A work of poetry that offers a new method of poetics. By examining translation as a means of understanding relationships, this work offers a nuanced manner for the writing and experience of poetry. When Bird and Fish Fall in Love is a close examination of language, relationships, translation, and the intimacy of conflation.

Peut-on parler de « poétique » pour un phénomène aussi mouvant que l’exil ? Cette notion qui, dans ses diverses acceptions, ne se laisse pas fixer tout à fait, peut-elle faire apparaître un langage spécifique ? Il s’agira de voir par quels mécanismes cette éprouvante manifestation d’interculturalité peut mener à la création d’une langue qui dépasse le cadre de la nation (même en prenant sa source dans celle-ci), et rejoint des invariants et des structures d’expression transnationales et universelles. Pour ce faire nous prenons appui sur trois auteurs choisis dans des aires géographiques et des époques différentes : Hölderlin (aire germanique), Rimbaud (aire latine) et Sarafian (aire arménienne). L’exil se manifeste avant tout par rapport au pays d’origine, conformément à la définition. Mais il devient rapidement un phénomène linguistique, que ce soit dans le choc avec le monde étranger (Sarafian) ou dans la formulation d’une quête esthétique avec la création verbale pour enjeu (Rimbaud), liée pour une bonne part à la recherche d’une nouvelle mythologie et à la confrontation avec l’étranger pour retrouver ce qui appartient en propre à la nation (Hölderlin). Le pivot est ici la nation, originelle et actuelle, dont les poètes sont exilés. L’exil géographique et l’exil de la langue mènent finalement à l’exil spirituel et à la recherche d’une patrie plus élevée, tiers espace pouvant accueillir ou façonner une parole. Ce nouveau lieu serait celui d’une hybridation (ou du moins d’un questionnement) où le verbe de l’exil pourrait se dire, sous des formes différentes chez les trois auteurs, avec toutefois des similitudes frappantes. / Is it possible to speak about « poetics » with respect to a phenomenon which is as fluctuating as exile? May the latter, which, in its various meanings, cannot be totally defined, allow the emergence of a specific language? It is up to us to find out through which mechanisms such a trying expression of interculturalism might lead to the creation of a language which goes beyond the framework of the nation (even when it emanates from the latter) and which reaches out towards transnational and universal invariants and word structures. In order to achieve this, we rely upon three authors which were chosen in different geographic areas and in different periods : Hölderlin (Germanic area), Rimbaud (Latin area) and Sarafian (Armenian area). Exile is primarily defined with respect to the country of origin, in conformity with the definition. But it becomes a linguistic phenomenon, as in the shock with the foreign word after the genocide of the Armenians (Sarafian), or in the formulation of an aesthetic quest with verbal creation at stake (Rimbaud), or in the essential search of a new mythology, along with the confrontation with the foreign world in order to redefine that which belongs specifically to the nation (Hölderlin). Both the geographic exile and the linguistic exile lead to a spiritual exile and to the search for a loftier fatherland. This new spatial entity would result from a hybridization process (or at least from questioning), whereby the word of the exile could be expressed in different formats for the three authors, with, however, some striking similarities.

Figure éminente du groupe des Fantaisistes, Tristan Derème (1889-1941) est surtout connu pour sa production poétique. Y réduire son œuvre serait, cependant, faire fi d’une masse de livres (Le Quatorze juillet ou petit art de rimer quand on manque de rimes, Le Poisson Rouge, L’Onagre Orangé, La Libellule Violette, parmi beaucoup d’autres) qui constituent, sous la forme spéciale d’une réflexion à plusieurs voix, autant d’essais sur un très grand nombre de questions, surtout d’ordre formel, touchant la poésie française.Il s’agit d'abord de voir en quoi et comment ce massif ignoré de la littérature du XXe siècle se situe au carrefour d’une tradition très classique, qu’il prolonge, et des perspectives les plus modernes, qu’il préfigure, aussi bien à travers son « dit » (les conceptions et positions développées, qui font l'objet d'une première partie), qu’à travers son « faire » (les créations, avec diverses contraintes inédites d'écriture et de réécriture, analysées dans un deuxième temps). Cette réflexion polylogale, menée dans un salon littéraire fictif, interroge de façon essentielle la théorie littéraire. La forme ludique et originale de ce « dire » occupe la troisième et dernière partie de l'étude, avec pour horizon une perspective métathéorique : et si une poétique de la poésie ne pouvait s'écrire que dans la fantaisie ? / An eminent figure in the group of French writers known as the « Fantaisistes », Tristan Derème (1889-1941) is best known for his poetical works. However, limiting Derème’s achievement to his poetry implies putting aside a considerable number of books (Le Quatorze Juillet ou petit art de rimer quand on manque de rimes, Le Poisson rouge, L’Onagre orangé, La Libellule Violette, to name but a few) which constitute a series of essays employing multiple voices to explore a wide range of questions relating to French poetry, particularly its formal properties.This thesis first explores the ways and means by which this little-commented opus of twentieth century literature operates at a theoretical crossroads, extending an undoubtedly classical tradition whilst anticipating strikingly modern perspectives. Consideration is given both to the substance of Derème’s writing (the conceptions and positions which he develops, which are the subject of the first part of the thesis) and do the literary form of his work (his formal innovations, experimenting with diverse writing and re-writing constraints, which are analyzed in the second part). Set in a fictional literary salon, Derème’s polyvocal reflections raise fundamental questions concerning literary theory. The ludic and original form of these reflections is the subject of the last part of the study, which opens up a meta-theoretical perspective: what if a poetics of poetry could only be written as fantasy ?

