidenciar desafios, dificuldades e avan??os da?? decorrentes. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e de an??lise documental. Constatou-se um estilo de lideran??a participativa e de gest??o democr??tica da coordena????o do curso investigado, bem como, o esfor??o pela descentraliza????o da gest??o pedag??gica com a utiliza????o de estrat??gias e a????es que buscam o envolvimento de todos nas tomadas de decis??es curriculares. Foram detectadas a????es como a cria????o de inst??ncias deliberativas, reuni??es pedag??gicas, encontros, e outras a????es participativas. A delega????o de fun????es e a implementa????o de mudan??as no curso indicam que o exerc??cio da autonomia e a participa????o s??o os pilares mais valorizados pela coordena????o. Apesar das inten????es e das a????es participativas na constru????o do PPP, existem desafios a serem superados pela coordena????o do curso tais como a implementa????o de um curr??culo por compet??ncias com uma vis??o focada no mundo do trabalho e n??o mercadol??gica, presente ainda nas DCNs. O perfil desejado para o contador na contemporaneidade exige a revis??o da teoria dos curr??culos e das metodologias adotadas para fomentar a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento dos acad??micos. Conclui-se que um estilo de lideran??a participativa permite a mobiliza????o de saberes, de experi??ncias profissionais e interpessoais que promovem o envolvimento de todos nas atividades acad??micas e nos resultados motivando-os a aceitar os desafios da caminhada rumo ?? forma????o cientifica e tecnol??gica dos alunos. Entretanto, este perfil de gestor pedag??gico deve relacionar-se com um paradigma cient??fico complexo e sist??mico e com uma pedagogia da d??vida e da pergunta que permita a intera????o e o di??logo entre as disciplinas e os atores envolvidos, transformando espa??os acad??micos est??ticos e conservadores em din??micos, democr??ticos e transformadores

Submitted by Natalie Mendes (nataliermendes@gmail.com) on 2015-07-25T15:33:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_FINAL_MARIANA.pdf: 1933246 bytes, checksum: cba7b57237fc6562b3b67a07e6bf6068 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-25T15:33:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_FINAL_MARIANA.pdf: 1933246 bytes, checksum: cba7b57237fc6562b3b67a07e6bf6068 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / The access to health services in a global, equal and comprehensive way constitutes itself a civil right legally granted in the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988 which regulates and establishes the Unified Health System (SUS). However it is noticeable that the comprehensive access to health services has not been effectively put into practice, especially, in actions of medium and high complexity. Hence, this study aims to understand the organizational dynamic of the access of users of the Family Health Program (PSF) to the healthcare services of medium and high complexity of the SUS network and to analyze health practices performed by the primary care team, medium and high complexity for the feasibility of this access. We have analyzed the organizational dynamic of access to medium and high complexity healthcare services based on the guidelines of the dimensions of a political, technical and symbolical access analysis bounded by Giovanella and Fleury (1995) and supplemented with the theoretical model proposed by Assis et alii (2011). In the theoretical framework we discuss ways for the effectuation of the access to the healthcare services as a citizenship right as well as the organization of healthcare services in medium and high complexity under the focus of healthcare assistance models. This is a qualitative study, of critical and analytical approach in an approximate view of the dialectic method, which has as field of work the Family Health Units (USF), the Polyclinics and the Public Hospitals of Feira de Santana city in the State of Bahia. The participants of the study consisted of three groups: (1) healthcare professionals, (2) users and (3) managers/coordinators of healthcare services totaling 26 participants. We have used techniques such as data collection through semi-structured interviews, systematic observation and document analysis. The data analysis was an approximation of the hermeneutic-dialectic method. From the comparison of the studied data three categories rose up: (1) ORGANIZATIONAL DYNAMIC OF THE ACCESS OF THE USERS AND THE MATERIALITY OF ITS SENSES AND MEANINGS: the transversality of the political, technical and symbolical dimensions; (2) THE WORK PROCESS OF THE HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN BASIC HEALTHCARE OF MEDIUM AND HIGH COMPLEXITY: an interweaving among healthcare; (3) THE ACCESS OF THE USERS TO THE SERVICES AND THE PRACTICES OF HEALTH OF MEDIUM AND HIGH COMPLEXITY: public/private relationship. The results make the senses/meanings of access to healthcare services that cross the political, technical and symbolical dimensions abundantly clear. The individual and collective practices, held by professionals working in primary care of medium and high complexity to promoting the access of the user to the SUS network, involve committed and welcoming actions by instituting bonds and enhancing the subjectivity of the users in some moments, and in other moments it involves a centered professional model geared towards the patients? concerns/conduct, medicalization