Final publication is available at http://www.nature.com/articles/srep12283 / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第19559号 / 医博第4066号 / 新制||医||1013(附属図書館) / 32595 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 木村 剛, 教授 小池 薫, 教授 山下 潤 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Introduktion: Ungefär en fjärdedel av alla barn och ungdomar födda under samma år genomgår någon form av behandling som innefattar förflyttning av tänder. Syfte: Primär fokus med denna studie är att undersöka om ett samband finns mellan gingival retraktion och användning av fast apparatur på avdelningen för Ortodonti, Malmö Högskola.Metod: Studiemodeller, intraorala bilder och klinisk undersökning (återbesök 2014) användes för att identifiera gingival retraktion med ja eller nej. Om det fanns gjordes en mätning. Försöksobjekt valdes från patienter som blivit färdigbehandlade 2008/2009. Resultat: Studiemodeller för 2008 visade färre gingivala retraktioner efter behandling p-värde, (p=0,0034 som är statistiskt signifikant). För lite data fanns från klinisk undersökning och intraorala bilder för att göra analays. Slutsats: Gingivala retraktioner verkar inte ha någon koppling med ortodontisk behandling på avdelningen för Ortodonti, Malmö Högskola. Kliniska intraorala foton är ett grovt mått diagnostiskt verktyg för att bedöma gingivala retraktioner. Det är baserat på begränsad data och inte slutgiltigt. Studie med större grupp av patienter behövs

Forests have been proposed as a means of reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels due to their ability to store carbon as biomass. To quantify the amount of atmospheric carbon sequestered by forests, biomass and density estimates are often needed. This study develops, implements, and tests an individual tree-based algorithm for obtaining forest density and biomass using orthophotographs and small footprint LiDAR imagery. It was designed to work with a range of forests and image types without modification, which is accomplished by using generic properties of trees found in many types of images. Multiple parameters are employed to determine how these generic properties are used. To set these parameters, training data is used in conjunction with an optimization algorithm (a modified Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm or a genetic algorithm). The training data consist of small images in which density and biomass are known. A first test of this technique was performed using 25 circular plots (radius = 15 m) placed in young pine plantations in central Virginia, together with false color othophotograph (spatial resolution = 0.5 m) or small footprint LiDAR (interpolated to 0.5 m) imagery. The highest density prediction accuracies (r2 up to 0.88, RMSE as low as 83 trees / ha) were found for runs where photointerpreted densities were used for training and testing. For tests run using density measurements made on the ground, accuracies were consistency higher for orthophotograph-based results than for LiDAR-based results, and were higher for trees with DBH ≥10cm than for trees with DBH ≥7 cm. Biomass estimates obtained by the algorithm using LiDAR imagery had a lower RMSE (as low as 15.6 t / ha) than most comparable studies. The correlations between the actual and predicted values (r2 up to 0.64) were lower than comparable studies, but were generally highly significant (p ≤ 0.05 or 0.01). In all runs there was no obvious relationship between accuracy and the amount of training data used, but the algorithm was sensitive to which training and testing data were selected. Methods were evaluated for combining predictions made using different parameter sets obtained after training using identical data. It was found that averaging the predictions produced improved results. After training using density estimates from the human photointerpreter, 89% of the trees located by the algorithm corresponded to trees found by the human photointerpreter. A comparison of the two optimization techniques found them to be comparable in speed and effectiveness. / Ph. D.