A presente dissertação é resultado da aplicação da abordagem analítica posterior à Virada Cognitiva à análise dos Duelos de Cantoria, um fenômeno que ocorre no nordeste brasileiro desde a segunda metade do século XIX e que permanece vivo até os dias atuais. Duelos de Cantoria têm sido pesquisados em geral em abordagens históricas ou antropológicas, e este trabalho se assenta sobre este corpo de análises agregando o campo analítico aberto pelas teorias cognitivas e evolucionárias ao esforço de estudo deste fenômeno cultural. A tensão sobre o Cantador - Duelista para compor poemas rimados durante o evento ao vivo, bem como os schemas e frames empregados na composição das estrofes em tempo real, nos servem de ponto-de-partida para o estudo. Alguns fenômenos resultantes são também estudados, como o aspecto de duelo do Duelo de Cantoria e como ele é construído em forma de \"parceria no dissenso\" como uma forma específica de narrativa distribuída, e a operação destas narrativas, e das narrativas de narrativas, em um contexto social mais amplo. A análise está centrada em torno de eventos que ocorreram durante a segunda metade do Século XIX e primeira metade do Século XX, e que foram posteriormente registrados na forma escrita por críticos contemporâneos ou quase contemporâneos aos eventos. / This dissertation is the result of applying the post-Cognitive Turn analytical approach to the analysis of Singing Duels, a cultural phenomenon occurring in North-eastern Brazil since the second half of the 19th. century that can be witnessed to this day. Singing Duels have generally been analysed using either historical or anthropological approaches, and this work builds on this body of analyses by adding a layer of cognitive and evolutionary theories into the analytical effort of the phenomenon. The stresses put on the performer - the Duellist - in composing rhymed poems due to the live nature of the event, as well as the schemas and frames utilized in composing strophes in real time, serve as the starting point of the analysis.Following, some consequent phenomena are analysed, such as the duelling aspect of the Singing Duel and how it is constructed as a \"partnership in dissent\" into a specific form of distributed narrative, and the operation of such narratives, and narratives of narratives, within a broader social context. The analysis is centred mostly around events that occurred during the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, and were later recorded in written form by early, contemporary critics.