and technicism co-existing dialectically an intertwining of lightweight, soft-hard and hard technologies in this process. Within the difficulties and limitations that the users have found to access healthcare services of medium and high complexity the demand was cited once these services are offered on a wider scale than its supply. We have come across several inputs used by users to access the health services of medium and high complexity. Furthermore the relationship between public and private is constitutive of the organization of this reality. The access of the user of the PSF to the practices of medium and high complexity still needs, for its embodiment, an all-embracing commitment of users, health professionals and health managers so as to operationalize it as a citizenship right. / O acesso aos servi?os de sa?de de forma universal, equ?nime e integral, se constitui em um direito de cidadania, garantido legalmente na Constitui??o Federal de 1988, a qual regulamenta e institui o Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS). Contudo, percebemos que o acesso universal aos servi?os de sa?de n?o tem sido traduzido efetivamente na pr?tica, em especial nas a??es de m?dia e alta complexidade. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivos compreender a din?mica organizativa do acesso dos usu?rios do Programa Sa?de da Fam?lia (PSF) aos servi?os de sa?de de m?dia e alta complexidade da rede SUS e analisar as pr?ticas de sa?de realizadas pelos profissionais da aten??o b?sica, de m?dia e alta complexidade para a viabiliza??o deste acesso. Analisamos a din?mica organizativa do acesso aos servi?os de m?dia e alta complexidade, tendo como bases orientadoras as dimens?es de an?lise de acesso pol?tica, t?cnica e simb?lica, delimitadas por Giovanella e Fleury (1995) e complementadas com o modelo te?rico proposto por Assis e outros (2011). No referencial te?rico discutimos os caminhos para a efetiva??o do acesso aos servi?os de sa?de enquanto direito de cidadania, bem como a organiza??o dos servi?os de sa?de de m?dia e alta complexidade sob o enfoque dos modelos assistenciais em sa?de. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de abordagem cr?tico-anal?tica, numa perspectiva aproximada do m?todo Dial?tico, tendo como cen?rio as Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia (USF), Policl?nicas e Hospitais p?blicos de Feira de Santana-BA. Os participantes do estudo foram constitu?dos de tr?s grupos: profissionais de sa?de (Grupo I), usu?rios (Grupo II) e gestores/ coordenadores dos servi?os de sa?de (Grupo III), totalizando 26 participantes. Utilizamos como t?cnicas de coleta de dados a entrevista semi-estruturada, a observa??o sistem?tica e a an?lise documental; a an?lise de dados foi uma aproxima??o do m?todo Hermen?utico-dial?tico. A partir do confronto dos dados emergiram tr?s categorias: 1) DIN?MICA ORGANIZATIVA DO ACESSO DOS USU?RIOS E A MATERIALIDADE DOS SENTIDOS E SIGNIFICADOS: a transversalidade das dimens?es pol?tica, t?cnica e simb?lica; 2) O PROCESSO DE TRABALHO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SA?DE NA ATEN??O B?SICA, DE M?DIA E ALTA COMPLEXIDADE: um entrela?amento entre as tecnologias de sa?de; 3) O ACESSO DOS USU?RIOS AOS SERVI?OS E ?S PR?TICAS DE SA?DE DE M?DIA E ALTA COMPLEXIDADE: rela??o p?blico x privado. Os resultados explicitam que os sentidos/ significados de acesso aos servi?os de sa?de transversalizam as dimens?es pol?tica, t?cnica e simb?lica. As pr?ticas individuais e coletivas realizadas pelos profissionais que atuam na aten??o b?sica, de m?dia e alta complexidade para a promo??o do acesso do usu?rio ? rede SUS envolvem a??es compromissadas, acolhedoras, com institui??o do v?nculo e a valoriza??o da subjetividade dos usu?rios em alguns momentos, e em outros passam pelo modelo profissional centrado, voltado para a queixa-conduta, medicaliza??o e tecnicismo, co-existindo dialeticamente um entrela?amento das tecnologias leve, leve-dura e dura nesse processo. Dentre as dificuldades e limites que os usu?rios t?m encontrado para acessar os servi?os de sa?de de m?dia e alta complexidade foi citada a demanda por esses servi?os ser maior que a sua oferta. Deparamo-nos com diversas portas de entradas utilizadas pelos usu?rios para acessar os servi?os de m?dia e alta complexidade. Al?m disso, a rela??o entre o p?blico e o privado ? constitutiva da organiza??o desta realidade. O acesso do usu?rio do PSF aos servi?os e ?s pr?ticas de m?dia e alta complexidade ainda necessita para a sua concretiza??o de um comprometimento dos usu?rios, profissionais e gestores da sa?de de modo a operacionaliz?-lo enquanto um direito de cidadania.