This dissertation studies a quiet but enormous cultural phenomenon that arose in the Soviet Union during the difficult years following World War II: amateur family photography. In the wake of enormous trauma and deprivation, millions of Soviet citizens picked up cameras and began to create images of their lives and environments. In doing so, I argue, they participated in a global trend in a specifically Soviet way. This project begins by establishing the rise of a domestic camera industry, which was the production base that allowed for the massive growth of Soviet amateur photography. Next, I examine how official cultural and economic institutions encouraged, discouraged, and reacted to the rising population of photographers. I then pivot to the work of amateur photographers themselves, exploring their self-representation through three vantage points. First, I trace some of the first mass Soviet amateur photographers: Red Army soldiers. Next, I examine family snapshot photography in Soviet Russia from 1945 to 1956. Finally, I focus on the personal photography of Russian and ex-Soviet displaced persons camps in Germany following the war. Through these three perspectives, I argue that Soviet and ex-Soviet amateur photographers created a new, unique visual language, interpreting their lives through their cameras. This dissertation seeks to answer two main questions. First, why did the Soviet state, in the wake of World War II and amid widespread shortage and famine, consistently expand camera supply and fuel a boom in amateur photography? Second, what sorts of photos did Soviet amateur photographers take, and how can they deepen our understanding of post-war Soviet culture? I argue that the Soviet state invested in cameras initially as a military technology, with the camera evolving into a consumer good over the course of the war and its aftermath. With their new cameras in hand, amateur photographers took photographs much like their international counterparts, highlighting their private lives and using common visual cliches to stage and set individuals as the focus of their images.

I explore visual and process-based systems to solidify the allusive nature of conceptual ideas. Impermanence, time and interdependence are reoccurring themes that stem from an interest in Eastern philosophy. Oscillating from representation to abstract minimalism, printmaking to sculpture, each element in a work is tailored to the concept. The minimalist appearance suggests simplicity, however elaborate planning and systematic execution are at the heart of my practice. Systems create great constraint, yet provide great freedom.