L’écrivain Erri De Luca agit comme un passeur d’histoires personnelles, intimes et collectives, ce qui nous conduit à en étudier les origines et les fondements. À nous interroger sur la manière dont l’écriture poétique et sensible du poète rend possible une transmission de l’Histoire. Or, cela pose évidemment la question de la mémoire et de la manière dont elle est restituée : interprétation, manque, oubli, réinvention rétrospective. Mais révèle aussi la possibilité des récits d’offrir au lecteur contemporain la capacité de s’approprier cette Histoire qu’il n’a pas nécessairement vécue. En effet au coeur de cette oeuvre singulière se déploie une force de prédication qui donne au lecteur attentif la possibilité de saisir une phrase sensible où s’exprime la puissance de l’image, de se l’approprier, de la mémoriser et enfin de la transmettre de nouveau en la remodelant. D’où l’importance de ce geste du conteur dans l’écriture d’Erri De Luca et l’intérêt que nous y portons. Dès lors le style narratif où domine cette poétique de la sensation, révèle un art de raconter par excellence. / The writer Erri De Luca acts as a storyteller of personal, intimate and collective stories. It leads us to study the origins and the foundations of his writing. It makes us think about the way his poetic and sensitive writing makes a transmission of History possible. Yet, it inevitably questions memory and the way this memory is reproduced: interpretation, absence, forgetfulness and retrospective reinvention. It also reveals the possibility of story telling to offer today’s reader the capacity to appropriate this History he may not have lived through. A the heart of this singular work indeed, there is a strength of speech which enables the attentive reader to understand a sensitive sentence in which the power of the image is fully expressed. The reader can seize this sentence and memorize it before transmitting it again after remodelling it. Thus the importance of this storytelling particularity in Erri De Luca’s writing. From then on De Luca’s narrative style full of lyrical sensation, reveals a powerful mastery of telling.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Mendes de Moraes / Banca: Jarbas Vargas Nascimento / Banca: Sandra A. Ferreira / Resumo: Esta dissertação é fruto de uma pesquisa que tem como proposta principal o estudo da metáfora seiscentista em cento e quatro romances atribuídos ao poeta português Antônio da Fonseca Soares. Por se tratar de fonte manuscrita, em primeiro lugar fizemos um trabalho de Crítica Textual, por meio do qual efetuamos a transcrição e a atualização linguística dos poemas analisados de acordo com os critérios de uma edição modernizada. Em seguida, nosso foco centrou-se nos usos, escolhas e construção da metáfora seiscentista no gênero poemático em questão. Para tal, consideramos os manuais de retórica e poética da Antiguidade, especialmente os escritos de Aristóteles e Horácio; a preceptiva poética seiscentista debatida por Emanuele Tesauro e Baltazar Gracián, e os estudos contemporâneos no campo da historiografia literária que versam sobre retórica, as letras do século XVII, e assuntos a ela relacionados. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram o papel expressivo da mais louvada figura dentre os usos da expressão arguta na retórica seiscentista, aplicada a uma das formas poemáticas mais cultuadas por poetas que praticavam a poesia vulgar desse período / Abstract: This dissertation results from a master's degree research that has as the main proposal the study of the metaphor of seventeenth century in the one hundred and four romances attributed to the Portuguese poet Antônio da Fonseca Soares. To deal with a manuscript source, we started with a work of Textual Criticism, with which we made the transcription and the ortographic updating of the analyzed poems in agreement with a modernized edition. After that, the focus was centered in the uses, choices and construction of the metaphor of the 17th century in the poems. To analyze the romances, we considered the rhetoric manuals and poetics of Antiquity, especially Aristotle and Horace‟s writings; the poetic rules of seventeenth century debated by Emanuele Tesauro and Baltazar Gracián, and the contemporary studies in the field of the literary historiography about rhetoric, the seventeenth century literature and subjects related. The results of the research demonstrate the expressive function of the most praised rhetoric figure of the seventeenth century in one of the most important poematic form to the vulgar poetry of that period / Mestre

O objeto desta tese são os trabalhos de arte da autora. Eles são agrupados segundo critérios provisórios de identidade, que se constituem e explicitam nas próprias formas dos textos e imagens que os acompanham. Buscam-se elementos comuns, simétricos ou proporcionais nos trabalhos, procedimentos comuns, confluentes ou paralelos, correspondências formais. A abordagem é descritiva. A passagem entre os trabalhos se dá diretamente, sem conexões explicativas, por acareação. Pretende-se construir, na dimensão da linguagem, lugares de coexistência, chãos comuns onde os trabalhos se possam dispor, espaços transitórios que permitam arranjá-los. / The object of this thesis is the author\'s works of art. They are grouped according to contingent criteria of identity, which constitute and explicit themselves in the very forms of texts and adjoining images. The author searches among the works for common, symmetrical or proportional elements, common, confluent or parallel procedures, formal correspondences. The approach is descriptive. The transition between the works is deprived of explanatory connections; they face each other directly, in line-up confrontation. The intention is to build, in the dimension of language, sites of coexistence, common grounds where the works can lay, transitory spaces that allow to arrange them

Esta dissertação pretende apresentar uma leitura da poética de Cacaso, partindo de uma comparação entre o modernismo, frequentemente visto como forte influência para a poesia dos anos 70, e os textos do poeta mineiro e chegando ao livro Beijo na boca de 1975, o qual consideramos ser a obra mais madura de Antônio Carlos de Brito. Divido em três partes, o trabalho pretende se concentrar no uso que Cacaso faz de diversas situações enunciativas, ressignificando os enunciados. Na primeira parte, a questão da liberdade é trabalhada, a qual é buscada nos poetas modernistas, principalmente Mário de Andrade e Oswald de Andrade; na segunda parte o foco é nas diferenças de abordagem, quanto ao tema da liberdade e do uso de técnicas poéticas consagradas pelos modernistas, causadas pelas diferentes questões tratadas no campo literário; a terceira e última parte foca-se na especifidade do texto cacasiano, não apenas em relação aos modernistas, mas em relação aos outros poetas dos anos 70. / This dissertations intends to present a view of Cacasos poetics, beginning at a comparison between the brazilian modernism from 20s, usually seen as a very strong influence for the poetry of the 70s, and Cacasos texts. Divided in three parts, this work focus in finding how Cacaso deals with a variety of enunciations, resignifying the enunciates, arriving at the 1975 book, Beijo na boca. In the first part, the liberty, which comes from the modernista poets, mostly Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade, is the starting point; in the second part, the focus is on why there are differences on the approach and use of liberty and other poetic tecniques between the modernists and the poets of the 70s, comparing only the literary fields; the third and last part centers on the especifities of Cacasos poetics not only concerning the relation with the modernists, but also the relation with other poets from the 70s.