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-24T15:22:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Melquisedeque de Oliveira Fernandes.pdf: 1330146 bytes, checksum: 17d72060102273b283c533dc7ab97cd5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-24T15:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Melquisedeque de Oliveira Fernandes.pdf: 1330146 bytes, checksum: 17d72060102273b283c533dc7ab97cd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This paper proposes to reflect over family farmers? productive organization, regarding their access to public policies, in two land reform settlements of Rio Grande do Norte state ? Brazil. Several studies have systematically pointed out that the conflict is inherent in the settlements organization. If on one hand the associative rationality is based on the convergence of personal interests, on the other, the heterogeneity of their trajectories of life and labor corroborates in the opposite direction. Emerges as issue the way they compose forms of reciprocity and mutual commitment, not necessarily fitted in terms of rights and duties of associative action. The factional dynamics takes place in this gap, articulating social networks, settled on their own conflict relationships. This happens, mainly, when some groups mobilize several moral constraints, creating the groups boundaries, when supporting or attacking one another. They reinforce, therefore, selective affinities of friendship, neighborhood, militancy and religion, which are linked to the contractual reciprocities, supporting common actions. The goal of this thesis is to offer an alternative approach of productive organization in the settlements, different from contractual arrangements or the "collectivism" present in the mediators actions / Este trabalho se prop?e a pensar a organiza??o produtiva de fam?lias assentadas no contato com pol?ticas p?blicas para agricultura familiar, em dois assentamentos rurais do Rio Grande do Norte. Diversos estudos t?m sistematicamente pautado a quest?o do conflito como um dado inerente ? organiza??o nos assentamentos. A esse respeito, h? um vazio entre os princ?pios de uma racionalidade associativa, introduzida como dispositivo comum de gest?o da terra, e a maneira como as fam?lias comp?em formas de reciprocidade e comprometimento. Se a racionalidade associativa se baseia na converg?ncia dos interesses dos sujeitos, a heterogeneidade de suas trajet?rias de vida e trabalho aponta na dire??o contraria. Emerge enquanto problem?tica a maneira como os sujeitos se organizam diante do contato com pol?ticas publicas. ? no vazio das reciprocidades contratuais que a din?mica faccional toma lugar, articulando tecidos sociais que se estabelecem nas pr?prias rela??es de conflito. Isso ocorre, sobremaneira, quando come?a a surgir no interior dos assentamentos grupos que cerram fileiras contra outros, passando a mobilizar uma serie de constrangimentos morais, enquanto criam as fronteiras dos grupos com base em discursos de suporte ou desqualifica??o da a??o do outro. Refor?am, desse modo, afinidades seletivas de amizade, vizinhan?a, milit?ncia e religi?o, que se articulam com as reciprocidades contratuais do associativismo, oferecendo organicidade para a??es comuns. A contribui??o deste trabalho materializa o intuito de oferecer uma interpreta??o ? organiza??o produtiva nos assentamentos, como alternativa aos preceitos contratuais do associativismo ou ao ?coletivismo? presente nas a??es dos mediadores

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:36:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leiva Nunes.pdf: 403940 bytes, checksum: 08a12e3b692121cf143bf8b7ef89ceae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-12 / The theoretical basis to build on this research was the discussion of the concepts, paradigms and pertinent approaches to the classification areas in Biblioteconomics, specially concerning to the information classification and organization, considering the changing of the heritage paradigm and the information paradigm, as well as the behavior of the bibliographical classification enlighten by the connection to the access to the documents. Recurring to the inductive hypothetical method, to the exploratory and historical research, and to the documental analysis, it has been tried to find the necessary explanations that interconnects themselves and should be further and deeper investigated and understood. The bibliographical classification, as a study topic, encircle from the most incipient phase of the scientific research, in which there is the heritage as the identification of the problem to be studied to the moment that the produced knowledge is absorbed and internalized as an access to the human knowledge. Identify relations and differences between taxonomies and classification schemes and thesauri. To analyze the access approaching the language as a preponderant factor, its possibilities, its differential and it contribution to the Information Science and its institutionalization. / A base te?rica para o fundamento desta pesquisa foi a discuss?o dos conceitos, paradigmas e abordagens pertinentes ?s ?reas de classifica??o em Biblioteconomia, especialmente, quanto ? classifica??o e ? organiza??o da informa??o, ao levar em considera??o a altera??o do paradigma do acervo para o paradigma da informa??o, bem como o comportamento da classifica??o bibliogr?fica ? luz de liga??o de acesso aos documentos. Ao recorrer-se ao m?todo hipot?tico indutivo, ? pesquisa explorat?ria e hist?rica e ? an?lise document?ria, buscaram-se as explica??es necess?rias que se interrelacionam e que devem ser mais bem investigadas e compreendidas. A classifica??o bibliogr?fica, como t?pico de estudos, abrange desde a fase mais incipiente da pesquisa cientifica, quando temos o acervo como a identifica??o do problema a ser estudado at? o momento em que o conhecimento produzido ? absorvido e internalizado como acesso ao saber humano. Identifica rela??es e diferen?as entre taxonomias, esquemas de classifica??o e tesauros. Analisa o acesso com abordagem ? linguagem, como fator preponderante, e o que possibilita, qual o diferencial dele e em que contribui para a Ci?ncia da Informa??o e a institucionaliza??o da mesma.