Esta pesquisa histórica teve como objeto o álbum fotográfico Parques Infantis, produzido em 1937, sob a encomenda do Departamento de Cultura de São Paulo. Percebendo-o como objeto cultural, a pesquisa teve como propósito analisar o álbum a partir de suas condições de emergência e produção, materialidade e circulação. Para tanto, recorreu não apenas ao próprio álbum e suas fotografias como fonte histórica, como também mobilizou fontes escritas (discursos, legislação, artigos de revistas, biografias, entre outras), fontes orais (depoimentos) e fontes iconográficas (revista S. Paulo e outras fotografias) a fim de compor um quadro de entendimento sobre as finalidades e intenções que motivaram sua elaboração. A pesquisa mostra que essa publicação iconográfica impressa conformou parte da estratégia de publicização operada pela inteligência paulista (grupo de Paulo Duarte) sobre o principal projeto desenvolvido pelo Departamento de Cultura: os Parques Infantis. Por meio do impresso, os contratantes procuraram dar a ver o modo como eles delinearam os trabalhos educativos nesses estabelecimentos segundo concepções de educação que se propunham modernas (como a educação higiênica e a cultura física). Os intelectuais contrataram o artista-fotógrafo B. J. Duarte para efetuar os registros e elaborar a paginação do álbum. Para tanto, apropriou-se da estética de representação que estava na ordem da visualidade dos anos 1930, qual seja, a fotografia moderna. / This historical research had as an object the photographic album Children Park, produced in 1937, under the orders of the Department of Culture of Sao Paulo. Perceiving it as a cultural object, the research had as purpose was to examine the album from their conditions of emergency and production, materiality and movement. Thus, appealed not only to their own album and its photographs as historical source, but also mobilized written sources (speeches, legislation, articles from journals, biographies among others),oral sources (testimony) and iconographic sources, (magazine S. Paulo and other photographs) in order to compose a framework of understanding about the aims and intentions that motivated their elaboration. The research shows that this printed iconographic publication complied part of the strategy of publicization operated by Paulista intelligence (group of Paulo Duarte) on the main project developed by the Department of Culture, the Children Park. Through print, contractors tried to see how they outlined the educative works in these establishments\' according education conceptions that proposed itself as modern (such as hygiene education and physical culture). The intellectuals hired the photographer-artist, B. J. Duarte to make the records and prepare the layout of the album. To this end, appropriated from the aesthetics of representation that was on the order of visuality of the years 1930, which is the modern photo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Ines Castro de Azevedo Correa.pdf: 23596966 bytes, checksum: e620c75c9e936b5947c2562e01788dd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The publication of photographs in the press midia follows patterns which understand that a journalistic photography registers a fact and should be faithful to it. The photography of dance slips away from such demand. And, if it really focus on its object (the dancing) in order to describe it faithfullly, it will be closer to the artistic photography, no longer following journalistic criteria. That is the hypothesis here proposed: the nature of the photography of dance could collaborate to update the rules reigning on the publication of images in cultural journalism. In some ways, every photo fragments time, and the photography of dance which works with body movements, cuts space and time. Having such singularity, the photography of dance the object of this research takes part in the images culture universe (BAITELLO, 2006). FLUSSER (2002), DUBOIS (2009), MACHADO (1984, 2010), BENJAMIN (1985) and SODRÉ (2009) will be considered during this research. The Bodymidia Theory (KATZ & GREINER, 2005, 2010, 2011) will be applied as an aggregative axis of the bibliography, in order to consolidate the theoretical fundaments according to which every communication originates from a body-environment relation; and in terms of photography of dance, such condition seems to be central. The methodology will begin reviewing the bibliography applied at studying the case of the blog www.corpoemimagem.blogspot.com, on which a very important part of the São Paulo city dancing productions performed between 2007 and 2012 has been randomly registered. Such photographs are treated as parts extracted from the cycle of happenings to which they belong. They are visual fragments of a six year period. To research the relation between photograph of dance and cultural photojournalism topics such as the photographer profile as a specialist, the photographic eye and the photographer s relation with what he does (SENNETT, 2009) will be prioritized / A publicação de fotos em mídia impressa segue padrões consensuais em torno do entendimento de que a foto jornalística registra um fato e a ele deve ser fiel. A fotografia de dança escapa dessa exigência. Mas, no seu caso, se realmente se aproximar do seu objeto (a dança) para buscar descrevê-lo fielmente, se aproximará da fotografia artística e deixará de caber nos critérios praticados no jornalismo. Fazendo deste o problema desta dissertação, a hipótese aqui proposta é a de que a natureza da fotografia de dança pode colaborar para a atualização das normas vigentes para a publicação de imagens no jornalismo cultural. De certa forma, toda fotografia fragmenta o tempo, e a fotografia de dança, que lida com o corpo em movimento, recorta o espaçotempo. Com essa singularidade, a fotografia de dança o objeto desta pesquisa se insere no mundo da cultura de imagens (BAITELLO, 2006). Para investigá-la, serão convocados FLUSSER (2002), DUBOIS (2009), MACHADO (1984, 2010), BENJAMIN (1985) e SODRÉ (2009). A Teoria Corpomídia (KATZ & GREINER, 2005, 2010, 2011) será empregada como eixo agregador da bibliografia para com ela consolidar a fundamentação teórica de que toda comunicação ocorre a partir da relação corpo-ambiente, condição que, no caso da fotografia de dança, nos parece central. A metodologia partirá da revisão bibliográfica, que será empregada no estudo de caso do blog www.corpoemimagem.blogspot.com, no qual encontra-se registrada, de forma aleatória, parte expressiva da produção de dança na cidade de São Paulo realizada de 2007 a 2012. São fotografias tratadas como partes recortadas do ciclo de acontecimentos ao qual pertencem, fragmentos visuais de um período circunscrito de seis anos. Para investigar a relação da fotografia de dança com o fotojornalismo cultural serão priorizados tópicos como o do perfil do fotógrafo enquanto especialista, o olhar fotográfico e a relação do fotógrafo com o seu fazer (SENNETT, 2009)