A questão dos sofrimentos psíquicos é um tema recorrente na obra de Adília Lopes, surgindo na forma de alusões às psicopatologias, menções a medicamentos e a nomes de médicos e psicoterapeutas, referências à história do tratamento das doenças mentais, bem como a instituições hospitalares e seus pacientes. A proposta deste trabalho é analisar as representações do tema na poética adiliana, evidenciando a postura crítica em relação à desmedida normalização social vigente na contemporaneidade e ao cientificismo, que subjazem à medicalização dos comportamentos. O referencial teórico parte dos conceitos de normalidade e patologia estabelecidos por Georges Canguilhem, sua articulação com a noção de biopoder, de Michel Foucault, e a implicação dos procedimentos normalizadores na emergência do paradigma da depressão, segundo a concepção de Elizabeth Roudinesco. / The issue of psychic suffering is a recurrent theme in Adília Lopes\' artwork, arising in the form of allusions to psychopathology, medications, names of doctors and psychotherapists, and references to the history of mental illness treatment, as well as hospital facilities and their patients. This article aims to analyze the representations of the subject in Adilian poetry, evidencing the critical point of view in relation to the excessive social normalization prevailing in contemporaneity and in scientism, which underlie the medicalization of behaviors. The theoretical reference is based on the concepts of normality and pathology established by Georges Canguilhem, his articulation with Michel Foucault\'s concept of biopower, and the implication of normalizing procedures in the emergence of depression paradigm according to Elizabeth Roudinesco\'s conception.

A pesquisa propõe investigar o habitat do sertão por meio do campo ampliado da Teoria da Arquitetura. Na clivagem entre modernidade e tradição, a percepção de uma \"morada poética\" torna-se o eixo central da hipótese formulada. Pelo imaginário dos Gerais, transpondo o constructo do espaço moderno rumo ao \"sertão-mundo\", procuramos no texto documental e ficcional um manancial simbólico sobre a paisagem habitada do sertão. A centralidade da ideia de \"lugar\" deixa ver a \"terra da boiada\", onde é possível fazer a travessia de um sertão construído com as mãos a um território que se molda em forma mentis. Um rio-pensamento que se converte em cartografia poética, reunindo mundo e matéria na trama de um \"espaço vivido\". São nos confins dos Gerais que se constituem elos fortes entre espaço, linguagem e pensamento. A costura dessa trama é guiada por um olhar ao rés do chão. É na concretude do \"lugar sertão\" que se colhem os significados profundos da habitação, palmilhando o solo cotidiano com um olhar oblíquo sobre o modo de vida projetado. Interpretar a paisagem habitada dos Gerais impõe recuos sobre a realidade fática. O avanço da pesquisa se dá justamente no esforço de construir pontes entre a morada chã e sua medida empírea, mediando articulações entre sertão e cidade. Nesse interregno se desvela o \"metro\" poético da habitação. / The aim of this research is to look into the habitat of the sertão with the aid of the Theory of Architecture taken in its largest scope. In the fracture between modernity and tradition, the perception of a \"poetic dwelling\" becomes the central axis of the hypothesis we set forth. Through the imagery of the Gerais which transcends the construct of modern space towards a \"world-sertão\", the documental and fictional text unfolds a symbolical source of the inhabited landscape of sertão. The centrality about place idea unveils the \"boiada\'s land\", where one is able to travel across a sertão built with the hands reaching an expanse which is molded in forma mentis. One \"thought-river\" which is turned into a poetic cartography, convening world and matter in the texture of a \"lived space\". It is in the confines of Gerais that powerful bonds among space, language and thought are built. The seaming of this texture is led by eyes which are level with the ground. It is in the concreteness of the \"sertão place\" that the deep meanings of dwelling are gleaned, treading the everyday ground with an indirect look on the projected way of life. Interpreting the inhabited landscape of Gerais requires one to step back as to the factual reality. The research advances precisely in this effort to build bridges between the plain dwelling and its supreme measure, interweaving sertão and town. It is in this interregnum that the poetical \"metrics\" of inhabitation unfolds.