Esta pesquisa histórica teve como objeto o álbum fotográfico Parques Infantis, produzido em 1937, sob a encomenda do Departamento de Cultura de São Paulo. Percebendo-o como objeto cultural, a pesquisa teve como propósito analisar o álbum a partir de suas condições de emergência e produção, materialidade e circulação. Para tanto, recorreu não apenas ao próprio álbum e suas fotografias como fonte histórica, como também mobilizou fontes escritas (discursos, legislação, artigos de revistas, biografias, entre outras), fontes orais (depoimentos) e fontes iconográficas (revista S. Paulo e outras fotografias) a fim de compor um quadro de entendimento sobre as finalidades e intenções que motivaram sua elaboração. A pesquisa mostra que essa publicação iconográfica impressa conformou parte da estratégia de publicização operada pela inteligência paulista (grupo de Paulo Duarte) sobre o principal projeto desenvolvido pelo Departamento de Cultura: os Parques Infantis. Por meio do impresso, os contratantes procuraram dar a ver o modo como eles delinearam os trabalhos educativos nesses estabelecimentos segundo concepções de educação que se propunham modernas (como a educação higiênica e a cultura física). Os intelectuais contrataram o artista-fotógrafo B. J. Duarte para efetuar os registros e elaborar a paginação do álbum. Para tanto, apropriou-se da estética de representação que estava na ordem da visualidade dos anos 1930, qual seja, a fotografia moderna. / This historical research had as an object the photographic album Children Park, produced in 1937, under the orders of the Department of Culture of Sao Paulo. Perceiving it as a cultural object, the research had as purpose was to examine the album from their conditions of emergency and production, materiality and movement. Thus, appealed not only to their own album and its photographs as historical source, but also mobilized written sources (speeches, legislation, articles from journals, biographies among others),oral sources (testimony) and iconographic sources, (magazine S. Paulo and other photographs) in order to compose a framework of understanding about the aims and intentions that motivated their elaboration. The research shows that this printed iconographic publication complied part of the strategy of publicization operated by Paulista intelligence (group of Paulo Duarte) on the main project developed by the Department of Culture, the Children Park. Through print, contractors tried to see how they outlined the educative works in these establishments\' according education conceptions that proposed itself as modern (such as hygiene education and physical culture). The intellectuals hired the photographer-artist, B. J. Duarte to make the records and prepare the layout of the album. To this end, appropriated from the aesthetics of representation that was on the order of visuality of the years 1930, which is the modern photo.

The theoretical part focuses on the theme of the book - letter print - from the technical point of view. Further it explores the history, origin and various forms of a book. The thesis includes also chapters about a copyright book and the term " bibliophile". It also gives brief information about the graphic art, especially the technique of gravure. In the last part it aims at two personalities of Czech culture - a painter and graphic artist Jiří John and Jan Skácel. The practical part of the thesis is conceived as a folder that includes series of graphics accompanied with poetic texts. The graphic works are made by dry needle. The texts are written by Jan Skácel. The topic of the the copyright book expresses the author´s memories of her grandmother. The topics of each graphic work depicts the psychology of the contrast between the oldness and the youth and at the same time of the loss of a close person. The practical part should be also a sort of bibliophile.

<p>The purpose of my one year master’s thesis is to add a documentation of a data processing-process of photo- graphs to the administration of archives. The thesis is written from an archival science perspective which is to be seen in my choice of literature, method and questions at issue. To be able to form a documentation of a data processing-process I studied DiBiS, a company specialized in digitalizing old photographs and publish them on a online database. I also added a chapter where I studied how archival institutions used to handle their old photo- graphs in a traditional manner so the reader of this thesis will be able to understand and see the differences be- tween traditional and modern photograph management. Following the chapters describing traditional and modern management I formulated some questions at issue about the data-processing-process. Those questions I studied and analyzed in chapters about advantages and the complex of problems surrounding the subject. I came to the conclusion that there are a lot of advantages surrounding the data processing-process, especially from an ar- rangement- preservation and access point of view. I also came to the conclusion that the problems with data processing is the exaggerated focus on the photographic subject, the mistake of thinking that a digital copy of the subject can replace the original photograph and that retouch might distort the original outcome and therefore not live up to  archival science standards. To my assistance I had Katarina Nordin, archivist at Arkiv Gävleborg and, among others, Ingrid Fallström, ar- chivist at DiBiS. Specialist technical literature used during my work with this thesis have been Anna Dahlgrens and Pelle Snickars (red.) I bildarkivet om fotografi och digitaliserings effekter, Hege Oulies Digitalisering av fotosamlinger, Project Minervas Good practices handbook, Wolfgang Ernsts Sorlet från arkiven – ordning ur oordning and Anna Christina Ulfsparres (red.) Arkivvetenskap.</p>